HomeMy WebLinkAbout1963
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
FOR
WATER - SEWER - STREET CONSTRUCTION
AS APPROVED BY
THE CITY COUNCIL, CITY OF DEN CON
City Secretary Mayne
City of Denton, Texas City of Denton, Texan
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION No. I CON(;RET'r" CURB & GUTTER
1-1 Descripl.ion
1-2 Ma ter icl).s
1-3 Excavat!on
1-4 corms
1-5 Flacirsg of Concrete
1-6 Curing of Concrete
1-7 Backfilling
STRIM11 AND ROADWAY SPECIFICATIONS
SECTION NO. 2 TY131, 10A1' PAVEMENT (Concrete)
2-1 Subgrado
2-2 Materials
2-3 Expansion Joints
2-4 Mixinq a.nd Placing
2-5 R,ady-Mixed Concrete
2-6 Norms
2-7 Placing Concrete
2-8 Cold Weather Concreting
2-9 Consolidating and Finishing
2-10 Longitudinal Ploa ti.ng
2-11 Scraping
2-12 ,4traighLedging
2-13 Edging
2-14 final Surface Finish
2-15 Curing
2-16 Longitudinal and Transverse Joints
2-17 Cold Weather Protection
2-18 protection and opening to Traffic
SECTION NO, 3 TYP13 °B" PAVEMENT (Asphalt)
3-1 Construction Requirements for Embankment
3-2 Preparation of Suhgrado
3-3 Hydrated Lime Stabilized Flexible Base
3-4 Hot Mix Asphaltic Concrete
SECTION NO. 4 CONCRETE FOR STRUCTURES
4-1 Materials
4-2 't'ests of Concrete
4-3 General Construction Requirements
4-4 Forms
SECTION NO. 4 CONCRETE FOR STRUCTURES (Continued)
4-5 Placing of Concrete
4-6 Freezing Weather
4-7 Construction Joints
4-8 Curing of Concroto
4-9 Removal of Forms
4-10 Finishing
4-11 Transit Mix Concrete
SECTION NO. 5 REINFORCING STEEL
5-1 Material
5-2 Pending
5-3 Storing of Steel
5-4 Placing and Maintaining Reinforcement
5-5 Inspection
SECTION NO. 6 CONCRETE CULVERT PIPE
6-1 Pipe
6-2 Laying Concrete Tongue and Groove Joint Pipe
6-3 Foundation
6-4 Packfill
SECTION NO. 7 GENERAL CONSTRUCTION OF SEWER IMPROVEMENTS
7-1 Scope of Specifications
7-2 Protection of Work
7-3 Pipe
7-4 Joints
7-5 Tape
7-6 Grades
7-7 Location of Maine
7-8 Test and Inspection
7-9 Excavation
7-10 Backcill
7-11 Laying Pipe
7-12 Manholes
7.13 Acceptance
SECTION NO. 8 WATER DISTRIPUTXON SYSTEM
8-1 Water Lines
9-2 Pipu
8-3 Operation of Valves in Existing Water Works System
8-4 Pipe Lining
8-5 Fittings
8-6 Valves
SECTION No, a WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM (Continued)
8-7 Joints
8-8 Laying Pipe
8-9 Fire Hydrants
8-10 Service Lines and Tape
8-11 Excavation
8-12 Backfilling
8-13 Concrete backing
8-14 Testing Water Mains
8-15 Sterilization of Water Mains
M
SE(!TION NO. 1
CONCRETE _CURB & GUTTS
1-1 Description, This item shall consist of Portland Cement
Concrete Curb & Gutter with reinforcing
steel. Section of Curb & Gutter and placement: of reinforcing
i5teal shall be as shown on City of Denton Standard Curb &
Cutter Section on file in the Cngineoring Section, Public Works
Department. .Curb & Gutter to be constructed on approved subgrado
and to line and grade as established by the I,nginoer and dotails
shown on plans,
1-2 Materialsi Kitorials and proportions for, concrete used in
construction under this item shall conform to
the., requirements of Class A concrete as defined in Texas Highway
Department Standard Specifications, Item 403, except that under
these specifications finishing with cement sand mortar of not to
exceed one-half inGh, will be allowed where the mortar is
mixed in proportions of one pubic foot of cement to three cubic
feet of goad clean mortar sand. This finish must be placed while
concrete is prefectly green., and no later than 60 minutes after
concroto has been placed.
1-3 Exc.ava~t Excavation shall. be made to the reciuir.od depth
and of sufficient width to construct the work
to grade, form and dimensions.
All soft and yielding or other unsuJ%able and unstable
materials shall be removed and replaced with acceptable material;
the subgrade then shall be compacted tp the satisfaction of the
Engineer. Where subgrado is undercut, suitable material shall be
used to fill and it phall be compacted to the satisfaction of the
Engineer.
1-1: Format The forma shall by of wood or metal, straight and free
from warp, and of sufficient strength to resist spring-
ing during the process of deptiniting and compacting the concrete.
Straight farms of wood shall be two (2) inch nominal thickness Sur-
faced plank, or of metal of an approved section with a flat surfac:a
on top and bottom. Forms for use on radii shall be of flexible
wood or metal. The forms shall be of a depth equal to the depth of
the concrete section in which *they are in contact, and no designed
as to permit securely fastening together in correct position. Forms
shall be securely staked, braced, and firmly held to the required
line and grade, using approved spreaders and clamps, and shall be
sufficiently tight to prevent the leakage of mortar. All forma
shall be cleaned thoroughly and wetted b4fore the concrete is placed
against them.
1-5 placing of Concretes No Iconcrete shall be pil4ced unless the
sgrade, forms and re nforcoment, if
1-1
required, have been chocked and approved by Lho Engineer. Concrete
shall be deposited on a moist subgrado. Dur.i.ncf ,1,fa;ting, the con-
crete shall be thoroughly spaded next to the Forms, and shall be
carefully tamped, using an approved tamper, in uniform layers not
exceeding six (6) inches in depth, until a uniformly donne concrete
in obtained. As soon as the concrete has sot xuffici.ently to re-
tain iLs shape without support of the forms, the clamps and spreaders
may be removed.
1-6 Curing ox~ Concre 2.L Upon direction of too Engineer, the con-
crote 'dhall be sprayed with a curing com-
1,mund 'suitable L'or the formation of an imperiable film which shall
o dhore integrally to the concrete. The cu:-ing compound used shall
contain a quick fading dye of suitable cold; to assure visibAlity
during application and shall be of such ingredients as will not per-
manently alter the natural color of the concrete, other means of
curing may be used it permission is given by the Engineer,
1-7 Backfill.•i.nu; The curb and gutter shall be backfill,ed within
seventy-two (72) hours of pouring. The back-
filled shall be of suitable material and oompactod in a manner
acceptable to the City Engineer.
1-2
STABET AND ROADWAY SPECIFICATIONS
Generale All streets and roadways constructed in the city of
csti,otts Denton shall conform to one of tho Collowing specifi-
2]ype r Shall consist of concrete pavement 6 inches thick with
re-inforcing steel in accordance with specifications
as described herein,
j
!~Xpe B= (Stabilized base) Shall consist of 6 inches of compacted
subgrade G inches of satisfactory compacted road
gravel stabilized with lime and surfaced with 2 inches of hot mix
asphaltic concrete in accordance with specifications as descrtbed
herein,
Allen riavin.gy Ohall consist of 6 inches of satisfactory compacted
road aravil stabilized with lime and surfaced with
2 inches of hot mix asphaltic concrete in accordance with specifi-
cations -~s described herein.
SECTION NO, a
TYPE "A" PAVCMGN"'
2~1 Su~ra;de;
A. Description., Subgrade is that por.tian of the roadbed
upon which the base or pavement is to be
placed,.
B. Construction Methods,,,,. After the excavation or embarkment
has been aubstanLially completed,
Lho subgrade shall be brought. Lo the corrocL alignmont, cross section,
and elevation, so that after rolling, it will conform to Lho correct
n.lignment, cross sec Lion, or c,levaLion. All irregularities whie:h
dovelop during final compaction in excess of inch, as shown by
straight edge or tomp.late, ahall Immediatoly be correctedl the suh-
grade shall. be so prepared that when completed, iL will have as nearly
as practicable e uniform donoity of not loss than 90 percent of the
maximum dry density of samples of the materials as determined by tho
S.Landar,d Prot-or Compaction 'l'ost, to a depth of 6 inches.
The prepared subgrade shall be kept thoroughly wetted
down sufficiently in advance of placing any concrete base or pravemcnL
to insure il.s being In a firm and moist condition of at least 2
inches below the finished riubgrado surface.
only such Subgrade as is necessary for the satisfactory
prosecution of the work shall be completed ahead of placing the bane
or pavement. Subgrade may be surfaced either by hand or mechanically
by subg.rade planer, No hauling or equipment will be permitted on
the finished subgxade.
Complete drainage of the subgrade shall bu provided at
all times. The type of equipment and methods of use shall be approved
by the Engineer,
2-2 aterlale t
Concrete); Concrete shall be composed of portland cement,
aggrogates and water„ 't'hese materials shall
be furnished only front sources of supply !approved ble tha engirO,er before
shipments are started. The basis of approval of such sources shall
be the abi.l.l.ty to produce materials of the quality and in the quantity
required.
B. Portland Cement; Cement of the type specified shall conform
to requirements of the current ASTM Speci-
ficatic na for Portland Cement-. 'T'ype I or 1XI (Degignation CW1.50) for
Air-Entraining Portland Cement. Type TA or T11A (Designat'f.on C-175)
Type I and TA shall be supplied unless Type 111 or MA (11igh-E;asiy--
2-1
St,rongl:h) are specified,. Cement which for any reason haj become
partially soh or which c:ontalns lumps of caked cemernt shall be re.
jotted„ l i.ther, pack.ayed or bulk content may be uslod.,
C.'., !1cMg12qA-t:Rs-A All fine and ceoarso aggrogal.oc1 for conrro':c]
shall. moeL the aLandar.d r.oquiromen•.,; for
aggregn Los for concret,o pnvement of Lhe Texas I1i.c;hwr7y DepartmonL,
:t. Lern 3M
The aggrogal,o (br)l;h fine and coarse) shall be so handled
that: its moisture content and gYaduaH.on is reasonable uniform and
does not change appreciably from batch Lo batch or hour to hour',
No aggregates shall be used which have bor~ome mixed, while I
in storage, wiL-h foreign mat:erial.. Proton agr,-agae,;os or aggrec;at:es
containing frozen lumps shall be thawed before use.
L. Water: WaLor used in mixing or rruring concrete shall be
clean and free from injurious amounts of oil, acids,
salt, alkali or Drgani.c materials or other substances harmful to
concrete„ Water from public supplies or which iu (suitable for drinking
is always :satisfactory,
E. Roin~ nfoxcilicl SLeel; Reinforcing steal If specified shall
conto.rm #.:o the latcaL of>"C'M Spocifi
cation as fo.llown i
ASTM,_Uopigna -ion
Bars and rods Awls or A-16
GLeol wise fabr,io A- 185
Tie bars which are to be bent after one end is encased
in concrete shall be structural grade, Three eighths inch bars
pl.acr'~ on 18 inch centers shall be used for reinforcement.
2-3 Joints :
A. Expansions Jolnty,; Bxpnnai.on joints shall be non-extruding
prefor.rned joint fillers of one of the
following typed: Redwood, cypress or cedar boards or premolded fiber,
and shall conform to ASTM Designation D544 & AA8110 Designations M-33,
M-58 & M-59 Standard Specifications.
B. ;joint Sealing gaund: Sealing material for filling all
types of paveme3nL joints shall.
comply with AA8110 Standard SpecificzlAons (Designation M-89 or. M-18).
C. Premolded Joint Mat;eria),r. p,remolded x,eart:ing strips when
2-2
called for on the pl-in be 3/1c) Inch Lhi(.k or more and of
the width shown on the h.lana.. phey shall cgrA!,'Ins c)f vL-;Iwhich
have been formed Crom .1:aynk of IelL or all?oddoci feIL, r.an., wood
or other. suitablo rlbor r socuroly bound t:og(il her and uniformly
improgna Led wf.t.h a suL'LaL-)]c, bi.ndor They shol l be of such characLer
Lhall they wta1, nol. be perinanontly deformed by ordinary handling
during hoL wc&Lher or become hard and bril.t.lu •n cold weather,
U. Metal Supo,?j•1;3i Metal ch:trlg used Io support tiebars or
roinrorcing bar:3 tihall be channel
.shaped, pr'ossod ouL of shoe L. steel of not .lo,r:a than twelve (12)
gauge (U.S. Std.,) metal, and conforming Lo doi.a.ils shown on the
pla nu.
U MaLor:laI~i Cdr Cu;_inei (:`anc rote Y Burlap Shull at time of
using be in good condition,
free from holoo, dir L, clay or. any other subotance;3which would
hvzve a deieter.ious of o .L upon concrete, Burlap shall be of such
quality ghat it will 7bsorb water; readily when dipped or sprayed
and ohal:l wcl.c7h not less than 7 oz. por squaro yard when clean
and dry„
Wator,proof piper for curing concroLe shall conform to the
current AS9!M of AAS140 Specifications for Waterproof Paper for
curing C..oncroLe (0--171 and M-139, rospoulAvely) ,
Membrane curing compounds shall be the whiLo-pigmented
type and c,)nf,)rm to the roquir.ements for the current AASHO Standard
Spec i.CicaLi;ans for I.-iquid Mernbrano'•ror.ming Compounds [or Curing
ConcrotE. (Dealgnat,i,on, M-148).
Wlaj.tca 1'o_ly jLiylene_ShgoIAngr White polyethylene sheotin1
shall ccnsi.s+ of a single shoot having a thiokness of not less than
4 mills (000411). Moisture retention shall conform to the require-
ments of ASTM Specificationr3 - Designation C-156 except that Air-
>nLr.aining PorLland Cement; shall be used in the mortar. Tho
material, shall be t.esLod for Lcnsile strength and elongation as
prescribed in Lhe current. ASTM SI)ocificaLions Designation D-882-
Method A.
2-4 Mixing and Placino t
A. ML~hljx.,r Measurement and batching of cement, fine and
coarse aggregates shall be by weight on scales
accur,aLe to within of one percent. One sack of cement shall be
considered to weigh 94 pounds note Bulk cement and cement from
fractional sacks shall be weighed.
Tho minimum cement content shall not be less Lhan
5.0 backs (93 pounds per sack) pee cubic yard or concrete. The
max.i.muin size aggregaLe shall not exceed ono- fourLh (k) of the
slab thieknesa, The maximum waLor cont-enL tihta.l 1. nut exceed 6.50
gallons per sack of comoni., including the ourface waL'er on thn
aggregate.
F., Consistency; The Slump of the concroLo shall be from
one (1) to three (3) .inchAs, as determined
by the Engineer. If the slump Is leas than one (1) I.nch, tho
amount of water shall be increased until the slump is more th?n
ono (1) incht nor more than throo inches, increasing the cement
at the hdme so that the amount of water per sack of cement does
not exceed that amount specified, The consistency shall be mea-
sured as described in the current ASTM Standard Method of Slump
'l'est of Consistency of Portland Coment Concrete (Designation C-113),
or the method of test for ball penetration for, rJpr.tland cement
concrete ASTM Designation 360,
C. Workab:i.].`tZ1 ConereLe shall at all times be of such
consistency that it can be worked into
acrners and angles of the forma and around joints, dowels, and
tiebars by the consL-ruction ,ttethods usod without excessive spading,
segregation or undue accu.nulatian OF water or ].aitance on the
surface.
Joh_P%iixed Concrete Job mixed concrete shall be mixed
in a drum mixer wi.lch shall con-
form Lo the concrete pvving mixer sL-andards of the Mixer Manu-
facturers i3ureau of the Associetted General Contractors of America,
The mixer shall be capablo of combining the aggregates, cement:
and water into a thoroughly mixed and un.ifKaem mass within the
specified time, and of discharging the material without segregation.
