6358 - Paving Markers Installation, 3.Statement of Work/ Specifications
Materials Management Department
901-B Texas Street
Denton, Texas 76209
SCOPE OF WORK
Exhibit 3
RFP 6358
PAVEMENT MARKERS INSTALLATION
FOR THE CITY OF DENTON
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RFP # 6358
Scope of Work/Technical Specifications
EXHIBIT 3
RFP # 6358
The scope of work shall be finalized upon the selection of the Firm. The respondent’s submission
shall have accurately described your understanding of the objectives and scope of the requested
products and services and provided an outline of your process to implement the requirements of the
Scope of Work and Services. It is anticipated that the scope of work will include, at a minimum,
the following:
A. TECHNICAL RESPONSIBILITIES AND REQUIREMENTS
General:
This item shall be for the supplying of adequate personnel and machinery/tools/ equipment and
the like as well as the supplying of, preparation for and installation of pavement markings and/or
their removal, for the work required (as it relates to pavement markings) at locations shown on
design plans provided to the Contractor and/or as directed by the City and in accordance with City
of Denton’s current practices, policies, procedures, specifications and standards or related TxDOT
requirements and/or specifications as provided in its most current Standard Specification for
Construction of Highways, Streets and Bridges and related documents or its most current
replacement(s) and as may apply when there are none for the City.
The Contractor shall carefully follow the manufacturer’s recommendations in the use of all
materials used in the preparation, installing and/or removal of pavement markings within the City
of Denton relative to and in accordance with the City’s current practices, policies, procedures,
specifications and standards or related TxDOT requirements and/or specifications as provided in
its most current Standard Specification for Construction of Highways, Streets and Bridges and
related documents or its most current replacement(s) and as may apply when there are none for the
City.
This document and all other associated documents required of the Contractor to correctly perform
the work necessary to properly begin and complete the job shall be within easy access, at all times,
of the Contractor’s on-site supervisor of the associated crew(s). If said document(s) are not within
easy access of said on-site supervisor, the City can, at its discretion, halt any and all associated
work.
Pre-marking guides (as they pertain to layout) shall be established to mark the location of the
permanent pavement marking(s) in the location as shown on the construction plans and/or as
directed by the City. The location shall be verified before the pavement marking(s)/marker(s) is
placed. Said pre-marking guides shall not leave a permanent indication on the road surface.
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Scope of Work/Technical Specifications
EXHIBIT 3
RFP # 6358
Pavement marking(s)/marker(s) shall be placed in accordance with the design/ construction plans
and/or as directed by the City. Said pavement marking(s)/marker(s) shall be in alignment when
placed and not deviate by more than two (2) inches. Any pavement marking(s)/marker(s) placed
and deemed unsatisfactory by the Engineer shall be removed by an acceptable method to the City
and properly reinstalled by and at the Contractor’s expense, in accordance with the City’s
requirement(s).
The Contractor’s on-site supervisor of the marking(s) crew(s), performing any work within the
City of Denton, must be able to:
a) Understand:
i) written English sufficient to fully understand any City and/or TxDOT written policies,
procedures, specifications, standards and/or the like (as it relates to pavement markings,
directly or indirectly) that are presented to him/her so as to begin and correctly
complete the work to be performed and
ii) design plan(s)/diagram(s)/schematic(s)/drawing(s) and the like (as it relates to
pavement markings), in part or in whole that are presented to him/her so as to begin
and correctly complete the work to be performed and
iii) conversational English sufficient to take instruction(s) from City staff so as to begin
and correctly complete the work to be performed and without further supervision by
the City or the need for additional written or spoken guidance by the City
iv) technical spoken English (as it relates to pavement markings as noted in items 1)a)i)
and 1)a)ii), directly or indirectly) sufficient to take instruction(s) from City staff so as
to begin and correctly complete the work to be performed and without further
supervision by the City or the need for additional written or spoken guidance by the
City or
b) provide a translator with the above noted capabilities, at no cost to the City. If said
supervisor/translator is not provided, no pavement marking work shall be performed until
said person is on the job’s site. Any work done while said person is not on the job’s site
can be considered being non-compliant and thus, not acceptable to the City. If said work
(in part or in whole) is rejected by the City as a result of said non-compliance, in any
manner, the required pavement marking(s)/marker(s) will be removed by and at the
Contractor’s expense (by a method acceptable to the City), and properly reinstalled by and
at the Contractor’s expense, in accordance with the City’s requirement(s).
2) The Contractor’s personnel, performing any work within the City of Denton, shall be
sufficiently skilled in the work of:
a) providing pre-marking guide(s)/layout,
b) installing;
c) removing
Pavement markings per City of Denton’s common practices, policies, procedures,
specifications and/or standards and/or City supplied design plans
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Scope of Work/Technical Specifications
EXHIBIT 3
RFP # 6358
For City directed work, application of pavement markings shall be done on an as needed basis per
project. The City shall notify the Contractor of each project required to be completed, in any order
and at any time throughout the length of the contract. Each said project shall be completed by the
Contractor in its entirety within the time limit(s) as noted on the applicable quantity sheet(s) and
as contained within the bid document(s) for and accepted by the City as submitted by the
Contractor or, if there is no such condition contained within the bid documents, as agreed upon, in
writing by the City and the Contractor prior to any installation, with allowance(s) for inclement
weather, as noticed by the City in writing to the Contactor. The Contractor shall make
arrangements and meet with appropriate City staff prior to beginning each project to determine the
scope and quantities required of said project. The Contractor shall come to the meeting, prepared
with estimates of all pavement markings required of each project to be discussed. Estimated
quantities greater than 10% of the difference between the City and Contractor for each type of
pavement marking shall be resolved by a meeting in the field with a representative of the City and
the Contractor and field verifying those items for which there are noted differences. The City has
the prerogative to change quantities after the meeting and prior to acceptance of the project, as
provided in writing by the City. Said quantity changes by the City shall be done by Contractor
only upon written authorization from the City. The Contractor shall be required to complete said
written changes prior to final written acceptance by the City.
