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HomeMy WebLinkAbout2020-03-02 Agenda with BackupCity Council City of Denton Meeting Agenda City Hall 215 E. McKinney St. Denton, Texas 76201 www.cityofdenton.com Work Session Room11:30 AMMonday, March 2, 2020 WORK SESSION BEGINS AT 11:30 A.M. IN THE WORK SESSION ROOM After determining that a quorum is present, the City Council of the City of Denton, Texas will convene in a Work Session on Monday, March 2, 2020, at 11:30 a.m. in the Council Work Session Room at City Hall, 215 E. McKinney Street, Denton, Texas at which the following items will be considered: WORK SESSION 1. Work Session Reports Receive a report, hold a discussion, and give staff direction regarding a proposed agreement with Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. ID 20-171A. Exhibit 1 Agenda Information Sheet Exhibit 2 Ordinance 2000-087 Exhibit 3 Ordinance 2015-239 Exhibit 4 List of KDB Programs and Events Exhibit 5 FY 2019-2020 Keep Denton Beautiful Funding Overview Exhibit 6 Draft Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. Agreement Exhibit 7 Presentation Attachments: Receive a report, hold a discussion, and give staff direction regarding updates to the Integrated Pest Management Program (IPM). ID 20-425B. Exhibit 1 Agenda Information Sheet Exhibit 2 Presentation Exhibit 3 Integrated Pest Management Plan Exhibit 4 Peer Review Summary Exhibit 5 Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Peer Review Exhibit 6 IPM Institute Peer Review Exhibit 7 Non Toxic Neighborhoods Peer Review Attachments: Receive a report, hold a discussion, and give staff direction regarding the Electric, Water and Wastewater Management Study performed by NewGen Strategies and Solutions, LLC. ID 20-508C. Exhibit 1 - Agenda Information Sheet Exhibit 2 - Management Study Presentation Attachments: Page 1 Printed on 3/4/2020 March 2, 2020City Council Meeting Agenda NOTE: The City Council reserves the right to adjourn into a Closed Meeting on any item on its Open Meeting agenda consistent with Chapter 551 of the Texas Government Code, as amended, or as otherwise allowed by law. C E R T I F I C A T E I certify that the above notice of meeting was posted on the bulletin board at the City Hall of the City of Denton, Texas, on the 28th day of February, 2020 at 11:20 a.m. __________________________________________ CITY SECRETARY NOTE: THE CITY OF DENTON'S DESIGNATED PUBLIC MEETING FACILITIES ARE ACCESSIBLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT. THE CITY WILL PROVIDE ACCOMMODATION, SUCH AS SIGN LANGUAGE INTERPRETERS FOR THE HEARING IMPAIRED, IF REQUESTED AT LEAST 48 HOURS IN ADVANCE OF THE SCHEDULED MEETING. PLEASE CALL THE CITY SECRETARY'S OFFICE AT 940-349-8309 OR USE TELECOMMUNICATIONS DEVICES FOR THE DEAF (TDD) BY CALLING 1-800-RELAY-TX SO THAT REASONABLE ACCOMMODATION CAN BE ARRANGED. Page 2 Printed on 3/4/2020 City of Denton Legislation Text City Hall 215 E. McKinney St. Denton, Texas 76201 www.cityofdenton.com File #:ID 20-171,Version:1 AGENDA CAPTION Receive a report,hold a discussion,and give staff direction regarding a proposed agreement with Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. City of Denton Printed on 3/2/2020Page 1 of 1 powered by Legistar™ City of Denton _____________________________________________________________________________________ AGENDA INFORMATION SHEET DEPARTMENT: Parks and Recreation ACM: Sara Hensley, Assistant City Manager DATE: March 2, 2020 SUBJECT Receive a report, hold a discussion, and give staff direction regarding a proposed agreement with Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. BACKGROUND In February 2018, an audit report on the City’s working relationship with the Parks Foundation was presented to City Council. Audit findings included the need to define the relationship between the City and the Parks Foundation, create formalized financial policies and procedures, and establish regular reporting requirements. Using the feedback provided in the Parks Foundation audit as a guide, a presentation highlighting the need to establish formal agreements between non-profit support agencies and the City of Denton was made to City Council on May 1, 2018. Following that presentation, Council directed staff to proceed with the development of such agreements. Staff drafted an agreement with the Denton Parks Foundation, which was then used as a model to draft agreements with Friends of the Denton Public Libraries, Denton Animal Support Foundation, and Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. On Oct. 9, 2018, staff presented information to Council on the status of an updated agreement with Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. It was noted that the main concern was that the roles and responsibilities of the nonprofit and City staff were not clear under the current agreement (Exhibit 3). Following the presentation and discussion, Council directed staff to continue working with Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. to update the partnership agreement, which clearly defined the roles of the nonprofit and City staff. Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. is an affiliate of Keep Texas Beautiful and Keep America Beautiful, and its mission is to engage the community in creating a clean and beautiful Denton. Keep Denton Beautiful’s main goal is to enhance the environment and quality of life in the Denton community through programming in three areas: 1. Litter prevention and cleanup, 2. Urban forestry education and plantings, and 3. Beautification projects (murals, gardens, etc.). An 11-member Council-appointed advisory board was established in 1991 to provide programming guidance and support to the City’s Keep Denton Beautiful efforts. The Keep Denton Beautiful Board obtained their 501(c)(3) tax exemption status in 1995 and became the Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. Board of Directors. After becoming a non-profit agency, the Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. Board of Directors transitioned to an independent non-profit board and suspended their formal advisory relationship with the City Council. In March of 2000, the City Council passed an ordinance (Ordinance 2000-087 – Exhibit 2) authorizing an agreement between the City of Denton and Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. The agreement, which was most recently updated in 2015 (Ordinance 2015-239 – Exhibit 3), does not clarify the role or reporting structure City Hall 215 E. McKinney Street Denton, Texas www.cityofdenton.com for Keep Denton Beautiful staff or specify the relationship between the City of Denton and Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. Although the organizational and funding structure has evolved, the City of Denton has funded in -house staff to support Keep Denton Beautiful initiatives since 1987. In September 2019, the City’s Keep Denton Beautiful division was reorganized under the Parks and Recreation Department and the number of KDB City staff was reduced from 3.5 FTEs to 2 full-time positions. The City’s KDB division has a Fiscal Year 2019-2020 operating budget of $292,770 funded out of the Solid Waste Fund (FY2018-19: $406,613). As directed by City Council, staff prepared a new draft agreement with Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc., attached as Exhibit 4. The proposed agreement is for a term of one year with an option to renew annually pending an annual presentation to Council. In working with the Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. Board of Directors, staff have refined the terms and have completed the updated agreement for Council consideration during the Jan. 28 City Council meeting. Article I of Exhibit 6 outlines services provided by Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc., including the following: • Presenting and receiving approval of an Annual Plan that outlines planned programming and fundraising activities for the upcoming fiscal year; • Planning and coordinating fundraising and marketing activities with the City for mutually agreed upon programs; • Maintaining records and accounts that accurately documents all funds received and costs incurred by Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc.; • Preparing gift and pledge records in accordance internal financial procedures; • Preparing quarterly and annual reports on items such as donations, disbursements, volunteer hours, and in-kind services provided; and • Engaging an independent certified public accounting firm to conduct a financial audit every three years. In addition, Article II of Exhibit 6, outlines the obligations of the City of Denton including the following: • Providing funding for an Executive Director salary of $50,000; • Providing approximately 100 square feet of office space and necessary utilities to operate; • Providing storage and meeting space for Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. to carry out its functions and obligations to the City; • Identifying projects and initiatives where Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. can provide fundraising and volunteer support; • Continue providing funding support in the annual operating budget; • Continue collecting and disbursing donations made to Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. on City utility bills; • Continue allowing City staff to assist with program management, volunteer recruitment, grant applications, and responsibilities as defined in the City’s updated job descriptions; and • Maintaining exclusive authority to make all decisions regarding the use of City funds, City sta ff, and other City resources. Any additional financial or in-kind support that the City provides to Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. outside of the services outlined in the annual agreement should be approved by the City Council in the form of a Service Agreement. OPTIONS Staff has identified the following options and is requesting direction from the City Council on how to proceed: • Option 1: Do not proceed with an agreement with Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. • Option 2: Make recommendation modifications to the draft as directed by City Council • Option 3: Proceed with finalizing the draft agreement EXHIBITS Exhibit 1 Agenda Information Sheet Exhibit 2 Ordinance 2000-087 Exhibit 3 Ordinance 2015-239 Exhibit 4 List of KDB Programs and Events Exhibit 5 FY 2019-2020 Keep Denton Beautiful Funding Overview Exhibit 6 Draft Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. Agreement Exhibit 7 Presentation Respectfully submitted: Gary Packan Director of Parks and Recreation Prepared by: Autumn Natalie KDB Program Manager KEEP DENTON BEAUTIFUL PROGRAMS & EVENTS PROGRAMS KDB, Inc. programs are funded through community support in the form of mon etary and in-kind donations, sponsorships, and grants. ADOPT-A-SPOT (year-round): This program is designed to promote volunteer investment in the cleanliness of city roadways, parks, and other public properties. Selected sites may also be landscaped. Participating groups are asked to clean an assigned stretch of roadway or park on a quarterly basis. CHILDREN’S ARBOR DAY (April): Each year, in conjunction with the Denton Redbud Festival Arbor Day celebration, KDB offers free Redbud tree seedlings and tree planting education presentations to participating Pre-K and third grade classes in Denton. Approximately 1,200 seedlings are distributed annually through this program. CIGARETTE LITTER PREVENTION PROGRAM: Launched by Keep America Beautiful (KAB), the Cigarette Litter Prevention Program aims to reduce the prevalence of Denton’s number one most littered item, cigarette butts. The program’s primary function is to encourage proper butt disposable by placing cigarette receptacles in common smoking areas. Through grant funding from KAB, KDB has placed 25 in - ground receptacles and 20 Sidewalk Buttler (post-mounted) receptacles around downtown Denton, the Fry Street area, and in Quakertown Park. The receptacles are regularly emptied by volunteers and KDB staff and then shipped to be upcycled into items like park benches. COMMUNITY APPEARANCE INDEX (August): KDB cleanup locations are guided by an annual Community Appearance Index that gauges Denton’s most littered areas. A one-day windshield survey performed by volunteers and staff provides accurate data to rate the community’s overall litter levels. ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION GRANTS: KDB’s Environmental Education Grants Program provides grant funding for school-based environmental learning projects. The Environmental Education Grants Program awards $2,500-3,000 in grant funds annually, with a maximum of $500 per applicant school. Sample projects include outdoor learning centers, butterfly gardens, farm -to -table vegetable gardens, recycling education programs, and more. KDB PUBLIC GARDEN: KDB maintains one public garden space within the Denton city limits – the Denia Wildflower Garden at Denia Rec Center. Since the garden was established, volunteers of all ages have donated their time to maintain it and help it flourish. Volunteers weed, cut back plant material, lay down mulch, and participate in other gardening work; in exchange, they receive educational information from KDB about native plants, Denton’s soil and ecology, and earth -friendly gardening techniques. MEETUP CLEANUPS: KDB’s most popular year-round volunteer opportunity, the Meetup Cleanups program provides volunteers with cleanup supplies (bags, gloves, litter grabbing tools, and vests) to collect litter in the community. This program is ongoing, and volunteers can schedule their cleanup on - demand. KEEP DENTON BEAUTIFUL PROGRAMS & EVENTS MURAL ART INITIATIVE: The Mural Art Initiative is a community beautification initiative, created to inspire civic pride and abate graffiti in Denton’s public spaces by painting new murals throughout the city. KDB, with input from Denton volunteers and community members, launche d this effort in 2015 and have since commissioned four public murals. NEIGHBORHOOD BEAUTIFICATION GRANTS: The purpose of the Neighborhood Beautification Grants Program is to support Denton residents in their efforts to create a clean and beautiful Dento n community; to build strong and vibrant neighborhoods; and to invest in a shared sense of identity and place. This program provides funding for projects satisfying one or more of the three mission focus areas of KDB – litter prevention, reduction of waste, and community beautification. Applicant groups who meet the eligibility requirements may request up to $1,000 in grant funds. YARD OF THE MONTH (March to October): Each month during the program year, several Yard of the Months are selected by district by KDB volunteer judges, based on appearance, design, and curb appeal. One Business Yard of the Month is also selected. EVENTS KDB, Inc. events are funded through community support in the form of monetary and in-kind donations, sponsorships, and grants. ANNUAL APPRECIATION EVENT (October): Each year to thank its donors and volunteers, KDB’s hosts an appreciation event with dinner and awards honoring our top KDB supporters. This event allows the organization the opportunity to thank the individuals and groups that do so much for KDB’s cause. COMMUNITY TREE GIVEAWAY (third Saturday in October): Each year KDB gives back to the community by offering free trees to Denton residents to plant on their private property. The Giveaway takes place at the Landfill. Approximately 700 trees are given away through this program annually. DENTON REDBUD FESTIVAL (April): In 1993, the 73rd Texas Legislature recognized Denton as the Redbud Capital of Texas. To celebrate, Keep Denton Beautiful revived and re-imagined a former Texas Woman’s University event, the Redbud Festival. The modern-day Denton Redbud Festival is Denton’s official Arbor Day event, featuring Arbor Day celebration activities, tree and plant sales, food vendors, home improvement and gardening education, and children’s environmental activities. There are approximately 75 vendor booths and approximately 3,500 Denton residents in attendance each year. FUNDRAISING EVENTS: KDB’s programs are funded solely through community support from individuals, businesses, civic organizations, and the City of Denton. Events like business mixers, membership events, and North Texas Giving Day provide opportunities to share KDB’s mission with local supporters. GREAT AMERICAN CLEANUP (March): An annual cleanup event that results in thousands of volunteers removing several tons of litter from more than 100 miles of streets, waterways , and public spaces in Denton. KEEP DENTON BEAUTIFUL PROGRAMS & EVENTS DENTON TREE INITIATIVE PROGRAMS Launched in 2016 in response to a Council request, the Denton Tree Initiative (DTI) is a citywide tree planting partnership between KDB, Inc. and the City of Denton that aims to increase Denton’s tree canopy by offering free trees, forestry education, and tree planting incentives to Denton residents, businesses, neighborhoods, and schools. The DTI programs are funded through the City’s Tree Mitigation Fund. ARBOR DAY SCHOOL CAMPUS PLANTINGS (April): Expanded from KDB’s long-running Children’s Arbor Day Program, this program offers up to two three-inch caliper shade trees for Denton ISD and Denton-area school campuses and includes delivery and planting services. CITIZEN FORESTER TRAINING PROGRAM: Created by the Cross Timbers Urban Forestry Council, the Citizen Forester Training Program provides individuals with 36 combined hours of classroom instruction and hands-on field training in urban forestry practices. The purpose of the course is to train individual citizens to become certified to restore, enhance and protect Denton’s urban forest. FREE TREE CLASSES (April): A mini tree giveaway event at Denton’s official Arbor Day Celebration, the Denton Redbud Festival. Denton residents are invited to complete a 30-minute tree-care class led by Certified Arborists and receive a free three-gallon tree to take home. This is a one-day-only opportunity, held on site during the Denton Redbud Festival. TREE REBATES (October – May): The Tree Rebate Program is one of six programs under the Denton Tree Initiative, a campaign from KDB and the City of Denton designed to increase Denton's tree canopy by offering free trees, forestry education, and tree planting incentives to Denton residents, businesses, neighborhoods, and schools. Rebates for planting trees are available to City utility customers when planting a qualifying native or adaptive tree species within the city limits. TREE YOUR BLOCK (fall and spring): Tree Your Block is a neighborhood-based tree giveaway program that targets Denton neighborhoods with lower -than-average tree canopy cover. Through this program, KDB works directly with neighborhood volunteers and residents to host a one -day tree giveaway event at a convenient location right in their own neighborhood. TREES MEAN BUSINESS (October – May): A giveaway program targeting tree plantings on business properties in Denton. Applicant businesses are eligible to receive up to five free three -inch caliper shade trees, which includes delivery and planting services. City Division Budget 2014-2015 Actual 2015-2016 Actual 2016-2017 Actual 2017-2018 Actual 2018-2019 Actual 2019-2020 Budget Personal Services $239,150 $245,663 $256,879 $222,655 $287,047 $187,585 Rent of Building --$40,194 $37,242 $46,900 $49,500 $54,000 Materials and Supplies $12,720 $22,454 $19,959 $10,781 $12,400 $6,000 Maintenance and Repair $432 $882 $0 $0 $9,372 $0 Insurance $2,786 $2,806 $1,217 $2,903 $3,972 $2,714 Miscellaneous $305 $480 $293 $164 $600 $200 Operations*$11,020 $9,719 $7,842 $8,962 $16,375 $11,396 Interfund Transfers $51,562 $29,829 $23,010 $33,907 $27,347 $30,875 Total City Budget $317,975 $352,027 $346,442 $326,273 $406,613 $292,770 *Utility and janitorial added in 2018-2019 budget; were previously paid out of SWR main utility object code and Fleet Services KDB, Inc. Income Proposed Corporate Sponsorships*$9,950 $9,750 $9,000 $7,008 $11,000 $14,800 City Sponsorships City of Denton Contract Payment $10,000 $10,000 $10,000 $10,000 $10,000 $10,000 Denton Municipal Electric $11,500 $11,500 $12,050 $11,500 $8,000 $11,500 Watershed Protection $8,000 $9,000 $9,500 $6,500 $7,000 $7,000 Solid Waste and Recycling --$2,500 -------- Subtotal for City Sponsorships $29,500 $33,000 $31,550 $28,000 $25,000 $28,500 Total Corporate and City Sponsorships $39,450 $42,750 $40,550 $35,008 $36,000 $43,300 Grants $13,000 $8,900 $9,000 $14,000 $14,500 $15,000 Memberships, Individual Contributions, Campaigns $14,260 $5,103 $10,172 $11,140 $15,493 $12,450 Merchandise, Third Party Donations, Special Events*$14,886 $16,441 $19,014 $11,432 $11,950 $9,325 Interest Earned $1 $1 $1 $3 $6 $3 Total KDB, Inc. Income $81,597 $73,195 $78,737 $71,583 $77,949 $80,078 *World Wear Project and Metals-to-Cash discontinued during FY 2017-2018 2014-2015 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019 2019-2020 Total City Sponsorships $29,500 $33,000 $31,550 $28,000 $25,000 $28,500 Total Non-City Sponsorships and Other $52,097 $40,195 $47,187 $43,583 $52,949 $51,578 Percent KDB, Inc. Programs City Funded 36%45%40%39%32%36% Percent Programs Funded by Other Sources 64%55%60%61%68%64% Total KDB, Inc. Income and City Budget $399,572 $425,222 $425,179 $397,856 $484,562 $372,848 Percent Total City Funded 87%91%89%89%89%86% Percent Total Funded Other Sources 13%9%11%11%11%14% Data compiled by Autumn Natalie and current as of Jan. 3, 2020 Summary of KDB, Inc. Program and Event Funding Sources Does not include Denton Tree Initiative income or expenses Keep Denton Beautiful Budget/Income Information FY14-15 to Present STATE OF TEXAS § § COUNTY OF DENTON § AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE CITY OF DENTON AND KEEP DENTON BEAUTIFUL, INC. THIS AGREEMENT ("Agreement") is made and entered into as of the __________ day of ___________________, 2020 between the City of Denton, a Texas home-rule municipal corporation, (the “City”) and Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc., a Texas not for profit corporation (“KDB”). (The City and KDB are collectively referred to as the "Parties" and separately as a "Party") WHEREAS, KDB incorporated on April 13, 1995 as a Texas non-profit corporation to improve and maintain the cleanliness and beauty of the community through education, public outreach, and the coordination of volunteers; WHEREAS, on April 19, 1996, the US Internal Revenue Service granted KDB tax- exempt status under section 501(a) of the Internal Revenue Code as a qualified 501(c)(3) organization; WHEREAS, KDB is an approved affiliate of Keep America Beautiful, Inc.; WHEREAS, pursuant to KDB’s Bylaws, as revised and adopted on January 16, 2020, KDB's specific purposes are to: engage the community in creating a clean and beautiful Denton; implement and maintain the Keep America Beautiful, Inc. system in Denton; and solicit and receive contributions of monies, services, products, property, and facilities from private and public sources and to disburse said funds for the accomplishment of the mission of Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc.; WHEREAS, in furtherance of its specific purposes, KDB defines programs, events, activities, projects, and initiatives as set forth in Exhibit “A” (separately "KDB Program" and collectively, “KDB Programs”) throughout the year in the City of Denton; WHEREAS, the collaboration between governments and non-profit organizations promotes volunteerism and engagement; WHEREAS, it is often necessary for the City to obtain volunteer services from outside sources to assure that the City fulfills the needs and expectations of its citizens; WHEREAS, the City and KDB will coordinate to maximize the benefit of partnership interests to serve the needs of the citizens of Denton to improve the quality of life and protect the environment for the benefit of all; and WHEREAS, this Agreement establishes a governing document defining the relationship and operations of the City and KDB and ensuring accountability regarding the financial transactions by and between the City and KDB; NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the covenants, promises, ter ms, and provisions contained herein, and for the considerations expressed herein, the City and KDB mutually AGREE to the following: ARTICLE I OBLIGATIONS OF KEEP DENTON BEAUTIFUL, INC. A. KDB Programs. KDB staff and KDB board members shall provide oversight and strategic direction for the KDB Programs. B. Annual Plan. An Annual Plan as set forth in Exhibit “B” will be developed in cooperation between the City and KDB, outlining KDB’s activit ies for the upcoming year. The Annual Plan will consist of community outreach, coordination of volunteers, and implementation of events. In addition, the plan will outline how KDB plans to utilize any and all funding provided to KDB for staff expenses and program related activity. Prior to being implemented, the Annual Plan must be approved by both the City Council and KDB board. Adjustments may be made as needed only by consent of both the Denton City Council and KDB board throughout the course of the year. C. Fundraising. KDB shall design, formulate, and execute fundraising activities to secure, administer, and provide funds for the KDB Programs in accordance with following procedures and requirements: 1. KDB shall have full control over the use of any funds received through their sole fundraising effort ("KDB Funds") and shall be responsible for the full administration of KDB Funds. 