The entire contents of thr drum shall be discharged before recharging,
The volume of the mixed materials per batch shall not ex,jaed the
manufacturer's rated rapacity of the mixer more than twenty (20)
percent.
i. Time of Mixing- The mixing of each batch shall continue
for not lose than one minute after
all materials, excepting water, are in the mixer, All mixing
water shall be introduced in the drum before one-fourth (k) of the
mixing time has elapsed. Tho mixer shall rotate at the rate
recomm nded by its manufacturer.
The mixer shall bo provided with a batch timing
device which shall be subject to inspection and adjustment by
the Engineer at any time,
2-4
2-5 Roady-Mixed Concretel Ready-mixod concro..:o shall be mixed
and Lransporterl in accordance with
the current ASTM Specification for Ready-M:i.xcxi concrete (Designation
C-94) . Any concrote which is not plastic anri workable when it
rOLichoH' thr- subgrado, shall be rejected.
When construction conditions are i;i.wh -hat it is
absolutely necessary for trucks hauling concrete to operate on
t:hu grade between forms they shall not back ovor previously
doposiLod concrete. Vibrall.on of the entire dopLh of slab and
odUas may be required, iC so deemrd by the Bn(li.noor.
Itetni.xi.srr,L Concrete or mk.-rtar ;.)at has HLiffonod but not
set may be used after remixing if, it is plastic
enough to bo uompacLed in Lho forms. WaLer must not be added
,t time of i,emixing.
1,-6 Forms: Forms sha' I bo made of metal and r3hal.l have a depth
equal to or greater than the prnHcribod edge thicknesu
of the pavement slab, excepL when curb form is added after machine
finishing. They shall hav+) a base width of not less than eight
(8) inches for all forms eight. (8) inches or more in height. All
side forma less than eight (8) inches height shall, have a base
width of nos less than six (6) inches. The minimum length of
each section of form used shall be ten (10) foot, Each section
of form shall be straight-, free from bonds or warps.
't'he maximum deviation of the top surface of any
isocLi.on shall not exceed ono-eighth (1/8) inch, or the inside- face
not more thin one-fourth meth from a straight line. The
mtat:hod of connection hetween fsocti.ons shall be such that the joint
thus formed shall be froe from movement in any direction. Forms
Hhall be of such cross-section and strength and so sccurod as to
resist the pressure of the concrete when placed, and the impact..
and vibration of any oqu' pinunL• which they support, without spri.ngi.ncf
or settlement,
Each Len (10) foot, length of form shall. have at least
three (3) form braces and pin socRoLs which shall be spaced at
intervals of not more than five (5) feet-, having the end brace
and socket not more than six (6) inches from the end of the form.
Approved flexible forms shall be used for construction where the
radius is 150 feet or Loris.
Setting Dorms, 'rho subyr.ade under the forms shall, be com-
pacLed and cut to grado rso that the form
when set will be uniformly supported for its entire length at the
• 2--5
eIovat.i.on. Dorms shall be -joined neaLly and in such a mannor that
the joi.nLi are free from play c>r movemenL i.n any direction tbrms
shall be,, sct, as herein specified, for aL lociol_ ane day'ts con-
sLrucLion ahoad of the actual. placing of Lhe c,oncrote, 'i'fao supply
or forms shall be sufficient: to Permit k:hc.i.r roirra.i.ning In pl.arc
for aL .l ;asL 12 hours after the concrete hats boon placed . All
forms shall be cleaned and oLl.ed each time Lhoy arc used,
.Grade and ALIT ramen!t:_.: The al.ignmenL and tirade elevations of the
forms ,hall be chocked by the conLracLor
and the nouesraary earrocL.i.ons made by the cont.racLor invedi:aLoly
before plauirs;t Lhe concrctU. When any form has been disturbed or
any subgrade Lhera under ha~a became rnnstable, the form shall. be
ro5 t nd rechecked.
2-7 PlacinLj' C:onc,reLe Tho conereto shall be mixed in quantities
required for immediate use and shall be deposited on the subgrade
to the required depth and width of the construction lane in suc-
cessive batches and in a conL-inuous operation without the use of
intermediate forms or bul.khoads. The concrete shall be placed as
uniformly as pogsiblo in order to minimize the amount of addiL•i.onal.
spreading nece isar.y, While being placed, the concrete shall. be
spaded or vibrated and comjaac:L•ed with suitable tools so LhaL tho
formation of voids or honeycomb pockets are prevented. The con-
crete shall be e:special.l.y well spaded or v~braLod and Tamped againsL
the forms and alone all joints. Care shall be taken in the dis-
tribution of the concroLe Lo deposit a sufficient volume along tho
outside form liners so illicit the curb qecLlon can be con<sol.idated
and finished simultaneously with the slab where .integral curb
consLrurl.ion is specif.ted.
No concrete shall be placed around manholes or other
structures until they have been braughL- to the required grade and
a 1 i g ninon t
2-8 Cold Weather_ Concreting:.. Except by specific w;i.Lten author-
izaLion, concreting shall cease
when the descending a Lr tompora Lure in the shade and away from
artificial heat falls below 40 dogroes 11. It shall. not be resumed
until the ascending air temperature in L-he shade and away from
artificial heat rises Lo 35 dogr.ces l'.
2-9 Conso.lldaLi~4AU and Finn shinlf t
General.,-,-, The pavomrnL shall be struck oft: and consol.idnted
wiLla is morFhanica
.1. finishing moohino or~ by htand-
finighing methods,, Whon a mechanical finishing machine Is used,
the concrete shall be struck off al: such a hc.ighL that aft.or
ceUnsolidaLiun and final Cinishiny it shal.l, l,u ,aL the exact calsvaLion
r
2-16
as shown on the plans. A depth of at .least. 2 inches of concrete
shall be curried in front. of the sLrike-off ocrord for the full
w.id,:h of the slab, whenever the screed is boJ.ncJ used to strike
off the pavement.,. The finishing machine shall be provided with
a Cteod which will c,onsolidats the concreL. liy pressure. The
concrete shall, through t.hc us,a of this machl,no, be brought to
a true and even surface, free from rock pockets, with the fewest
poasibl.e number of passages of the machine. The edge of the
scroods along the curb line may be notched out to al 'ow for
sufficienL concrete to form, the inLogral our)),, tkand-finishing
tools shall be kepL avail=able for use in case the finishing
machine breaks (town.
.
When hand finishing is used, the pavomonL shall be struck
off and c,on~~,iolidaLed, by a vibration scrood to the exact elevation
as shown on the plan,,;.. When the forward tnot.i.on of the vibrating
i;c:reed is stopped the vibrator Pa,al.l be shut: off, it, shall noL
be :111owed to idle on the concrete.
2..10 Loncri.Ludina:l. FloaLllncr- After the concreLo has been struck
off and conrsol.i.daLoci it shall be
further smoothed by means of a longitudinal floaL. If a mechan-
ical longitudinal float is not used a longitudinal hand float
rihall be operated from fool: bridges spanning the pavement and
shall be worked wJ.{:h a wiptncj motion, paral.lcrled to the pavement
conLerline, and passing from one side of Lho pavement to the other.
Movement ahead along Lhe conLorline of the pavement shall be in
successive advancer, of not more than ~ of the length of the float.
Tho.. float shall be not less than 12 toot in length and 6 inches in
width and shM.1 be properly :itiffoned and provided with handles
'it each end
2-1.1 Scra. Mina,: After the passage of the longitudinal float, the
pavement shall be scraped with a straight edge
10 feet .long, equipped will, <t handle Lo por.m.i.t it to be operated
from the ('edge of the pavement,. The straight edge shall be operated
&,o that any excess waLor and laitance are removed from the surface
of the pavement,
2-12 SLraiahtedgit7g; After ttie longgi.l.ud.inal floating and scraping
havo b,o*c completed and any excess water
removed, but while the concrete Is still plan ;Lisa, the slab surfar,
shall be tested for amoothness with a 10 fooL straightedge swung
from handles 3 feet longer than one-half the width of the Hlab.
'('ho straightedge shall bo placed on the sur fac o. parallel to the
centerline of Lhe pavornent. and at noL worn than 5 feel i.nLervals
tr an over,aol.y. Afl:or each Lost the straightedge shall be moved
forward one-half its length and the operation repeated. When
irregularities are di,,eoverud Lhey shall au coraoc:ted by adding
or removing concre,tca. All disturbed places t+ha.ll be floated with
2- "1
lr~
a wooden float not less than .3 feel long and not. l.css than 6 .inches
wide, and again sl.raaLc~hl:edged- The pavement surface shall. have no
depression in which wal.er will. ,,Land.
The use of the .long-handled wood floaLas 4-11u111 be confined
to :.a minimum. They may bo used behind Lhe l.onq' tud.i.nal float to
correct surface unevenness not. Laken care of by I.he longitudinal
float:,, but shall not be used to float the -:-i .i.i e surface of the
pavement in liau of or supplementing Lhe uae at' Lhe longitudinal.
f loa L-
2- 13 Ldclinc i Isefore final finishing iq complcLod and before the
concrete has taken its initial ioL, the odges of
the slab and curb shall be carefully fi.nishod With an edger of the
radiua shown on the plans,
2-14 Final Surface Pini h; A burlap dra:j shall be used as the
final finishing method. The drag
shall be at. least. :3 foot. in width and long enough to cover the
ent.l.re pavement wid(.h. 'IL shall bo kept- olean arid saturated
while in use,. It shall be laid on the atir.facc of the pavement
and dragged forward in the direction in which L110 PtIVL(nonL is
being laid. ],he Curb shall. have the vaine final finish 3s the
pavement.
The final surface of Lhe concrete pavement and curb shall
have a uniform gril;Ly Lexture free from e!h<cessi.ve harshness and
true to the g °ades and c roes-- ~ioction shown on the plans. The
Enginoor may roquiro c:hani a3 in tho final finishing procedure as
required to produce the dog ired final surface LexLuire.
Pho Cinished surface of the curb and gutter shall be
cheakod by the use of the 10 foot: str..tairhtodqra and corrected
if nocoesary. While the concreLe i,o at.{' 1.1 plast:,.a the drain-
age at: Lho ga•LLc,,-r. should be c:hcclcecl by pouring water at the
,gutter summi- and observing Its flow to Lho nlet. In order.
Lo prevent damage to Lhe concri~Le vurface, water should bo poured
oral.o a p.leco of burlap or curt.ng pap?r,
2-1.5 Cul-irag I Concrete ,hall he cured by pr.otocting it against
lows of niolgLure, rap.i.d Lempora Lure change;, and
from r.ain, flowing water, and mechanical .t!rjury for. a period
of not loss than 5 days; from His beginning of t;ho curing oper.-
at:i.on. Moist curing, waterproof paper., white p lyethyleno
sheeting, liquid membr.'anci a ompouncl or a c'omb.i.n,ation thereof
may be used for curinci. [rtinusdi_aLely aCLer, finishing operation.,;
have been completed, Lhe enl,ire aur.taco of the newly laid
concrete shall. bo covernd by the curlnq_ mod:i.um which is appli-
cablo to l.ocal concli tion5 and approvocl by t-Alo l ncfi.neer.
2- F3
The edge of concrete s.lr,,bs exposed by Lhe roninva.l. of: forms
shall be protected i.mmedlale-ly Lo provide t.hat3e taurfaces with
ctnLinuous curing Lreatit3ent: equal to Lhe meLhcxi 3elecLed f°or
curing tho Slab sur'Cace and !.o prevent : njury Lo pavement edges.
The u:7e or' a c•.7ver .ng mr L•or al. whA.Ch contains or be-
comes con Lamina Led wirh ,a iclar in any form, Laran.i.c acid, or any
other substanco:`. consi.dored dot.r.i.montal to por.t.land cement will
not be pe.t'mi,LLCd. 't'he .t.ni.L.i.al. curing medium Hhal.l be affective
and shall be app.licid t3o e:s Lo prevenL• checking, cracking, and the
appearance of dry spotty i.n the surface of the concrete, ".'he
contractor shal.l have Lhe equ.i.pnaenL needed for. adocqutaLe curing
aL hand and ready Lo install boforo actual concroLo placelT3e111L
begins, In all oase.3 an which the curing medium requires the
a.ase of water, the cueing ahal.l have prior right Lo all water
supply, railurc 4w prov.i.de +uffi.c.i.enL cover maLerial of the
type sel.ecLed, fal,lure Lo maintain saLuraLion for the entire
curing period in the moiht curing mcLhods, lack of water to
adequately -ire for both curing and oLhor requirements, or
oLher fai.jLlret3 to comply wi.Lh curing r.equi.r.ements shall be cause
for immediate suapcnsi.on of concreting operations.
Mol'A curirly Mo)-.9I. cuxing shall bo accomplished by
covering of burlap, cotton teats, or other
approved fabric, tnat., used ,3i.ngly or .i,n combination,
wring r3ats shall be Lhorou3lhly wuff when applied and
kept continuously wet and in i.ntimato con Lac L- with the pavement
surface for the duration of the tnoisL curing period. other
fabric viats shall conform in design and Shall provide a curing
111001um at 10a 6L 0(11,1,11 I.o maLs. CotLon mats, other fabric mats,
and burlap stripes ,-flhal.l be furnishod in the widths or
ler,gLhH,
after shrinkage, required to cover the enLir.o width and edgc,s
of the pavement lano, Ma Ls of burlap shall be lapped at ;joints
bctwr>en adjacenL tihoet.s Lo prevent drytng of this location.
Maul-. airing when used .3,> a.na Li 3.l during ahal.l be continued for
nof: loos than LwcnLy--f0W 110ur53.
WaLerproof laer Cur I11511 The burfacc of the concrete Shall
be wetLed with a fine spray of
water and then covered wi.t.h Lho waterproof paper, 't'he piper shall
be in pieces l.nrrle enough to c.ovur Lhe enLi.rc wic9th and edger of
the slab and shall be lapped not less than twelve (12) inches.
Paper shall he adocluat.ely Wei.-clat.ed to provonL displacemenL or
billowing duo to wind. Paper folded down over the side of the,
pavement odges shall be secured by a conLinuovs hank of earth.
Tcars or holap appearing in Lho papas during the curing period
shall be i.mmediaLely repairod.
2, 9
White Polyelllylenc_ 5hec Ll.ncl s White polyethylene sha.11 moot:
the sprc t f i.ca Lions undor
Section 2.3F.
Liquid Membrane Cur inq Compound i Whil.o pigmented liquid
mcmbrano curing shall.
moot thespecificaLions under Section 2.,3E. '11-w curing compound
must- be applied to cover the surface compleLcly and uniformly
aL a rate wh.icli will achievo the performance requirement spo-zilied
in AAS1I0 Sped fi.ca t.ions M-148. This method of curing shall be
applied immediately behind the final finishing operation or at-Loy
the initial curing when a Combination of methods are used. Pail-
ur.c to provide compIcLe and uniform covera< o at. the required
r.at.e will be cause f:or d,isrontinuancc of t:hi.s motho•l of curing
and the substitution of one of the oLhor approved inothods. The
compound shall be kept. a l.Lated to prevent the pigment from
rattling. Special dare Shall be taken to apply the curing com-
pound to the tpavomcnt edges nmmediaLoly afF:oY than forms have been
removed.
2-16 Joints-.- Longitudinal and transver.so join Ls shall. be con-
structed as shown on the plans,
Long.tLud .nal. joints are those joi.nU4 parallel to the
lane of construction. They may be, either .i.nter.meciate center
joints or Lhe congLruction joi.nt.s betwoon const.rucLi.on lanes.
'T'ransverse joints shall be contraction joints or con-
struction joints. C'onstrucfton jo:i.nLs are put in transversely
where evor consLruction opcral:i.ons require them.
Expansion join':s may be either l.cnyiLudinal or trans-
verse. They {are used only where specifically shown on the plans.
The edges of t•hc pavement. and those joints where such
edgir'g is shown on the plans shall be r.oundod with an edger having
a radius of not largor than 1/6 inch, 7'r,ansv0rye joints caxcept
keyed and tied construction joints shall be continuous across
Lhe entire paved area ine:Judi.ny Lho curb.