Contactor (or responsible representative) shall immediately contact the City upon each occupation
of the site.
If for any reason Contractor will not occupy the site during a scheduled project’s work time (from
established start day to end day), the Contractor shall notice the City as to the reason why the site
will not be occupied and establish the next date certain of the intended site’s occupation.
All personnel as well as materials and machinery needed to complete the day’s work shall be on
site and/or in the Contractor’s possession upon the Contractor’s (or any representative thereof)
arrival at the project’s site.
City Notice
Unless specifically noted otherwise for a particular item, City shall mean the current Traffic
Operations Manager or his/her designate.
Noise Ordinance:
The Contractor shall be aware that the City of Denton has a noise ordinance in effect between the
hours of 10:00 PM and 7:00 AM and shall perform the applicable work required to complete the
job accordingly.
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Failure to Comply
Any failure by the Contractor and/or any representative thereof to meet or exceed the requirements
as contained herein shall be sufficient for the City of Denton to cancel any and/or all contract(s)
with said Contractor upon written notice of such by the City.
Traffic Control
Traffic control shall be the responsibility of the Contractor. Traffic control shall comply with the
most current North Texas Council of Governments “Standard Specifications for Public Work
Construction” latest edition Item 8.1 “Barriers and Warnings and/or Detour Signs” inclusive or
current replacement or, where none apply, the most current Texas Manual on Traffic Control
Devices (MUTCD), Chapter 6 and/or any State, District and/or Area supplement(s) thereof or
current replacement(s) or, where none apply, as directed by the City.
Elimination of Existing Pavement Marking(s)/Marker(s)
In areas where the pavement marking(s)/marker(s) are to be removed, the Contractor shall use one
of the methods as outlined in item 677 of the TxDOT Standard Specifications for the Construction
and Maintenance of Highways, Streets and Bridges and approved by the City.
The Contractor will be responsible for proper disposal of all the material as a result of the removal
process.
Pavement markings removed by the Contractor shall be replaced by the Contractor with City
approved temporary pavement markings (such as tabs) and/or traffic control devices, as directed
by the City, when the installation of the permanent pavement marking(s) replacement will not be
installed within 4 hours of said removal. If the Contractor does not comply within the 4 hour
requirement, the City has the prerogative to occupy the site and cause the site to be adequate for
use by the public. The Contractor shall be charged by the City for the cost of all staff time,
materials, machinery, traffic control devices and incidentals required of the City.
An existing adhesive installed pavement marking shall be removed in its entirety prior to any
application of a Type I or Type II pavement marking in its place.
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Scope of Work/Technical Specifications
EXHIBIT 3
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Liquidation Damages
Liquidation damages in the amount of $500 per day beyond the 4 hours as noted for pavement
markings removed by the Contractor can be assessed by the City for failure to either install the
permanent pavement markings or ensure temporary pavement markings (such as tabs) and/or
traffic control devices, as agreed upon by the City. If temporary pavement markings (such as tabs)
and/or traffic control devices are placed, the Contractor will notice the City prior to any placement
thereof with a date certain as to when the site will be occupied by the Contractor so as to remove
the temporary pavement markings (such as tabs) and/or traffic control devices and install the
applicable and proper permanent pavement markings.
Contractor shall have a maximum of two (2) business days beyond the established start day to be
on site to begin pavement marking(s) project(s). Liquidation damages in the amount of $500 per
day beyond the two (2) business days can be assessed by the City for failure to mobilize crews in
the specific time. Contractor shall have a maximum of zero (0) business days beyond the
established end day (at midnight) to complete the project(s) and to be entirely off the site(s).
Liquidation damages in the amount of $500 per day beyond the zero (0) business days can be
assessed by the City for failure to complete the project in the agreed upon time.
1. The City will notice the Contractor of a proposed project(s) prior to the City’s issuance of
a purchase order in order to describe the project’s needs and establish an agreed upon (with
the City) tentative begin date of the project. Under no circumstances is the Contractor to
begin a project(s) until the completion of item #2 which, is as follows
2. Upon issuance of a purchase order, the City will notice the Contractor so as to determine
the date certain of the start day of said project(s) and relative to the previously established
tentative begin date. Contractor shall also determine a reasonable end day of said project(s)
and agreed upon by the City. Contractor shall then provide the City, within two calendar
days, in writing (e-mail), of the project(s) name, start day and end day as previously
established and agreed upon with the City.
3. Upon written request by the Contractor and with detailed explanation (typically an event
and/or happening beyond the Contractor’s control), the City may, upon its own discretion,
agree to a different start day or a different end day. The City will notice the Contractor of
its decision to or not to allow the change of the requested start/end day and can do so
without prejudice and/or explanation.
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Scope of Work/Technical Specifications
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Protection of Pavement Marking(s)/Marker(s)
Newly installed pavement markings shall be protected from traffic until fully cured.
Existing pavement markings to remain within the project’s limits, plus those within a radius of 300
feet of the project’s limits shall not be damaged as a result of the work performed by the Contractor.
Any existing to remain or newly installed pavement marking that is damaged because of a lack of
protection (as determined by the City at the time of the acceptance inspection of the work
performed) shall be properly removed (by a method acceptable to the City) and replaced by the
Contractor in accordance with the City’s direction and at no expense to the City and prior to
acceptance by the City of the work performed by the Contractor.
The method of protection shall not constitute a hazard to the traveling public.