2. KDB shall obtain approval of the City Manager, or the City Manager's designee, prior to holding any special event or donor and sponsor recognition events at City facilities. D. Executive Director. KDB will hire, train, and provide oversight to an Executive Director with the duties as set forth in Exhibit “C.” This position will provide activities such as, but not limited to, support of the KDB board, financial oversight, fundraising, and day-to-day operations of KDB, to carry out the functions of KDB in accordance with this Agreement. The Executive Director is an employee of KDB and shall not be considered to be an employee or agent of the City and shall not be entitled to any payment or benefit from the City on account of services performed pursuant to this Agreement. E. Accounting and Administration. 1. KDB shall provide an annual report to the Cit y Council summarizing KDB’s programming, financial information and benefit to the City, including itemized donations, contributions, and in-kind contributions to the City. 2. Unless expressly provided otherwise in this Agreement, KDB shall perform all necessary accounting, banking, financial, and administrative functions for its operations. The City shall not provide accounting or bookkeeping functions for KDB. 3. KDB shall retain all books, records, documents, and reports pertaining to the fundraising, donations, and services provided to City under this Agreement for a period of five (5) years from the date of record. 4. Every one (1) year prior to the renewal of this Agreement, KDB shall retain an independent certified public accounting firm to: account for and audit all funds and properties received; and render a report to the Board of Directors of KDB and to the City Council. 5. KDB shall adhere to all KDB financial po licies. If City staff requires funds for KDB Programs, the City shall provide a memorandum to KDB with attached invoices and supporting documentation and KDB shall process payment in accordance with its policies and procedures. KDB shall prepare, maintain, and preserve accurate gift and pledge records and tax receipts. F. Conflict of Interest. KDB covenants that: a. Neither it nor any member of its governing body presently has any interest, direct or indirect, which would conflict in any manner or degree with t he performance of services required to be performed under this Agreement ; b. In the performance of this Agreement, no person having such interest shall be em- ployed or appointed as a member of its governing body; c. No member of its governing body or its staff, subcontractors, or employees shall possess any interest in or use his/her position for a purpose that is or gives the ap- pearance of being motivated by desire for private gain for himself/herself, or others; particularly those with which he/she has family, business, or other ties; d. No officer, member, or employee of KDB and no member of its governing body who exercises any function or responsibilities in the review or approval of the un- dertaking or carrying out of this Agreement shall participate in any decision relating to the Agreement which affects his personal interest or the interest in any corpora- tion, partnership, or foundation in which he has direct or indirect interest ; and e. It shall perform annual conflict of interest disclosures for its Board, Directors, and employees that identify business relationships, investments, compensation ar- rangements, and family. ARTICLE II OBLIGATIONS OF THE CITY OF DENTON The City of Denton will provide the following: A. In-Kind Contributions. 1. The City shall supervise employees reasonably necessary for the City to meet its obligations under this Agreement to facilitate the KDB Programs and the Annual Plan in cooperation with the KDB Board of Directors and volunteers. The existence, allocation, and job descriptions of City staff are subject to change at any time within the sole discretion of the City. 2. The City shall provide office space, storage, and meeting space as available, for KDB to carry out KDB operations, KDB Programs, functions, and contractual obligations to the City. 3. The City shall provide utilities, telephone service, and access to public WIFI reasonably needed by KDB to carry out its activities as authorized in City’s annual operating budget. B. Annual Allocation of Personnel Funds. Fifty Thousand Dollars and No Cents ($50,000.00) shall be paid to KDB by the City in fiscal year 2019-20 to be utilized for the sole purpose of the employment of a KDB Executive Director. This amount may be prorated at the City’s discretion based on a vacancy of the KDB Executive Director position. C. Annual Allocation of Program Funds. The City shall annually allocate and disburse the following amounts to KDB on or before the first (1st) day of November of each year during the term or any extension of this Agreement. These funds shall be restricted for KDB Programs which serve a legitimate public purpose and will not be used in KDB Operations. a. Ten Thousand Dollars and No Cents ($10,000) from Solid Waste & Recycling funds. b. Eleven Thousand Five Hundred Dollars and No Cents ($11,500) from Denton Municipal Electric funds. c. Six Thousand Five Hundred Dollars and No Cents ($6,500) from Watershed Protection funds. D. Administrative Assistance. City staff shall direct all KDB contributions to the KDB Executive Director or KDB’s designated representative. City staff shall not receive cash designated for KDB. The City shall have no responsibility for lost, stole n, or misplaced payments for KDB. A receipt of money donated to the City, on behalf of KDB, will be documented through a written donor agreement or receipt , recording donations received by the City and related expenses into the City’s recordkeeping software. E. Grant Writing Staff Assistance and Limitations. City staff shall give guidance, cooperate, and assist KDB with the writing of any grant applications which are mutually beneficial to the City and KDB. F. Disbursement of Donations. The City shall disburse any funds collected by the City on behalf of KDB (such as through the utility bill) to KDB within thirty (30) days of the end of the fiscal year in which the funds are received by the City. G. Cooperation for Applications and Awards. The City shall give guidance, cooperate, and assist KDB to prepare affiliate reports for Governor ’s Community Achievement Awards; Keep Texas Beautiful and Keep America Beautiful Affiliate awards; all other documentation required for Denton to maintain its Tree City USA status; and other grants and awards that may further the mission of KDB and the City. H. Amendment to Funding. Upon request from KDB or the City, and with approval of the City Council, this Agreement may be amended as needed in regard to the supplement of the annual allocation and disbursement of funds for the performance of the KDB Program and administrative funding in this Agreement. ARTICLE III COORDINATION OF KDB PROGRAMS AND PARTIES' OBLIGATIONS A. Implementation of Programs. The City employees assigned by the City to meet its obligations under this Agreement shall cooperate and partner with the KDB Board of Directors in implementing the KDB Programs. B. City Employees. Any personnel employed by the City shall be employees of the City and shall not be employees of KDB. The City shall be solely responsible for the supervision, management , and control of City employees and any payroll, taxation, or other employment obligation, if any, incident to their work. All work performed by or on behalf of the City or by City employees under this Agreement, including the employees described in Section II. A of this Agreement, is the responsibility of the City and not KDB. C. KDB Employees. Any personnel employed by KDB shall be employees of KDB and shall not be employees of the City. KDB shall be solely responsible for the supervision, management , and control of KDB employees and any payroll, taxation, or other employment obligation, if any, incident to their work. All work performed by or on behalf of KDB or by KDB employees under this Agreement, including the employees described in Article I. D. of this Agreement, is the responsibility of KDB and not the City. D. KDB Volunteers. Any personnel volunteering on behalf of KDB shall be deemed volunteers respectively of KDB. Employees of the City may volunteer with KDB when no conflict of interest is present . City of Denton employees must comply with the City’s Volunteer Impact Program (VIP) policy (#107.06) and Ethics policy (#10.00). ARTICLE IV THE TERM OF AGREEMENT To the extent allowed by state law, this Agreement shall be effective from the execution date and shall remain in full force and effect until September 30, 20 20. This Agreement may be renewed for one (1) additional one (1) year period if the City and KDB agree in writing to extend the term of this Agreement prior to the termination of the first term. The City or KDB shall have the right to terminate the Agreement, in whole or in part, without cau se any time upon thirty (30) calendar days’ written notice. Upon receipt of a notice of termination, KDB shall promptly cease all further work pursuant to the Agreement, with such exceptions, if any, agreed to by both Parties in writing at the time notice of termination is given. ARTICLE V REPRESENTATIONS AND ASSURANCES BY THE PARTIES A. Joint Representations. KDB and the City represent and warrant the following upon which the other may reasonably rely in entering into this Agreement: 1. KDB is a Texas non-profit corporation separate and independent from the City. 2. This Agreement does not in any way constitute a principal-agent relationship between the City and KDB. Neither the City nor KDB will assert control over the other. 3. In the absence of an agreement providing otherwise, title to any fixture donated by KDB to the City and installed on City owned property shall vest in the City upon completion of construction or installation and acceptance by the City and the City shall bear the cost of maintenance or replacement of such fixture. This representation includes, but is not limited to, beautification projects such as trees, plants, and shrubbery planted on City property, as well as fixtures, signage, and receptacles. 4. Nothing herein shall be considered a work-for-hire or conveyance of KDB's intellectual property to the City. B. KDB Representations. KDB represents and warrants the following upon which the City may reasonably rely in entering into this Agreement: 1. KDB has been established as a non-profit corporation, formed under the laws of the State of Texas and qualified as tax-exempt under the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. KDB shall maintain its status as a tax-exempt organization under state and federal law to ensure that donations to KDB may qualify as deductible, charitable contributions for its donors. 2. Neither KDB nor any member of its governing body presently has any interest, direct or indirect, which would conflict in any manner or degree with the performance of KDB's services under this Agreement. 3. KDB has no authority to supervise, direct, control, or demand that a City employee perform any function on behalf of KDB. If not otherwise governed by a service agreement approved by the Denton City Council, a KDB request fo r administrative support of KDB by a City employee shall be submitted to the Parks and Recreation Department Director, who shall have discretion to approve such request. All support of KDB by a City employee shall be accounted for as an in-kind contribution of the City to KDB. 4. KDB will not appoint a person having an interest as described in Section 2 above to KDB's governing body during the Term of this Agreement. 5. No member of KDB's governing body or its staff, subcontractors, or employees shall possess any interest in or use his/her position for a purpose that is or gives the appearance of being motivated by desire for private gain for himself/herself, or others; particularly those with which he/she has family, business, or ot her ties. 6. KDB will follow all applicable laws and City procedures including city and building code requirements during KDB Program-related activities conducted on City property. 7. All work performed by or on behalf of KDB is the responsibility of KDB and not the City. KDB shall not be deemed liable for any act, omission, or obligation of the City, and the City shall not be deemed liable for any act, omission, or obligation of KDB. 8. This Agreement does not grant KDB a right to use the City's name or tradema rks. C. City Representations. City represents and warrants the following upon which KDB may reasonably rely in entering into this Agreement: No officer, member, or employee of City, and no member of its governing body, who exercises any function or responsibilities in the review or approval of the undertaking or carrying out of this Agreement shall participate in any decision relating to the Agreement which affects his personal interest or the interest in any corporatio n, partnership, or foundation in which he has direct or indirect interest. ARTICLE VI INDEMNITY KDB AGREES TO INDEMNIFY, HOLD HARMLESS, AND DEFEND THE CITY, ITS OFFICERS, AGENTS, AND EMPLOYEES FROM AND AGAINST ANY AND ALL CLAIMS OR SUITS FOR INJURIES, DAMAGE, LOSS, OR LIABILITY OF WHATEVER KIND OR CHARACTER, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE PERFORMANCE BY KDB OR THOSE SERVICES CONTEMPLATED BY THIS AGREEMENT, INCLUDING ALL SUCH CLAIMS OR CAUSES OF ACTION BASED UPON COMMON, CONSTITUTIONAL, OR STATUTORY LAW, OR BASED, IN WHOLE OR IN PART, UPON ALLEGATIONS OF NEGLIGENT OR INTENTIONAL ACTS OF KDB, ITS OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES, AGENTS, VOLUNTEERS, SUBCONTRACTORS, LICENSEES, AND INVITEES. In the event any damage is caused to the equipment or facilities provided by the City hereunder, by the negligence or improper conduct of KDB, its agents, volunteers, subcontractors , or employees, KDB shall cause the said damage to be repaired at its own cost and expense within thirty (30) days of notice. This obligation does not extend to damage caused solely by the City, or any employee, contractor, agent, volunteer, or other representative of the City. ARTICLE VII NOTICE Any notice or other written instrument required or permitted to be delivered under the terms of this Agreement shall be deemed to have been delivered, whether actually received or not, when deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, registered or certified, return receipt requested, or via electronic mail, hand-delivery or facsimile, addressed or sent to KDB or City, as the case may be, at the following addresses: CITY KDB City of Denton, Texas Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. Attn: City Manager Attn: President 215 E. McKinney 601 E. Hickory St. Suite B Denton, TX 76201 Denton, TX 76205 Todd.Hileman@cityofdenton.com president@kdb.org Either Party may change its mailing address by sending notice of change of address to the other at the above address by certified mail, return receipt requested. ARTICLE VIII RIGHT TO AUDIT The City, at its sole expense, shall have the right to audit and make copies of the books, fundraising activities, pledges, donations, gifts, statements, financial records, and computations pertaining to funds provided to KDB by the City. KDB shall retain such books, records, documents , and other evidence pertaining to the Agreement period for five (5) years thereafter, except if an audit is in progress or audit findings are yet unresolved, in which case records shall be kept until all audit tasks are completed and resolved. These books, records, documents and other evidence shall be available, within ten (10) business days of written request. All books and records will be made available within a 50-mile radius of the City of Denton. The cost of the audit will be borne by the City. Failure to comply with the provisions of this section shall be a material breach of th is Agreement. ARTICLE IX ETHICS KDB will adopt and comply with policies regarding code of conduct, conflicts of interest , and potential conflicts of interest consistent with this Agreement and the existing City Denton Ethics Policy applicable to City employees. ARTICLE X ADMINISTRATION OF AGREEMENT The President of KDB shall be the officer responsible for administration of the Agreement for KDB. The City Manager, or the City Manager's designee, shall be the City staff member responsible for the administration of this Agreement on behalf of the City. ARTICLE XI NO ASSIGNMENT This Agreement is solely between the Parties and cannot be assigned to another party without the express advance written approval of the non-assigning Party. ARTICLE XII MODIFICATION OF AGREEMENT No modification of this Agreement shall be effective unless it is in writing and signed by the Parties. ARTICLE XIII GOVERNING LAW AND VENUE This Agreement is subject to, governed by, and shall be construed under the laws of the State of Texas. Venue of any suit or cause of action arising under this Agreement shall be exclusively in Denton County, Texas. ARTICLE XIV SEVERABILTY If any provision of this Agreement is found or deemed by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid or unenforceable, it shall be considered severable from the remainder of this Agreement, and shall not cause the remainder of this Agreeme nt to be invalid or unenforceable. In such event, the Parties shall reform this Agreement to replace such stricken provision with a valid and enforceable provision which comes as close as possible to expressing the intention of the Parties respecting the stricken provision. ARTICLE XV INTEGRATION This Agreement, together with any attached exhibits or documents, constitutes the entire understanding between the Parties with respect to the subject matter of this Agreement. This Agreement replaces and supersedes any prior discussions, negotiations, agreements, and understandings. ARTICLE XVI CAPTIONS The captions of this Agreement are for informational purposes only and shall not in any way affect the substantive terms or conditions of this Agreement. ARTICLE XVII NON-WAIVER OF RIGHTS Failure of a Party to require performance by another Party under the Agreement will not affect the right of such Party to require performance in the future. No delay, failure, or waiver of either Party’s exercise or partial exercise of any right or remedy under the Agreement shall operate to limit, impair, preclude, cancel, waive, or otherwise affect such right or remedy. A waiver by a Party of any breach of any term of the Agreement will not be construed as a waiver of any continuing or succeeding breach. ARTICLE XVIII NO WAIVER OF SOVEREIGN IMMUNITY The Parties expressly agree that no provision of the Agreement is in any way intended to constitute a waiver by the City of Denton of any immunities from suit or from liability that the City of Denton may have by operation of law. ARTICLE XIX AVAILABILITY OF FUNDING The awarding or continuation of this Agreement is dependent upon the availability of funding. The City’s payment obligations are payable only and solely from funds appropriated and available for this Agreement. The absence of appropriated or other lawfull y available funds shall render this Agreement null and void to the extent funds are not appropriated or available. In the event of none or inadequate appropriation of funds, there will be no penalty nor removal fees charged to the City. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the City and KDB have executed this Agreement in duplicate original counterparts, the City acting by and through its duly-authorized City Manager, and KDB acting by and through its duly-authorized undersigned officer, on this the day of _____________, 2020. CITY OF DENTON ____________________________________ TODD HILEMAN, CITY MANAGER ATTEST: ROSA RIOS, CITY SECRETARY BY: __________________________________ APPROVED AS TO LEGAL FORM: AARON LEAL, CITY ATTORNEY BY: _________________________________ KEEP DENTON BEAUTIFUL, INC. ____________________________________ MANNIX O’CONNOR, PRESIDENT THIS AGREEMENT HAS BEEN BOTH REVIEWED AND APPROVED as to financial and operational obligations and business terms. _________________________ Signature _________________________ Title _________________________ Department Date Signed: ______________ Exhibit A – Solo page EXHIBIT A KDB PROGRAMS AND EVENTS KDB develops and makes recommendations on issues related to the appearance and environment of Denton, Texas. KDB organizes and implements programs, projects, and educational opportunities in the areas of litter abatement, community beautification, urban forestry, and environmental awareness. KDB Programs include but are not limited to the following:  Denton Redbud Festival;  Great American Cleanup;  Community Tree Giveaway;  Yard of the Month;  Adopt-A-Spot;  Garden Workdays;  Beautification Projects;  Tree Planting Programs;  Litter Prevention programs;  Environmental Education and Neighborhood Beautification Grants;  Special Cleanup Activities; and  Sponsorship and Appreciation Events. Annual Plan: FY 2019-2020 1 Event dates shown are subject to change due to weather, holidays, conflicting events, budget constraints, or other unforeseen conflicts. Created by Program Manager Autumn Natalie on behalf of KDB, Inc. – Updated 2/27/2020 EVENTS Community Tree Giveaway (October 19, 2019) The Community Tree Giveaway (est. 1999) is a one-day free tree distribution event offering native shade trees to Denton residents. A total of 700 trees are distributed, with seven different species offered, all of which are drought-tolerant, and native or well-adapted for Denton soils and climate. The program is limited to Denton residents, and participants must register in advance to receive a tree. Great American Cleanup (March 21, 2020) The Great American Cleanup (GAC) (est. 1987) is Denton’s largest city-wide litter cleanup event with more than 2,500 participants annually. GAC is part of an annual, nationwide litter cleanup effort led by Keep America Beautiful, and Denton is one of more than 20,000 communities that participate each spring. Free cleanup supplies – including trash and recycling bags, litter grabbers, and vinyl gloves – are provided at no cost to registered volunteers. The network of cleanups concludes with a Volunteer Appreciation Party hosted at Quakertown Park. Denton Redbud Festival (April 4, 2020) The Denton Redbud Festival (est. 1996), Denton’s official Arbor Day Celebration, is a free home and garden festival with live music, food, vendors, entertainment, tree and plant sales, free trees, and educational workshops. With 2,500+ attendees annually, the event co-hosts SCRAP Denton’s annual TRASHion Fashion Runway Show. The festival celebrates Denton’s designation by the 73rd Texas State Legislature as the "Redbud Capital of Texas." Children’s Arbor Day (typically April – on hold in 2020 due to staff reduction) This event offers forestry education presentations to pre-K and third graders in Denton-area schools. The children receive free Redbud seedlings to plant at home. Schools where many children do not have a yard in which to plant a tree may receive campus trees (3-gallon size). Presenters are volunteers, many of them certified Master Gardeners or Citizen Foresters. This event is supported solely through corporate sponsorships. Annual Plan: FY 2019-2020 2 Event dates shown are subject to change due to weather, holidays, conflicting events, budget constraints, or other unforeseen conflicts. Created by Program Manager Autumn Natalie on behalf of KDB, Inc. – Updated 2/27/2020 EVENTS CONT. Annual Appreciation Reception (early to mid-August) KDB, Inc. hosts this event each year as a thank-you to the year-round volunteers that make the programs and events possible. Awards are given in several volunteer/sponsor categories. Sponsorships, donations from local businesses, and gift card donations are used for the event. Business Mixer (early August) An annual Business Mixer for its current business members and local businesses to learn more about opportunities to support KDB, Inc. City of Denton Events: Texas Arbor Day Tree Planting (Nov. 2, 2019) This fall, KDB, Inc. plans to collaborate with the City’s Parks and Recreation Department to host its first Texas Arbor Day volunteer event to plant 50+ trees at South Lakes Park. KDB staff is tasked with promoting the event, coordinating volunteers, coordinating event-day tasks, and other tasks as needed. Scout Day/STEAM Event (Feb. 2, 2020) KDB hosts a table and activity at this STEAM event hosted by the Sustainability Division (previously hosted by Solid Waste & Recycling). State of the City (Jan. 23, 2020) KDB tables this annual event to provide information to residents about its services. No donations are accepted at this event. Annual Plan: FY 2019-2020 3 Event dates shown are subject to change due to weather, holidays, conflicting events, budget constraints, or other unforeseen conflicts. Created by Program Manager Autumn Natalie on behalf of KDB, Inc. – Updated 2/27/2020 PROGRAMS Adopt-A-Spot (year-round) Adopt-A-Spot is a recurring cleanup program for individuals or groups at a designated roadway location with a two-year commitment that requires four cleanups per year. KDB staff provides a brief orientation, supplies, and a location assignment. Measurable outcomes are gleaned from a post-cleanup report. Yard of the Month Yard of the Month runs annually from March to October featuring beautiful yards in eight residential districts and one business district for the city each month relying on public nominations of properties. Volunteer judges review nominations, identify a qualifying yard when no public nominations are received, handle 90% of communications with the owner of the property, place the sign, and take photos of the winning yards. Meetup Cleanups (year-round) Meetup Cleanups are year-round, one-time volunteer opportunities for residents to clean up a street, park, waterway, or trail in Denton. KDB staff provides a brief orientation, supplies, and a location assignment. Measurable outcomes are gleaned from a post- cleanup report. Environmental Education Grants (awarded annually) KDB, Inc. provides up to $3500 in funding for school-based environmental learning projects. Both public and private schools in the City of Denton and Denton ISD are eligible to apply. Sample projects include: outdoor learning centers, school murals, campus beautification, tree planting projects, butterfly gardens, vegetable/food gardens, rainwater collection, and recycling education programs. Annual Plan: FY 2019-2020 4 Event dates shown are subject to change due to weather, holidays, conflicting events, budget constraints, or other unforeseen conflicts. Created by Program Manager Autumn Natalie on behalf of KDB, Inc. – Updated 2/27/2020 PROGRAMS, CONT. Neighborhood Beautification Grants (awarded annually) KDB, Inc. provides up to $2,500 in project funding each year for neighborhoods, nonprofits, and other community groups seeking to achieve one or more of the following: Improve neighborhood public spaces; Beautify the community; or Nurture a shared sense of neighborhood identity and community pride. Sample projects include neighborhood entryway signs and landscaping; community garden projects; place making/pop-up events, and mural art. Denia Garden/Garden Workdays (at least quarterly) KDB, Inc. provides beautification and educational opportunities by maintaining the WaterSmart™, native plant and wildflower demonstration garden at the City of Denton’s Denia Recreation Center. At least four times annually, workdays are scheduled with volunteers to clean up, weed, and mulch the garden. KDB provides gloves, tools, water, and snacks to volunteers, as well as a tutorial on the importance of landscaping with native and adapted plants, and proper garden maintenance techniques. Cigarette Litter Prevention Program (year-round) Staff oversees this program by coordinating volunteers who conduct cigarette scans and clean the cigarette receptacles, and managing the grant funding received from Keep America Beautiful (KAB). The Cigarette Litter Prevention Program’s focus is to maximize cigarette butt receptacle use and minimize butts littered on the ground. KDB hosts a cleanup the first Monday of each month and holds quarterly cigarette litter scans. These scans measure effectiveness of the receptacles in diverting butts from becoming litter. The program is funded solely by grants from KAB, which pays for the marketing materials, cigarette receptacles, and any other miscellaneous costs. FY20 Scan Dates: Oct. 7, Jan. 6, March 16, and May 4. Community Appearance Index (mid-August) To fulfill requirements of Keep America Beautiful, staff conducts an annual Community Appearance Index to assess the state of litter in Denton through a visual assessment of the community’s roadways. Staff coordinates volunteers who perform the all-day scan, which is conducted each August. Annual Plan: FY 2019-2020 5 Event dates shown are subject to change due to weather, holidays, conflicting events, budget constraints, or other unforeseen conflicts. Created by Program Manager Autumn Natalie on behalf of KDB, Inc. – Updated 2/27/2020 PROGRAMS, CONT. Mural Artscapes Initiative (annual) Keep Denton Beautiful, with input from Denton volunteers and neighborhoods, has launched a new effort to create painted mural artwork in key gateway points and neighborhood areas around Denton. The Artscapes Mural Art Initiative targets high traffic and graffiti-prone sites for new murals, using a street art aesthetic to achieve the following goals: beautify and enliven public spaces, abate graffiti, and inspire community action to keep our city clean and beautiful. Denton Tree Initiative Programs The DTI programs are run by COD staff without program or funding oversight from KDB, Inc. Executive Director or Board of Directors. KDB, Inc. assists with program promotion and implementation. The Denton Tree Initiative, funded through the City of Denton’s Tree Mitigation Fund, is designed to increase Denton's tree canopy and plant trees on private property by offering free trees, forestry education, and tree planting incentives to Denton residents, businesses, neighborhoods, and schools. The Denton Tree Initiative is comprised of six programs: 1. Tree Rebate Program (Annual; Oct. – May) The program incentivizes Denton Municipal customers to purchase and plant qualifying trees for a potential $50 rebate per tree, to a maximum of five trees per household. KDB staff promote this program, communicate with local nurseries, and process rebates. 2. Tree Your Block (fall and spring) The Tree Your Block Program provides free trees to Denton residents for planting on private, residential properties. This program offers a neighborhood-centered tree giveaway opportunity, with KDB, Inc. hosting a mini-giveaway on site right in a neighborhood. Annual Plan: FY 2019-2020 6 Event dates shown are subject to change due to weather, holidays, conflicting events, budget constraints, or other unforeseen conflicts. Created by Program Manager Autumn Natalie on behalf of KDB, Inc. – Updated 2/27/2020 PROGRAMS, CONT. 3. Trees Mean Business (fall and spring) This program provides Denton businesses, non-profits, government organizations, and churches with the information and resources to plant trees on their property, and help them thrive. Through this program, KDB provides tree planting education and up to five trees per commercial planting site, per program year, to selected applicants in the Denton city limits. Free tree delivery and planting are included as part of the program. 4. Arbor Day Campus Plantings (April) In celebration of National Arbor Day and Earth Day in April, schools and educational institutions are eligible to request trees (including delivery and planting) for school campuses within city limits or on Denton ISD property. 5. Denton Citizen Forester Training (On hold in 2020) This certification program, through a partnership with the Cross Timbers Urban Forestry Council, provides 36 hours of forestry education in advanced tree biology, planting, and care through hands-on field activities and classroom instruction delivered by top urban forestry professionals. After the six-class course, Citizen Foresters are thoroughly trained to assist with a variety of tree-related activities, including tree maintenance, educational workshops, tree plantings, and tree giveaway programs. 6. Free Tree Classes & Giveaway (April 4, 2020) Held annually at the Denton Redbud Festival, Denton residents are eligible to take home a free three-gallon size tree after attending a 30-minute tree care class. Tree recipients must agree to plant the tree within the Denton city limit Annual Plan: FY 2019-2020 7 Summary of In-Kind and Cash Donations provided by City of Denton Department Donated Services and/or Goods In-Kind Value Cash Sponsorship Solid Waste & Recycling Department Community Tree Giveaway: • Use of the front and back parking lots of SW Admin Building, meeting room, and restrooms • Use of Landfill property • Use of (1) Kubota • SW employee (1) to operate forklift (1 -2 hrs.) • SW employee (1) day of event Great American Cleanup: • (4) SW employees & (2) rear-load trucks (one recycling, one trash) • Free landfill day coordination: SWR waives tipping fees at the landfill for Denton residents and GAC participants (with Denton Driver’s License) ~$8,300 $10,000 (annual city contract payment) Beneficial Reuse Community Tree Giveaway: • DynoDirt coupons for 700 event participants Denia Rec Center Garden Workdays: • Five (5) cubic yards of mulch Membership Program: • One (1) free bag of DynoDirt compost ~$3,852.50 $0 Tech Services Department: Radio Comm. Use of 10-15 radios for Community Tree Giveaway, Great American Cleanup, and Denton Redbud Festival No set cost $0 Denton Municipal Electric Community Tree Giveaway: $2,500 Great American Cleanup: $1,500 Denton Redbud Festival: $2,500 Mural Art Initiative: $1,500 Neighborhood Beautification Grants: $3,500 $0 $11,500 Denton Watershed Protection Great American Cleanup: $3,500 Denton Redbud Festival: $2,000 Environmental Education Grants: $500 Neighborhood Beautification Grants: $500 $0 $6,500 Parks & Recreation Department Great American Cleanup & Denton Redbud Festival: • Use of the Denton Civic Center/Quakertown Park • Waived event deposits (2) • PARD employee (1) building attendant event ~$9,642 $0 Denton Fire Department Great American Cleanup & Denton Redbud Festival: • Waived carnival permit fees (2) $400 $0 Total In- Kind Value Total Cash Sponsorships $22,195 $28,000 Annual Plan: FY 2019-2020 8 CITY OF DENTON STAFF RESPONSIBILITIES • Events & Programs (primary lead) o All planning and coordination tasks associated with programs and events are completed by City of Denton staff with support from KDB, Inc. Board of Directors and board committees. • Marketing (assist when appropriate) Staff assist with promotional needs as related to programs and events and contribute content for the following, as needed: o Monthly KDB newsletter o KDB social media pages (Facebook, Instagram, Twitter) o KDB website/blog o Designs/Artwork o Press releases o Paid advertising (print and electronic) o Printing and distribution of promo materials • Meetings (attend when appropriate) Staff attend as ex-officio members and contribute information and updates as needed: o KDB, Inc. board meetings (monthly) o KDB, Inc. board committee meetings: ▪ Executive Committee (quarterly) ▪ Fundraising & Membership Committee (monthly) ▪ Events & Programs Committee (monthly) ▪ Special Projects Committee (monthly) • Assisting with Award/Grant Writing (primary lead) o Governor’s Community Achievement Award (annual) o Keep Texas Beautiful Awards (annual) o Keep American Beautiful Awards (annual) o Union Pacific Foundation grant (annual) o Various grants as identified • KDB, Inc. Financials & Fundraising (no assistance) No funds will be collected or managed by COD staff: o Forward all check requisitions, invoices, and sponsorship and donation inquiries to Executive Director or appropriate board member Annual Plan: FY 2019-2020 9 • Volunteer Coordination (primary lead) o Volunteer tasks involve coordinating interested individuals and groups with available opportunities. Depending on the needs of the potential volunteer, their knowledge of KDB, and the coordination needed within their group (larger groups equate to more waivers, a more variable schedule, etc.) the extent of communication varies. KDB EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR AND BOARD OF DIRECTORS RESPONSIBILITIES (PROPOSED) • Events & Programs (assist as needed) o All planning and coordination tasks associated with each program or event are completed by City of Denton staff with support from KDB, Inc. Board of Directors and board committees. • Marketing (primary lead) KDB shall be responsible for managing the following: o Monthly KDB newsletter o KDB social media pages (Facebook, Instagram, Twitter) o KDB website/blog o Designs/Artwork o Press releases o Paid advertising (print and electronic) o Printing and distribution of promo materials • Organizing and Leading Meetings (primary lead) o KDB, Inc. board meetings (monthly) o KDB, Inc. board committees ▪ Executive Committee (quarterly) ▪ Fundraising & Membership Committee (monthly) ▪ Events & Programs Committee (monthly) ▪ Special Projects Committee (monthly) • Award/Grant Writing (assist when needed) o Governor’s Community Achievement Award (annual) o Keep Texas Beautiful Awards (annual) o Keep American Beautiful Awards (annual) o Union Pacific Foundation grant (annual) o Various grants as identified Annual Plan: FY 2019-2020 10 • Fundraising (sole party responsible) o Sponsorships ▪ Identifying sponsorships for upcoming programs and events ▪ Requesting City of Denton sponsorships (annual) ▪ Arranging meetings with potential sponsors and board members ▪ Coordinating in-kind sponsorships o Memberships & Donations ▪ Processing KDB, Inc. memberships (annual donations) and outright donations ▪ Coordinates membership drives, give back nights, etc. ▪ Coordinates participation in North Texas Giving Day, an annual fundraising day for nonprofits in North Texas ▪ Handles all monies associated with donations and membership sales o Merchandise Sales ▪ Processes any merchandise sales that benefit KDB, Inc. ▪ Handles all monies associated with merchandise sales ▪ Stores and inventories merchandise owned by KDB, Inc. • KDB, Inc. Financials (sole party responsible) o Making deposits, paying invoices, receiving donations, etc. o Recording all transactions in accounting software o Creating monthly financial reports for KDB Inc. Board of Directors o Working with KDB, Inc. Treasurer to reconcile monthly financials o Assist with updating financial policies and tracking documents as needed • Volunteer Coordination (assist when needed) o Volunteer tasks are primarily handled by COD staff. However, the KDB, Inc. Executive Director and Board of Directors shall supervise volunteers during programs and events as necessary. Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. Job Description Title: Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. Executive Director Reports to: Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. Board of Directors Definition: Responsible for the management and leadership of the Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization, and facilitates the operations of the nonprofit Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. Works with City of Denton/KDB Program Manager to plan and implement programming. Keep Denton Beautiful operates under a public-nonprofit partnership agreement between the City of Denton and the nonprofit Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc. Essential Functions: Management/Supervisory Responsibilities • Works to uphold and facilitate KDB, Inc.’s mission, vision, and values, as established by the all- volunteer KDB, Inc. Board of Directors • Facilitates the contractual service agreement between KDB, Inc. and the City of Denton to ensure deliverables and expectations are satisfied • Facilitates the work of the KDB, Inc. Board of Directors through coordination of monthly board meetings, assembling board packets and financial reports, and tracking progress toward strategic goals • Assists with Board member recruitment, orientation, and training to ensure best practices and compliance with nonprofit governance, legal, ethical, and fiduciary responsibilities • Works with the KDB, Inc. Board to develop and implement an annual Strategic Action Plan • Works with KDB Program Manager to develop and implement an annual Work Plan, approved by City Council and Management. • Serves as the primary affiliate liaison to Keep Texas Beautiful and Keep America Beautiful • Ensures compliance with Keep Texas Beautiful and Keep America Beautiful “affiliate good standing” requirements, including but not limited to the preparation of semi -annual and annual program output reports, an annual cost-benefit analysis, and grant reports • Monitors industry trends and best practices in nonprofit management, fund development, program administration, and other relevant areas. Attends training and conferences to enhance skills and establish KDB as a leader across all aspects of programming and operations • Maintains regular and punctual attendance Fiscal Responsibilities Exhbit C_KDB, Inc. Executive Director Job Description Page 2 of 4 • Under the direction of the KDB, Inc. Board of Directors, prepares and adheres to KDB, Inc.’s 501(c)(3) nonprofit budget; compiles monthly financial reports; and completes analysis and reporting of budget trends and issues • Plans and organizes nonprofit fundraising and revenue collection activities to underwrite KDB’s programs including, but not limited to: the KDB, Inc. Membership Program; program sponsorships; researching, writing, and managing grant proposals; and planning and coordinating annual fundraising events • Keeps accurate and up-to-date records for all nonprofit income, expenses, and financial activity. Works with the KDB, Inc. Board Treasurer to maintain and submit records for external IRS 990 preparation and audit Program Responsibilities • Facilitates the COD/KDB Program Manager in the strategic development and implementation of KDB programming • Conducts annual evaluations of programs to gauge mission-focus, effectiveness, and impact • Creates, enhances, or discontinues programming as needed to adhere to KDB’s mission strategic plan, and budget resources • Works collaboratively with City staff, community agencies, and oth er stakeholders to ensure the promotion, implementation, and success of all programs Community Relations Responsibilities • Represents KDB in the community • Works with KDB Program Manager to develop strategy-related decisions for the main communication channels for KDB, including but not limited to the KDB website, blog, social media, and print materials • Seeks out