A. 't'ransverse -joints. Transverse joints shall be con-
traction, expansion or construction
joints. ContracLiun and expansion joints shall be placecl as
indicated on the plans and construction joints where ever construction
may require them. They shall make a right anylc with the Uenterli.ne
of the pavement and eiurfaccz of thn subyrado.
Transverse Ex pan s .ora Join_!,s s Expansion joints, where
shown on the plans shall
conform to the specificaLion in Section 2.3A. 'l'hoy shall extend
the aiaixo width cf the pavowent: and from Lhe subgrado to one- (1)
2-1.0
inch below the surface of Lhe pavement. They shall be of the
dimensions and spacing as shown on tho plans, The filler shall
be held accurately in place during the placi.nq rind finishing of
the concrete by a bu.l.khead, a metal channel Cap or other approved
method.
Under no circumstances shall any concrete be leiL above
the expansion mater:io l or across the joint at any point. Any
concrete spanning the ends of tho joint next to the forms shall
be carefully cut away after the forms are removed.
Before the pavomonL is opened to traffic the groove
above the filler shall be c.l.eanod and sealed wl-Lh specified
joint sealing material covered under Section 2.313,
Transvorse ConLraetion 0oints: Transverse contraction
jointF shad be of the
sawed, formed dummy groove ck premolded strip typo,
Transverse SawedContracti.on Joint : When transverse con-
traction joints are
to be formed by sawing, cart, must bo taken to saw the grooves
soon after placing to prevent the formation of cracks due to
contraction of the slab. All transverse joints shall be sawed
at least 1/4 of the slab depth. Any prooodur.e for sawinj joints
that results in prcmaLure and uncontrolled cracking shall be re-
vised immediately by adjusting the Lime interval. between the
placing of tbo concrete and Lhe cutting of the joints.
Transverse Pormed llur>tinv Groove Joints: Transverse dummy
groove joints shall
be formed by a groove or cleft in the top of the slab of the dimen
lions shown on the plans. The groove made in the plastic concrete
by a suitable tooling device, shall extend v~rtlcally downward one-
f'ourth of the slab depth from the surface and shall be true to line,
'transverse Promol.ded SL ~~Joints~ Transverse promolded
strip ;joints shall be
of the proper dimensions as shown on the plans. 't'he premolded
filler is placed in a verLicaI groove formed to receive it. The
Lop of the filler should be flush with the pavement surface.
't'ransverse ConstrucL-ion ,joints: Transverse construction
joints of the type shown
on the plans shall be placed wherever Lhe placing of concrete is
suspended for more that: thirty minutes, A butt tyke joint with
dowels shall be used If the joints occurs aL the locsL-ion of a
contraction joint, Keyed joints with Liebars are use.:' if the
joint occurs at any other locaLion.
2-11
Dowels: If joints are to be equipped wi.Lh dowels they
shall be of the dimension and aL the spacing and
location indicated on the plans, They shall be li.rmly supported
in place, accurately aligned parallel to the pavement grade and
the centerline of the pavement by means of a dowel support which
will remain in the pavement and will insure that the dowels are
not displaced during construction, one-half of each dowel shall
be painted and greased and in expansion joints one and shall be
equipped with a tight fitting sleeve.
B. Longitudinal Joints, Longitudinal joints shall be
placed as shown on the plans,
They shall be of the sawed, dummy groove premolded strip, or the
keyed construction type. Joints between construdtion lanes shall
be the keyed construction type, or as shown on plans,
Longitudinal Center Joint; Longitudinal center joints
shall he of the sawed,
formed duinmy groove or premolded strip type,
Sawed Longitudinal Center Joints: Sawed longitudinal
center joints shall
be sawed gro+es made with a concrete sa~st after the concrete has
hardened. The saw out shall be at least one-fourth of the slab
depth. The joint may be sawed at any time prior to the time the
pavement is open to traffic. These joints are otherwise formed
in the same manner as the trahsverse sawed joints, Section 2,16B.,
.
Longitudinal. Formed Dummy Groove Jointed Longitudinal
dummy groove
joints are formed in the same manner described for Transverse
Formed Dummy Groove Joints, Section 2.16D.
Longitudinal Premolded Strip Joint: Longitudinal
premolded strip
joints are formed in the same manner described for 'T'ransverse
Premolded Stri,P Joints, Section 2.16A.
Longitudinal. Construction Joints: Longitudinal con-
structlon joints
(i.e., joints between construction lanes) shall be of the dimen-
sions shown on the plans. The key shall be constructed by placing
a dolormed metal plate against the form when the first lane
adjacent to she joint is placed. This metal plate shall be re-
moved with the form. When placing the second slab, care must be
taken that no concrete is left to overhang the lip formed in the
first slab by the edging tool.
Tiebarss Tiebars or tiebolts when shown on the plans
2-12
s
shall, be of deformed steel and of the dimensi.onri and at the
spacing specified, TLebars shall be firmly --,upporLed by subgr.adu
Chairs or so installed as not to bo disp.laC(jd during construct-i.on
opera I.i,ons,
Joint Soalor; Af!:er. Lhe outiny pnr.i.cx) x1.11 sawed and
^ dummy groove Ioi.nl;fj ,n the pavement
shall be cleaned and ooalod with material. MO(!. 'g the requirements
of Section 2,5D. All, foreign material, ,joiriL r,awing residue,
dirt and curing membrane shall. be removed, )o.i.nl:s shall be slightiy
underfill.ed (approx, one-fourth inch) to prevent- extrusion of
sealer, Any excess material should be removed from the pavement
surface as soon after sealing as possi.bio.
2-17 Co1rl _Wea Cher E~rotec t_ion i When concrete is being placed
in colt) weather and Lnmpera-
ture may be cxpecLod to drop below 35 degrees f',, a supply of straw,
hay, insulated curing blankets or other suitable material shall
be provided along the line of the work, At any time when the air
temperature may be expected to reach the freezing point during the
day or night, tho material so provided shall be spread over the
concrete to a sufficieni. depth to prevent freezing of t-he concrete,
Concrete shall be protected from freezing tempo:aLures until it
is at least 5 days old, Concrete injured by frost: act,Lon shall
be removed and replaced at Lbe contractor's exponso,
2-18 i?rotecLit~n ~u1d gpan~ia~c~ to Tralf_ic. The contractor shall
protect- the pave-
menL against all damage prior to final accoptanco of the work by
the owner, Traffic shall be excluded from the pave ment by or.ecting
as,d maintaining barricades and signs until the concrete is at
least seven days old,
2-13
SL(","I.-ON No, 3
T'YPL 111311 PAVE1MLNT
3-1. Construction ReuiremenLs~for hntbankmr!nLr
A. ProparatLon_for Pricings Pr.tor to J)Iacing any embank-
ment inaLortal., the area upon
which It is to be placed shall be scarified or roughened by
plowing to a depth of aix (6) inches with furrows in general to
be parallel. to existing contours or perpendicular to the natural
slo,po or the ground. it is essential that Lhe ground be in a
roughened condition to provide nord bond when the first lift of
ombankment is planed, watered and rolled to roquiral moisture
and density specified,
1't, 1_ aci3jq ElrnbanKnionL., io embankment; shall be constructed
to the elevation, lines, grades,
and slopes shown on the drawings, and as staked on the ground by
the Engineer..
No frozen maLerial shall be placed in any por'Li.on of
the embankment. nor shall. maL•erials be placed on a frozen suL'face.
No roots, trash, or debris will be allowed in the embankment.
After the subgrado or base has been prepared as described above,
the placing of embankment material. shall proceed as follows:
Upon the wetted subgrade, suitable earthen material
shall be placed in horizontal .layers, not to exceed six (6) inches
in thickness, loose, and levelod by road grader, bulldozer, or
other approval means. lsach layer shall be thoroughly and uniformly
wetted to approximately optimum moisture content to obtain maximum
density In the embankment. The embankment shall. bo compacted
with a sheopsfoot type roller, water, and/or sane] ballasted, having
tamping feat uinformly staggered over its cylindrical surface and
equipped with cleatrers. ';ramping foot shall be round, diamond, or
square shaped with a face area of not less than five (5) nor more
than seven (7) square inches, The roller shall be capablo of
exerting a fors pressure of one hundred seventy-five (175) pounds
per square inch of bearing area when ballasted. Roller as specified
by the Texas Highway Department. will, be acceptable, provided
sufticilont ballnsL Is used to obtain the above specified foot
pressure. Other types of rollers capable of obtaining L-ho. desired
compaction may be used subject: to the approval of the Engineer.
At, places where impoysibl.o to rol.l embankm-nL with roller,
material shall be hand or mechanical tamped until, the compaction
is Laual. to the 95 percent Pr.ocLor Density,
Rolling shall. be, done on alternate areas, so as to
keep the.: roll-ors constantly busy and suc;,essi,ve trips or paths
3-1
of the rollers shall overlap not less than ont (l.) foot. 7'he
roller shall pass over each part of every layer a minimum of
eight (8) passes, but in no case shall the doiwi,I.Ly of the com-,
patted layer be less than 95 percent of Pr.oct.or. Density. one
(l.) pass shall constitute the passing of one (1) roller in one
(l.) direction over any area with one overlap over the path of the
proceeding roller.
3-2 Preparation of Subgrade;
Description) After, removing all material to top of sub-
grade as shown on the flans, the subgrade
shall be scarified to a depth of six (6) inches, !Full depth will
be six (6) inches and width shall be from back of curb to back
of curb. A high-speed rotary mixer, such as a Seamon-Andwal.l
Pulvimixor, will. follow until all clay clods will pass a one (1)
inch screen and 60-75 percent of the subgrade material will parrs
a No. 4 oleve. Prior to final compaction an accurate moisture
content test will be made and the material brought to optimum
moisture.
Appli.caLi.on of Lime. Lime shall be applied to the prepared
subgraclc so that the initial operation
can be completed dur.incl the same clay. '['he application of the lime
in the subgrade shall. h accomplished by the method hereinafter
called the "slurry method", or dry placement method. The porcont:-
age of lime to be applied to the subgraclo will be detc,rm.i.ned by the
City Engineer.
Where Lhe P. 1. of the subgrade material is twenty X20)
or below, no lime will be required.
:initial Mixing With a Disk harrow or Pulvi.mixert Will follow
I
lime appli.-
cation immediaLely. After initial. mixing, the subgrade will be
lightly compacted with a pneumatic rollor to protect against rain
damage. The subgrade will be allowed to cure from twenty-four (24)
to forty-eight-. (48) hours to permit clay clod disi.ntorgration,
Final Compac tlax_ Shall be accomplisher) by rolling first
with a tamping type (sheepsfooL) roller.
Rolling with a shaepsfoot roller shall be followed by a pneumatic
roller. The subgrad-e will be compacted from the bottom tip to at
].east 95 percent of SLan~lnrd Proctor. Moisture density tests will
be made continuously during compaction with the material being
kept at optimum moisture.
After, final CompacLion flaw been attained, the subgrade shall
be moistened, if necessary, shaped
3-2
to final lines, grades, and cross-sec Lion unif.or.m surface, free
from compaction planes. vollow.irl( j final. COMI)+tcLion and nhapi.ng,
the flexible base will be laid in the normal, manner.
3-3 Hydrated Lime Stabilized Ftcjxi.ble Base:_
llesc_ ri2Li .Li This material. can be obtaino(j locally From
several sources, and cons.i.asts of a clayey
gravel with a P. 1. of approxi.mat.ely fifteen to Lwenty-f..ive in its
natural state. Tho contractor shall. locate him source of supply
and have some independent- laUora.tory make sufficient tests to
determine the amount of hydrated lime to be added to produce a
material with a P. 1, of not over eitj;it. The contractor shall
have the above test run at his own expense.
The contractor shall be allowed to choose his own method
of mixing and applying the lime to ma L-eri.a l it it meets the approval
of the Engineer.
Placing Material in Roadway;, 'rho contractor shall he allowed
to choose his own moOlod of
stabilizing and placing the flexible base on the roadway, subject
to ♦Lhe approval of the Engineer, however, the contractor must
submit his method of operation to the Engineer in writing before
starting operations.
Material Source. The contractor shill select his own source
of material, pay ;ill royalty, keep pit in
condition satisfactory to the land owne7:, care for all fencoo, ,gates,
roads, stock, or anything that might affecL• the :Land owner. 'the
City of Denton will. noL be responsible ror any damage in any way
which might affecL Lhe 'Land owner..
Material; The processed material, when properly slaked and
tested by a standard laboratory teat, shall, meet
the following requirementsi
Passing two (2) inch scr.oon 100%
ReLained on forty (40) mesh sieve 50 to 85%
The material passing the forty (40) mesh sieve slat-ill be
known as soil binder and shall meet the following requirements,
a,:ter application of limei
'rho liquid limit :shall. not exceed thirty--five (35).
The plastic index shall not exceed eight (8).
`rho linear shrinkage shall not exceed five (5).
It will be the respon,:Abi.liLy of the contractor to see
• that all material which has bean placed in the roadway meets the
3-3
,
specifications, Material which is found not. moot the specifi-
cations, given though s
11
ame has already boon Wul,tod and rolled in
place in roadway, the Coll L.ractor Will be regnl)'od to move and re-
place with good material,
gttiipment Required', Regardless of the method used, the con
t:racL-or shah have FIE10-sfactory equ.ipmont
to do the work as shown on plans. Regardloss of which method of
construction is used, a pulvimixer, a ten Lon pneumatic roller and
a ten ton tandem flat. wheel roller must be available to secure a
satisfactory job.
Clydratvd Lime ]'he hydrated l:i.lne to be, used on this job shall
conform to the following roquirenionts as to
chemical composition
'.Dotal alkali.n.il:y of an as-r.tviceived sample, calculated as
percent by weight of Cao,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Minimum 72.0
Loss on ignition of an as-recoi.vod sample, three houre
at 2,000 degrees F., percent by weight.... Minimum 23.0
Maximum 26,5
Carbon dioxide content, of an ac-received sample, caluu-
laLed as percent by weight of',C02......... Maximum 5.0
The percentage rcoidtle of hydrated lime for soil stabil-
ization purposes shall. conform to the following requir.e-
ments:
Residue reLailled on a No, l:'rirLy (590 micron) sieve,
percent by wiA:Jh~ . ..........Dlakimum 1. 0
Material Sourcccj: The contractor shall, produce the specified
material from local pits such sources
must, however., be davelopcd aL the contractor'; ioxpen;te and are
subject to pr.i.or approval by the Engineer. The contractor must make
arrangements for obLai.ning n fl-,urial. at the selecLed Hite and shall
also beer any royal_Ly c:xpun<,c conncci'ed with the obt:€rinincl of such
maL.ot:ial. 'I'heFic pi.ts,, if uLil.ixed, shall be opened up in such a
mv.nner as to ii med:i.aLel_y expose the vertical. faces of all of tho
various Sara La If i.1Ccopt0).>le ma tcrial, and unless oL•herwihc directed,
the Material. sYI:al.l be :30c.u)-od (by ;)Iasting !.f nocessary) 1.11 success-
l:ul, vertical cuLs oxLcndi.nci through all of Lhr exposed strata.
Lime Applli.cat,i.on: After contrac'.•sr has w locted his mater.i-J
aourcO, he ;rltall have suff.iciQht samplcS
run by independent labornLot.y o'. his expense I:o determine the por-
c ant of l.A.me Lo loo nddod to secure Lho above results as to ."l..i.quid
limit", "plasticity index" and linear shrinkage".
r
1-n
(lolls Lructiorl ,`7 Lhoclb No cUr'h or quUer sttal.l bo la.f.d unLI-I
r4ubgr<^,(lo 1laf 1)C1(?I't Je<lra.fi.o(l, Wettcad,
roI Lod and compacted. 1,110. (;itrh and 'cutter Filial l roost on top of U' e
aotsittacta(j vtlbgr.aclo and w)L Lo grade as shown on Lhe plans,
Qoti)ac LirtLt~d niishJ,ilr11 Aftor Lho maLerial has been properly
rtpr'ad, it shall be sprinkled, rolled
and bladed until thormigh.ly compacted to It loaul; 95 percent. of Stand-
ard Proctor. During Lho process of compacL.i.onrs, waLar shall be
appli.od In such a manner as to tila.l.nl.l.i.n optimum moisture in the maL-
aria.l and the base courao shall ])a bladed Fitt f; H. clan tl.y to Insure a
U111COYttt dl.Str.i.buH.on of baae maLor.Lalh ztad i_t rsmooLll uniform surface,
true to section and (jrado:s osl-abli.tshod ei[Lor final compacL.i.on. Com-
paation shnl..l be accomplishod by rol.l.ing first with a Lailp ng type
(sheep sfooL•) conforming to Lho plclvlsions of paragraph following
under `I'aiiipl,nq Type Rollor. The rul..].os: shall not be allowed on any
ox.ist:ing pavomorlL, unless supported on it least: two 3" X 12" timbers,
In areas not accossi.blca Lo L.he roller, the brio material shall be
compacted wiLh mechanical [imports or other approvocl methods to
secure uniform compacL..i.on ovor t:ho entire pavud area. Rolling with
Liao shoopdfooL• roll.ar shall bo fol.l.rmad by the pnoutn6Lic. roller or
L' ,o 4roe wheel roller or both as clirocWd by Lh's l;igi.noor..