Equipment Use
All equipment used for pavement marking/marker installation and removal shall be specifically
designed for that purpose by a company experienced in the design and manufacture of such
equipment.
Have the production capability placement rate of a minimum of 40,000 linear feet of a four-inch
wide solid pavement marking, per average 8 hours of work, for any average workday.
Be considered as being in satisfactory operating condition if the placement rate is over any five (5)
consecutive working days.
Have production capabilities (like the four-inch wide marking equipment) so as to be capable of
placing linear pavement markings that are six inches wide as well as eight-inches wide in a single
pass.
Have the production capability placement rate of a minimum of 40,000 linear feet of a four-inch
wide solid pavement marking, per average 8 hours of work, for any average workday.
Be capable of placing broken or solid continuous white line from both sides of the pavement
marking installation equipment.
Equipment must be maintained in satisfactory condition so as to not delay scheduled work.
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Scope of Work/Technical Specifications
EXHIBIT 3
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Surface Preparation
The surface to which the pavement marking/marker material is to be applied shall be completely
dry and free of dirt, oil, grease, debris and other foreign objects. Necessary for the application to
and/or adherence of the pavement marking/marker to the pavement’s surface. The Contractor shall
be responsible for the proper preparation of the pavement surface accordingly. Any pavement
marking/marker failure as a result of improper pavement surface preparation shall not constitute a
hazard to the traveling public and shall be replaced by the Contractor at the Contractor’s expense
upon removal of all said pavement marking(s)/marker(s), by the Contractor and at the Contractor’s
expense, associated with the failure and upon the proper preparation of the surface prior to and the
reapplication of the pavement marking/marker, for acceptance of the work by the City.
Warranty
All pavement marking(s), glass beads, pavement marker(s), appurtenance(s), ancillary item(s)
and/or any material(s) used in conjunction with them for whatever purpose(s), as well as any
material(s) used for the application of and/or the attachment of these items to each other and/or the
pavement’s surface (including but not limited to: sealer(s) and epoxy adhesive(s)) shall be
warranted by the Contractor as noted on the applicable quantity sheet(s) and as contained within
the bid document(s) for and accepted by the City as submitted by the Contractor or, if there is no
such condition contained within the bid documents, for a total of 30days after acceptance of the
work by the City. The warranty shall apply to those items as a result of improper: pavement surface
preparation; method(s) of application; material(s) used; or the like, in which the item has; is; or is
beginning to separate from the pavement surface or between two or more components of an item
that has; is; or is beginning to separate from each other. The City shall determine the extent of the
impropriety of the each said item and the Contractor shall, for said extent remove the existing item
(and any component thereof); prepare the surface; and install the item (being new) in the
appropriate location and under the condition(s) as set forth in this document. The warranty period
for any such item so installed shall begin anew upon acceptance by the City and such
requirement(s) shall continue until at such time as the warranty period has been successfully
completed. The City reserves the right to withhold up to 50% of the cost(s) of the Contractor’s
billings of any item installed until at such time as the warranty period has been successfully
completed.
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Coordination with City Engineer
The City Engineer and/or his appointed representative will identify for the Contractor the roadways
upon which the work will be performed and serve as a liaison between the City and the Contractor.
Pavement marking(s)/marker(s) of the type specified shall be applied at the location(s) as
determined by the Engineer and/or his appointed representative and shall be in accordance with
the current Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices.
I PAVEMENT MARKING(S)
General: This item shall govern the installation of pavement marking(s) of the types, colors,
shapes, sizes, thickness and widths as shown.
Materials
Materials used shall be classified in accordance with the most current TxDOT Standard
Specifications for Construction and Maintenance of Highway, Streets and Bridges item 666 or its
replacement:
Type I Materials
Type I are thermoplastic materials that require heating to elevate the temperatures for applications.
Type I materials shall conform to TxDOT Departmental Materials Specifications D-9-8220 or its
current replacement. Each container of Type I material shall be clearly marked to indicate the
color, mass, type of material, manufacturer’s name and the lot/batch number.
Type II Materials
Type II materials are paint-type that are applied at ambient or slightly elevated temperatures. Type
II materials shall conform to the most current TxDOT Departmental Materials Specifications D-
9-8200, YPT-10 and/or WPT 10 and D-9-8290 or most current replacement.
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General Construction
Pavement surface preparation shall be done in accordance with Item 678 of the TxDOT Standard
Specifications for Construction and Maintenance of Highways, Streets, and Bridges or its current
replacement.
Shall essentially have a uniform cross-section. The density and quality shall be uniform throughout
the thickness. The application shall have no more than five percent, by area, of holes or voids and
shall be free of blisters.
Each edge of each pavement marking shall be well defined and without any splatter, spill-over,
splash, spray or the like adjacent to the pavement marking’s edge.
In place or on the roadway, shall be reflectorized both internally and externally.
Glass beads shall be applied to the material at a uniform rate (sufficient to achieve uniform and
distinctive retroflective characteristics when observed) and by an automatic bead dispenser
attached to the pavement marking equipment in such a manner that the beads are dispersed almost
instantly upon the pavement marking as the pavement marking is being applied to the road surface.
Glass beads shall be a minimum of Type I gradation, in accordance with TxDOT specification
DMS 8290 or its current replacement.
Application of Type I
Application of a pavement sealer shall be required for a location that does not have exiting
marking(s) on all Portland cement concrete surfaces and any asphalt surface that is 3 years or older.
The pavement sealer may be a Type II pavement marking, an acrylic sealer or an epoxy sealer. The
manufacturer’s directions for application of acrylic or an epoxy sealer shall be followed. If the
thermoplastic manufacturer does not recommend that a sealer be used, then the Contractor will not be
required to furnish one.