public speaking and writing opportunities to promote KDB in the community Additional Duties: • Performs other duties as assigned Minimum Qualifications/Acceptable Equivalency: • Bachelor’s degree in Public Administration, Nonprofit Management, Environmental Science, or similar field • A minimum of 5 years progressively responsible management experience OR • Master’s degree in Public Administration, Nonprofit Management, Environmental Science, or similar field • A minimum of 2 years progressively responsible management experience OR Exhbit C_KDB, Inc. Executive Director Job Description Page 3 of 4 • Any combination of education, experience, and/or certifications that will provide the necessary knowledge and skills to be an effective Executive Director Core Competencies: • Ability to provide strong leadership and direction for staff, board, and volunteers at various experiences and skill levels • Ability to establish positive and collaborative relationships to ensure the success of KDB and its programs • Ability to maintain high attention to detail in a fast-paced environment, while coordinating multiple projects, programs, and operations simultaneously • Ability to communicate effectively with diverse audiences, both verbally and in writing • Ability to perceive political relationships within the organization and community, and responds appropriately to minimize conflict, maintain professionalism, and uphold the positive image of KDB • Ability to solve problems, make independent decisions, and consistently produce high quality work from general direction • Ability to develop and work within budgetary guidelines • Working knowledge of business software such as Microsoft Word, Excel, and PowerPoint. Conditions of Employment: • Must have a valid Class “C” Driver’s License prior to employment (must obtain Texas Class “C” driver’s license within 30 days of hire per state law) • Must pass a drug test, driver’s license check, criminal history background check, and social security number verification check • Must be able to work outside of normal business hours as required Preferences: • Previous experience managing community boards or commissions • Previous experience as a nonprofit organization administrator or director • Knowledge of nonprofit and municipal budgeting principles • Understanding of program evaluation, surveying, and other basic research applications • Bilingual in Spanish and English Physical Requirements: Overall Strength Demands: The italicized word describes the overall strength demand of the functions performed by the incumbent during a typical workday. • Sedentary – lifting no more than 10 pounds • Light – lifting no more than 20 pounds; carry up to 10 pounds • Medium – lifting no more than 50 pounds, carry up to 25 pounds • Heavy – lifting no more than 100 pounds, carry up to 50 pounds Exhbit C_KDB, Inc. Executive Director Job Description Page 4 of 4 • Very Heavy – lifting more than 100 pounds, carry more than 50 pounds Physical Demand Codes: The following describes if the incumbent is expected to exert the following physical demands during a typical workday and the overall frequency. Codes for “how often”: Y = Yes N = No E = extensive (100-70%) M = moderate (60-30%) I = infrequent (20-10%) A = almost never (<10%) Task: Code: 1. Standing: M 2. Sitting: E 3. Walking: M 4. Lifting: I 5. Carrying: I 6. Pushing/Pulling: I 7. Overhead Work: I 8. Fine Dexterity: M 9. Kneeling: I 10. Crouching: I 11. Crawling: I 12. Bending: I 13. Twisting: I 14. Climbing: I 15. Balancing: Y 16. Vision: Y 17. Hearing: Y 18. Talking: Y 19. Video Display: Y 20. Other: Machines, Tools, Equipment and Work Aids: The essential functions of this position require the use of personal computers, visual presentation equipment, and other related office equipment. Environmental Factors: The essential functions of this position are performed in an office environment, in public presenter-type forums, special events, workdays, and other outdoor activities. This job description is not an employment agreement, contract agreement, or contract. Management has exclusive right to alter this job description at any time without notice. 33 Years of Keeping Denton Beautiful March 2, 2020 1ID 20-171, March 2, 2020 Exhibit 7 Differences between KDB Division & KDB, Inc. Keep Denton Beautiful, Inc.City of Denton | KDB Division Overview 7-member Board of Directors (unpaid volunteers) 501(c)(3) Nonprofit Organization Reports to KDB, Inc. / Executive Committee FY2020 Budget: $79,578 Primary Objective: Set annual plan for KDB programs and events, fundraising, and nonprofit management. 2 FTEs (Program Manager; Program & Volunteer Coordinator) within Parks and Recreation Dept. Reports to City Council FY2020 Operating Budget: $292,770 Primary Objective: Manage and implement KDB and City programs and events. Responsibilities •Board operations (meetings, committees, policies and procedures, etc.) •Strategic direction for annual KDB programs and events •Financial management & annual audit •Fund development •Program and volunteer assistance •Program management, planning, and coordination •Volunteer coordination and supervision •Marketing and outreach •Grant and award writing •Board meetings (ex-officio members) •City budget management 2ID 20-171, March 2, 2020 Keep Texas Beautiful Affiliate Structures Organizational Structure 40% 31% 20% 9% City-structured/funded Standalone Nonprofit City-structured/funded with Nonprofit Board Committee or Board within an Organization 3ID 20-171, March 2, 2020 ⚫1990-2008: Awarded $525,000 in beautification grants for median landscaping projects on University Drive (1990), Dallas Drive (1993), Fort Worth Drive (1997), Carroll Boulevard (2002), and Loop 288 (2008) ⚫2000: Wrote the grant for the Environmental Crimes Unit for the Denton Police Dept. (7-year program prosecuted environmental felonies) ⚫2001: Pioneered curbside recycling for Denton residents ⚫2002: Awarded $27,644 in grants for the landscaping irrigation on the Downtown Square ⚫2015: Began the Denton Tree Initiative to plant trees with tree mitigation funds; 1,462 trees planted on private property (not including 2,250 from Tree Giveaway) ⚫2015-2018: Completed major mural projects, some at the request of the City ⚫Awards Received: Tree City USA (29 years), Scenic City Gold Certification, Keep Texas Beautiful Gold Star Affiliate, and Keep America Beautiful Presidents Circle Highlights from 33-year Partnership between KDB and City of Denton 4ID 20-171, March 2, 2020 KDB, Inc. Income History FY 2015-2020 KDB, Inc. Income 2014-2015 Actual 2015-2016 Actual 2016-2017 Actual 2017-2018 Actual 2018-2019 Actual 2019-2020 Proposed Budget Corporate Sponsorships $9,950 $9,750 $9,000 $7,008 $11,000 $14,800 City Program Funds City of Denton Contract Payment $10,000 $10,000 $10,000 $10,000 $10,000 $10,000 Denton Municipal Electric $11,500 $11,500 $12,050 $11,500 $8,000 $11,500 Watershed Protection $8,000 $9,000 $9,500 $6,500 $7,000 $6,500 Solid Waste and Recycling --$2,500 -------- Grants $13,000 $8,900 $9,000 $14,000 $14,500 $15,000 Memberships, Individual Contributions, Campaigns $14,260 $5,103 $10,172 $11,140 $15,493 $12,450 Merchandise, Third Party Donations, Special Events*$14,886 $16,441 $19,014 $11,432 $11,950 $9,325 Interest Earned $1 $1 $1 $3 $6 $3 Total KDB, Inc. Income $81,597 $73,195 $78,737 $71,583 $77,949 $79,578 *World Wear Project and Metals-to-Cash fundraisers discontinued during FY 2017-2018 (City of Denton decision) 5ID 20-171, March 2, 2020 City of Denton Staff Budget History FY2015-2020 City Division Budget 2014-2015 Actual 2015-2016 Actual 2016-2017 Actual 2017-2018 Actual 2018-2019 Actual 2019-2020 Budget Personal Services*$239,150 $245,663 $256,879 $222,655 $287,047 $187,585 Rent of Building**--$40,194 $37,242 $46,900 $49,500 $54,000 Materials and Supplies $12,720 $22,454 $19,959 $10,781 $12,400 $6,000 Maintenance and Repair $432 $882 $0 $0 $9,372 $0 Insurance $2,786 $2,806 $1,217 $2,903 $3,972 $2,714 Miscellaneous $305 $480 $293 $164 $600 $200 Operations***$11,020 $9,719 $7,842 $8,962 $16,375 $11,396 Interfund Transfers $51,562 $29,829 $23,010 $33,907 $27,347 $30,875 Total City Budget $317,975 $352,027 $346,442 $326,273 $406,613 $292,770 *Elimination of 1.5 FTEs; **Building lease ends Dec. 2020 and KDB staff vacated offices 10/5/19 **Utility and janitorial added in 2018-2019 budget; were previously paid out of SWR main utility object code and Fleet Services 6ID 20-171, March 2, 2020 FY 2019–2020 Budget Breakdown •*Proposed Executive Director salary ($50,000 prorated) is not included in budget figures. •KDB Funding Sources include individual contributions, annual memberships, KDB fundraisers, merchandise sales, third -party donation programs, and grants. 36% 64% FY20 Program Budget City- Funded KDB- Funded 86% 14% FY20 Total Budget City- Funded KDB- Funded 100% 0% FY20 Staff & Operations Budget City- Funded KDB- Funded City: $28,500 KDB: $51,578 City: $321,270* KDB: $51,578City: $292,770* KDB: $0 7ID 20-171, March 2, 2020 Highlights from FY2019 8ID 20-171, March 2, 2020 $100,222 Value of Volunteer Hours 2,011 Trees Distributed to Denton Residents 732 Acres Cleaned in Denton 4,059 Volunteer Hours Donated 19,259 lbs. of Trash Collected (9.6 Tons) 206 Miles of Denton Streets Cleaned 2,166 Volunteers 246 Activities FY2019 Program Results 9ID 20-171, March 2, 2020 21st Annual Community Tree Giveaway (Oct. 27, 2018) •700 trees (7 species) given away to Denton residents 31st Annual Great American Cleanup (March 23, 2019) •Rescheduled due to inclement weather (first time in 31 years) •2,600 volunteers registered (523 rescheduled date); 3.5 tons of litter collected 26th Annual Denton Redbud Festival (April 13, 2019) •Estimated 2,150 attendees Children’s Arbor Day (April 22 & 23, 2019) •13 presentations; 1102 participants/Redbud seedlings given away to DISD students Cigarette Litter Prevention $5,000 Grant (Installed Sept. 2019) •20 new receptacles installed around downtown square and Fry Street area Eagle/77 Railroad Bridge Mural (Commissioned Nov. 2018) •Largest mural to date and beautifies major entrance to downtown Denton FY19 Program Highlights 10ID 20-171, March 2, 2020 Moving Forward in 2020 11ID 20-171, March 2, 2020 22nd Annual Community Tree Giveaway (Oct. 19, 2019) •650 trees (8 species) given away to Denton residents Texas Arbor Day Tree Planting at Dog Park (Nov. 2, 2019) •85 volunteers planted 76 trees at North Lakes Dog Park Cigarette Litter Prevention Program (Fall 2019/Winter 2020) •3 scans/cleanups; estimated 39,050 cigarette butts collected and recycled Future PARD Collaborative Projects (Winter/Spring 2020) •Mills Road roadway cleanup -252 lbs. of litter collected •Adopt-A-Spot –7 new locations/signage in Parks and along rail trails •Villages of Carmel property cleanup (future park) •Mills Road property cleanup (future East Lakes Park) •Tree trimming at South Lakes Park •Wildflower seeding projects Bell/Robertson Railroad Bridge Mural (Spring 2020) •Collaboration with COD Public Art Committee to recreate Foundation of Our History mural along Robertson underpass FY20 Program Highlights 12ID 20-171, March 2, 2020 Highlights from Proposed Contract ⚫Contract runs through Sept 2020; to be reviewed each budget cycle ⚫Annual Plan to be submitted and approved each year by City Council ⚫Improves delineation of responsibilities between City of Denton employees and Board of Directors ⚫Removes Conflict of Interest on part of City of Denton employees ⚫Third-party certified accountant will perform an annual audit for KDB ⚫City employees will not manage KDB financial records, or handle or solicit any funds ⚫Eliminates rental office space (vacated Oct. 2019) ⚫Redefines job descriptions for city employees assigned to KDB programs ⚫Defines new role of Executive Director;employed by KDB, Inc. Board of Directors (salary request: $50,000)13ID 20-171, March 2, 2020 Recent and Future KDB Actions Past ❖May 2019: KDB Program Manager Julie Anderson resigned (May 2019) ❖Sept. 2019: ❖City’s KDB Division relocated from Solid Waste to Parks and Recreation Dept. (PARD) ❖Eliminated KDB Event & Outreach Coordinator (1 FTE) and Program Intern (0.5 FTE) positions ❖Oct. 2019: City staff moved from Railyard offices to City Hall East ❖Nov. 2019: Promoted Autumn Natalie as KDB Program Manager ❖Fall 2019 Programs and Events completed: 1) 22nd Annual Tree Giveaway; 2) 2nd Annual Texas Arbor Day with PARD; 3) Inaugural KDB + You Film Contest; 4) KDB Grant Programs Current ❖Implementing Spring 2020 program/fundraising season: 1) Great American Cleanup; 2) Denton Redbud Festival; 3) Membership Drive/Fundraiser 4) PARD collaborative projects ❖Execute updated agreement Future ❖Hire Executive Director (est. hire date: March/April 2020) ❖Develop FY 2020-2021 Annual Plan ❖Present FY 2020-2021 Budget and Contract (Summer 2020)14ID 20-171, March 2, 2020 City of Denton Staff Recommendations ⚫Consider approval of the updated KDB, Inc.-City of Denton Contract Agreement ⚫Consider an annual payment to fund KDB, Inc. Executive Director (hired and supervised by the KDB, Inc. Board of Directors); $50,000 ⚫Consider approval of the proposed FY2019-2020 Annual Plan 15ID 20-171, March 2, 2020 City of Denton Legislation Text City Hall 215 E. McKinney St. Denton, Texas 76201 www.cityofdenton.com File #:ID 20-425,Version:1 AGENDA CAPTION Receive a report, hold a discussion, and give staff direction regarding updates to the Integrated Pest Management Program (IPM). City of Denton Printed on 2/28/2020Page 1 of 1 powered by Legistar™ City of Denton _____________________________________________________________________________________ AGENDA INFORMATION SHEET DEPARTMENT: Parks and Recreation CM/ DCM/ ACM: Sara Hensley, ACM DATE: March 2, 2020 SUBJECT Receive a report, hold a discussion and give staff direction regarding updates to the Integrated Pest Management Program (IPM). BACKGROUND On May 2, 2019, Parks and Recreation (PARD) staff presented City Council with an updated IPM program and was given direction to move forward. The IPM program is a decision-making process to determine pest levels and tolerance thresholds and combines biological, cultural, physical, and chemical tools to minimize health, environmental, and financial risks. The program takes a holistic approach in maintenance to meet the multi-faceted landscapes, diverse needs, and expectations of park users. Under the updated IPM, Park Maintenance (PM) has applied a more focused approach to improving and maintaining a healthy soil environment that attracts beneficial organisms and promotes a more robust turf which will naturally help to combat both insect and weed pests. Innovative methods such as the use of goats to reduce invasive privet have been used to explore alternatives to chemical interventions. Additionally, the pilot project at Denia Park implementing cultural, natural, and organic practices continues. During a Council discussion on September 17, 2019, regarding IFB 7099 and th e purchase of products for landscape fertilizer, insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides under the approved IPM list, PARD was directed to continue to evaluate alternative products to continue reducing the use of chemical products. Interest in implementing the IPM program citywide was also discussed. PARD initiated the process of having peer reviews performed on the updated IPM to evaluate the program, assess the feasibility in citywide implementation, and obtain feedback on product use. Three organizations were identified based on their recognized knowledge and expertise in the field: Texas A&M Agrilife Extension, IPM Institute of North America, and Non Toxic Neighborhoods. For over 40 years, AgriLife Extension has been involved in the education and promotion of IPM strategies. The Extension’s Texas IPM Program provides research-based information from scientists in partnering agencies. The Texas IPM Program in partnership with the Texas Pest Management Association operates 23 IPM units across the state. Their purpose is to facilitate and expand the implementation of IPM and to help producers increase net profits while reducing pesticide use and reducing production risks. Janet Hurley serves as Denton’s regional representative and Janet Laminack as the county representative. Both reviewed the IPM and provided feedback (Exhibit 5). The IPM Institute of North America is an independent 501(c)3 non-profit formed in 1998 to improve sustainability in agriculture and communities through market-based mechanisms based in IPM and other City Hall 215 E. McKinney Street Denton, Texas www.cityofdenton.com sustainable practices. Their mission is to improve sustainability using marketplace demand as an incentive for increasing the adoption of IPM and other best practices in agriculture, landscapes and public and private facilities. Increasing IPM adoptions and other best practices works towards improving working conditions, reducing greenhouse gases, improving air quality, water quality and soil health and reducing risks to health and the environment from pesticide and nutrient use. Thomas A. Green, Ph.D, is president of IPM Institute of North America and reviewed the revised IPM. Recommendations are provided in Exhibit 6. Non Toxic Neighborhoods’ (NTN) is also a non-profit with a stated goal to protect every child from exposure to pesticides. NTN assists and provides resources to municipalities, school districts, and communities in switching to proven and organic land management. NTN recently merged with Farmer’s Footprint, a coalition of farmers, educators, doctors, scientists, and business leaders with a focus on regenerative agricultural practices. Kim Konte of NTN provided PARD with a draft progressive pest management (PPM) document and playbook for implementation (Exhibit 7). PARD is currently partnering with NTN in establishing a second pilot site for organic landscape maintenance at Avondale Park. Feedback from the peer reviews were positive and favorable. Major recommendations included: • Two new goals supporting pesticide use reduction and plan continuity • Priority of interventions and pesticide use • Convert strategies to standard operating procedures • Substitute active ingredients for product names in the approved pesticide list • Include a process for evaluation and reporting • Add soil testing to maintenance program • Define and provide details in identified areas to give clear direction / guide in procedures A matrix summary was developed outlining comments and recommendations from each organization with staff’s response and status of each recommendation (Exhibit 4). The matrix is color coded to correspond with significant revisions to the IPM in Exhibit 3. Similar recommendations made by two or all three of the organizations are highlighted in red. Other revisions include discontinued use of all herbicides in playground areas, the use of signage to notify citizens of spot spraying with the presence of blue dye , and an update to the approved list of pesticides. Additionally, the revised document reflects a citywide plan to encompass all City owned property. The results of the peer reviews and the recommended revisions were shared with the community focus group convened to review the original IPM. The group agreed with the recommendations and updates made to the plan. Several members expressed interest in continuing to participate in the ongoing review of the plan as proposed in the updated document. PIOR ACTION/REVIEW (Council, Boards, Commissions) Council Presentations – January 9, 2018, February 13, 2018, and May 7, 2019 Informal Staff Report – August 24, 2018, July 19, 2019, and August 9, 2019 Committee on the Environment / Parks, Recreation and Beautification Board – May 6, 2019 EXHIBITS Exhibit 1 Agenda Information Sheet Exhibit 2 Presentation Exhibit 3 Integrated Pest Management Plan Exhibit 4 Peer Review Summary Exhibit 5 Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Review Exhibit 6 IPM Institute Peer Review Exhibit 7 Non Toxic Neighborhoods Peer Review Respectfully submitted: Laura Behrens Assistant Director, Parks and Recreation Prepared by: Laura Behrens Assistant Director, Parks and Recreation Denton IPM Peer Review Recommendations Direction Integrated Pest Management Program 03/02/2020 ID 20-425 Denton IPM Click on the model to interact •Property managed by Parks and Recreation Department (PARD) •Focus Group •Research •Tailored •Goals •Elimination of glyphosate •Denia Pilot Site •Approved May 2019 Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Program is a decision- making process to determine pest levels and tolerance thresholds and combines biological, cultural, physical, and chemical tools to minimize health, environmental, and financial risks. 