Throughout Lh t u entire opor.a Llon, the shape, of Lila ha so
cour3o shall bu ma i n l.a l nv'd by bl ad i,ng, anti I -ho bl ndinq and the
rolling s11a11. C.'011LlM10 Mid.l. Lho courso Ls Lhoroughly compac;Lod and
tha surface 1,13 gntoot:h and ill conf'orntl.Ly wjAh Lypical socL.i.ons shown
on Lila planu rind Lo Lhe Liners and cfr.adcFt uml. abl i oltad , ParU cular
care filial.. be oxcr.c.,Lsed at- valley guLLors Lo nocAQ flood drainage
and cosy riding acr.ocis Hie valley. If in Lho opinion of Lhci lsngirlecl-,
Lho maLcr 0.I. Dart lx: sjati:ilaclor:-ly compFtclad tsi.tlsouL Lhe arse: of the
Flhrcilm roe L• rot tar spoc i fled abolrc, Hic Lncl.i.nfse;' may au Lhor. lt,o com-
paction by other mi-.iLhods ar.ccpLable to Lila i!ngineor..
Throughoul. Lilt) cmLiro oparaLion, Lho shape of Lhe course
shall ba ntaintaineci by b1ndi.ng and (surface upon complet=ion, ;hall
be almooLh and i.n conformi.ty w1Lh the Lypica.l socLionta cihown on t=he
plans and estrabli.ahod i.inos and g.radeu. Any clovilLion in oxcess
of Hiroo-cight•.a (310) inch as shown by sl:rCaicflit cdcfo ox LomplaLo
shall be corrected by loosatii ncl, adding, or romov i.nci ma Ler. i.a 1,
reshaping and xmpmpaccing by sprinkling and rolling, fill :i.rroclu-
lar.iticss, (10111:00s.l01M Or weak spoLq which develop shall, be (jorrected
iamtediaLely by scari.fyinq Lilt) nroas al'facLed, addincl sslit:7ble mnl;-
arial nFS required, rarshaping and r.ocompacLiny by f;l,rinkling erica
rolling.
'l'ack Coati itmnediaLely following rinal compactiots, the
nsphal t• oniulsi.on prime coat or MC--I shall, hu
tlpplied at once. The Lack tuna: tshnlI be a cut back arsphalL mado
3.-
by Combining fifty Lo sevnnl:y '50-70) percent- r,f gasoline and or
korosone. The fi<sphalt:i.c maLorial shall meet I-hO requirements of
L.ho Item "Asphalts, oils, and L1muLs.i.onb", aN ;;prawn under Jtom 317,
'I'cxn s Il.ig}tway bepa r Lmen L
3-4 floL Mix Aspha l.tf.c~ C`.oucroto.
General This H-onl covers the confaLrur.Lton of a two (2)
,inch wear i.ng course of hot mi.x asphaltic concrete
GIs{ ;shown on t:he Plane, '1L, is Lhe intent of thin sspoc."ications
i.t, produce a mixture wlitch, whc:•n dosltgned and t.nskid an accordance
wi.Lh the f3,pocif1.Ca(.f.onm find nloLhods ouLl.ined i.n Texas Highway
Ucspr.u l:mc!nL, Itul.l.r.t..t.n c`-14, ;hza.l.l. coriforllt to item 317, "l1ot: Mix
A,iphalt.f.c C:)nc:ruL.o P<lv0111011 " of Llle Texas Highway UopartmenL. 'I'ho
Lwo (2) inch wearlnrl c,our:yc shal1 be Type "b hot mix asphaltic
oonr•,rc, Lo, with at .foal , t. fa f ty percent of Lhe aggr. oga Le having one
or more crushed facus. The Lack coaL- shall <-altm conform to ILom
317, Toxas Highway Departmont.
Ma L.eri_za l.ts
A. Ma.ttera l~Atm1s c << Le t
Tllc? rni.nerul. nc3groc;<ate shall bo composed of a CatlrNC;
a< grc(.1"a t.o and zl fine agc3rcigza tc , Samplos of coarsc aggroga Lo and
fine aclgr.oclato asltall be ;ubmI L•od in accordanco with the mothodu
proncri )(A ill 0 cafe Lho Standard ,SpecIJiuaLj.onrs, and approval
of bath mal-.or;hil sand of t.hcl t3our<0 ~ of supply mmit be obLa.i.ned from
Ill(! Llugi'lloot: prior Lo dolAvory,
k,l Coai'lHt- AE (f rc _l?Cat(: ;
I hc: coarc>e agcfrogfa L-o shall be
that pn r t of Lho lq(jraga Lo
reskai.n(3d oil V. No. 10 tnc!r3171 S:iOvef :shall. consi,,L of cl.oan, tough,
dul'ablc fragillonLs of 'ILollc, or grav(al, ar h(`-rafter rapocifind, Of
unlAorm qun)..i.t:y tht:ouclllout, i.L shall be pracLicall.y free from clay,
orgrani.c or ot,lior ilijurioua mal:Lor occurr:i.ntj either frog or as
cone hly on Lho atjgroga to . Mu t.o.r.1_a 1. rumoved )v decan tatlun
Ilul.i.Ctlll (1w11.) 1•Ihcal.l, not. sae snore than two percent ~,ixcopt %,Non thn
plamCic:i.L•y .i.ndox of the s-ctnlovad wale-lal. is Lens Lhan s.i.x, the
alflount may be a"', much CIL; four: porcallt. 'i'hc coarse aggregate Nball
hrlvc 711, ab iision of not. metres tltzln forLy (40) when NubjecLOCI to tho
Los Arte(Glmv, Abra;s.ion Tu!jL (AAS1io) '1'-96 For al.l typos excopt 't'ypo
"V,I (Noll -sk.1.d ,yurffac•e; ('oo1:stt), wh.l.crh 13 ha ll. hfsvo fin aka r.as.ion of not
more than LhlrLy-fi.vc (35) when Nub.}ocLed to the flame L•esL. If
gravel is used for Typo "II", .i l: sahal.l. bn No aruHho(l that one huncl-
rnd (1.00) perceW. of Lho pal:H,c.loo shall have more Ulan one orushod
' face,
(b) FkiE_Ac(cLt~ca3,7!ctt The fine aggr.ogato (-shall be Ghat
part of the aggrr-.gaL•e passing the
3--6
No. 10 mesh sieve and shall- (-onsi.sL• of sand or ILone screenings
or a combination of sand and stone scr0Orringrl, Sand shall be
composed of sound, cltlralr.Le sL•one particles fr(m from injurious
foreign matter. Screonin.!c s shall. be of Lhc s
Iorn( or similar mater-
lo l as spoca.fi.ocl for coa r uo aggrcga L•e. The pl oW.J.ci L•y index of that
par,l: of the fine aggrcgaLo passing the No. 40 rsl.cvo shall be not
more than six,
(c) .hli.neral Fill r 1 The mi.neral. f1.l ler shall consist
or Lhoroughly dry atone dust,
slate, dust, Portland Cement, or othor mineral dust approved by the
F,'nginoer,. The ml.noral. f.t llor shall. bo free from foreign and other
injurious ma L Lor ~ When C.o v Led by standard laboratory method,", J. L
shall meet the following gradl.ng roquirumonLs:
Passing a 30 mesh sir.Ve .........................100%
Passing a 200 mesh sieve, not less than......... 65%
Pavincr Mixture
po; The paving mixture shall consist oL a uniform mix-
tutu of corirse aggrcuaLo, fine aggregate and asphaltic
maLoria1. The grading of arch consULuenL of the mineral aggre-
gate uhall be such as to produce,, when properlyiproportionod, a
mixture which when Loo(.ed In accordanee wUh 13~lletin Ci14, will
conform Lo the: l.i.miLe ions ror master (rad.ing cji.von below for the
tyl.ac specified:
11' e 111)" i17e Gracle<l Sur face ewor set,
Passing 5/8" screen 100%
Passing 112" ocreon 97 to 100%
Passing 1/2" screen retain on 114" screen 25 to 50%
Passing 1/4" screen, raLain on 10 maHh ai.eve 15 to 35%
'1'oLul roLaluod un 10 mouh sl.ove 50 to 605/o
Passing 10 mesh sieve, retained on 40 mesh s.ievo 0 to 25%
Pasrsi.ng 40 mesh siov.,, roLain on 00 mesh sieve 5 to 25%
Passing 200 motsh Fsi.: vo 2 to 10%
The asphaltic. nlaLei:ial. slstil.l form From four to seven
clrttl one-half (7'%) percent; of the nrixt:ur.e by wieght.
a
application shall be made with an approved tyPo of self-propelled
pro8suro distributor so constructed and operigocl as to distribute
tho material evenly and smoothly in the quint-ALy specif-ied or dl,r-
ected. Cutback anphalt shall be applied at <i L•omperaturo between
125 dogroes and 175 degrees F.
3-6
7
SECTTON NO. 4
CONCRETE POR 5"PRUCTURES
I,c•llorr.als, C.la,is °A" concrete shzll.], be coillpo"ed of Pear{ 1~t nd
C'elllo'-.t., f.ina aggrecla L•.o, cUrir iIo.F tlggr.cga Lc` :lIId lyrl l (Ir,
prof r, ly propor. tionod and mixed as her oi,na i'l.or ;spec i. i'i od. UIr 1, r"! 18
ot.l)cirw.huo spocified or .indicated on i:ho plans, concrete shall
helvc:+ l 20 day compressive sLrongth of 3,000 pounds Por square i.nr.h'
4 1 MaLerialsi
A. Vorrtland Cement: Portland Coment: shall conform Lo
Lho ypoci f':h.-ai.onfl and For 'rypO
'I Porl:l.and t'amontt of the American Socci.oLy I'or ,'Vot.ILAllcj Malxur i.al
(Soo i ll. floc; l.gna L:i.on : (1.150--52). Comcn L Wia l l havo bar'~n shippod
from Lho mill not mono than thr.oo months provious Lo rooe.lpt oil
Chc work, `l'ho minimum coment cont:ont shall noL bo less Lhail
flvo slacks per cubic yard of concrete.
H. trine A_qciz,&e auto: Fine agctrogat;a >~hdll GompLll with Lhe
ASTM apoc+.f'icntione for Concrrto
Aggregates Designation C33-52T. The g acing raquiromeni:s in
accordance w1Lh those ASTM specifications i.o ns Col.lowsl
iqVC Pur.cent Pasuinq
3/S" 100
No . 4 `'ry do 1.00
No. L3 Ho t:o 100
No. 16 50 to 65
No. 30 25 Lo 6O
No. 50 10 to 30
No . 1.00 2 Lo 10
1"or clmga.l.ote t;Il'ilditlg i°ccinlr.mumit-sl roCor t.o Hie A.STM
Cam. c'c)ar:4c AC.ic11 (ja _Lo: Coil):;(! [ gg) ('(fa LC' ilivil.l zmllrFli !11'.
01; w.atlhcld grovol. i)r Url,slhod r;1oile,
mid Alo.i I Comply in cvc2a:y r -j)(! t: w.i di thr AS't'M spcicl0cat.ionr
For uonc2re to flt q1,O<JaLoo d(!;+41 at.1o11 C,3T, 'Ph(" gracli.rl<j voqu .L'
jium ,i a:3 covered by Llin ASTM I;fli~c i.fi.c~aL,i_onel ~Irl~ 7!Aod in )pint,
w4 i:'ollowslt
"Ji.ovg F3i ic7 1~C'Y! ryiL .l~`t`I`.~a15~
211 1. 00
1Y" 915 Lo 100
3/4" 35 do 70
3/U" 10 Lr) ]0
No. it 0 t:U 5
4-1
D. Water: WaLer for cola~r(te shall )r; cloan and
frrao
from oi.l, aci6, alkali, r,resani.c matter or
other harmful impurities. WaLor which is r;uil,~al:alG [or drinking
or for ordinary household use wi..l.l. be accni,i..~),.l.o for concrete,
The proporLions of the mix shall ),n ouch as to produco
concrero that can ba pu.ldled readily into t.ho corners and angles
of the forms and around the reinforct.ny wiLhouL excessive spading,
and wLl.hout sogrogation or undue accumulation of water or laitance
on Lhe ourface,
4-2 Tests of GoncreW, PrequonL L•raraLs w).11 ho requtrod by Lhe
Enganoer throughoul_ 1ho work to de;Lormine
r.he :1;;;,lO.y of concrat.a. These Lests sha.l'I. ))r; made by an .ndenpen-
donl_ toeiLl,ny laboratory Lo be selected and paid by the city.
]'osr.s wi;.l in goneral be made on six (6) inchn s by twelve (12)
inclios concrete cylinders, loaded in compreni.l_on aL seven and
t,wenLy -eight: clays, in accordance with standard mothod of Lho.
Amorican Society of Testing Materials, Desi.gntaLi.ont C39-42.
C,'11i.nde i:s testae) at twonLy-eight clayey shall Mhow sLr.engLI)s of noL
;toss than the speci.fi.od twonLy-olght clay comprousive etrongLh
Land cylinders tested at Seven drays show sLreng1.h not loss th rri
Lwo-thirds (2/3) of Lho specified t.wonty-aighL days compro'ssivo
strc;,ngt:h,
4- 3cnerri,l GonsLx'ucf:irlta Itcc_IUir.r.ntoliLn; l3r.fore sl:arl:i.n(i work; I:lae
c,) nl:r.acLor Stha II i.atfr>i•in
tho Enginoor fully as to Lhc mt-Ahods of conslrueLi.on ho plopot ,i
Lo 1701.1-M and ata to Liao amount: and c:har.actor of equipmotaL ho
prop-)sm-a Lo uao, the adequacy of which shrill be aubtoct. Lo Ulf)
approval of the Enginoor.
.
Befor.o construction forms, the contractor .cha t.l. r;uiami l:
t.o the Engineer for hi- alsproval detail information, ineDiding
necessary drawings an--; skotc:-hes of pr.opoc;vd form wc.r.kt;, which
shall: be sufficiently complete to show all. essentia]
Conou.rronce on the part of the 111n~. inoos: in any pro-
posed construction ii.othods, approval of equipment, or, approval
of forme shall not be considered as reli.evinq the contractor of
the responsibility for ',he safety or correctness of hits meHio(4;
and aderiuaby of his equipment or from cars°ya.nq out the work In
full accordance with contract.