Shall be applied within temperature limits of the product as well as ambient air and roadway’s
surface as recommended by the material’s manufacturer. The Contractor shall provide all such
relevant information to the City before any application of the item to the roadway. If the product’s
manufacturer does not provide such information, then the pavement’s surface temperature shall be
above 50 F/ 10 C. Pavement temperature shall be measured in accordance with Test Method Tex-
829-B or its current replacement.
When Type I markings are to be placed, the Contractor shall have a hand-held thermometer on the
project. The thermometer shall be capable of measuring the temperature of the pavement marking
material to be placed.
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When applied by spray and operation ceases for five minutes or more, the spray head shall be
flushed by spraying the material into a pan or similar container until that which is being sprayed
is at the proper temperature for application.
Shall be a minimum thickness of 0.090 inches (2.3 millimeters) when measured in accordance
with Test Method Tex-854-B or its current replacement. The maximum thickness shall be 0.180
inches (4.5 millimeters).
Shall be of uniform thickness throughout the length and width.
In excess of 0.090 inches shall be paid as 0.090 inches.
Pre-formed shall be applied in the manner recommended by the manufacturer. The Contractor
shall provide all such relevant information to the City before any application of the item to the
roadway.
Shall not be placed in inclement weather.
Application of Type II
Shall be applied within temperature limits of the product, ambient air and roadway’s surface as
recommended by the material’s manufacturer. The Contractor shall provide all such relevant
information to the City before any application of the item to the roadway. If the product’s
manufacturer does not provide such information, then the pavement’s surface temperature shall be
above 50 F/ 10 C. If applicable, pavement temperature shall be measured in accordance with the
current TxDOT requirement.
The application rate shall be: between 15 and 20 gallons per mile of solid four inch wide line or
its equivalent ratio for line widths greater and/or not solid except that, for new surface treatment
projects the application rate shall be between 25 and 30 gallons per mile of solid four inch line and
between 40 and 50 gallons per mile for solid eight inch line or its equivalent ratio for lines other
than four and eight inches wide and/or not solid.
For new surface treatment projects, shall be applied in two applications for each approximately
one-half the application rate. The first application shall not contain glass beads. The interval
between the first and second application shall be a minimum of one hour or until dry, whichever
is greater.
Shall not be placed in inclement weather.
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Methods of Measurement and for Payment
For City Contracts:
A double solid line shall be measured as one line and shall be calculated based upon two (2) times
the measurement. This work shall be measured by the linear footage of the longitudinal or lateral
(whichever is not the width specified) distance, on the surface of the pavement marking, for the
width specified. Payment shall be based upon the amount calculated.
A single line (including: edge line, barrier line, bike lane, diagonal marking, stop bar and standard
parking stall line) shall be measured as one line and shall be calculated based upon one (1) times
the measurement. This work shall be measured by the linear footage of the longitudinal or lateral
(whichever is not the width specified) distance, on the surface of the pavement marking, for the
width specified. Payment shall be based upon the amount calculated.
A broken, dotted or lane drop line shall be measured as one line, including gaps between line
segments. This work shall be measured by the linear footage of the longitudinal or lateral
(whichever is not the width specified) distance, on the surface of the pavement marking, for the
width specified.
1. A broken line shall be calculated based upon the line segment to gap ratio of 0.25 (of each
length as provided herein) times the measurement.
2. Dotted line shall be calculated based upon the line segment to gap ratio of 0.25 (of each
length as provided herein) times the measurement.
3. Lane drop line shall be calculated based upon the line segment to gap ratio of 0.25 (of each
length as provided herein) times the measurement.
Payment shall be based upon the amount calculated for each.
A two-way left turn pocket shall be measured as one line along one of the solid pavement markings.
The total for the entire marking shall be equal to 2.50 times said measurement (of each length as
provided herein). Said 2.5 multiplier is determined by the combination of that solid line
measurement plus the accompanying broken line’s segment to gap ratio of 0.25 times said solid
line’s measurement, thus equaling 1.25 for each said line combination. Then the 1.25 line
combination shall be multiplied by 2 for to obtain the 2.5 multiplier for the two combination lines
that equal a two-way left turn pocket. This work shall be measured by the linear footage of the
longitudinal or lateral (whichever is not the width specified) distance, on the surface of the
pavement marking, for the width specified. Payment shall be based upon the amount calculated.
A yield line shall be measured per triangle type pavement marking and calculated based upon the
total number of the measurement. Payment shall be based upon the amount calculated.
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A word shall be measured per letter per category and shall be calculated based upon the total
number of letters measured for each category. Word pavement markings shall be divided into two
categories:
1. Large- those words required of a vehicle lane.
2. Small- those words required of a bicycle lane.
Payment shall be based upon the amount calculated for each letter for each category.
A symbol shall be measured per symbol per category and shall be calculated based upon the total
number of symbols measured for each category. Symbols shall be divided into three categories:
1. Large- item(s) shall include: rail-road crossing marking, entire and complete in accordance
with MUTCD requirements.
2. Medium- item(s) shall include: right arrow(s), left arrow(s) and through arrow(s) (note:
any combination [any two or all three] of right, left and/or through arrows shall be
measured as two (2) markings); wrong way arrow(s); and lane transition arrow(s).
3. Small- item(s) shall include: each symbol type as it relates to a bicycle path.
Payment shall be based upon the amount calculated for each symbol for each category.
A cross-walk shall be measured per each pavement marking and shall be calculated based upon
one (1) times the measurement. This work shall be measured by the linear footage of the
longitudinal or lateral (whichever is not the width specified) distance, on the surface of the
pavement marking, for the width specified. Payment shall be based upon the amount calculated.