03/02/2020 ID 20-425 Denton IPM Click on the model to interact Mowing Fertilization Labor / Water Truck Sub Product Spot Spray Sub Product Broadcast Topdressing Total Class A & B Class A & B Class A & B Park System Park System Park System FY 19-20 $248,400 $40,000 $80,000 $1,200 $11,500 $80,000 $461,100 Cycles began 2/17. Contracts out for bid. PO open. Prepared for season. PO open. Prepared for season. Current expenditures approximately $3,000. Out for bid. Dyno Dirt, Dyno Soil, Sand, and Lava Sand. 03/02/2020 ID 20-425 Denton IPM Click on the model to interact •Peer Review Conducted •Citywide IPM •Focus Group Review •January 8, 2020 •City Council Review •March 2, 2020 •Park Board Review •March 2, 2020 03/02/2020 ID 20-425 Peer Review •3 Peer Reviews •Texas A&M AgriLife Extension •IPM Institute of North America •Non Toxic Neighborhoods •Revised Document with Recommendations •On-going Evaluation •Product use 03/02/2020 ID 20-425 3. Your own solar system -papercut modelsRecommendation Texas A&M AgriLife Extension •Identify strategies as standard operating procedures (SOP’s) •Update licensed applicator requirements •Outline minimum standard for PPE •Define drift IPM Institute of North America •Program to plan •Pest management for structural facilities •Include goal for program sustainability •Expand record keeping to non-chemical interventions •Add specifications to Strategy 16 on playgrounds •Clarify neonics use in pollinator protection strategy •Include “aesthetics” component in thresholds for consistency 03/02/2020 ID 20-425 3. Your own solar system -papercut modelsRecommendation Non Toxic Neighborhoods •IPM to Progressive Pest Management (PPM) •Add goal to eliminate / minimize use of EPA level pesticides •Secure contract service for 3rd party monitoring of property conditions •Outline pest controls based on property type Common Recommendations •Define / outline “organic” in community garden •Add fire ants to Strategy 16 and 17 •Include soil testing in maintenance strategies and procedures •Include process for program evaluation and reporting •Use active ingredient vs. product name in approved product list 03/02/2020 ID 20-425 3. Your own solar system -papercut modelsRecommendation Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service Deliverable / Action Status Provide terminology clarifications.Revised document; various Completed Identify "Strategies" as standard operating procedures (SOP).Revised document; p. 15 Completed Update Texas Dept. of Agriculture Applicators License requirements. Revised document; p. 17, p. 22, p. 45 Completed Outline minimum standard for personal protective equipment.Revised document; p. 30, p. 114 Completed Define "drift" and set clear standard.Revised document; p. 42, p. 44, p. 112 Completed Include a finish time of pesticide application on record form. No action taken. PARD utilizes the required Texas Department of Agriculture Pesticide Applicator Record for documentation of pesticide applications. Completed Cross reference Strategy 8 with Strategy 12 for consistency in pesticide requirements.Revised document; p. 27 Completed Define "organic" methods in community garden plots to set clear requirements and expectations. Revised document; p. 43. Update community garden rules and user agreement. Completed; community garden rules update in- progress. Include fire ants in Strategy 16 and Strategy 17.Revised document; p. 47, p. 49 Completed Consider alternative terminology for "non-toxic" in Strategy 17 as natural products can be toxic to plants/insects/animals. Revised document; p. 50 Completed Replace product names with active ingredients on approved product list.Revised document; Appendix 1-4 Completed Include additional rodenticides for variation in use and effectiveness.Revised document; Appendix 1 Completed Include soil testing in Appendix 5 Maintenance Schedule and Control Methods.Revised document; p. 12 Completed 03/02/2020 ID 20-425 3. Your own solar system -papercut modelsRecommendation IPM Institute of North America Deliverable / Action Status Rename document to "plan" rather than "program". Document outlines approach that makes up the policy.Revised document; various Completed Clarify scope of plan -applicable to PARD vs. COD assets.Draft document -COD policy on maintenance of city-owned property.Completed Consider developing a process for program evaluation -how often and by whom.Develop evaluation process and include in document; p. 5 Completed Add strategy for program evaluation and reporting. Develop goals and performance measures related to chemical use. Include goals and performance measurements for annual reporting. Include language in document; p. 5 Completed Include pest management of structural facilities in future revisions.Consider / determine city-wide goal of structural pest management plan.Under Evaluation Consider Green Shield Certification for structural pest management.Consider / determine city-wide goal of structural pest management plan.Under Evaluation Consider explaining role of Community Focus Group for the reader to understand and appreciate their role.Review / discuss appropriate platform for information such as website. On-going Add a goal for the document that facilitates its sustainability and commitment to IPM approach through leadership changes and staff transitions.Revised document; p. 4 Completed Include practice of soil testing in approved strategies / methods.Revised document; p. 12 Completed Include possible health, safety, and environmental effects as indirect costs in plan costs Revised document; p. 13 Completed Expand record keeping to include non-chemical interventions.Revised document; training; p. 5, p. 24 Completed Review exemptions for spot spraying and notices for blue dye application.Revised document; training / education; p. 21, p. 47 Completed Include more specific guidelines about pesticide application around Community Gardens. Revised document; p. 43. Update community garden rules and user agreement.Completed Consider adding specifications to Strategy 16 Vegetation Management in Engineered Wood Fiber Playground Areas such as use of weed barrier and depth of mulch.Revised document; p. 47 Completed Add spiders and fire ants to Strategy 17 Venomous Insect Management; clarify "non -toxic" products as nonchemical products can be toxic to insects; add to approved product list.Revised document; p. 49-51 Completed Suggest addressing management of dog feces, signage, and disposal containers at off leash area; address fleas and ticks. Include language on signage and available disposal equipment for dogs; reference City ordinance; p. 52-53 Completed Consider clarifying the use of neonics in Strategy 19 Insecticide Use and Pollinator Protection from prohibition to "pose unacceptable risk" due to low risk use of some products. Revised document; p. 55 Completed Capture Strategy 19 Insecticide Use and Pollinator Protection B 1-5 in Strategy 2 or at top of strategy list. Strategy 19 Insecticide Use and Pollinator Protection B 1-5 is outlined in more detail under Approved Pest Management Strategies p. 11-12. Completed Replace product names with active ingredients on approved product list.Revised document; Appendix 1-4 Completed Consider changing "control" to "management" and "Pesticide Program" to "Pest Management" for consistency with philosophy and practice.Revised document; Appendix 5 Completed Best practice 1" per week irrigation is a single application per week; less frequent / more water promotes deeper root growth.Confirmed current practice is the recommended best practice.Completed Clarify / include aesthetics as an action threshold for consistency throughout.Revised document; Appendix 5 Completed Suggest more detailed description of exact location of pesticide spills.Pesticide Spill Incident Report does include a field for "Exact location of incident" and a narrative. Staff training.Completed Miscellaneous additions to glossary terms and clarification of specific terms.Revised document; Appendix 9 Completed 03/02/2020 ID 20-425 3. Your own solar system -papercut modelsRecommendation Non Toxic Neighborhoods Deliverable / Action Status Transition from IPM to PPM (Progressive Pest Management. A review of the proposed PPM revealed a shared philosophy and many of the same methods as an IPM. Capture elements of PPM in revised document; p. 4, p. 8-9 Completed Establish PPM Commission for quarterly review/discussion of PPM; Annual report and update. Develop evaluation and annual reporting process to include in document; p. 5 Completed Goals to include elimination and minimization of EPA level pesticides.Revised document to include goal; p. 4 Completed Principles and policy sections Basic tenets captured in various strategies of IPM. Completed Prevention statement Captured in design, plant selection, and nature of site sections; p. 11-12 Completed Secure the contracted services of a third party for regular pest / condition monitoring of property and determine control tactics as needed. Site monitoring is currently conducted by Park Maintenance staff. Feasibility of a contracted service provider would require further analysis. Future evaluation Outline non-chemical control measures.Measures are captured in the IPM Methodology; p. 11-14 Completed Outline pest controls based on different types of property.Revised document; p. 8-9 Completed Approvals and application of chemical pesticides section.Measures are captured in the strategies.Completed Records and reporting Measures are captured in the strategies.Completed 03/02/2020 ID 20-425 Direction •Formation of standing IPM Committee •Similar structure to Focus Group •Minimum 8 members •Meet annually •Avondale pilot site •Non Toxic Neighborhoods •Present proposed updates to Council •Receive direction •Incorporate final comments in revised document •Formally adopt plan in the form of a resolution •Strategies will serve as standard operating procedures 03/02/2020 ID 20-425 Denton IPM Peer Review Recommendations Direction Integrated Pest Management Q&A Laura Behrens Assistant Director, Parks and Recreation Laura.Behrens@cityofdenton.com 03/02/2020 ID 20-425 City of Denton Approved by City Council 5/2019 Integrated Pest Management Plan Integrated Pest Management Plan 1 | P a g e It is important for the City of Denton to be environmentally conscious in providing safe and well- maintained facilities and landscapes for all visitors. The Integrated Pest Management (IPM) plan provides a holistic approach to achieving the stated goals considering health, environmental, and financial risks. The intent of the IPM plan is to be a living document with continued evaluation and updates to meet current and future needs. A special thank you to City of Denton staff in the Parks and Recreation Department (PARD), Park Maintenance Division, Environmental Services, and the Citizen Focus Group who committed their time and talent to the development of this document. IPM Focus Group Nathan Hansard University of North Texas / Field Specialist Cynthia Maguire Texas Womens University / Native Plant Society of Texas Bob Harris Denton County Master Gardeners Adelaide Bodnar Master Naturalist Bill Hartley Denton County Beekeepers Association Cindy Hiegel Master Gardener Carol Soph Denton Resident Ed Soph Denton Resident Gene Kastens Denton Youth Sports Association Heather Massengale Denton Youth Sports Association Integrated Pest Management Plan 2 | P a g e Table of Contents GENERAL INFORMATION ............................................................................................................................. 4 Mission Statement ................................................................................................................................... 4 Goals ......................................................................................................................................................... 4 Asset Management .................................................................................................................................. 5 Evaluation and Reporting......................................................................................................................... 5 Integrated Pest Management .................................................................................................................. 5 Pesticide Use ............................................................................................................................................ 7 Safety ........................................................................................................................................................ 9 Laws and Regulations ............................................................................................................................... 9 INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGY ................................................................................ 11 Approved Pest Management Strategies ................................................................................................ 11 Criteria for Choosing a Pest Management Method .............................................................................. 13 PEST MANAGEMENT STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES ................................................................... 15 Outline of Strategies .............................................................................................................................. 15 Licensing and Training ............................................................................................................................ 17 STRATEGY 1: Licensing, Certification, and Continuing Education of Pest Management Personnel 17 Pest Management Procedures ............................................................................................................... 19 STRATEGY 2: Management Methods for Pest Problems .................................................................. 19 STRATEGY 3: Pesticides Approved for Use by City of Denton Personnel ......................................... 20 STRATEGY 4: Notification of Pesticide Use at a Site ......................................................................... 21 STRATEGY 5: Pesticide Application on City Property and Street Rights-of-Way ............................. 22 STRATEGY 6: Pesticide Application Recordkeeping .......................................................................... 24 Pesticide Material Management ........................................................................................................... 25 STRATEGY 7: Use of Remaining Pesticide Solutions and Rinses ....................................................... 25 STRATEGY 8: Storage and Transportation of Pesticides ................................................................... 27 STRATEGY 9: Disposal of Empty Pesticide Containers and Unusable Pesticides ............................. 28 Safety Measures and Emergency Response .......................................................................................... 30 STRATEGY 10: Use of Protective Clothing and Equipment ............................................................... 30 STRATEGY 11: Emergency Information Concerning Accidental Pesticide Exposure ........................ 31 STRATEGY 12: Pesticide Spill Response ............................................................................................. 33 Targeted Pest Management................................................................................................................... 40 Integrated Pest Management Plan 3 | P a g e STRATEGY 13: Turf Broadleaf Weed Management ........................................................................... 40 STRATEGY 14: Pesticide Applications around Community Gardens................................................. 43 STRATEGY 15: Waterways Pest Management ................................................................................... 44 STRATEGY 16: Vegetation Management in Engineered Wood Fiber Playground Areas ................. 47 STRATEGY 17: Venomous Insect Management ................................................................................. 49 STRATEGY 18: Dog Area Pest Management ...................................................................................... 52 STRATEGY 19: Insecticide Use and Pollinator Protection ................................................................ 54 APPENDICES ................................................................................................................................................ 56 APPENDIX 1: Approved Pesticide List for City Property and Parks Use ............................................... 56 APPENDIX 2: Athletic Field Services Approved List ............................................................................... 72 APPENDIX 3: City Urban Forestry Approved List ................................................................................... 86 APPENDIX 4: Natural Areas Approved List ............................................................................................ 93 APPENDIX 5: Maintenance Schedule and Pest Management Methods ............................................... 96 APPENDIX 6: Pesticide Spill Incident Report ....................................................................................... 107 APPENDIX 7: Product Label and Safety Data Sheet ............................................................................ 108 APPENDIX 8: Emergency and Information Phone List ......................................................................... 110 APPENDIX 9: Glossary .......................................................................................................................... 111 APPENDIX 10: Revisions ....................................................................................................................... 117 Integrated Pest Management Plan 4 | P a g e GENERAL INFORMATION Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Plan is a decision-making process to determine pest levels and tolerance thresholds and combines biological, cultural, physical, and chemical tools to minimize health, environmental, and financial risks. This plan uses extensive knowledge about pests, such as infestation thresholds, life histories, environmental requirements, and natural enemies to complement and facilitate biological and other natural control of pests. It coordinates the use of pest biology, environmental information, and available technology to prevent unacceptable levels of pest damage by the most economical means, while posing the least possible risk to people, property, resources, and the environment. Mission Statement The mission of the City of Denton’s Integrated Pest Management Plan is to manage pests that are harmful to the health, function or aesthetic value of park landscapes and public health in a manner that is efficient, effective, environmentally-responsible, and with careful attention to the safety of the public and department employees. To accomplish this, the principles of Integrated Pest Management are endorsed. This approach uses multi-faceted strategies that minimizes economic, health, and environmental risks. Goals The goal and intent of this plam is to produce an evolving and living document that provides a method and approach to guide the maintenance of public property and land. The focus and goals are: • Strive to better connect communities to nature and enhance sustainability through conservation practices. Areas of focus include promoting sustainable practices and strategies that address the effects of climate change, preserving wildlife, growing a next generation of environmental stewards, and supporting programs and policies that encourage a commitment to conservation. • Minimize the use of EPA level pesticides by applying in a targeted manner and only if deemed necessary when pests cannot be managed by other methods. • Create and maintain a safe environment for visitors and staff that protects and preserves natural resources, park facilities, and amenities through design, operations, and education. • Ensure stewardship of the public’s resources through fiscal accountability, responsible planning, and effective management. • Educate and promote natural areas and cultural practices through programing such as organic community gardening, community tree plantings, and litter abatement. • Create an active learning environment using design such as interpretative signage with a focus on natural and historical education. • Provide a natural, healthy, educational, and social environment and ensure all people have access and are meaningfully involved in the development and use of park and recreation programs and spaces. • Facilitate a sustainable IPM plan and program that endures leadership and staff transitions through thorough documentation of the policy, plan, actions, and results. Integrated Pest Management Plan 5 | P a g e Asset Management The City of Denton (COD) is a municipal government and is the steward of over 3,000 acres of land containing public buildings, operational facilities, electrical substations, parks, waterways, drainage, easements, and right-of-ways. Park properties make up approximately 2,000 acres of the municipal property. Park Maintenance is charged with taking the lead in operating and maintaining the diverse selection of property and landscapes in a safe, attractive, healthy, and useful condition. City owned properties represent a major component of the city’s capital assets and the City recognizes its responsibility to protect and preserve this public and economic investment to the best of its abilities. The City also recognizes its responsibilities to its employees and the general public and seeks to employ the highest professional standards in the performance of its duties. To manage pests on City owned land, COD personnel shall utilize the principles of Integrated Pest Management. Evaluation and Reporting The IPM plan is meant to be a living document that evolves with organizational, environmental, and technological changes. The plan will be evaluated in full every 3 years by an established IPM Committee of stakeholders identified by the Director of PARD or designee. Stakeholders would include but are not limited to representatives from gardening groups, local educators, governmental agencies, partner organizations, field experts, and engaged citizens at a minimum of 8 serving members. It is PARD’s goal to meet with the committee on an annual basis to keep the group updated on IPM activities and receive feedback on recommended and proposed changes. Legal, regulatory, procedural, and administrative changes can be made in the interim review period. All changes must be documented on Appendix 10: Revisions of the plan. PARD will assess the effectiveness of the plan and the progress of stated goals by developing relevant, meaningful, and measurable performance indicators. Goals and measures will include pesticide risk reduction and reducing pesticide use through the tracking of chemical and non-chemical interventions. The indicators will be drafted on an annual basis during the budget process and reported quarterly. Integrated Pest Management Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is one of the major strategies used by PARD in the maintenance of park lands. There are many definitions of IPM, the following is from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for its publication, “EPA Integrated Pest Management for Turfgrass and Ornamentals1:” “IPM is the coordinated use of pest and environmental information with available pest control methods to prevent unacceptable levels of pest damage by the most economical means with the least possible hazard to people, property, and the environment. The goal of IPM is to manage pests and the environment so as to balance costs, benefits, public health, and environmental quality. IPM systems use all available technical information on the pest and its interactions with the environment. Because IPM programs apply a holistic approach to pest management decision-making, they take 1 EPA Integrated Pest Management for Turfgrass and Ornamentals. Page 315 and http://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi/9101AIKB.PDF?Dockey=9101AIKB.PDF Integrated Pest Management Plan 6 | P a g e advantage of all appropriate pest management options, including, but not limited to pesticides. Thus, IPM is: • A system using multiple methods; • A decision-making process; • A risk reduction system; • Information intensive; • Cost-effective; and • Site specific.” IPM makes use of cultural practices, environmental factors, pest growth patterns and life cycles, ecological interaction, human contact, mechanical removal and, finally, pesticides to control harmful organisms. The COD defines Integrated Pest Management as the coordinated use of pest and environmental information along with available pest control methods, including biological, cultural, physical, and chemical methods, to prevent unacceptable levels of pest damage by the most economical means and with the least possible hazard to people, property, and the environment. • Integrated means that all feasible types of control strategies are considered and combined as appropriate to solve a pest problem. • Pests are unwanted organisms that are a nuisance to man or domestic animals, and can cause injury to humans, animals, plants, and property, and have a significant economic impact. Pests reduce yield and/or quality in vegetation ranging from flower beds, to lawns, trees, and sports fields. • Management is the process of making decisions in a systematic way to keep pests from reaching intolerable levels. Small populations of pests can often be tolerated; total eradication is often not necessary, or feasible. Based on the above, the IPM plan consists of the following steps: 1. Identification of the issue. Identification of the pest, level of infestation, and an evaluation of the site will determine what action is needed, if any. 2. Consultation. This involves defining the roles of the people involved in the pest management equation (i.e. Certified Pesticide Applicator, Park Manager, Urban Forester, Park Supervisor, Superintendent, and Department Director) to assure understanding and communication between them. 3. Management objectives. Staff must determine the management objectives for a given site in order to solve the pest problem(s). This can be done by establishing maintenance classifications and standards with an outlined schedule to meet maintenance needs. Project and property priorities relevant at the time must also be considered. A Strategy review includes determining if a species is native or exotic, locating the management zone, and evaluating the chances of successful management. 