4-4 V2 st l''orms shall be. of wood or steel c:onsLruction and
uhnll bn built mortar-L•ighL- and of material suffi-
cient In atrongLh to prevent bulging between F;upport.E; and €shal.l
be set and maintained to the lines dc,tsignraLtA until the concrete
is suffioiently hnr. lonod to pormit form renicvval, l.7t1 i.trcl t.hW
4-2
eliipsod Lime between t.hr. bu L lcl nq of the forjrui and Lhe pl ~w l ny of
Lho concratc, Lho Dorms shalt, ho mai.nLainr.d in a mannor to pyovenl.
wori?-ing -°111c1 shri.tAincJ, Al. 1. de Lail. i of form e.ontitrucLion shAl
b(I subjoct to I-' approval. of Lhe Illnclinoc , , oral Lho poriiunt;ioti to
p:laco concr.cto will not be given unl..i..l. all of - sch work i.s coca-
plete Lo hi 5 sciti sfactlon,
Lumber for forms shall l.to properly 4eavoned and of
good quality. Ct shall be froo from looso or unsound knoLs, knot
holoa, LwisL:j, shakos, decay and other J.mperfncLton;j which would
affecL i.Ls 4trongt.h or impale Lhr, f-1nishod fiurtacc r,,f the con-
c:•rcrto, 'Phu lumber tuied for raci.nq or Mloaih .rrq shal.l bo qurLaccd
ern al: toils(; one side. and I:wo cdclerks and 311+111 he sizod to Uritforro
thickness f'orsny fshall, bo yui-Lab.l.y anchorod and rarjidly bracod
Lc7 proven'.: n,uvemollt while placing conc..rcLe,
Mo La 1 form f_s.r:s of an appr, oved type sha 1.1 be a sad. Lo
hold forms to place. Such ties shall be of a type ospoclaliy
dosignad for use in connecL.ion with concrete work, and they uhall
havo provLtiion to permit. on se of removal, of Lilo metal as horoin-
rtfLer 4pecifi.ed. The use of wiro form L.os wl.ll. not be permitt,od
(-~Xocpl, for 11111101, frprct.al. form aroas when Lhe urge of rigid Lypo
moi 1. Lioe would lrcr .imprncLi.cable.
The use of metal. form Llos of a Lypo thaL are enc.anes
in papor or tour iiviLorialej Lo allow the removal. of the Complete
H ,o, .1u,rvinci' a hole Lhs°ough Lho concrcuo fstructur.c e W1.3.1. not, be
pormilf,ed in Llto c~oWst,ruc;Llon or Wflt:.er I)Wl'ing Wal.:Lcj,
Mcf;al t.i.o<.j Ejhall be hold Ln placo by dev:icos atLaehed
Lo Each dov.ice kshtr.ll l)(I capidAo of deveJolAng Lho al:r.engLh
of Oic t.i.c. Vi.pce spreaders wi.la. not. be permit.Lad.
A.ll. moLal appli.ancon used inoi.do or for.mtj to hold
Lhom ].it corroci alJ.cinmenl. shill hc! rOMOVed to it ilolrth of <at: 3.oasL
one-half (i) inch from the surracu, o'f 1--he concreLe wiLh a sharp
chisel. or n.1-,aperu.
AI..L cav.iLic:s produced by the removal of metal, ties
shall. be careful.l.,' cleaned and compleiel.y filled wi.Lh ro-tempered
sand cement mort- r mixed 1.n proportion of orto Lo three, cnnd Lho
concro .o kihaVl be 3.of. L smooth and evon.
Ac the Limo of pLacincl concruto, Ulu for.mf oliall be,
clean, otAirnl_y froo from all chips, dl rt, sawdust., and o0ler-
cxtr.0AI0:aUH matter, ['or. wall and oLhc:t loc:atLons whowo acces s
Lo tho bottom of Lho fortis tire noL rcadfly attainable othc:rwikse,
adequate clean-out openi.ngH shall be providod,
4-3
Placincf cancre'.c~ -+hc con+.r,lct.or q.vc the Isncli.necr
su i. C Lotil . raClviapC(' [)OLLC.Ci `.C!fore c 1.rlrt,LnCf
t.o pl.aco concrote 111 (Illy 11111, of Lho st.ru( I ilro r ) pc!1-1111 L t.}le
Ill tipC'.C'1.ton of fol:rl,, Ilse laillLorcLnq 9L001. )],iccment and pr.rq)Etra-
t .oll for pour 1.11c, , !'nloss rlut.hor LZO-6 by ('110 IInq! neor, no concrete
sh,al:l be placed i.n aily unit pr.~r t,o the, complet.on of Lho form-
work and Lhe placemr.,nl of !.ho rrLn['orccmetll:.,
Whenever LI. ].f1 nece nary Lo coni_inuo Lhe mixing, placing
and f•in.i.shLng of concrcl.e elf I.or Lh.e daylL'jht hourtl, 1,11e site of Lho
work S11,111. ho hr i.l.ll.:ML.l.y lighted oo that. all operal:i.ons are.
J137.li.nly vi.sl.b.l()in rir_ni:rol, however, con( rot(,i p1tlcinq hal). be
or.) vogulatod ,i:l t.o pormi.t. f1.11.L(,ha.ng oporaLlons Lc) he corilplowd in
Lho d-.1y J Ldh • h:)ill CO.
I'hi,~, soquence of p.lacincl concroLe sha.ll be as provided
on I;ho plnns c)r In die %peclf cot-,.ons. The op)r,raLion of deposit-ing
and colripar'_Lnq Che concrete shall be conducted cao as Lo form a
compa: k;. der v,, impervious m,Ins of uni.fornl texLuro which shall
show 4 )oLll f'=acoa on all :lUrfaco.u. The If' Lacing ,iha1.1 be so regu
l('alod I.11 t. Lho pros-tyros c(auned by tho plasLic r,oncreta shall noL
oxcood the lord's itaod in Lhe dosJ.gi) of forirfl.
i
Thcs method and iminzier of placing shall. be puclar as Lo
avoid Lhc) possibzl i.t:y of 4cc.freg(al:[c)n or rupar,lti.on of the aggre-
goLr: or Lhe eiLnpl.rlconlent. of Lho rolnforc oment. Oinorc)Lo shall not
have a freo Fall. of iw)ro I.hall fi.vo ('.i) fc)oe.. 'I'ltc -paLLeririg of
f,)rms -)r r(,inforcumcnl_ bar:; ~Ihall be prcvonU-.,d if' Lhc conr.ro(.o
so tipaLl.crod wj-H. dry or harden bcs c)ro boi.ng inc~orpaLed In Lho mass.
(oncrc lc; .alarl.ll. he placed in eontinuouo horizonLal
l ayer t5 approx l.ma l e l.y two vo 112) lnchos In Lhicknor~ti. Not more,
thall ono ]lour :111711 01~~J)90 beLwoen tho p1(lcing of succes'L'O.Vo layers
of concroLo in nny port.l.on of HICI Jtructure included in a conLin-
uou13 placolnorlL.
Each part of Lho Formsi shall ire,, f j.-fled by depositing
c"onc.reto dlrectly a63 no.1r 1.1 f1.11i11. pUH.I L.I.oll (1 r, pouuiblo. ',I'll(:
coarse .aggreclace shall be workod back from Lhe Face and ooncr.r.Le
forced under and elround Lho reinf:orrhlu bars and plpo ol: other
inserts w.tLlauul. cli.,-,plac~ .ng Uio111, Uepos.i.ting large quanL•iLic8 ,aL
ono point in Be Cwmw ,Ind running or wor. k,tnc:J .0 alorrcl Lho Forms
wJ. J..l no L be a 1 low id ,
I,aiLanco :at- Corelgn ntaL-ter of any kkid shat.). not bo
l)oxrllitLed to acrcumulciLo J.nslde the forms; and openings in forms
nercesgary for removal of sarrrr+ shall be providod,
All concrciLe shall 1)o wull compacLod and Lhe mortar
4-4
f1milwd Lo Oit.- ,url-we of they forms 11y w,,rkLncI wl, I'll
conc. l ai_e spadl.tlq i.Inpf elrlunk ,1 'Ind 1IwHlaI1l.czil -11)1" (.or , of to approved
Lypo. 'U)r,ilmi af Hie Lypo which opor'lLe 1,y c11.Lorhrulnl; L.o roan,<1
or relmnrorcamonLs wlll not be permi.LLod, !1w vihril:ors, Owl II be
clppItod Lo Lhe C. otlc,rote mrrlodI, <11, .y afl.or depo,sIC :111 (1 ;1ri1.1. he
rnovod l.hroughota Cho wars, Lhoroughl.y w-arki.ncl Lhcr con(:veLo around
Lho roillrorcomell(., vilibedclod Fixture:,, and In1r, Clio cornoro and
allgl.es of 1.ho formm1 uriLi.l. i L lVis been reduced Lo a plartic maas.
The mochlarl.i.Cia:l, vi.bra Lor Hhal-1. noL, be ofxorat.c:d Flo Chat, LL will.
pe'llot,1 aLF? or d1:3Lurb laycrS p1.1c:ocl prevt.rnt:,ly which 1-1avo beconlo
pilrCia1.l.y me L. oY ha ydelledI Thr Vihralor -!AVII I Iae. or s0 I" IT LC 1011 L
of 1, n1 11f,o1:('01110111 told f 1.XI.-UI Y btlL 1311H 1 t nnt. }~r1 (I)nca to art. C:xLotlL
hat w1.1.1. ellU.aC1 bogrl~clat.i.o11 ~i_.l±raL,i.jn 1;hQ1.l 11c, mipplcaiKcIltod by
hand :;pldl-ny i.r ncc,c i ar,y Ln,'mc, Lhe, rhl~,J llq of morl:ar w l:ha
~,,arraco of alt corms.
liofore Lhe aLart, of placinq concrete, olL plpec-:1
condu.U.s, manhd.l,c rust Ln(j, e1:C., rocluirc3d Lo 1x9 sut. in Lhe crill-
creLe, , sh<1.I.L 1) n p1,acoc tnCo pos.i.L.ion and 1".i.rml-y ancrhoroca.
4-ti Wrcwvinci WeaLhor.l When dopo5i.f.i.ng c:ollcrel:e cit. or noar
ll r cY.1.11cf 1;e11lJJC?r.at:Ltr CE, Lho concrete
shall. havo o LemparitLorc, of aL l.eaxt 50 degrow" L'., bt.'L noL more
them 120 dogreoul P., when I(JgrculaLola arc: hrlirLcdThe' c)ncrrcto
~1hv111 bo marnctli,nud al - I iomlltr!rllLure of .11. 50 dcgtens L',
lol clot 1-n:t t Own 1-luvenl:y- l.wrr 110111.8 of'1111' p1.lt irl(J, or ntlt.i 1 Cho
colli`r(Je hrl; I:hovrjul'Jhly hilydencd. Wholl r'1 C1( f!';Ei icy, C(.-1i1C1`(il t_! 111~It.
ctr i ~l l .ha l 1 IW hoa l.ed bol)ro 111i x.i.ml and ha,i (inq <Illpar,i Lu1> -owh
Fly .~3i 4)Vr!~1,. ~1a1-a,111Y1dC11's1, et'C , S11i1 I I hE ;1Lipp11SlrI !_r} mL7a.11til.01 L: 114
e ot1C'rc'LC? ot, Hie reclulred t.ompol'ill.tlte. Tho c tl!:1'lCLor "di"11.1. 11e
rc~~.ll:aoll_.ibl.a Eor Ella pt)Luc(l. n of coric.YoLu jA,i(:4d under any r.trrd
11.1.1 woather condi tion:.:.
4 7 c )rlyf rttr I foci Jrartii 'l'ho -joint, (((filled Icy I,.Iochlrl Jal<lt;t c
Cow: reLo 1.11 d1rer-I clontit(.L with c:ort•-
oI:eto Lha L licit, a l Lcllnod l La, hi f t..i rl 1. :,oL uho l l 11(1 d4rsntod it coll..
+AnwLJ.on joillL. Wheel cow.rrlle I'll .l t~.l.l'ut'Iaarc, or ~1 porC,on cif'
"I struc,Wre ir; tipe .i.i'tcd Lo hu phicu'd munol.l.I.h .C, Uw Lor111 morlo'.
1.1.t.111-c oliall bo lntorproLod to moan L.haL Lhe nlawwr and !;c-lclunnc(1
or (:oner.cL•e planing nhnl_I ho much 1-haL. csons1_ruv1Jr)n jornt:i will,
not occur. Add,i (Aonol jo1.111.t1 1311,1,1, I(l_1e ptovick!4I wl.l:houl:
wriLLvn i1 Ahortvm1-ion Fronl Llto hii(iftiom-. Any Idcli 11r nctl, c.rr,i'1
r t.ruclLion jobil.h slio .I hovr deLtt11.13 eclil.f.Villc1111:. Lr> I.hca';e shown on
the pant, for -joillu-1 i.li s:lnl.i tar 1oclaLirmc;.
• Unloa:c, oLhurwlw; provided, cont,,Lruct:ton jwnl-s, Shall.
be square and nor.tim L Lo Lhcr Forms. Bu.lkhciidia shall. bo, provided
ill Cho fu nu f.u.r X111 joi.nLtl ~_'XCct,L hul:l.r,unt-,)l ju,hIt.:;.
-['ho Lop stir ra(:o of ) c:oncrotc plnc_c:nonL tttll.ch 1r.
I
aL ii hU, "l,on'.ilI cons 1,r tic {'.J o11 jo111L 1vl1]I. hl1/ u L
r. ' r-;rf.acc, c'crnc~n C'i.lIII
,
Irt' t vecl and shi111. he '.h0 roucj11Iy rOUghonod ,I , !:IOe)n as practl.citble
f f`.er. Lhe concro t.o has a t t ,a Mod .Llli t l,rl .l sot., , 'f'}te surface a(. bul.k-
hrtntdh sha11 be r.cnlcjhened aft :;eon t15 the bulkh(?rad forms are removed,
Before joining p.la:;t.lc c:onr.;rot,o to concroLe Lhal. has already Set,
Lhe surface of the concroto in plac•o shall be }'roc from all Loos
maLerial., la .Ltlnce, dirt or fovoign matter; shall be washed and
scrubbed clean with stiff' brooms and Lhoroughly dr~-)nched wi.Lh
wager tin t,i. ailturaLod, i111 c1 13hn1.14 bc1 kept. weL tulll.l. Lhe pla.,,Li.c con-
oroLo has been placed, :nlmedi.aLol.y pr i.or Lo Llto plac.i.rrq of iidd),,t tonal. (.oncr.cLo, i11.i. i.orlnF; shit1.1 ho drawn LkjhL
a(lai.tlst. 1:11c:
c'reLe in place, and qurfaco Lho concrof.o in place shall be
flushed wLU, a coal,oig of g;ouL mi.xod in Lhe proportions of onn
parL- of comenL Lo two pilrts of ;land.
.1
LE shown on [.he plans, cor1 Lruc•Lion joinl-s shall be
pxovidod w,,{h concrole, ke~ywiays, re.inforcAng Steel, dowels, and/
or met.tll flitshing sLr>p;1. '1hc mct.hod of forming keys in keyed
joint.d shall. be suc:ll al; Lo pornl.iL the casy removal. of forniq wiLh-
out. cht.rrpiny, broakincj, or damaging Lho concr.at.o in any mannor.
4 H t,ur:.1. olC~nctsic; tar.of'ul. aLLori 1.ion shill!. be q.i.ven by LhoS
coril;r.acLor to Lho proper curing of tl.l.:l
concreLo. .i.n Lhu SLlucf.urera, All concrotc surfaces shal..l, be kc;pL,
mo.tsi. by spr,i.nkl.i,ng, by burlap sand/or cotton maLr', and sprink.l.i,nq,
Or by e.111 apL)rvvaC1 111011J) cane r.u1: tnc) compound for a poriod ol.' rMvcn
) dilya 11 L old woal;hor Minn cur .ncj stay }ac; rc(_€)rdclc-i, Lh.i_
poriod 51)ll )')is exi.ondod ,a:, dtrocl.od by Lhe, Pnginer.r. A11
uncoverQLI c'UrfOCO'i ',;hall be) protectod fr in defornlatLon or ahra-
si. in 11,o f t,ltori)ughl.y ha rdollod
4-9 Itgnioval. _uf~Iti'ormwll VormH for- Lho port.i. ;n of the sLrucrturu
which do noL roqu t ro f lni sh, noy br
removed in not, lef3r3 !.11%at1 t:.hc; ilutnher of clays; t;el, fol'Lh i.n Lho
following table l
Forms for waLll;, c'ol.utnn`3 and f,i.(lo,i of ht1i11t18.....1'e)u1' days.
Porms and la.lrsowork undr)r rslell, 1, boom- and glr.der,y, , , .
seven days.