A standard parking stall shall be measured, calculated and payment shall be in accordance with
and as a single line.
An ADA compliant parking stall shall be measured per item per category and shall be calculated
based upon the total number of items measured for each category. ADA compliant parking stalls
shall be divided into three categories
1. Standard: A standard accessible handicap parking stall and access aisle shall be measured
as one item for the pavement marking(s) required and is to include those necessary for both
a standard width access aisle (5ft), and the associated single parking stall (including, but
not limited to: the single line and the symbol) per the City’s standard detail.
2. Van: A van accessible handicap parking stall and access aisle shall be measured as one
item for the pavement marking(s) required and is to include those necessary for both a van
width access aisle (8ft), and the associated single parking stall (including, but not limited
to: the single line and the symbol) per the City’s standard detail.
3. Stall: Any parking stall not associated with an access aisle shall be measured as one item
for the pavement marking(s) required and is to include those necessary for the associated
single parking stall (including, but not limited to: the single line and the symbol) per the City’s
standard detail.
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Payment shall be based upon the amount calculated for each item for each category.
A speed hump shall be measured, calculated and payment shall be in accordance with and as single
line for each pavement marking (typical total of four markings) installed per speed hump.
The requirements for any pavement marking not provided herein will be established by the City
prior to beginning of the work to be performed by the Contractor.
Any repair work ordered by the Engineer shall not be measured.
Any work done by a Contractor not under contract by the City, will account for the work done in
accordance with the requirement(s) of the entity under which the contract for work to be performed
was issued.
Methods of Construction
A. Longitudinal lines placed on tangent roadways segments shall be straight and true unless
noted otherwise by the City.
B. Longitudinal lines placed on curves shall be continuous smoothly curved lines consistent
with roadway alignment unless noted otherwise by the City.
C. Lateral lines shall be straight and true in accordance with City requirements unless noted
otherwise by the City
D. Symbol and word pavement markings shall be centered in the lane and without overlap
(except for each of the various arrows when used in combination) or conflict with any other
or as directed by the City
E. Vehicle tracking as a result of vehicle movement through a non-dried marking shall be
repaired (including, but not limited to: the replacement of the damaged pavement
marking(s) and the removal of all tracked pavement marking(s)) by the Contractor to the
satisfaction of the City and at the Contractors expense.
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Pavement Marking(s) Description
The following applies to the City’s M&S series schematics. The numbers provided in the
pavement markings description are in direct relation to the number(s) provided on schematics.
Any conflicts will be resolved by the City with appropriate verbal direction and/or in writing prior
to application.
The M&S series schematics are an attempt to show various types of pavement
marking(s)/marker(s) and their relation to and in combination with each other and are not an
endorsement of acceptable geometric design(s). In addition, because each location’s
circumstance(s) is different, the Engineer of Record shall apply the information provided by the
City to any design with proper engineering consideration and understanding of the specific needs
necessary for the local.
The identification code for the typical subsets of a particular line pavement marking, where such
type of marking(s) has multiple applications (width and/or color) is indicated by:
TYPE
I = 4 inches wide,
II = 6 inches wide
III = 8 inches wide,
IV = 12 inches wide
V = 24 inches wide,
A = white,
B = yellow
C = blue
A 4, 6, 8, and 12 inch wide line shall be applied as one single width. A 24 inch wide line may be
applied with two 12 inch wide lines, provided the final width of the pavement marking is a true 24
inches wide.
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THE FOLLOWING NUMBERS/ITEMS, HIGHLIGHTED IN YELLOW, REFERENCE THE
CITY OF DENTON’S M&S 005 SERIES DRAWINGS
1. Double
a. TYPE IA – Two parallel lines with a 4 inch parallel space between; each line is 4 inches
in width; each line is solid; each line is white – typical use: separates traffic in the same
direction on a multilane roadway where conditions are such that a vehicle in either lane is
not allowed to change to the other lane.
b. TYPE IB – Two parallel lines with a 4 inch parallel space between; each line is 4 inches
in width; each line is solid; each line is yellow – typical use: separates opposing direction
traffic on a multilane roadway or where there is a horizontal and/or vertical curve that
restricts passing sight distance. Note: see Broken line, Type 1B for alternate type.
2. Edgeline
a. TYPE IA - One line; 4 inches in width; solid; white – typical use on right edge of a roadway
without curb/gutter (in direction of travel) or to define an urban shoulder.
b. TYPE IB - One line; 4 inches in width; solid; yellow – typical use on the left side of a one-
way street to transition from an on street no parking area to an on street parking area ( or
vice versa) or adjacent to a median of a two-way street that is without the curb/gutter.
3. Barrier Line
a. TYPE IA- One line; 4 inches in width; solid; white – typical use; extension of a broken
line immediately upstream of a stop or yield condition or where the changing of a lane is
discouraged. Minimum of 120 feet, lengths in excess of 120 feet shall be in 40 foot
increments.
b. TYPE IIA - One line; 6 inches in width; solid; white – typical use; Bike Lane
c. TYPE IIIA - One line; 8 inches in width; solid; white - typical use; left or right turn pockets
or where the changing of a lane is highly discouraged.