4. Set the action thresholds. These are points when pest populations or environmental conditions indicate that action must be taken in order to prevent the pest population from crossing a pre- determined injury threshold; no action is taken until the threshold is reached unless it is Integrated Pest Management Plan 7 | P a g e determined that conditions pose a threat to health and safety or the infestation is detrimental to plant material / vegetation. 5. Non-chemical control. In this step, action is taken to modify the pest habitat to reduce the carrying capacity of the site, exclude the pest, or otherwise make the site’s environment incompatible with the needs of the pest. This step, which involves applied ecology with support from cultural and biological methods. 6. Pesticide action. If no-pesticide actions are not available or insufficient, the appropriate pesticide action is taken. All efforts should made to (a) use the least toxic, most effective, most efficient application technique that provides the longest dwell time in contact with the pest, (b) apply when the pest is in its most vulnerable stage, and (c) carry the least possible hazard to people, property, and the environment. 7. Evaluate. This means checking the post-treatment results of the habitat modification or pesticide treatment actions by periodically monitoring the site and pest populations. 8. Records. For each site, records should be kept of pest management objectives, monitoring methods and data collected, actions taken, results obtained, and pesticides used. Records of actions taken will be documented in the appropriate record management system. IPM is a decision-making process to determine if, where, when, and how pest control practices should be applied. And, in the short term, modification of direct pest control practices (such as reducing pesticide use through spot spraying strategies and replacing undesirable chemicals with more environmentally friendly materials) can provide valuable benefits in reducing the use of pesticides. The IPM process first determines if a pest needs to be managed, and if so, how best to do it. Key elements are information gathering, well-informed decision making and monitoring of results. The IPM process promotes effective, low-risk management strategies to manage pests. The controls used in this plan include biological, cultural, physical, and chemical methods and materials; often a combination of methods is used. Methods selected to manage specific pest populations are evaluated by licensed and trained professionals. The methods employed conform to recognized standards established and endorsed by state and federal regulatory agencies, state educational institutions and organizations. Key elements of an IPM program are information gathering and informed decision-making. Horticulturists, botanical specialists, park technicians, foresters, and arborists are skilled in identifying and evaluating pest problems. When pest problems occur that are unusual or beyond the scope of in- house experts, advice is obtained from other qualified sources such as state universities, Texas Department of Agriculture, and Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service experts. Texas Pesticide Applicators License continuing education courses reinforce employee skills and provide current information concerning laws, safety, pests, and current IPM methods. COD employees monitor levels of pests to arrive at the best solution for managing a pest problem. When pest management methods are implemented by trained IPM personnel, the results are solutions that are economically and environmentally responsible. This provides the public with safe, healthy, and aesthetically pleasing park areas. Pesticide Use Pesticide is a general term for any substance intended for preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating any pest. Park pests consist primarily of unwanted vegetation and invasive weeds, but can also include insects, disease organisms, rodents, and other organisms. To manage these pests, COD personnel select Integrated Pest Management Plan 8 | P a g e the best methods available. When it is necessary to use pesticides as part of an IPM approach, risk is minimized by careful product selection and application. When developing and updating the IPM program, the best expert scientific opinion is relied upon on to inform staff about potential materials and methods. Assessments from regulatory agencies, state university departments in Texas, scientists and other experts in the field provide much useful specific information. The City turns to these recognized experts for credible science-based information. Staff also stays current with the latest pertinent studies as part of our process. By basing decisions on these authoritative sources best solutions can be obtained within the IPM framework. Pesticide applicators are required to comply with all pesticide label directions, federal, state, and local pesticide regulations, applicable safety laws, and City policies. Misuse of pesticides will not be tolerated. Pesticides not labeled or listed (refer to Appendices 1-4) will not be covered in detail within this document, but pesticide applicators are required to use additional precaution and label directions, if present, for all applications. In executing the IPM methodology, pesticides are to be utilized in a prioritized approach on City properties as follows: Parks and Playgrounds 1. Organic pesticides and / or Organic Materials Review Institute (OMRI) listed substances; and 2. EPA Level III “caution” labeled pesticides only when deemed necessary to protect public health and economic impact. Facilities / Buildings Landscaping 1. Organic pesticides and / or Organic Materials Review Institute (OMRI) listed substances; 2. EPA Level III “caution” labeled pesticides only when deemed necessary to protect public health and economic impact when other methods do not adequately control the pest; 3. EPA Level II “warning” label pesticides, only if deemed necessary to protect public health an economic loss when other methods do not adequately control the pest; 4. EPA Level I “danger” label pesticides, only if deemed necessary to protect public health an economic loss when other methods do not adequately control the pest. Rights of Way (Street medians / parkways) 1. Organic pesticides and / or Organic Materials Review Institute (OMRI) listed substances; 2. EPA Level III “caution” labeled pesticides only when deemed necessary to protect public health and economic impact when other methods do not adequately control the pest; 3. EPA Level II “warning” label pesticides, only if deemed necessary to protect public health an economic loss when other methods do not adequately control the pest; 4. EPA Level I “danger” label pesticides, only if deemed necessary to protect public health an economic loss when other methods do not adequately control the pest. Other City Property 1. Organic pesticides and / or Organic Materials Review Institute (OMRI) listed substances; 2. EPA Level III “caution” labeled pesticides only when deemed necessary to protect public health and economic impact when other methods do not adequately control the pest; 3. EPA Level II “warning” label pesticides, only if deemed necessary to protect public health an economic loss when other methods do not adequately control the pest; Integrated Pest Management Plan 9 | P a g e 4. EPA Level I “danger” label pesticides, only if deemed necessary to protect public health an economic loss when other methods do not adequately control the pest. Safety When pesticides are being applied in on City property by City personnel, notification signs are posted at points of entry to the treated areas. When pest management equipment is being used and materials are being applied by COD employees, all appropriate worker personal protective equipment is provided for use. Use of such equipment is an important part of safely applying pesticides as well as using mechanical equipment. COD employees work with the Watershed Protection Division to protect the city’s water supply from all types of contamination. When pesticides are contemplated to be used near waterways and drainage areas, the Watershed Protection Division will be notified. When necessary, application of pesticides downstream of stream banks or within waterways would be done using aquatic-labeled pesticides, following the IPM process and label directions, and with the approval of the field supervisor. Laws and Regulations Several Federal and State agencies regulate the use of pesticides. The City conforms to all pesticide laws and regulations and allows only Texas State Licensed Pesticide Applicators to apply pesticides of any kind on city property. In this way COD exceeds the standards established within Texas state law. To obtain a Noncommercial Pesticide Applicator's License, applicators must pass a series of tests given by the Texas Department of Agriculture. The Texas Department of Agriculture does allow non-licensed staff to apply pesticides when it is incidental to their primary duties. Once licensed, applicators must renew their license, annually for noncommercial applicators, and take the required amount of continuing education units needed for the type of Pesticide Applicator’s License held. Applicators are required by law to record specific information when applying pesticides and keep records for a minimum of 2 years. The Texas Department of Agriculture’s designated forms are utilized for these purposes. Decontamination Sites Employers must provide sites so that workers and handlers can wash pesticides and residues from their hands and body. Decontamination supplies must include: • Enough water for routine and emergency whole-body washing and for eye flushing; • Soap; • Single-use towels Decontamination materials are also available in each applicator’s vehicle. It is the responsibility of the applicator to ensure adequate supplies are maintained in the vehicle. The decontamination materials may not be located in an area under restricted entry unless they serve handlers working in that area. In this case, all materials must be protected from contamination. Emergency Assistance If there is reason to believe that a handler or worker may have been poisoned or injured by pesticides, an employer must promptly make transportation to an appropriate medical facility available to that person. Be prepared to provide the victim and medical personnel with: • The product name, EPA registration number, and active ingredient(s); Integrated Pest Management Plan 10 | P a g e • All first aid and medical information from the label; • A description of how the pesticide was used; and • Information about the victim’s exposure. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Employers must provide handlers with the PPE as listed on the pesticide label. The employer must: • Maintain PPE in a clean and operational condition; • Make sure it fits correctly; • Make sure handler wears and uses the PPE correctly; • Provide a clean place to put on and remove PPE, and store personal clothing; • Not allow worker to wear or take-home PPE; • Take action to prevent heat-related illness while PPE is worn. Cleaning and Maintaining PPE Employers must make sure: • PPE is cleaned according to manufacturer’s instructions, inspected, and repaired before each use; • PPE that is non-reusable or cannot be cleaned, must be disposed of properly; • Clothing drenched with pesticide labeled DANGER or WARNING are discarded; • PPE must be washed and dried properly, and stored separately from personal clothing; • Respirator filters, cartridges and canisters are replaced as often as required. The handler employer must make sure anyone cleaning PPE is informed of possible pesticide residues on PPE, of the potentially harmful effects of pesticides, and of the correct ways to handle and clean PPE. Equipment Safety Handler employers must make sure that equipment used for mixing, loading, transferring, or applying pesticides is inspected and repaired or replaced as needed. Only appropriately trained and equipped handlers may repair, clean, or adjust pesticide handling equipment that contains pesticides or pesticide residues. Environmental Protection The City of Denton operates under the Pesticides General Permit (PGP, TXG870000) administered by the TCEQ. The purpose of this permit is to regulate the discharge of pesticides to the waters of the United States. Within the City, reporting for PGP compliance is coordinated through the Watershed Protection Division. Any potential adverse incidents involving pesticides should be immediately reported to Watershed Protection and/or PARD. Pesticide use within the City is also tracked to maintain compliance with the PGP. Integrated Pest Management Plan 11 | P a g e INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGY Approved Pest Management Strategies Examples of possible and available management strategies among the many methods are listed in the prevention of pest problems. • Strategy and planning; • Cultural practices, avoidance measures, and physical means to manage pest problems; and • Mechanical practices, trapping, biological controls, and use of natural and synthetic pesticides. All the IPM measures are evaluated and considered together to select the best overall solution to a pest problem. Strategy Management of pests through adoption of Strategy can be highly effective and low in cost. Such policies can often eliminate problems before they begin. Some examples are: • Prioritization of parks for control measures may be considered. Different park areas may have varying standards of acceptable care and appearance. Determining whether a particular park area requires control of pests and the level of that control must take these differences into account. Careful attention to public desires and public needs must be part of this prioritization process. • Establishment of thresholds for action and the tolerance level for different pests are part of the IPM process. These thresholds vary according to plant, pest, site, and park classification. Determinations of action thresholds are made on a case-by-case basis. Design Proper park design is a major way that pest problems can be avoided. While no landscape can be designed to be free of pest management needs, such considerations need to be part of the planning process. Examples are: • Elimination or modification of problematical areas; • Avoiding the use of potentially invasive species; • Proper and adequate spacing of plant material to reduce the incidence of pest problems; • Maintenance of species diversity and elimination of monocultures in plantings where possible; • Elimination of alternate hosts for diseases; and • Establishment of overstory, thick groundcovers and other design techniques benefiting both the establishment of plants and the reduction of weed problems. Plant selection Plant selection is critical in minimizing pest management needs both short- and long-term. Criteria for plant selection include: • Right plant, right place. • Use of disease or pest resistant or tolerant plant species or varieties; and • Removal of invasive or pest-susceptible plants and replacement with varieties of native or adapted pest resistant plants. • Consideration will be given to native plants under favorable conditions and design goals. Integrated Pest Management Plan 12 | P a g e Cultural practices Proper cultural practices are essential in establishing healthy landscapes and can often help to maintain their resistance to pest problems. Examples are: • Knowledge of the cultural requirements of plants to best provide proper conditions for optimum plant health and resistance to pests. • Soil testing and amendment as indicated by test results to promote plant health and prevent/avoid pest issues that can result from or be exacerbated by nutritional imbalance. • Adequate site preparation before landscape installation. This can include soil improvements, pruning of surrounding vegetation, grade adjustments, drainage improvements, and installation of irrigation systems. • Use of disease resistant grafting rootstock or scion wood. • Proper timing and use of water to reduce over or under watering. • Proper timing and use of fertilization to eliminate over and under-fertilization. • Use of cover crops to improve soil structure and reduce soil erosion. • Rotation of plant species in nursery areas to reduce the buildup of pests. • Aeration, over-seeding, and top-dressing to improve turf health and suppress weeds. • Raking and debris removal to remove pest sources. • Pruning and plant removal to promote air circulation and light penetration for plant health. • Removal of diseased, infested, damaged, or dead wood. • Mulching for weed reduction, water retention, winter protection and root zone improvement. • Fan placement for improved greenhouse air circulation. Mechanical and physical controls Mechanical and physical methods are often employed to manage pests. Examples are: • Mechanical edging of turf. • Mechanical clearing of weeds in rough areas. • Hand weeding in shrub beds. • Weed wrenching or loping, or chain sawing invasive trees. • Mowing of rough turf areas for vegetation control. • Traps such as yellow sticky boards for greenhouse insects and traps for mammalian pests. • String trimming to control unwanted vegetation. • Disinfecting materials or equipment to prevent spread of pests. Biological controls Where applicable, biological control is useful to manage pests. This is the use of living organisms to reduce pest populations. These organisms are often also referred to as beneficials, natural enemies or biocontrols. They act to keep pest populations low enough to prevent significant environmental and economic damage. Examples are: • Introducing insect or disease parasitoids, predators, and microbial products to control pests. • Minimizing the use of disruptive techniques and materials in landscapes that may destroy natural pest control organisms. Integrated Pest Management Plan 13 | P a g e Naturally derived and synthetically derived pesticides Pesticides are derived from many sources. They vary widely in their characteristics and must be examined individually to determine their suitability within the IPM approach. Examples are: • Placement of pheromone traps. • Disinfecting materials or equipment to prevent spread of pests. • Application of naturally and synthetically derived pesticides. Criteria for Choosing a Pest Management Method When choosing a pest management method or pesticide material from the approved lists located in Appendix 1-4, all personnel should consider the following factors and any additional factors relevant to the selection. Nature of the site • Erosion susceptibility and potential movement of soil through runoff; • The intended use and function of the landscape; • The feasibility of the method given the area and scope of the problem; • The relative importance and public expectation of a site or plantings; and • Site conditions such as soil type, grade, drainage patterns, and presence of surface water. Possible health and safety effects • Consider both short- and long-term toxicological properties and any other related potential health effects of the materials or methods, both to the applicator and the public; • Equipment operation safety issues for both the operator and the public; and • Worker safety and worker injury issues involved with carrying out the method. Possible environmental effects • Consider both acute and chronic toxicity and any other related potential effects of the material or method to non-target organisms including mammals, birds, amphibians, fish, invertebrates and other organisms; • Environmental effects from potential bioaccumulation; • Potential impacts to non-target plants and other organisms from materials or methods; • Potential impacts to federally listed, threatened or endangered species; and • Possible introduction or establishment of invasive plants. Costs • Costs of the material or method; • Application and labor costs; • Length and quality of pest control; • Feasibility of using a particular method or product; and • Indirect cost from aforementioned health, safety, and environmental effects. Integrated Pest Management Plan 14 | P a g e Characteristics of the product • Target pests and target sites of the product being used; • Possible residual effect, decomposition pathways, rates, and breakdown products; • Volatility and flammability; • Product formulation and package size; • Leachability, solubility, and surface and soil bonding characteristics of the product; • Ease of cleaning equipment after use; and • Positive and negative synergistic effects of pesticide combinations. Special considerations • Application equipment availability; • Method of delivery; • Current and anticipated weather conditions; • Previous pesticide applications to the site and the interval between treatments; and • Possible development of pest resistance to a particular management method or material. Integrated Pest Management Plan 15 | P a g e PEST MANAGEMENT STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES Outline of Strategies Licensing and Training Strategy 1 LICENSING, CERTIFICATION, AND CONTINUING EDUCATION OF PEST MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL – Defines the required State of Texas licensing requirements, recertification obligations, and training for applicator personnel. Pest Management Procedures Strategy 2 MANAGEMENT METHODS FOR PEST PROBLEMS- Establishes the IPM methodology and approved strategies. Strategy 3 PESTICIDES APPROVED FOR USE BY CITY OF DENTON PERSONNEL- Describes the approval process for pesticides and details certain pesticides and their control methods. Approved product lists for each unit are in the appendices. Strategy 4 NOTIFICATION OF PESTICIDE USE AT A SITE- Outlines the on-site notification procedures to be used before, during and after applications. Strategy 5 PESTICIDE APPLICATION ON CITY PROPERTY AND STREET RIGHTS OF WAY- Establishes procedures on how to apply pesticides on all City property. Strategy 6 PESTICIDE APPLICATION RECORDKEEPING- Outlines recordkeeping standards for applications. Pesticide Material Management Strategy 7 USE OF REMAINING PESTICIDE SOLUTIONS AND RINSES- Outlines how residual pesticides and rinsates are handled. Strategy 8 STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION OF PESTICIDES- Defines methods and procedures for storage of pesticides. Strategy 9 DISPOSAL OF EMPTY PESTICIDE CONTAINERS AND UNUSABLE PESTICIDES- Establishes provisions for surplus or contaminated pesticides and empty containers. Safety Measures and Emergency Response Strategy 10 USE OF PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND EQUIPMENT- Describes appropriate personal protective clothing and equipment for use by personnel when handling or applying pesticides. Strategy 11 EMERGENCY INFORMATION CONCERNING ACCIDENTAL PESTICIDE EXPOSURE- Defines the procedures followed in responding to inquiries from employees and the public regarding pesticide exposure. Strategy 12 PESTICIDE SPILL RESPONSE- Outlines procedures for unintended releases of pesticides on or off City properties. Outlines responsibilities, training, reporting, methods, and materials involved. Targeted Pest Management Strategy 13 TURF BROADLEAF WEED MANAGEMENT- Describes procedures, rationale, and approval process for management of broadleaf weeds in maintained park turf areas. Strategy 14 PESTICIDE APPLICATIONS AROUND COMMUNITY GARDENS- Outlines procedures and limitations of pesticide applications adjacent to PARD Community Garden sites. Strategy 15 WATERWAYS PEST MANAGEMENT- This Strategy defines specific practices, methods and materials approved for use alongside, and within aquatic sites. Integrated Pest Management Plan 16 | P a g e Strategy 16 VEGETATION MANAGEMENT IN ENGINEERED WOOD FIBER PLAYGROUND AREAS - Defines special pest management practices in wood chip-surfaced playground areas. Strategy 17 VENOMOUS INSECT MANAGEMENT- Describes how venomous insects such as wasps, bees and hornets on parkland are addressed. Strategy 18 DOG AREA PEST MANAGEMENT- Specifies how pest management in designated dog areas is carried out. Strategy 19 INSECTICIDE USE AND POLLINATOR PROTECTION- This Strategy defines specific practicesand methods when dealing with pollinators, including bees and other insects. Integrated Pest Management Plan 17 | P a g e Licensing and Training STRATEGY 1: Licensing, Certification, and Continuing Education of Pest Management Personnel PURPOSE This Strategy defines the education, training, licensing, and certification requirements for applicators who are applying pesticides, or supervising others applying pesticides. BACKGROUND State pesticide applicator licensing assures a level of expertise and familiarity with pest management practices and pesticide materials. The City is committed to maintaining a high level of expertise in our workforce and chooses to exceed the minimum standards. The continuing education requirements of state licensing also help to keep personnel up-to-date on pest management theory and practice. All personnel applying pesticides as their primary duty on City property is required to maintain a Texas Department of Agriculture applicators license. The Texas Department of Agriculture does allow non- licensed staff to apply pesticides under the supervision of a licensed applicator and/or the application is not a restricted-use and state limited-use pesticide and regulated herbicide under label directions when it is incidental to their primary duties. STRATEGY All COD personnel applying pesticides or herbicides as their primary duty shall be certified as state pesticide applicators by passing the Texas Department of Agriculture examinations. Applicators are required to recertify every year by obtaining five continuing education credits; with one credit each from two of the following categories: laws and regulations, integrated pest management or drift minimization. To maximize the value and relevance of the recertification training, the City will actively seek out educational opportunities for staff. The ultimate responsibility for maintaining a valid applicator license is with the applicator. Pesticide applicators will be kept informed of approved supplemental education to meet continuing certification and licensing requirements. Unless special arrangements and approvals have been made, all applicators must be full-time employees. Regardless of licensing status, no seasonally employed staff members shall apply pesticides on park land, unless approved by a Park Manager, following a request from the supervisor of the seasonal employee. Any personnel who do not apply pesticides as their primary duty, and are not licensed applicators, can apply pesticides as per Texas Department of Agriculture for incidental use. Incidental Use is defined as “A pesticide application on an occasional, isolated, site-specific basis that is incidental to the primary duties of an employee and involves the use of general use pesticides after instruction as provided by rules adopted by the Structural Pest Control Service.” This means that if during the course of their normal duties, i.e. mowing, daily service or maintenance, and they find an infestation of fire ants or wasps, they are allowed by law to apply pesticides to protect visitors or employees. The application of the chemicals must be in accordance with the manufacturer’s label. In all cases of incidental use, the employee should use the least hazardous, effective method of controlling pests. If chemicals are to be utilized, they must be applied in strict accordance with manufacturer labels of "General Use" products being used. Applications made inconsistent with the Integrated Pest Management Plan 18 | P a g e label requirements of the general use product may result in penalties being assessed against the individual and/or the certified noncommercial applicator or technician responsible. Recertification Requirements Licensed commercial, noncommercial and NCPS applicators are required to recertify every year by obtaining five continuing education credits; with one credit each from two of the following categories: laws and regulations, integrated pest management or drift minimization. Change of Information The Texas Administrative Code (rule 7.20) requires all licensees to notify the department within 30 days of any change in the information provided as part of the application for a license. Licensees must submit a change of information form that is signed. You can scan the signed form and email it to license.inquiry@TexasAgriculture.gov, faxed to 800-909-8534 or mail it to Texas Department of Agriculture, Licensing Division, P.O. Box 12847, Austin, TX 78711. This will ensure you receive licensing information from TDA. Recordkeeping Commercial, noncommercial and NCPS applicators shall maintain records of all pesticide applications as required by all applicable local, state, and federal laws. Integrated Pest Management Plan 19 | P a g e Pest Management Procedures STRATEGY 2: Management Methods for Pest Problems PURPOSE This Strategy establishes the principles governing the City’s approach to pest management for all its lands. BACKGROUND COD utilizes the principles of Integrated Pest Management in managing land under its care. IPM is a coordinated decision-making process that uses the most appropriate management strategy on a site- specific basis. The IPM process first determines if a pest needs to be managed, and if so, how best to do it. Key elements of an IPM program are information gathering, well-informed decision making and monitoring of results. Through proper decision making, the IPM process promotes effective, low-risk management strategies to manage pests. The management techniques used in an IPM plan include biological, cultural, physical, and chemical. Often a combination of methods is used. The following terms are used as defined: Threshold is used to describe a level of pest presence above which unacceptable amounts of negative plant health impacts, negative environmental impacts, negative effects on infrastructure and assets, intolerable aesthetic impacts, or undue safety risks are likely to occur. Action level is the point at which control measures are necessary to prevent a pest population or its impact from exceeding the threshold. STRATEGY COD shall employ integrated pest management principles in managing pest problems. Managers, Supervisors, Landscape Technicians, and other licensed applicators shall monitor plant health status, landscape conditions, and the presence of unwanted vegetation. They will assess appropriate thresholds and determine action levels on a site-by-site basis. All licensed applicators shall use approved management strategies to determine an effective, feasible, and economically sound pest management method that does not create undue risk to the public or the environment. If a pesticide is chosen as the best method for pest management, licensed applicators shall choose appropriate materials only from the list of Approved Pesticides specific to their work unit found in Appendices 1-4. The suitability of the material, nature of the site, potential health and safety effects, potential environmental effects, overall costs, characteristics of the product and any other special considerations related to the situation shall be taken into account in this process. After control measures have been made, the site should be monitored to assess any impact and the efficacy of the measures taken. Integrated Pest Management Plan 20 | P a g e STRATEGY 3: Pesticides Approved for Use by City of Denton Personnel PURPOSE This Strategy establishes oversight procedures over all pesticide materials available for use on City property. It defines the process of selection of pesticides that are approved for use on City property. BACKGROUND Pesticides vary widely in their characteristics and not every legally registered pesticide may be appropriate for use on city land. Pesticides must be carefully evaluated for their suitability for IPM use before they are included on a work unit approved list. Only properly evaluated pesticides are placed on approved lists specific to individual work units. Parks and Recreation experience and IPM principles show that it is more desirable to have a specialized selection of products that target specific pests, rather than a smaller number of general-purpose pesticides. This aids in limiting the effects of the control to the target pest only. It aids in reducing the number of resistant pests that may arise from continued use of a small number of controls. It also leads to an overall reduction of pesticide usage required. STRATEGY The PARD Director and Superintendent shall maintain a list of pesticides approved for use by City personnel on City property. Once approved, the list “Criteria for Choosing a Pest Management Method,” shall be used in choosing the proper pesticide for a given purpose. Pesticides shall be chosen after assessing toxicological impacts, environmental impacts, efficacy, feasibility, cost, and all other pertinent aspects of their use within an IPM approach. The PARD Director and Superintendent shall be available for consultation in choosing a pesticide that best meets a defined need. Only pesticides from the approved lists shall be chosen, unless approved otherwise from the PARD Director and Superintendent. The lists shall be reviewed on an ongoing basis so that they are as up-to- date as possible. Any pesticides that are proposed for addition or deletion from the list shall be approved by the PARD Director and Superintendent. The PARD Director and Superintendent will remain current with EPA registration and review activities. A pesticide deleted from the general approved list but placed on the “Use Up Do Not Restock List” is approved for use within specified units until current supplies are exhausted unless otherwise noted. All federal and state pesticide laws shall be adhered to. Deletion of a pesticide due to loss of federal or state registration will be upheld as per the schedule set by law. Use of unauthorized pesticides or use of pesticides for unapproved or illegal applications will be cause for disciplinary action. Strategy adheres strictly to all label requirements concerning safe, legal and effective use of pesticides. Applicators must ensure that any pesticides utilized conform to the appropriate approved list. Special consideration is to be taken when implementing pest management methodologies in areas designated as environmentally sensitive areas (ESA). Integrated Pest Management Plan 21 | P a g e STRATEGY 4: Notification of Pesticide Use at a Site PURPOSE This Strategy establishes procedures for notification of applications for all pesticide materials being applied by personnel. BACKGROUND COD understands that citizens may want to be informed of pesticide applications. Label requirements for pesticide applications may also mandate that entry to treated areas be avoided for a specific interval. Citizens may also wish to find out further information about pest management activities occurring at a public site. To satisfy these needs, all pesticide applications in areas open to the public or accessible to the public for use will be accompanied by notification signage and/or site identification method so that citizens are made aware of the treatment. STRATEGY It is the Strategy of the City of Denton to notify citizens of pesticide application sites using various methods of notification. The primary method is the placement of on-site signs. These signs are posted at the time of application and placed in clearly visible locations, at conspicuous entries and/or application sites. Signs will remain posted for a minimum of 48 hours after the application. The intent of the placement of the signs is that visitors will encounter them before they have had an opportunity to enter the treated area. The ONLY exception to the sign postage is for spot spraying applications made with a backpack sprayer, hand-held pressurized sprayer, or granular insecticide targeting an immediate threat (i.e. fire ants). Due to the nature of spot spraying, it may not be feasible to post signage at every location such as along sidewalks for cracks and crevices spraying or single mound/nest treatment for insects. Signage will be used notifying park visitors of spot spraying in the area when it is performed in active, populated areas open to the public. Blue dye will be added to all spot spray application, so visitors can easily identify the areas that have been sprayed. Dye will not be used for broadcast applications. If an entire lot or tract has been spayed, it will be noted on the posting signs. PARD will utilize other methods of notification such as electronic postings and public notices placed in public buildings and recreational centers. Notices of broadcast spraying will be posted on the PARD’s website and/or other applicable communication platforms. The notice will include the location and date of the spraying and the product that was used. A staff contact will be listed to provide additional information upon request. Integrated Pest Management Plan 22 | P a g e STRATEGY 5: Pesticide Application on City Property and Street Rights-of-Way PURPOSE This Strategy establishes procedures for applications for all pesticide materials being applied by COD personnel. BACKGROUND It is the Strategy of the City of Denton for their employees to apply pesticides in a legal manner and to adhere strictly to all precautionary requirements for their use. This Strategy outlines procedures for pesticide application on public lands and street rights-of-way that are maintained by COD employees. All EPA registered pesticides are accompanied by a legal label specific to each product that defines all legal uses. Pesticides must be used according to these label directions. STRATEGY The pesticide must be used only on sites and targets specified in the label. Higher dosages, higher concentrations, or more frequent applications than the label allows for are not permitted and is against federal law. Directions for use, safety, mixing, diluting, storage, and disposal, as well as any restrictions on re-entry must be met. The following criteria shall be met when applying pesticides. Some of these are addressed more specifically in other policies. • The label is the law. • Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) shall be used wherever indicated and it must be maintained in a workable and safe condition. • Spray equipment shall be maintained in a safe and operational condition. Where applicable, spray equipment shall be calibrated regularly. • Anti-siphoning devices shall be used when filling large spray tanks. • “Criteria for Choosing a Pest Management Method” will be used in making choices. • Pesticides used shall be chosen from the approved lists as provided for the appropriate work units. • Pesticides shall be applied only when appropriate weather conditions exist. • Notification signs shall be posted in areas where pesticides are being applied. • All applications shall be recorded on approved application record forms. Process for Utilizing Pesticides on City Property or Street Rights-of-Way i. A COD employee identifies or is informed of a pest problem. ii. Thresholds and action levels are determined by a licensed applicator or supervisor for the specific pest problem in question. iii. Management strategies are determined by a licensed applicator. Special situations may require expertise from outside the City such as university diagnostic laboratories. If pesticides are to be used: 1. Choose the pesticide using the “Criteria for Choosing a Pest Management Method,” and “Approved List of Pesticides” for the appropriate work unit. 2. Check application equipment for safety and mechanical problems, and ALWAYS calibrate before each use. Integrated Pest Management Plan 23 | P a g e 3. Check weather conditions. Applications should be done when appropriate wind conditions exist to minimize drift and volatilization. Adjustments should be made for spray droplet size and pressure if conditions warrant. No application should take place where there is unacceptable drift. 4. Post notifications as required except for spot spraying or mound treatment of ants, to inform the public of the application. For specific rules, see the Notification Strategy. 5. List re-entry specifications on the signs if required by the label. 6. Apply material according to the label and in accordance with state and federal regulations. 7. Record applications of pesticides on the approved forms. 8. Remove signs after the label designated re-entry requirements have been met or after 48 hours has passed since the application. This is usually when the liquid pesticide has dried, unless indicated otherwise on the label. 9. Evaluate the results of management measures. Integrated Pest Management Plan 24 | P a g e STRATEGY 6: Pesticide Application Recordkeeping PURPOSE This Strategy establishes recording and reporting procedures for all pesticide applications taking place on City property by COD personnel, or any other agency, department, company, or individual whether they are acting as a contractor or acting in a voluntary (approved) manner. BACKGROUND Detailed recordkeeping is an essential part of IPM implementation, and is vital in communicating, reporting, and analysis of pest management activities. State law requires that written records be kept for pesticide applications. The law requires that licensed applicators record the details of pesticide applications and keep these records for two years. These records must be stored in a central location and be available for review. STRATEGY It is the Strategy of the City to record and retain records of all pesticide applications performed on City land. Each application event will require an application form to be completed. The PARD Superintendent should review these on a periodic basis. A master file of these records shall be kept at a central location, such as the office where the licensed applicators work out of and maintained by their supervisor. Each operating unit shall keep a record file related to pesticide applications by their own personnel. Information regarding application of pesticides to city property by state certified applicators who work for a bonded company and who have been contracted for application shall also be recorded including all information fields required by the TDA. Copies of these records must be provided to the PARD Superintendent upon request. The following information must be included on the recording forms for each pesticide application by a COD employee: Date of application, application start time, location of site treated, name of applicator, state license number, temperature, wind conditions, equipment used, target pest, total area treated if applicable, names and EPA numbers of all products applied, mix ratio / rate of product per unit, total volume of material applied, coverage rate where applicable, and aquatic buffer designation where applicable. At the end of each calendar year, all pesticide records will be submitted to the PARD Superintendent for pesticide reporting. These will then be collated onto a single form and submitted no later than March to the Watershed Protection Coordinator. Equally important is the recordkeeping of non-chemical interventions. While not legally required, non- chemical interventions are the basis for evaluation, management, and action thresholds of IPM. Data collection and recordkeeping of non-chemical interventions is essential in demonstrating compliance with IPM principles and the effectiveness of actions taken. Staff will document non-chemical interventions in the appropriate record management system for analysis and reporting. Integrated Pest Management Plan 25 | P a g e Pesticide Material Management STRATEGY 7: Use of Remaining Pesticide Solutions and Rinses PURPOSE This Strategy establishes procedures for the use and disposal of any pesticide remains generated by COD applicators. It outlines methods for use of remaining pesticide solutions and rinses in a legal and safe manner. BACKGROUND Applicable laws require that all pesticide solutions and rinses be applied to target areas according to label directions. These solutions and rinses may also be disposed of at an authorized pesticide disposal site. It is the goal of COD to conduct our pesticide operations so that disposal of remaining material is not necessary. STRATEGY Pesticide solutions and rinses should be applied according to the label directions, and to legal target sites so there are no pesticides remaining. This shall be accomplished by accurately gauging the amount of pesticide needed for the job. COD promotes the use of advance planning to minimize the number of times it is necessary to switch pesticides in spray equipment. In order to reduce the amount of excess rinsate, it is the Strategy to rinse equipment only at the end of the spray cycle or when changing to pesticides that are incompatible with those in the tank. It is a legal requirement to fully label all tanks and sprayers containing leftover pesticides at the end of each day. PROCEDURES Following are some considerations to make before beginning an application to assure the proper amount of pesticide is mixed. Advance considerations: • Weather conditions and predictions. • Acreage/square footage of the job site. • Calendar: special events, mowing, irrigation, etc. • Type and size of the equipment appropriate to do the job. When applying the pesticide use the following procedures to reduce and safely store the rinse solution. These are secondary to label information and State and Federal regulation. • Mix only enough pesticide solution to do the job that day. • Use up all pesticide, applying until the tank is empty, or no more solution is coming through the nozzle. • If pesticide mix remains, completely label the tank or sprayer with legal labels for the products used. Also mark the current concentration for each product, the date, and the name of the applicator. • When resuming spray applications, the next time, either use the leftover material, or add dilution water and circulate the mix thoroughly before adding new concentrate. • If spray tank rinsate is created, store the rinsate as make-up water for the next day. The next day's pesticide should be compatible or the same. The same labeling requirements pertain to the rinsate mix. Rinse the sprayer if the following conditions apply: Integrated Pest Management Plan 26 | P a g e • It is necessary to use a pesticide incompatible with that previously used. • It is the end of a spraying cycle. Use the following rinse process: 1. Read the pesticide label. The following should not conflict with label information or State or Federal regulations. Contact your supervisor if you see a conflict or have questions. 