Porm for rltlr.filce',~ r'oquired Lo be f:i.nitfli d Nhall bo re-
moved "Mon Mahe' Cloncrote ha,3 atled nok l.o 8 Lhdn one-
half (z) clay, nor more Hian Lwo (2) days,
'I'eyt s5ecimens may be made, for the drLoYmtnaLl n of
time or removal of fortr13 i.n cold weather and forms may be
removed when Lana st>eri.ra nr3, cured under like conditions Lv Lho
curing of Lhe structure, indLcaLc Lhe required seven (7) (lay
4-6
Strength has been ohta.inod.
4-10 Li.nishina; As soWith on as forms clue roinovod, 1 2 mo tJ,l poi o from
Lie holes and "honeycomb",
ahrlnk or crack loo ,yh t J l he pointed up
rtar, andseproporl.y cured so 00. t:10 pai:chos wi.l..1 not
hr.,
4-11 Transit Mix C°.oncecto. T
in iou of ransil, mix concLeto will be permitted
all of the following condlLionsla,re motmixing on th<~ job provided
(1) 1111 roquiromonL•rj oLhorwise e pc+c.I.fJ,ecJ for mixincl on Lh(,
job sha.l.l etpply.
!2) SufficionL transl.t, mix equipment shall be assigned
exvlusi.voly to the project as raquirod for continuous
pours,
(3) Satisfactory ovidanco shall be furnished that the
delivery of roncrol.o shall be conL.inuoll8 at regular and
uniform intervals, wiLhouL stoppages or interruptions.
(4) 111 conercLe shall be doposi.Lod in Lho forms within
EorLy-f,•i.vo (45) minuLas after water has boon addod to
I.hO mi,K., (`oncroLo rot.a.ined in L•he Lruck lonyor Lhan
foxLymflvo '45) minuLC.:3 ofLer waLor has boon addocl Lo the
mix will bo rojocLod• Rc(Lnmporlnq of concr.oLc w.i..l.l. not,
be pormiLLod.
4-7
Slit` : ~N NO 5
' ft t, Nl?1JltC;~N(:_.S i'L_"I_I,
5-1 Ma Ley ial I ttei.11rorc.i,nq lams shall conform Lo the Standard
Spiel f.icoLi.oilu of '-Iae Amer ir~~n ,jociety for
Testing MaLerials For It i. ;L :1. r. 1. steel I+arb for Concaote Rei.nforce-
ment, Designation; A15.52, .nLormodi.aLo grade, upon hearth or
acid-bo9semer. All barb shall be deformed. I(ei.nfor.c:ing mon'll
shall bo woven or electrically welded wire mefah fa4hric, cold
drawn mild steel conforming to AMM UesignaL .on A185-37.
5-2 1,etad.incl,. The roinforcemont shall be bons. cold to sha;les
lndi.caLed on the plans. All bondii,j of hard
gr.ado and rail.- s Loq l bar shall bo Bono In the shop. bonding
of of.hor grade-,4 shall preforaably be clone in the shop. 13ends
shall be 1-rue to the shapes i.nd:i:caLod, and irvogulari ties in
bonding for. attrrups and uxs shall be made around a pin having
a diameter of not, l.ebq than three (3) tames the minimum thi.ck-
negs of the bar.
5-3 StLD lr
L_ of iq SL qAj Steel roinf'orcomenL shall be stored above
the ur L'acra of the ground upon platforms,
:skids, or Other SUpport,s 'tind shall be proLecLed as far a-$ practi-
cable} from mechanical. injury and surface deterioration caused
by exposuce to eondlLions pvoduving rust, when placed in the
work LI; :ahall. be free from dirL., scale, (lust, paint, oil, or
o Lhor foreign ma t or to I.
• 5-h f1l.fi j,i sync Mal.nirlllty kCl.11fFjrCO Li The steel shall lie
placed in Lho forma
exactly as shown on Lho, flans 1L shall be maintained in place
by wiring, by blocks of "one r:o two" mortar propor.ly grooved to
hold 'the bars from lateral displaconienL, or b any other effective
moans approved by the Im(lineor-, '1n instances where two or Inora
layers of reinforcani(nt are shown, approved aipacinq blocks shall
ailso be placed beLwoen oac:h loycr, spaced sufficiontly close
Logether Lo prevent- ajjprecialple t:ag of! the bars. The slab rein_
forcoment shall be-, rained off Lho forms by means of, small con-
cirete blocks of ini.xture as mentioned alovc> and Hhatll be wired Lv
Lhv longitudinal bars to maintain the proper spacing, it: is
very impor. Ladt tha L the lencfL.h of hors, spacing arid bending points
in game be maintained aas shown on the plans. Whore; spl.i.ci-nq is
necessary, Lho bars shall be. lapped aL loaa3L nine (S) inrhrir~,
but no bias shall bo si;slicerd aL. points of njaxiniurn Lertsi.an. At
ci.ll corners and Junctions, the re.irirorcomanL must t.i.e Logetlaer
so that the strength of the ,juriet :on shall. equal the strength
of the wall or member, with bends and laps of at toast thirty (30)
diameters.
ri~5
t;,
LtisacLjon-, All roinforvi,ng stool is to bo inrapect,ed actor
5-1
Placing and approval. by Lho Rilgineor., NoL lint i.1 L}iis .i.nr;I)c,(., <,n
has boon made, tincl approvt;.t ol~La.i_ried, may I,hr, pouring of :)n-
otate proceed,
-z
SECTION NO 6
VONCRrT C C?t1XERT 111PE
Gonera .c The work under Lh s .i.L-em con ; i iL:i of f.urn.i. jhi.ng
all. .labor, material and equipmonL for insI:al.laL•i.on
of storm sewer pipe as sh6wn on Lhe plans and providod in these
sp ocifi.cationS.
6-1 Pin= Pile used in the ,iL-orm drainage system LIjall comply
_ in all. respects wl.Lh the latest. requirements of the
Standard Specifications for Reinforced Concrct:.c Culvert Pipe,
AS7'M Designation C-76-55.. 'Phe pipe shall be Chase In, unless
otherwise designated by L-he Enq.i.noer.
Pipe shall be machine madle and shall, be :steam cured
in accordance with ASI'M Spoc4firat•.ion C76--57111 for a sufficient
ti.mr-, to obtain the required physical sLrengLh requirements.
fi- 2 La i~ nn Concrete Tone aie aand Groove ;Joiril~ 1, .pe:
A, ha ncll..i.ngt Care shall be exeredsod in loading, un-
loading and handling the pipe to avoid
shock or damage. All material found during Lhe progress of work
to have cracks, flaws, or other defects will. be rejected by the
Engineer, and the conl:r.acLor shall promptly remove such defective
material from the. sH..e of the work.
E. Pi o l2L.i y~ . a~n<l; The laying nc of
pipes in finished trenches
sha.l:l be commenc:ec aL the lowest point,
so th.ot- spigoL ondes point- in Lhe d.i.recL•i.on of flow. All pipes
sha.11 bra Laid with ands abuLi:inq nand Lrua Lo l:inc and clrado.
"hey siiaall. I)e fi.LLed pond mal.uhed oo that when laid, they will.
oi.. m to ncwor w . t.h a smooth grid uniform invei• L• . No pipe shki 1. l
be laid whon the trench oriel weather condi.L:i.on5 area unsuitable
in the opinion of the Enginoor.
C. Jointincq„ Lho Pipe: All, pipe shall be c1osol.y jo.intod
and ;sealed with stiff mortar, com-
posed of one part Port-Dincl C'emeaYL and two parts sand, so placed
as to form a dur.ahle watertight. j'iint, The ends of I-,he pipe
shall be thoroughly cleaned and wetL•od before making the joint.
After any section of pipe is laid and bofor.o any succeeding section
is laid', the lower half of the bell of the pipe last- laid shall
be thoroughly plastered by troweling on an even layer of mortar,
'i'ho spigot end of the next section of pipe shall then be Inserted,
holding it as high as possible until it Is fully inserted and then
lowering it gently on the mor;t..ar. Aftoi: the secLiran is laid and
uniformly matched and the sections have been fitted as close as
the construction of the pipe will permit, the lower half of the
inner circumkerence of the joints of pipe over eiriliteen (113)
6-1
inches in d.i.ameLer shall be sc;il.ed and packed wi.t:lh mortar and
finished smooth and even w.i.Lh the adjacent B(Ir.-L on;S of pipe.
I3eroro this mortar has at.l.ai.nad in
I Set., <iddi.t:.ional, mortar
shall Lhen be applied from Uhc outsido and fore ed into Lhe un-•
[J--led porLi.on of the: hell Or ga-oove to fall c;e,nti)leLely the
annular space around the spiqu L or tongue. For tongue and groove
pipe, :a betad shall be formed ox Lending at least. ono inch on
ai.Lher side of the joint and of approximately semi.-circular
cross-aection is used, it shall. l,c formed by placing the mortar
at app rox.imaLcly 45 degroes outward from the
axl:reme edges of
the head. For pipes too small to permit finish of the inside
surface of Lhe joint, a L.i.ghL stoppev of hur.lap or other equi-
valent materials shall be drag(Jc:,d Lhrough Life yipe past. Lho new
jo nL to reitaove any fins of mortar.
6-3 Poundat.iioon: All pipe shall. he, bedded in a foundaLion of
- stable earth materi.al carefully and accurately
shapi:c! to CI L the lower part of the pipe extension for at least
Lwenty '20percent of Us overall hoight. Whore rock, in
aithor ladge or boulder formation I'S r.alcount:ered, it aball be
romovod below grada and replaced with suitable materials in such
manner a;i to provide a compact-od carLh cushion having a thick-
ness under Lhe pipe of not :Less Lhan one-half inch per foot.
he lgh L or f i.11 over Lhe Lop of the Pip., with the minimum allow-
able kh.i.ckness of six Inchos.
6.4 i.nl.ti.al. Lackfi.l_lµ AP-rcr pi.pe has bean laid and Lhc joints
I;hc .i .l not have hardened to such an exLenL that
Y w be daiwiied by Lhe backfi:11incf operation, good
:Iouaad cor.l.h f.'roul the spoi I. batik Shall. be brought. up in mec:han.i.ca.i.
Launpco 1..jynrs not, excoud i.rac) oix (ig) tnc+hos in Lhir_knc:us of loo!)fill equol on t~ac~h :,ado of Lhe pipe Lo a hoidfhl:
Of' t.w(,l.VC ;ll) incl)CIE; ov(~r the Lop of Nic pipe, IloLh si.dos of
pipe bar, Fi.l"I shall bo coliahacLe_d amidLaneousiy to springli.ne.
Iaiackf,i.I I mtaLe.,.i.zi1 sI)a11 bc! moi_FAoiied to optianUm atioiSLUra to
facili.Lato c.on,Pacti.on by L•tampinci.
Cinal I ackfill: The romai.nder of the trench may then be
placed loosely, making sure no rock,
broken concrcte or other lumpy material is used in the backfil.l.
The Lrench shall then be Jetted with water: until all settlement
has cease,-1: the jots to be placed not over five (5) feet apart:
on alternate sicles of the trench. Sufficient pressure shall
be maintained in order Lo do a proper job or jetting, Caro must
be taken not to disturb Lhe pipe by this jetting operation.
Art.cr Hott.lomouL has taken place, tho t.r.en,~h shall then be
fillckl with a suiLable mat;criul and mochanic l:l.y Lamped.
h-2
SECTION NO. 7
GENERAL CONSTRUCTION OF SEWER IMPR0VIMCNTS
7-1 Scone of Specifications; The speeifi.caLi.ons are intended to
be written so Lhat only first class
workmanship and finish of the best glade and duality will. result.
The fact that the specifications may fail to be so complete as to
cover all details, will not relieve the contra,:rtor of full responsi-
bility for providing a project of high quality and satisfactory for
operations.
7-2 Protectign of Work: The contractor will be held responsible
for the care of all work until final
completion and acceptance, and he will be r.cquired to make good at
his own expense any damage or injury it may riustai.n for any cause.
tie shall. assume all risks from floods and casualties of every
description, and make no charge for damages from such cause.
7-3 Pi. e: All pipe shall =form to the sues shown on the plans,
Collection ma.,ih shall be a minimum of six (6) inches
vitrified4 clay tile p.i.pe. Stan~Iard strength vitrified clay sewer
pipe and fittings shall conform tU 4STM Specifications C-13-57'I'
and C-261-GOT. Extra strength vitrified clay sewer pipe shall
conform to ASTM Specifications C-276-60T and C-200-59T.
7-4 Joints: Sewer pipe joints may be a precast bituminous joint,
ail asphalt: mastic joint, or a field poured (hot pour)
joint. All joints having materials wiL-h rosi.lient properties must
oonforin to ASTM Designation 0425-56'T, Pipe with premolded bituminous
jolnts shall comply with Federal Specification SS-8-109 and shall
be "Jiffy Join L-", as manufactured by the Texas Vi.tr.if.i.ed Pipo
COMpi.:ny, or an approved eciua'. The pipe shall be laid strictly
in accordance with the manufocture±r's rccommendati.ons, The contrac-
tor must have F:ui table experience J,-, laying this tyre co jol c.
No pipe joint shall be made when water is in the trench,
nor shall. waiver be allowed to ri.;, around the pipe before the joint
has set. The pipes and bells shall be glean whon laid and shall
be so laid and centered as to foram a concentric joint without off-
sets on the interior of the pipe,
Asphaltic Compounds Joints: All ;joints made with asphaltic
compound shall be made as follows:
A narrow gasket of dry untreated jute or oakum packing, as recom-
mended :;y tho manufacture of the joint material, shall be properly
caulked into each joint before the asphaltic joint material is
poured. This gasket shall be in one piece of sufficient length to
reach entirely around the pipe one and one-fcua ;th (1k) times and
shall be of a thickness sufficient to bring the bottom of the two
pipes to the same level, Only one piece of gasket; material of
7-1
sufficient length shall. be used c-n- and one- fourth (lli) t.i.ma9 l;hc
ci_rcumfc:? r'nce of tho pipe. :11" gasket sha 1.1 be caulked in place
and L-hero shall be left. a depth of not les t_lon one and one-fourth
(1'ti) inch for asphalL.ic )oi.n(..i.ncg co^)pound,
7-5 `.Capfs_ 11 four (4) inch seuar tap alvi.l..l b(! made for each 1.o1-. by
the insL-a.ll.aLion of a "Y" branch. All service i.f.nes
shah. have a minimum grado of one ;1) percent.. The service shall
be ended behind tho curb line and plugged with a suitable stopper
to prevonl. infilL-raLLon and earthly materials from entering the line
prior to the connection of the house service, All pipe used for
taps shall be Vitrified Clay L.i.lo. Joint shall be as called for in
Section T.5. Applicable Sections shall apply for the trenching,
laying ..In.d ba.ckfilling of sor.vicn connections.
7-6 radc:as All sewer grades shall conform to accepted practice
with six (6) inch mains having a minimum of .6%
grade eight (8) inch mains having a mi.ni.mum of. .4% grade, ,-nn (10)
inch mains havi.ng a m.i.nimilm or .29% grade, Lurel.ve (12) inch sewer.
having a minimum of a .2l'/, grade and fifteen (1.5) inch a minimum of
0, 16/6 grado.
7-7 Location of rla .n:: Sewer ma.i.ns paralleling water or gas mains
shall. be a minimum of Len (10) feet from
the t-P)tcV mains and 0 m.i.n .irwm of four 4) feet from gas mains.
Sewer service Laps and l..incs shall. generally lie made ten (10) foes-
from the south pr.ope)Ly 1Ln~ of cac:h loL on North and South strcoLs
and ten ' 10; f.eaL from Lhe easL property line of EasL- and West
,t;LrL;ei-.s lervi.ce l.t.iac+ci shall. be a minimum of four (C) feet from
wat.or ~;~;rvLa<. l.lnes and gar;; mains.