4. Reserved for future use.
5. Broken line (can also be called a Skip line)
a. TYPE IA – One line; 4 inches in width; line segment pavement marking - 10 feet in length
with a gap - 30 feet in length; white – typical use; separation of through traffic lanes
traveling in the same direction.
b. TYPE IB – (Alternate type centerline) One line; 4 inches in width; line segment pavement
marking - 10 feet in length with a gap - 30 feet in length; yellow – typical use; separation
of traffic traveling in the opposite direction on a two-lane roadway where there is no
horizontal and/or vertical curve that restricts passing sight distance. Page 16 of 55
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THE FOLLOWING NUMBERS/ITEMS, HIGHLIGHTED IN YELLOW, REFERENCE THE
CITY OF DENTON’S M&S 005 SERIES DRAWINGS
6. Dotted Line
a. TYPE IA - One line, 4 inches in width; line segment pavement marking - 2 feet in length,
white - typical use; transition through an intersection for traffic traveling in the same
direction (the intersection being defined as being within the tangents of the applicable outer
most defined [through the use of an edgeline or curb line] edge of the outer most through
lane):
i. outside the limits of the intersection the gap shall be 6 feet in length,
ii. within the intersection, the marking shall be placed on the lane line, on the center
of the travel lane and on the limit(s) of the intersection with the gap being variable.
b. TYPE IB - One line, 4 inches in width; line segment pavement marking - 2 feet in length,
yellow - typical use; transition through an intersection for traffic traveling in the opposite
direction (the intersection being defined as being within the tangents of the applicable outer
most defined [through the use of an edgeline or curb line] edge of the outer most through
lane):
i. outside the limits of the intersection the gap shall be 6 feet in length,
ii. within the intersection, the marking shall be placed on the lane line, on the center
of the travel lane and on the limit(s) of the intersection with the gap being variable.
c. TYPE IIA - One line, 6 inches in width; line segment pavement marking - 2 feet in length
and a gap - 6 feet in length, white – typical use; for a bike lane, defines the vehicle/bike
conflict/transitional area just upstream of an intersection, minimum of 24ft.
d. TYPE IIIA – One line, 8 inches in width; line segment pavement marking - 2 feet in length
and a gap - 6 feet in length, white – typical use; prior to the beginning of a left or right turn
pocket, typically within the limits of the transition.
7. Diagonal Marking
a. TYPE VA - one line, 24 inches in width, solid; white, if more than one is used, then 20
foot spacing, on center between each, minimum length is 5 feet, generally 45degrees to
direction of travel - typical use;
i. to better define the edge of the roadway or a location along the edge of the roadway
where vehicle travel is restricted from using and therefore, the line is linear/straight
or
ii. better define a painted median that separates vehicles traveling in the same direction
and therefore is “V” shaped
b. TYPE VB - one line, 24 inches in width, solid; yellow, if more than one is used, then 20
foot spacing, on center, between each, minimum length is 5 feet , generally 45degrees to
direction of travel - typical use; to better define the edge of the roadway or a location along the
edge of the roadway where vehicle travel is restricted from using and therefore, the line is
linear/straight or in a painted median that separation of opposing traffic separation of traffic
traveling in the opposite direction
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THE FOLLOWING NUMBERS/ITEMS, HIGHLIGHTED IN YELLOW, REFERENCE THE
CITY OF DENTON’S M&S 005 SERIES DRAWINGS
8. Two-Way Left Turn Pocket, TYPE IB
2 sets of 4 inch yellow lines with a 4inch parallel space between; one set shall consist of
two lines: the first being a single continuous solid line on the outside and the second being
a broken line (see item #5) on the inside. Each set shall be separated (defining the lane’s
width) as determined by the City Engineer.
9. Lane Drop, TYPE IIIA
One line, 8 inches in width; 3 foot line segment pavement marking and a 9 foot gap, white
– typical use; prior to a barrier line for a through lane that turns into a mandatory left or
right turn lane/pocket. Minimum of 120 feet, lengths in excess of 120 feet shall be in 40
foot increments
10. Stop Bar, TYPE VA
One line; 24 inches in width, solid, white; length to be from the curb-line/edge of pavement
to the marked centerline/nearest edge of the median of a roadway. Typically 18 feet from
tangent of cross-street unless otherwise directed by the City.
11. Yield Line
Solid, white, alternating marking with 12 inch spacing, as measured along the top of the
marking; the marking is in the shape of a triangle with it being 12inches wide, as measured
along the top edge of the marking and 18inches deep, as measured at a 90 degree angle and
away from the top edge. See Pedestrian crosswalk for further information.
12. Word
White, a letter or any combination thereof used to convey a message and typically is used
to supplement a sign, per TxDOT standards and as directed and approved by the City.
13. Symbol
Typically white, a diagrammatic representation of a word, typically designates a desired
direction of travel, per TxDOT standards and as directed and approved by the City.
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THE FOLLOWING NUMBERS/ITEMS, HIGHLIGHTED IN YELLOW, REFERENCE THE
CITY OF DENTON’S M&S 005 SERIES DRAWINGS
14. Pedestrian Crosswalk, TYPE VA
Multiple line segments and gaps; each line segment pavement marking is 24 inches in width,
minimum 6 feet in length; solid; white.
a. One line segment on the lane line (for an outside lane greater than 12 feet in width, place
marking 12 feet from the adjacent vehicle’s lane marking, install any additional line
segment(s) beyond the 12 feet as directed by engineering design plans or the City),
b. one line segment on the centerline of a vehicle travel lane
c. one line segment at:
i. the gutter-line/edge of pavement if on a tangent or
ii. the projection of the gutter line/edge of pavement’s tangent if within the curve of
an intersection of two streets.
The gap’s width is variable, but at no time shall it be less than 2 feet.
At a median, patterns of line segments and gaps will be installed so as to meet the line segment
and gap requirements so noted.
Crosswalk shall be installed so as to fully include projection of applicable ADA
ramps/pedestrian way.
The pedestrian crosswalk marking shall be aligned and parallel with the direction of travel of
the vehicle.
Where not controlled by a stop bar at an intersection, a yield line will be installed upstream of
the pedestrian crosswalk, unless otherwise directed by the City.
15. Standard Parking Stall, TYPE IA
One line; 4 inches in width; solid; white
16. ADA parking stall
Shall meet the Americans with Disabilities requirements in accordance with City schematic
M&S 100 or current replacement
17. Speed Hump, TYPE IIIA
Shall meet the requirements of the 2003 revised MUTCD Section 3B-26 and Figure 3B29,
Option C or its current replacement.
18. Misc.
Other pavement markings than those noted above may be required to be installed by the
City. Specific criteria will be verbally provided by the City at the time of installation or
design plans indicating the criteria will be provided prior to installation.
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II PAVEMENT MARKER(S)
Pavement markers shall be of the following classes and types as specified in the most current
TxDOT Standard Specifications for Construction and Maintenance of Highways, Streets and
Bridges Item 672.2 or its most current replacement:
Classes
Class A – Jiggle Bar Tiles: shall include types: I-A, I-C, II-A-A, W and Y
Class B – Raised Pavement Markers (RPMs): shall include types: I-A, I-C, I-R, II-A-A,
II-C-R and II-B-B.
Class C and D – Traffic Buttons: shall include types I-A, I-C, I-R, II-A-A, and II-C-R, W
and Y.
Class E shall include types: I-A, I-C, I-R, II-A-A, and II-C-R. The body color
descriptions do not apply to class E pavement markers.
Types
Reflectorized:
Type I-A. Shall contain one (1) face that reflects amber light. The body, other than the
reflective face, shall be yellow.
Type I-C. Shall contain one (1) face that reflects white light. The body, other than the
reflective face, shall be white.
Type I-R. Shall contain one (1) face that reflects red light. The body, other than the
reflective face, shall be white.
Type II-A/A. Shall contain two (2) reflective faces oriented 180 degrees to each other,
each of which shall reflect amber light. The body, other than the reflective faces, shall be
yellow.
Type II-C/R. Shall contain two (2) reflective faces oriented 180 degrees to each other,
one (1) of which shall reflect white light and one (1) of which shall reflect red light. The
body, other than the reflective faces, shall be white.
Type II-B/B. Shall contain two (2) reflective faces oriented 180 degrees to each other,
each of which shall reflect blue light. The body, other than the reflective faces, shall be
blue. This item shall be placed in the center of the adjacent through lane closest to the
fire hydrant and in the direction the fire hydrant is facing, with one reflective face of the
RPM facing in the direction of travel.
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None Reflectorized traffic buttons shall be of the following types:
Type W. Type W shall have a white body and no reflective faces.
Type Y. Type Y shall have a yellow body and no reflective faces.
Unless specified in the construction plans or the special contract definitions of these specifications,
use with same-directional lines shall be Type II-C-R, use with opposing-directional lines shall be
Type II A-A.
If non reflectorized traffic buttons are specified (as approved in writing by the City), lane lines
shall be type W and centerlines shall be Type Y.
Appearance Requirements
The outer surface of the pavement marker shall be smooth except for the molding or stamping of
the manufacture’s unique model imprint. All corners and edges exposed to traffic shall be rounded.
The interface between the reflective face(s) and the body of the marker shall be solid.
The bottom surface of the pavement marker shall have a minimum roughness comparable to that
of fine sandpaper, but shall not be of such roughness or grooved such that air will be entrapped
when pressed into the adhesive.
Epoxy Adhesive
Shall meet the minimum requirements of TxDOT Standard Specifications for Construction and
maintenance of Highways, Streets and Bridges Item 575 and TxDOT Departmental Material Specification
D-9-6100 or the current replacement. Epoxy shall be machine mixed.
Those that are acceptable are as follows:
Types I and I-M: Rapid setting for use when a very fast set is required or if markers must be placed
when pavement temperature is below 50F/10C.
Types II, II-M and II-MA: Medium setting.
Types III and III-M: Standard setting
Types IV and IV-M: Slow setting for use when setting time is not a consideration.
Those designated as Types I and IV are intended for hot mixing and application.
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On projects where the adhesive is to be handled by automatic metering, mixing and application
equipment, Types I-M through IV-M which are designated specifically for machine application,
shall be used. Type II-MA adhesive is designated for placement of all-weather markers. For all
types, the resin component shall be pigmented white and the hardener component black.
The type of adhesive to be used for placing ceramic or plastic markers on a specific project shall
be based upon the setting time required under the prevailing weather and traffic conditions and
approved by the Engineer.
Prior to use, each component shall be stirred to re-disperse any settling or separation of the fillers
and liquid portions until a uniform color and appearance obtained. No addition of solvents shall
be allowed unless indicated by the manufacturer or approved by the Engineer.
Bituminous Adhesive
Shall meet the minimum requirements of TxDOT Departmental Material Specification D-9-6130
or its current replacement.
The adhesive shall be suitable for bonding ceramic and plastic markers to and applicable when
road surface and pavement marker temperatures are in the approximate range of 4 to 71 C (40 to
160 F). The composition of the adhesive must be such that its properties will not deteriorate when
heated to and applied at temperatures up to 218 C(425 F) using either air or oil-jacketed melters.
Construction
Pavement surface preparation shall be done in accordance with Item 678 of the TxDOT Standard
Specifications for Construction and Maintenance of highways, Streets, and Bridges or its current
replacement.
Each class shall come from the same manufacturer.
The Contractor shall use bituminous adhesive for Class A, B, C, and D on a bituminous type
surface.
The Contractor shall use epoxy adhesive for Class A, B, C, and D on a Portland concrete cement
surface.
The Contractor shall only use epoxy adhesive for Class E, for both bituminous or Portland concrete
cement surfaces.
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The epoxy shall be applied in sufficient quantity such that 100% of the bonding area of the raised
pavement marker shall be in contact with the adhesive and such that the pavement marker is seated
on a continuous layer of adhesive and not in contact with the pavement surface, except for Class
E.