7-0 lo -O . and I.nspo( I_ton. Uo rcow1.11 p.ipc may be backfi l..led un0 l
01.1 Joi n t.s havc-! been lnspoc Lr_d and approved
and a satisfactory Lust has been mtldo for al i.grlment.,
If r.equa.red by Lhe Engineer, :infiltrate tests shall be
made by the cont:racL.or In the presence of the Engineer, and the
sewer and connocL.i.ons shall noL lock under l:he exL-er.ior normal.
cjr.ound water pr.ossure in excoss of a rate of five hundred (500)
U.S. gallons per inch of diameter per clay per mile, when field tested
by actual infiltration conditions, or in a manner approved by the
Engineer, 7E' exf.•i.iP.raLion testing s required or necessary, the
joints shall. por.form equally well, except that an allowance of an
additional Lon (1-0) perconL of. Uallonirgo shall be pormiteed for each
additional two (2) feel-, head over a basic L•wo (2) facet mi.ni.mum
internal. head.
7-9 FxcavaLion,s 41ho ciround shall. be excavaLed in open trenches
to the necessary depth and width unless otherwise
-2
specified. No Lunneli.nq wi11 he allowed, except: by written permission
from the City. The i°kt.y shall. have the ri.ghL I.o limit, the amount- of
trenc'i which shall be ()Menem dt any time in ridvoncv of the completed
sewer, and also Lhe arnounL of L1'ench 1efL unI i I Iorl. Not over five
hundr.cxl .,500) feet of trench shall be opened cit, or.e t•tme, and the
trench must be backf.i.l.icd, sLrceL aurface replaced and the street
cleaned up to a point. Five hundred (500) feet. back from the most ad-
vanced line of excavaL.f.on. '.~.1 materials excavated shall be placed
so a.: to interfere as l..f.LLle as possible with public travel. Streets
must be kept open in every case possible, exceptions to be made only
under written permit from the City Engineer..
The bott.otn of the trenches for all, sewers shall be care-
fully and t.rul.y hand grad(-,,d, rormed anti aligned,
For she ,ewer pipe, Lho trench at bottom ,3hall be of
such a width thaL when the pipe is laid truly to lire there shall
be a minimum of at lepast six 6) inches on either side of the pipe,
a m!axlmuin of eight 80 inchr.5 on each side of the pipe. The bottom
of tho t.r ench under each 1)(,1 1 .l. shall be. excavated to allow the body
of the pipe a firm bearing throughout iLs length and to give ample
room for making the joint-s. In case a trench be excavated at any
place et(cepLing aL join Ls, bul.ow the grades of its bottom, it shall
be refilled to grade with clean hand or loam and thoroughly com-
pacted.
in all excavat.l.on of classified material. and in the case
of rough boulders or large gravel, sufficient material. shall be
removed to permit a bed of -}t least, six (6) inch Lhicknehs of com-
pacLed soft oarth to b01 placed antler. Lhe pipe.
1f the and i i; turbo d ma l c;ria l encoon l,ared at the grade
depth consti.Lutes, in the, opinion of tic F1ngl.nrcr., an uusLah.tr
foundation for the pip(,, the contracLo wi.l.l be raqui-red to remove
shah un,;Lable maLerial_ and back f_i.l l Lhe: LrelICll t.o the proper_ grade
with approved compacted gravel.,
All excavated utaLorial shall. in general be placed entirely
on one side of the trench and where this cannot conveniently be done,
a clear space of at least two (2) fret in width shell be left along
one side to permit the grade stakes to be set.
The contractor shall not. remove from Lhe line of work
any sand, gravel, or excavated earLh,whicl, may be necossary for
refilling the trenched, unI.I.l. the trenches shall have been filled
completely, tamped and settled Lo proper grade.
The contracL.or shall remove any wager accumulated in tho
trenches while sewer Pi.peu ar.e being laid. In no case shall water
7-3
be allowed to run over the invert, foundation or through the sewer.
The disposal of the water shall be in a manner ai,l)roved by the 1i(:y.
T-10 ,Backfill_
initial backfill: Selected material ;hall, be deposited in
four inch layers and hand or mechanical
tamped between the sides of the trench and the pipe and over the
pipe for at least twelve !12) inches above the top of the pipe.
Broken concrete, rock, or other lumpy material, shall not be used
in the initial backfill, When necessary in the opinion of the
1?ngineer, backfill materials shall be moist-eried to facilitate com-
paction by tamping. For pipe sizes of twelve (12) inches and
larger, a gravel cushion and backfill shall rc used, This Fahould
extend from six (6) inches below grade t:o twelve (12) inches above
the ' ,D of the pipe. 'This material shall consist of a froe f.loviing
gxanuia„ material consisting of small stone, gravel or pit run sand
and gravel.
Final Iackfill; The backfill material may he placed loosely
r ,Ln the trench, rounded up over the trench
slightly above the original ground elevation without tamping, and
the trench jetted with water until all settlement has ceased; the
jets to be placed not over five (5) feet apart on alternate sides
of the trench, Care must be taken not to disturb the pipit- by this
jetting operation. No rock greaL•.er Llan Hix (6) inches in any
direction may be placed in Lhe final backfill. After the t•ronch
has settled and sufficient Lime has elapsed, the trench shall nca
filled with dry material and mechanically tamped with a hydro-
hammer of at least pounds , At locations where the excavated
material is from rook forma f:i.ons, or where the material is such
that if-, is not sultable for rompacLion under the method sprci.fied,
the material. shall be disposed of and an accepf:able Hubsti.tuto l5ack•-
fill material shall be provided and placed as required. In all cages,
the density of the compacted backfill material. Hhall be Pquil. to or
greater than n.i.nety (90) percent: Standard Proctor, The ,above may be
allowed only with the wriLLen permission of the City Frc•,.neer,
7-11 Laying Pipe, The piped and specials shall, be so laid in the
trench Lhat after the sewer is completed, the
interior surface thereof shall conform accurately to the grades and
alignment,
No pipe shall be laid within ten (10) feet of the point
where excavation work is in progress, Pipes having any defects
which do not cause their rejection shat.']. be so laid as to bring these
defects in the top half of the sewers,
The pipes shall. be InLd accurately to line and grade,
l-4
With the spigot end clown stream otv ering tho barrels to full. depth,
and in such manner as to not drag t-he earth into the annul%ir r,I)ace,
Grades and alignment shall be set every fi.[Ly 50) feet sand bat.t.or
boards shell be usecl Alignment sha I.I. be wa Lhin one- tY,nt.h ( 1/10)
of a foot of true aalcfnment. and the grade be wi.t.hin Lwo-IlsandreciLli s
(2//100) of a foot of t;rla6` grado. A I adjusi.mcnts to line and grade
of pipes laic] dirooL.ly upon t.lie boLLom must be done by :scraping
away or f.i.lli.ng in thy. earth unclear the body of the pipe and not by
blocking or wedging up. All sewers must be laid in a perfectly
straight line, and the contractor will not. be authorized to deviate
from the given line without the written authority of the City, Po-
fore laying, the interior of the boll, shall be carrafull.y wiped smooth
and clean, and the annular space shall be free from dirt, stane or
wa ter .
Before leaving the work for I.he night, or at any other
time, the and of the sewer sha'.ll. ho securely :losed with a tight
fitting plug. When construe ted in a weL trench, care must be taken
to see that, Elio sower pipe will not be moved out of alignment and
shall ho %%PcighLod down or oLherwiso securely fasLened so that it
will not, flout,
7-12 Manholes. Manholes shall be constructed in the line of sewer
at l.ocaL.ons des].gnaLed, ordinarily at intervals
of five hundred (500) feel, ovely change of a.l..i.gnmenL or grade, and
at stroet: intersccLion,: and shall have the form and dimensions shown
on drawl.ngs and shall. bo built with care, Manhole walls shall be
constructed of brtclc and raliall be made watertight throughout. 13rick
manhole: shall. he pl o st;er. ecl on the oatLsi do with one-half (1/2) inch
1'orl.land ceowuk t: tnorLesr . The nsido <shall be plastered in like man-
ner, toI L,~Yu ruclue~:;l cd by i_ho (`i e.y Ets(li.nr~,or.
.
The founda l ioel of the manholes for Lhec sewers :,hal). be
conat.ruci,cc] of Class, A con( rc lea, commencing not less than el.ght (0)
incho.-, below the linos of the Invert of the sewer ie, I:hat• point
and shall be .i.nc.ludeel in the unit. price bi.d, 'rhe flow channel,, shall.
be smoothly formed of the same dtmenaion, as the connection pip(ys
and with smooth horivonl.al curved connocLions where flow lines con-
nect at right- angles. 'r; such an extent as possible, half sewer pipe
shall be used to form the channel. 'rho floor shall be slopes] toward
the channels with a fall of ono-ha).[ (1/2) inch per foot,
All brick shall be ].aid in cement: mortar consisting of
one part Portland cemont: and two parts clean building sand, Caro
shall be taken to secure wat,.ertight, u-Pns crucLi.on of the l;jrick or
concrete work whero l.i.no i paS;a through Lhe walls.
CasL iron steps, shall be riot: staslgered in the wall. at
intervals of fifteen (1,5) inclins verl_ically. AL drop rrtnnholcs pro-
vide inspection branch and Leo and carry down on outside of mnn;ioie
7-5
to acid through quarter bend at bottom. Manhole rings and covers
shall be carefully machined so that the cover:1 loy Lrue in the frame
and touch at all p(Ants on the circle, so that. sa una will be free
from raise due to traffic after Lhey are insta)I(Id, The manhole
r.ing6 and covers shall be, matchod and properly iiiar).od for idenLifi•_
cat:i.on at the foundry, if necessary to secure a t:ruo ri t. Ca sL
iron steps, manhole rings and covers shall. bc., 't'r i r,4.Ly valley Tron
and Steel Company's Pattern Number 99 and Pattern Number 672
respectively or equivalent:.
Construction of manholes shall be star Lod i.mmediatnly
following the laying of Lhe pine in the trench, and not later than
the clay immediately following the laying of the main or 'Lateral-
lines.
7-13 Acceptance. LcLore final acceptance is given to a project,
complete as-built drawing must be available ',o
L•he City, showing locations of all service connections ill relation
to property lines.
I
7-0
SL.UTION No £3
WATE12~US` RI,F;J'i I OiN _SYSTI M
0-1. Water Lines; All. work pertaini.nq to Lhe consLrtiu Lion of water.
lines or mains which Will Connect: to the, Ci !_y of
Denton water distribution system shall follow I:}hese cfrneral specifi-
cations. Where i:hesespecifi.~aLi.ons do not cover .i.Lems in question,
they shall. be in accordance with requirements of applicable Ameri-
can Water Works Association Specifications.
£3-2 Pine: All pipe used in rho City of Donlon dJ sLribution system
ohall be of six 6) Inch size or larger, class 1.50, and
shall be centr.if•ugally cast iron pipe confor.min(J to American Stand-
ard Specification A-21,0, (1962).
8.3 0 )orat_iyn of Valves in Lxist nq Water Work_~ System The conLr~7r-
tor shall
not operate any valves or fire; hydrants in the existing City of Dentor=
Water Works System without the express permission of the Super into ndent:
of the Water Department: or hif authorized inspectors. The required
operation of valves and hydrants will bo done only when an authorized
represent.at.ve of the City of Denton is present.
£]-4 Pipe Lining; All. cast Lron pipe shall have a cement mortar
lining in acc:ordan •e with ASA Specification A-21.4,
or conf.'ormi.nq with the manufac Luror. 's star dar.d specifi.cat.ions for
sea l -coa Led ename l ino lining, or an approved equal.. Tt is intended
that enf1111cline or approved equal. shall, conform with ASA 21.4, except
for the thickness cf Lhe lining which shall, be one-half (1/2) the
Lhi.ckness as specified in ASA 21,4
0-5 t'iiLL 17c3_s. Ali. f.iLt:i.nys cind specials for casL iron Lilipc rahall
be cant, iron conformi.nq with Amor.i.can NaCer. Works
Assoc.i.ation 5peci.ficaL•iont; Claris 1). All. fitL.i.ngs shall be lined
according to Section 8--4
£3-6 Val,ve;;; Gate valves Mia.ll be iron body, double disc, parallel
seat, brass or bl,onvo mounted throughout, and have brass
or bronze sL•cros. No bronze homy valves whatsoever will be pe.r.miLnd.
Valves shrill have a non-ris:i.nq stom and shall open by turning counter-
clockwise. All valves shall be equippod with a two (2) inch square
wrench nut for operations unless rAherwise specified. Valves shall
be designed for a minimum working pressure of one hundred fifty
(150 P,S,T.) pounds per squaro inch and shall comply in all respects
with the latest applicable AmaYican Water Works Association Specifi-
cations. Valves (also Opping sleeves and valves) shall be Mueller
or equal. A'1 valves f,hall. be ;histalled as indicated on the plans.
For each gate valve the contractor shall. furniNh Und install a val.Ve
box.
8_1
Valve boxes shall. be three piece sr_row Lyre cast iron of
Lhe exLension type and shall be similar to I'rint:y t'talley Iron and
Steel Compa;ay, No. 2201 or Mueller, No, 11_l0ar>4. Phe three pieces
shall con s r s L of the top sec Lion , bottom sec t, i ora , 1 nd cover.. Lx Lon-
sioil6 sha'.1 be provided aS; required.
Valves shall be carefU.lly handled and lowered ia,to po:i.-
Lion in such a manner as Lo prev(Alt damage to any parts of the valve.
Valves shall be pl.iced in such positions as indicated on the plans
with the tAom in a verLical position and securely held until all
conn,;~ctions have, been made,
Gate valves and pipe fittings shall be set and join Lod
to new pipe In the manner herein specified for cleaning, laying, and
jo:intin 1 pipe. Flub ended val.vez, shall. be jointed to
pipe only with
lead join Ls. Flanged and mechanical joint valves will be prefor.red
whore su.i Lable,
'•.:ast iron valve boxes shall be firmly supported and main-
ta.i.ned centered and plumb ovue the wrench nut of the gate valve.
'11ho hox cover shall be set flush with the finished surface of the
strceL.
8-7 Join Ls: P.i.elcl _jo:ini.s for L<iist iron pipe shall be the slip typo
join:,,roll on or mechanical joint, Pipe of the roll. on
and slip L•ype joint shall. bu laid specifically as recommended by Lhe
manufacturer. Mechanical ;joint- p.i.po shall be made as follows:
Sur fares wi!.h wh.i.h the rubber gaskoUi come in corntacL
shall be brushed thoroughly with a w.i.r.c brush just prior to assembly.
Phl.s LhorJugh 1r:ur311ing sha 1.1 remove all looser rust: or foreign mat,tor
whit-h l1lay be ,)a:crsent and proV.t.do a clear .51-11-1'<ace winch shall bo
hr.ta;;hed with soapy wal~.ea ju~O, prior Lo slipping the,: gaskeL over the
cspi(JoL. end and Into the bull. Soapy water shall also be brushed
over the gasket prior: Co int;Lal.Lat.io:7 to V`OMOV(? loose (tart and lul;-
r: i c:a Le Lhe cla skc L .
The range of bol.L torques Lo be applied on mechanical
joint p.i.po in a joint- are.,
SireL :LIIQII s ltanye of 'Ibr,~u2 Ft. bounds
`'/d 40 - 60
3/4 60 - 90
1 70 - 10 1-1/4 90 120
The above Lorque loads shall be applied with torque
measuring or indicating wrencrog.
8-2
When tighLen.i.nq belts, the gland :shall. ht? brought up
toward the pipe flange evenly, maintaining approx.in!aLcl.y the same
di.stanrc between the gl,cnd and the face of the f hinge aL all joints
ar.ound the socket. The hot.tom bo.lL shall be tigh1.c!r!od first, then
the Lop bolt, next the bolL on oiLher side and l.im l., the remaining
bolts. This cycle shall be repeat:cd unL.i.l. all bo'llm are within the
above range of torques. if effective scaling isa not attained at the
maxinaum torque, the joint shall be disassembled and reassembled after
thorough cleaning. Overstressing o bolts to compensate for poor
installation will not be allowed.
Deflection from a straight- line or, grade made necessary
by vertical or hor.i.zonL•al curve: or off-soL-s shall not exceed the
following limits:
Nominal_Dla4ncLor of Pip LencrLh of pine Du HOCti.on
2 Inches 16 foot 28 inches
6 inches 16 feet 24 inches
£l inches 16 feet 18 inches
'l'ho defloeLion i.s the distance between the enter lines
extended of any two c:onnecti,ng pipes.