Adhesive shall be applied in accordance with manufacturer’s specifications except where different
in these specifications.
Where bituminous adhesive is required, the pavement and pavement marker shall be at least 40
F/5 C. The bituminous adhesive shall not be heated above 400 F/ 205 C. The bituminous adhesive
shall be agitated intermittently to ensure even heat distribution.
Shall be placed immediately after adhesive is applied and shall be firmly bonded to the pavement.
The surfaces, especially the reflective surfaces, shall be free of adhesive.
Methods of Measurement and for Payment
For City Contracts:
Measurement and payment shall be per unit class/type, as may apply, installed.
The requirements for any pavement marker not provided herein will be established by the City
prior to finalization of the work to be performed by the Contractor.
Any repair work ordered by the Engineer shall not be measured.
Any work done by a Contractor not under contract by the City, will account for the work done in
accordance with the requirement(s) of the entity under which the contract for work to be performed
was issued.
Raised Pavement Marker(s) (RPMs) Description
Unless approved otherwise by the City in writing, only Type II shall be used.
The following applies to the City’s M&S 004 series schematics. The numbers provided herein are
in direct relation to the number(s) provided in the Pavement Markings Description section of this
document. Any conflicts will be resolved by the City with appropriate verbal direction and/or
written notes prior to application.
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The following RPMs shall be installed in association with the associated pavement marking:
THE FOLLOWING NUMBERS/ITEMS, HIGHLIGHTED IN YELLOW, REFERENCE THE
CITY OF DENTON’S M&S 005 SERIES DRAWINGS
1. Double
a. TYPE IA – C/R RPM shall be installed in a repeating set of 3, set of 2 and set of 2 RPMs
pattern with 40 foot spacing between each set for the entire length of pavement marking.
The 3-RPM set shall be located such that all said 3 RPMs are located laterally on center
and across from each other and such that that one RPM is on the outside edge of each of
the 2 pavement markings (total: 2 of the 3) and the third shall be centered between said 2
pavement markings. The 2-RPM set shall be located such that all said 2 RPMs are located
laterally on center and across from each other and such that one RPM is on the outside edge
of each of the 2 pavement markings. The clear portion shall face oncoming traffic.
b. TYPE IB - A/A RPM shall be installed in the same repeating set of 3, set of 2 and set of 2
RPMs pattern as for the Double Type IA noted immediately above.
2. Edgeline
a. TYPE IA – Unless directed by the City, no RPM installed with the associated pavement
marking.
b. TYPE IB - Unless directed by the City, no RPM installed with the associated pavement
marking.
3. Barrier Line
a. TYPE IA – C/R RPM, 10 feet on center for the entire length of the pavement marking.
Starting with the most inside through lane (#1 lane, through lane closest to the centerline
of the roadway). Located on the outside edge of said through lanes pavement marking
b. TYPE IIA - Unless directed by the City, no RPM installed with the associated pavement
marking.
c. TYPE IIIA – C/R, 10feet on center for the entire length of the pavement marking. Located
on the inside edge of said lane’s pavement marking.
4. Reserved for future use.
5. Broken line (may also be called a Skip line)
a. TYPE IA – C/R RPM shall be installed such that it is centered on the gap between each
line for the entire length of the pavement marking.
b. TYPE IB – A/A RPM shall be installed such that it is centered on the gap between each
line for the entire length of the pavement marking.
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THE FOLLOWING NUMBERS/ITEMS, HIGHLIGHTED IN YELLOW, REFERENCE THE
CITY OF DENTON’S M&S 005 SERIES DRAWINGS
6. Dotted Line
a. TYPE IA - Unless directed by the City, no RPM installed with the associated pavement
marking.
b. TYPE IIA - Unless directed by the City, no RPM installed with the associated pavement
marking.
c. TYPE IIIA– Unless directed by the City, no RPM installed with the associated pavement
marking.
7. Diagonal Markings
a. TYPE IIIA – one C/R RPM shall be installed immediately upstream of the intersection of
the Edgeline Type 1A and the diagonal Type 3A pavement markings.
b. TYPE IIIB - one A/A RPM shall be installed immediately upstream of the intersection of
the Edgeline Type 1B and the diagonal Type 3B pavement markings.
8. Two-Way Left Turn Pocket, TYPE IB
a. for the broken line: A/A RPM shall be installed such that it is centered on the gap between
each line.
b. For the solid line: Unless directed by the City, no RPM(s) installed with the associated
pavement marking.
9. Lane Drop, TYPE IIIA
Unless directed by the City, no RPM installed with the associated pavement marking.
10. Stop Bar, TYPE VA
Unless directed by the City, no RPM installed with the associated pavement marking.
11. Yield Line
Unless directed by the City, no RPM installed with the associated pavement marking.
12. Word
Unless directed by the City, no RPM installed with the associated pavement marking.
13. Symbol
Unless directed by the City, no RPM installed with the associated pavement marking.
14. Pedestrian Crosswalk, TYPE VA
Unless directed by the City, no RPM installed with the associated pavement marking.
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THE FOLLOWING NUMBERS/ITEMS, HIGHLIGHTED IN YELLOW, REFERENCE THE
CITY OF DENTON’S M&S 005 SERIES DRAWINGS
15. ADA parking stall, TYPE IA
Unless directed by the City, no RPM installed with the associated pavement marking.
16. Speed Hump
Unless directed by the City, no RPM installed with the associated pavement marking.
17. Misc.
Other pavement markers than those noted above may be required to be installed by the City.
Specific criteria will be verbally provided by the City at the time of installation or de
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Drawings referenced in the
Scope of Work
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