£3-£3 Laying Pipe: Aftor placing a length of pipe in the trench
the yarning materials 'or the joirt shall bo
held around Lhe bottom of the spigot so that it will enter the boll
as the pipe is shoved into position. The spigot shall be centered
n the bell and tho pipe fos ccd "h. mo" and brought into true align-
imen L. It shall be secured Lhere with earth carefully Lamped under
+andti?n uiuh s,}_do of it., oReopLi.ng Fat the boll holes. Core shall. be
triken to fs.rc venL d.i.rt from en!.erJ.ncf Lhe Joint space. No blocking
up of the.. pipe or jo.i.ntfs wi.l.l. be porna.i.LLed. Whenovor it, :isa necessary
to dr,i'loct pipe from a st:rai.ght lino, either in tho vor.t:ical or hor-
i.xonLral plane, to make small anglc!s in alignment Lo ;.avoid obsLruction
s,
Lo plumb stems, or fot other reasons, the degree of deflecC-ion shall
riot exceed that shown by the flrandbook of tho Cast Iron Research
Ass>ocia U.on.
Although the above section applies primarily to bell and
spigot pipe, all applicable portions apply as well to roll on and
mechanical joint pipe,
8-9 Piro Hydrants: Pi.r.e hydrants &hall conform to American Wator
Works AssociLiL-ion Specifications, C-502-54.
HydranLs will have a f vo and ono-fourth (54t) inch valve opening and
two, two and one-half (21i) inch sLcamer connections. All hydrants
will be of the dry top type with "o" ring packing rind shall have a
compression Lype ma.i.n valvo that. (!lose.: with thc~ prossurn, A one
8-3
and one-fourth (114) inch pentagon operating nut. 11 open to the
left. Each hydrant will he proceeded by a gals: valve, hire hydrants
shell be Mueller jA24015) !1'raffLe Model.).
,UnT c Fire Hydrants Ua t`e kfa l.ve~ and S(
r v.l c e Boxes : I?ire
hydrants,
gate valvos and valve boxes .insLal.l.eCI in trenches,; shall be placed
where required. "Pli y shall be set:. plumb and thc~ valve boxes shall
be directly over. Lhe valvcy,>, After being correclAy positi.onec,
earth fill shall be caroFu.lly tamped around the service box foa o
distance of four fecL on all sides of the box. flach service box shall
be in a concrete pact, two feet square and eight inches thick at:
ground eleva!Jon or et--, directed by the City of Denton. Fire hydrants
shall be se+_-. a+; such e.l.evaLtons thaL the connecting pipe and the
dist:ribui.,i.on mains shall have the wane depth of cover, Each fire
hydrant Eliall be placed upon a slab of concr.etc no" loss than four
inches t:hlck and fifteen inches square. The backside of the fire
hydrant opposite L•he pipe connection, shall be blocked with cuncreto
to prevent. the fire hydrant from blowing off the line. Care must
be taken i.n plac.ina'j of the concrete not to block the wee}~ holes at
the bol.t,;>>n of l.he F1 re hydrani:. Around the base of each fire hy-
drant. shall be placed not .haws than seven c~ibic- r-ooL of broken stone
or house= gravel and rock to insure the complete drainage of the fire
hydrant when closed. All bac.kff.ll. after. installing any fire hydrant
shall. bo thoroughly compacLed to Lhe stir face-_ of the ground. Before
i.nstal.l..ng any fire hydrant or gate valve, care shall be taken to
see ihaL :all for~r.gn material is removed .from the barrel. Stuffing
boxes Shall 1?0 tighLoned and L.he fires hydrant or gate valve opened
and closed to .lee LhaL all parks arc in working condition. Placement
of the fire hydranL shill be accordincj to standard drawing obLaii,oblc
from the T;?acfi.nc:cr, ii7g Depar ! meni_, C f.i;y of Denton.
tl- 10 Sorvlce Liner, and Ta})s A orvice tap shall be made foi cvorv
lot in the subrl>_vLsion. Tho tau ;,hall.
bo a minimum of 3111 inch and shol1 be made by r)ril,linrj anfl 1.7al),-)inc3
the main for the rnsertiotn of a coi.porati.on stop (Mueller. 1115000 or
oqual) . The coppor- ser.vi.ce pipe shall be, a minimum of eighteen 11,,)
inches below t:he finished surfaced of the sLreeL. There shall, be
no Lops over one and ono-Fourth 14 inches m<adre on six (6) inch
maims UZ over two (2) :inches on eight (8) inch mains. Double strap
service clamps may be used for larger taps if specified, No Lap
shall be made within less than eighteen (18) inches of mother. tap.
All. Laps shall be mado on the upper. quandrartt-s of. the main at
appr,oximaLaly forty-five degrees from vertical, Cl!, Laps will be made
on Lhe top of the pipe. Water taps shall goncra l.l.y be made fifteen
foeL f,ron, Lhe Soul:h pa'operLy line or each lot on North-South streets
and f.'. fteoo foot from Lhe IIIasL property line on fast-West sL•r.eots.
All. service l..i.noa i shall hn, run to a point approxi ma Lcly
eighteen (18) :inches behind the curb line and shall be ended
8Wrl
w Lh the installation of a curb SLop with a pip(! thread out.l.ct
similar to Mueller 101 15275, All 43erv.i.ce lij)wj x311,1 be
of Type,
I<, sgfL copper tubi.nq wi r_h (Jared connection The curb shall he
mai°ked With the letter "W" in good %iuality r(-d load based paint. at.
Lho point wher e Llzc: s( vi ccI h..pe pa=;so:; 1: ho, curb, L f (-he
curb and cutter in not it, )lace, the contractor furn isi.1 the.
Cta ty with a t.,l;iL of Lhc ubdivi.si.on showing t:hc distance from Lhe
nearost property line t.o Lhe servicing connect.i.otj for, each 1.oL
in the subdivision, :his plat must l.me presenLod to the City
Engineer before final acceptance is given.
8-11 > xcavaLion: Tronchos shall be excava Led by a tr. enchi ng mach
!.lie eycapt-. in locations where hand Lrenc:_'r,g i,;
required,. `.,he banks o)"` trenches shall be verL.i.ca1,
7'xenches will be excavated to the 1i.nes and grades laic
out. by the Engineer or as shown on the plans.
The width of the Lrench shall be sir. (G) inc,ies minimum
and eight (8) Inches in,aximurr, On oac_h =;iclo of Lho pipe bell.
Tronchcs for water pipe shall be carried to a depth
necessary to obtain a minimum cover of three fool over the pipe
as measured from (-.he propo:;ed street surface.
The excavation -Aial.l not. advance more than five hundred
(500) fret ahead of Lhe cr mi:)loLed backfill.ed line, Pipe shill be
laid in all Lrench tha' hx been opened at- the end of each day's
work, unlescs the contractor securod wriL't.en permission Lo do other.-
wiHe from (he llncfi.nenr .
l • 1 f l-h<~ b '"m of the I.rellch ber,omes af, 1111stabl.o
famine )t ion foi tiro pi.pu through tho necl]_ect. csf I~he
ce~irl r ~rcLo~ t<r rdedaately shc>r.e Q, ' ciewaf_ci, the t.c`onch,
o! i i' tir rrncr r- ttl.rbeel ma to i a l cncounter. ed at the
grade ci(rlr,it const.i LnLo~r;, in the opinion of Lhe?
LncfiIWOr, all urr rLal>l-e LoundaLion fo- the pipe, the
coat:motor wi..ll. I)e reqtitro(l to removal such unstable
material and backfill the L):,ench to the proper grade
with approved c-ompacted gi:ave.l.
4 . Also, .if the Lrench is i.nadvert antly excavated deeper
than necessary, it shall. be bac;kfilled to the proper
grade, with approved compacted gravel. at the contro--,-
Lor's expanse,
8-5
The contr.acLulr shall remove any waLc)r which collects in
Lho trenches While watcr~ pipes aro being laJ.d, in no case shall
water be allowed to run Lhrou(:Ih the p.tpo, Will,")- c!nc:ount.ored shall.
be disposed of by Lho contractor ui o manner ;rll.ir fac:t:or.y to the
L7ng.inoer ,
"['he bottoms of Lhe I: rcnc he's for a l i. jApe shall be care-
fully and truly graded, for.mecl and l.:tned according to the grades
and dimensions furnisher.) by Lhe Engineer, They s}aall be approved
by rho Engineer beforo any pipe is laid thor(An, Bell holes shall
bo excavated by hand.
['he contractor shall excava Lc, all Lr, r;nahes, includ.i ng
work necessary In working around existing pipe lines or other
obs1-1uct,ion'; The conLractor shall give notice to the owners of
any such lines of obst:r.uct.ions, in order that: they may have time
to take I.hc: necessary prccatal:J.ons for protecting their property.
The c:on':.ractox shall be responsible for protecting the owner from
'Iny darnr,I~3e From 1718 oporaLiotl.', in such work,
;:n rock, eurava Lion shall be carried si.x (6) inches
below t.hc boti.otn of the pipe, and loose, earth or gravel, thoroughly
I_omped, shall )e ua c:d for baackfi.llinq Lo grade,
AFLer tee-'J.ng sand Inspection of pipo lines hao been
fa.niahod on any completed portion of the, work the trenc''1 may be
backfLlled, [sackf lli.nd shall ho accomplished in compliance with
Lhc at7pli.c•able port..on7 of. those spocifi.cat.ions,
8-12 Backf;ill,inci_ [sac•kfi.l,linq for water 11ne shall be the same
as Seel ion 7-10 of Lho General. Construction of
Scldc~r :~nrprovcattu~nl.:~.
8--13 Concrete ttackinc[t concrete having compressive s':rength of
not' less than 1500 pounds per cquar.e inch
shall be used as a cradle or backing where shown on the plans or
where directed by the: Engineer, 1.11 materials including aggregates,
cement, and waLor, as well as the mixing and placing of the con-
croLc, shall. be approved by Lhc: Engineer, Bend of 22i degr.eoFa and
greaLor, plugs, and all. f.oos, crosses, etc., shall be backed with
concrete as a thrust. backing, Backing shall be placed between solid
ground and the Fitting t.o bo aanchorec.1; Lhe aroaa of bearing on pipe
land on ground in ocrch I nc;tance shall be tha L r. oqui.red by tht. Engineer. .
't'he backing shall, unless otherwise directed, be placed so that the
pipe and fitting joJ.nL~; will l.xc accessible for repair.
Concrete shall be composed of normal, Portland Cement,
coaarso aggregate, fine raggr ega te, and wa L-or. proprart.i onnd and m.i rrd
properly in a concrcl:r: mixer. Transit mix concrete will. be. allowed,
£[-6
Portland convent sha,l,l. he ;yp(-? - and sha 1.1 I)e I'll '}.1.y protected until
incorporated in Lh:i.s work. Gravel. Lo bcl uf;r.d For coarse aggre(jate
shall consist of clean, hard, durable grai.no, and shall be free
from an excess of salt or alkal.i. and foreign r::,a(:cr,ials. Con cretc;
shall have it comprossive stronclt.h of not l.c:;::: f:hai, 1500 pounds per
square inch aL LwenLy-ci.cght 28) ClEiy;; and sh,iI I have not less Lhe,n
three (3) sacks of cemenL nor more than six twirl Lhr.ee-fourths (6 3/4)
gallons of water per. cubic yard of concreL-e,
B-1.4 ?esLincl `rJa ter Main s; All pipe lines sha l 1. be Lested under
pressure of 150 pounds.
Mlore praef..icabl.e, pipe: :line;a shall ht: Lasted in lengths
bolmeen lino valveF, or plugs of no more than 1,500 feet.
Duration of LozL shall be not les;a than two (2) hours whoro
joints are exposed and not l.e;js than Wo.nL•y-four (24) hours where:
joints are covered.
All visible leaks at oxposcd jo nl:s and all leaks evident
on the surface and covered shall. be. r.ecaulkod or reassembled and
minimized regardle-Ss of the LoLal leakage as shown by test,
All p,iprr, f-if.l.ings and other materials found to be defective
under. Lo if: shall be removed find r.eplar-ed at the contractor's expense.
Perm.issable i,eakagc„ No pipe installation wil.l. be accepted
unf-iJ the leakage is less than tho num-
ber of gallons per hour as doLormined by the following formula:
l., £350
Where i, equals the a l luwah l o leaka<Ja in c3a l Ions per hour,.
N equals the number of joinL;s In the length of pipe line t:caLod; D
equals the nominal diameter of Lhe pipe in inches, and P equals the
average test. pressure in pound;a per square .inch.
Based on Lhis formula tho permissible, lc=akago per 100
pipe Joints per hour i; as follows:
PERM1S1311314-,; 1,11AKA0 PER 100
P113J?, 5:lzls 00IN'f'S IN _i AJ.,1.,ONS PP ]R FOUR
2"
l., 33
411 2,65
6u n
3,97
10" 5.30
G.62
•
13-7
I?1'.fdMLS5iIILf 1A"AK11CL
PfiR lpG
f? T.Pli (iI~11
:.tiLN'fLIN (AhLoNS PLl2 IiUUIt
1211
11411 "7.94
1.611 `1 . 2 7
lo, 139
Vtr7, cLor7 L rom_('~rmts=as.b e Leakage Should any Lc ,at of p:i.pe
ac-to cheater Lhari thaL specified, Lhe conLracLori,hal;,hall disc at hi. his s leak-
. own
cxpcn*o locate and repn:i.r f}ae def-ee•ive joi.rlLs unl:!A the leakage
1.9 wit.hira t:he spcc.i.L;.cid allowance.
l,cakage bci~ili cJr l,oal-ulgc i.; crof.rned i;-i t:hra quantity of waLor
sulr)sl.i.oc' A n Lo Lhe newly Laid pipe, or any
v<,l~~c•E1 ,;r_c 1. i.>n ,rC it necc ary t.(r maintain L.he -peci.fi.ed leakaco
t real sr a?urr., ~c f ±.er !
LF t%[frc hv7s heron filled with water and the
air expo 1. l c:d ,
8-.1.9 Sl.c.i ,Ji al i_,n uf. W<lter. Mr to L;ach `inil_ ol- completed water,
ouc }L1 1 i no insta l Led sha 1.1 be thor-
1 y rc.c ri-LiXOd W.i.tl'c chlcsrinQ err hyfxscholri_Le before it Is placed
i ra opera i. i rrr , lhca amocni'_. of. c. fa l „r i.ne appl.iud shall, be Fauch as Lo
1)ruv~.de a dosagc of noL lc's~; L1a11 f'.LLI.y '50) parts, per million, The
Chlorination ma l eria.l Naha ll. her In tr oducod to the wa Leer. liner in such
a ma:+ncIr' as l:cr di.strtbUtr' i.hcr c~hlorlno t:hr inUlccrut I-r systcm. nl.l
a lves i.n wa Lor liners l,oi.lccl Ler' i .l i icrd Shill l be opencrl and closed
sever~a1. dur. jnq tho ILvenisy- (cntl (24) hokir period. FaIlowinq
a coni,,ic ( I)er od of not. l.e , than Lwe nt.y-four ?4) hours., the
s1.ert1Lri.ng So1UL.on shall. be cl. scharged from the pipe and replacod
wil.h City WaLor dircc•L ('r.om a Cif.y Main. A sample of water from the
sLct ilrzvd main shal.l hu, l:ak(?rr Dias through a fife hydrant:) from
a :cur table. Lap Under the :it porvi ;ion Df L•he l ngineer. or hif; Tn:ipec
tar and submitted to Lhrt c`,.t:y Cham.i L or the State Health Department
for anal<<s_is. if the Ica51: shover; Ea r;ii[AsLcct:ory quality of water,
the lino s, ut:er.ilized may then bu placed in service. 'If the sample
shows unsatisfactory duality of water, the process of sterilization
shall, be repeated Unt-I.l Ei SaL.trif~:rC'LOt'.y wal.er is Obtained.
El f3