2. Wear protective clothing, as listed on the label when handling pesticides, pesticide containers, or pesticide equipment. 3. Fill the spray equipment approximately ¼ full with clean water. Shake or agitate so that all inside surfaces are washed. If possible, use the spray hose to rinse the inside surface of the tank. These procedures should coincide with all labels. 4. Spray the rinse water out of the spray equipment onto an approved target area. Rinse water should be run through all hoses, booms, etc. Filters should be cleaned. Because of the dilute nature of the pesticide in the rinse water, a coarse spray can be used and is recommended to save time. Do not “pond” or saturate the soil. 5. If the tank is to be stored, repeat step 3 and 4 above two times until the tank is clean. Cleaning motorized, mechanical sprayers: 1. No pesticide solution shall be left in the tank or any other moving part overnight. 2. Equipment must be cleaned according to manufacturer’s recommendation and in accordance to label recommendations. a. This ensures longevity of equipment and safety measures should the equipment need to be worked on. b. This prevents an environmental hazard should the tank, hoses, or pump begin to leak. Integrated Pest Management Plan 27 | P a g e STRATEGY 8: Storage and Transportation of Pesticides PURPOSE This Strategy defines the method and procedure for storage of pesticide materials for all COD locations and personnel. BACKGROUND Attention to the proper storage is vital to assure public and employee safety, as well as to protect the investment in their purchase. Several agencies are involved in regulating aspects of pesticide storage. No single agency has comprehensive authority. Agencies involved include State of Texas Department of Agriculture, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Texas State Fire Marshall, and the Denton Fire Department. Pesticides will be stored and transported in a manner that reduces the risk of spills, exposure, theft, degradation, contamination, or loss. STRATEGY Pesticides or pesticide containers shall be kept in secure and safe locations in accordance with existing laws. They shall be kept in a secure location and, if possible, in a temperature controlled, well-ventilated area. Areas used for storage shall be labeled and designated for use by work unit supervisors. Pesticides shall be safeguarded from environmental damage such as extreme temperature, photodecomposition or moisture. All pesticides in storage shall be inspected regularly and, if necessary, rotated on the shelf to assure that the oldest dated items are used first. Storage of pesticides shall be in accordance with applicable laws. Individual sites may store pesticides if they are in spill-proof and lockable cabinets and labelled as pesticides. Pesticides being transported shall be appropriately and safely secured in the vehicle. Only licensed applicators shall transport pesticides. Appropriate spill response supplies, as outlined in Strategy 12, must be immediately available. Pesticides shall not be transported in passenger cabs of vehicles where alternatives exist, such as truck beds, truck boxes or vehicle trunks. Integrated Pest Management Plan 28 | P a g e STRATEGY 9: Disposal of Empty Pesticide Containers and Unusable Pesticides PURPOSE This Strategy defines the method and procedures for the disposal of pesticide containers and unusable pesticides or those pesticides whose registrations have been totally or partially suspended. BACKGROUND COD considers proper disposal of unusable pesticides and pesticide containers of the utmost importance to the safety of employees, the public, and the environment. Several governmental agencies regulate pesticide disposal. No one agency has comprehensive authority. Agencies involved include the Texas State Department of Agriculture, Department of Environmental Quality, Environmental Protection Agency, and Occupational Safety and Health Administration. COD will comply with all relevant laws governing the proper disposal of these materials. STRATEGY COD shall dispose of pesticides and empty pesticide containers in accordance with all State and Federal regulations and label recommendations. Disposal of pesticide containers and unusable pesticides not in accordance with this Strategy will be cause for disciplinary action. PROCEDURES Read the pesticide label. The following steps should not conflict with label information or state and federal regulations. Contact your supervisor if you determine a conflict or have other questions. Always wear protective clothing when handling pesticides or pesticide containers, as directed on the label. For non-rigid containers including bags, sacks, and boxes 1. Pesticide material must be emptied into application equipment to the extent made possible by physical agitation of the container. 2. Visually verify that residues have been removed. 3. Multiple-rinse non-rigid containers such as paper lined with plastic or foil. 4. Place in a plastic bag and mark as to contents. For rigid containers such as plastic, glass, or metal 1. Pesticide material must be emptied into application equipment to the extent possible by pouring, then visually verifying that the residues have been removed. 2. The container must be rinsed with clean water until clean; the rinse water being poured into the spray equipment. Empty the pesticide and all rinsates into the sprayer before the full amount of diluting water is added to the spray equipment. 3. Place in a plastic bag and mark as to contents. Storage of Containers 1. Containers must be stored in plastic bags in a secure area until they can be taken to a secure collection site. The Park Maintenance Complex is a designated secure collection site. 2. Containers must be transported to and placed in the designated secure container box at the Park Maintenance storage area. Each container product name and size must be recorded by a licensed applicator on the designated form at that time. Integrated Pest Management Plan 29 | P a g e 3. An inventory of products will be maintained by City staff. For each container, record the date, name of the pesticide, quantity and size of the container. These records shall be kept at the site, and copies forwarded to the PARD Superintendent and the City’s Risk Manager as required. Disposal of Unusable Pesticides Unusable pesticides are ones that: 1) are damaged through vaporization, freezing, infiltration of moisture to containers or photo decomposition; 2) have exceeded their shelf life; or 3) have visually changed their composition or structure in some manner. 1. A Department Manager and/or Supervisor should be informed of plans to dispose of pesticides and of results of the disposition. 2. The Department Manager and/or Supervisor responsible for land management will contact the TDA, the manufacturer or dealer and/or a licensed consultant and find out if the product is still usable. 3. If the pesticide has less activity due to long storage, moisture, or freeze damage, follow the recommendations of the dealer, manufacturer, or licensed consultant and use procedures in this Strategy as they apply. One option could be to apply the material realizing that full control is not achievable using the damaged pesticide. 4. If this option cannot be followed legally, follow recommendations of the dealer or manufacturer or licensed consultant. It is not legal to transfer damaged or altered pesticides to another party for use. It may be necessary to arrange for disposal of the pesticide in a manner recommended by TCEQ. 5. The Pesticide Licensed Applicators are responsible for properly disposing of pesticides according to law and TDA. A record of these disposals should be kept on file for three years. Disposal of Pesticides with Totally or Partially Canceled Registrations (or those which have been removed from approved use) 1. The Department Manager and/or Supervisor responsible for land management shall keep up-to- date on the pesticide regulatory news and respond to pending actions appropriately to minimize or eliminate stocks of unusable pesticides. 2. If unusable pesticides remain in stock, staff will follow recommendations of the regulatory agencies, manufacturer or dealer in finding a legal user for the pesticide. If the pesticide is unopened and/or still retains its integrity it may be possible to transfer the pesticide to a legally registered bureau, agency, or group to use. 3. It may be necessary to dispose of the pesticide in a manner recommended by TDA and TCEQ. Integrated Pest Management Plan 30 | P a g e Safety Measures and Emergency Response STRATEGY 10: Use of Protective Clothing and Equipment PURPOSE This Strategy outlines the requirements for the use of protective clothing and equipment by COD personnel when undertaking pest management activities. BACKGROUND Use of pest management tools, equipment, and materials may require the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). Use of such equipment is necessary to provide an adequate measure of safety for the applicator. This protective equipment will be clearly defined in the legal pesticide label directions or directives in equipment manuals. When such directives exist, they must be adhered to. Use of appropriate protective equipment may not be so clearly defined for all pest management methods, and in such cases, it is the responsibility of the applicator to determine and employ adequate safety equipment. STRATEGY Personnel engaged in the use of pest management tools, equipment, or materials shall follow all clothing and equipment requirements required to ensure their safety. When using pesticides, the label directives for use of PPE must be adhered to. Use of related power and mechanical equipment must be accompanied by appropriate PPE as determined by equipment manuals or supervisor's directives. Minimum PPE standards are: • Long sleeve shirt • Long pants • Closed-toe shoes with socks. Required personal protective equipment appropriate to satisfy specific pesticide label requirements shall be provided by COD to employees for their use. This may include, but is not limited to: respiratory protection, eye protection, coveralls, rain gear, mixing aprons, chemically resistant boots, gloves, head protection, and hearing protection. Time will be made available to wash up before lunch and at the end of the work shift. The applicator is responsible for cleaning, storing, and maintaining PPE and equipment in a safe and useful manner. Applicators may also provide their own additional PPE if desired, if such equipment and its use has been previously approved by their supervisor. If applicators apply organophosphate and carbamate insecticides in amounts and frequencies determined by Natural Agricultural Safety Data base to require cholinesterase blood tests, PARD will provide for these tests. This testing monitors the potential depletion of the enzyme cholinesterase in the blood, an indicator of exposure to these materials. Integrated Pest Management Plan 31 | P a g e STRATEGY 11: Emergency Information Concerning Accidental Pesticide Exposure PURPOSE This Strategy establishes procedures for the proper response to employee and citizen inquiries regarding accidental exposure to any pesticide material used by COD staff. It defines the City's response to inquiries concerning adverse health effects as a possible result of accidental exposure to pesticides. BACKGROUND The City's handling of public inquiries should be prompt, professional, and well-supported. While staff can answer general questions, the City does not have medical professionals on staff to address specific medical questions relevant to accidental exposure. This expertise is readily available in the health care community. Therefore, concerns of this nature will be referred to qualified medical personnel for resolution. STRATEGY COD will inform applicators of proper procedures to be taken in case of pesticide exposure. Anyone inquiring about pesticide exposure will be referred to his or her own personal physician, the Central Texas Poison Center (CTPC), or the Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS). A list of these authorities and their phone numbers are listed in the appendices. Safety Data Sheet (SDS) information about all hazardous substances in the workplace is available to all personnel. This information includes symptoms of exposure, and procedures for handling overexposure to individual pesticides. If symptoms of illness occur during or shortly after applying pesticides, the CTPC should be contacted or the individual should receive medical attention immediately. Non-emergency questions received shall be referred to the appropriate COD staff member who will provide information to the questioner or refer them to qualified individuals or sources for further information. PROCEDURES • Use planning to avoid emergencies and to expedite aid should an accident occur. • Be informed of the symptoms of exposure and the decontamination steps necessary in case of accidental exposure. • Use all safety procedures and protective gear as recommended on the label. • Have a copy of the appropriate label available when applying or transporting pesticides (concentrated and dilute.) In case of a medical emergency related to suspected pesticide exposure: • Handle any emergency situation as per First Aid instructions, or label and SDS. • Call for emergency backup if necessary. • Refer to Central Texas Poison Center. • Take a label for reference for medical personnel if it is necessary to leave the site. • Inform your supervisor as soon as possible. • Inform the immediate supervisor or department manager as soon as possible. Integrated Pest Management Plan 32 | P a g e In response to a non-emergency inquiry: • Respond to questions to the best of your ability. • Refer detailed or technical questions to the appropriate COD staff member. • Inform your supervisor. Integrated Pest Management Plan 33 | P a g e STRATEGY 12: Pesticide Spill Response PURPOSE This Strategy outlines the objectives, training requirements and procedures COD personnel should follow in response to an accidental release of pesticides. This applies to all COD staff involved in applications of pesticides, handling of pesticides, or acting in a communications response role during a spill incident. BACKGROUND Several state and federal regulations apply to an unintentional release of pesticides. Several state and federal regulations apply to an accidental release of hazardous materials. The Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Public Utilities Commission (PUC) regulate the transport of hazardous waste resulting from a spill and the release of chemicals if it occurs when they are being transported. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Texas Commission of Environmental Quality (TCEQ) protect the environment through regulation concerning prevention of and response to the contamination of water, land, and air resulting from a pesticide spill. They are also tasked with the responsibility to make sure that the pesticides are properly disposed of. These regulations are incorporated into the procedures outlined here. Through its Pesticide Spill Response Strategy, the City strives to take a leadership role as a steward of public land and of the environment. STRATEGY The primary method by which COD reduces pesticide spills is through prevention. Through planning, preparation, adherence to good work practices, and increased awareness of the potential results of a spill, the possibility of a spill occurring is minimized. City personnel will respond in accordance with all governmental regulations, including those of DOT, EPA, TCEQ, OSHA, and this Strategy should an accidental release of a pesticide occur. In performing emergency activities following a spill, protection of both employees and the public, is of great concern, as is protection of property and the environment. Anyone liable for a spill shall immediately clean up the spill or release. The cleanup must use the best available methods to achieve the lowest practicable level of contamination. OSHA, which is concerned with worker protection, has two regulations governing spills. The first one, Hazard Communication, applies to incidental spills that present a low potential of hazard to the worker, the public and the environment. Included are small spills of dilute pesticides, spills of material with granular formulations, and lower toxicity materials. The other regulation, Emergency Response, applies to incidents with a high degree of hazard such as large spills of dilute material, pesticides with higher toxicity, and concentrates in a confined space. An incidental spill becomes an Emergency Response when: 1. The release or spill significantly impacts another agency's functions; 2. The incidental spill precipitates evacuation or curtailing of work; 3. The event causes a negative impact on neighboring facilities or the community; or 4. The spill involves a coordinated effort by local first responders. Integrated Pest Management Plan 34 | P a g e Only licensed pesticide applicators can transport or apply pesticides. They will receive training and equipment that will allow them to respond to incidental spills. Spills that require an Emergency Response will be handled by a local HAZMAT team. An assessment and evaluation of the quantity, hazardous level, and impact of each spill will be conducted. Spills will be reported as required by local, state, and federal regulatory agencies. Staff will coordinate response and reporting activities with the local HAZMAT team, the Emergency Management Coordinator, and the Director of Environmental Services. The spill need not be reported immediately if it occurs on a surface impervious to the hazardous material and is fully contained, and if it is completely cleaned up without further incident, including repairing the cause of the spill. The immediate supervisor or department manager will determine whether these agencies should be contacted. Particular attention should be paid to ensure that a pesticide does not pollute the water supply. A primary aim in following the procedures outlined here is to recover and reuse as much of the spilled pesticide as possible. Any absorbent or other contaminated material from which the spilled pesticide cannot be recovered is hazardous waste and must be labeled, stored and disposed of properly. RESPONSIBILITY AND TRAINING Three levels of spill response have been identified. The levels and their training requirements are described below: Level Description and Training Level I is for individuals who come into indirect contact with pesticides and their use. They must be able to recognize and respond to an emergency by obtaining and passing on information, and by making the appropriate notifications. They will not take an active role in containment and clean up procedures. People at this level will have sufficient training to acquire competency in the following areas: 1. Familiarity with CHEMTREC6 (provides access to technical experts on chemical products and hazardous materials and maintains a large database of Material Safety Data Sheets. CHEMTREC can be reached at (800) 424-9300) and an understanding of their own role in an emergency. 2. An understanding of pesticides as hazardous substances, and the risks associated with them in a spill. 3. The ability to recognize the presence of hazardous material in an emergency. 4. The ability to recognize the need for additional resources, and to make appropriate notifications. People in this category include those managers supervising land maintenance and management operations. These individuals will receive additional training to familiarize them with their role in the case of an emergency. Level II is for licensed applicators that apply or transport small volumes of low to moderately toxic pesticides. This level includes response to incidental spills. Individuals at this level are trained to prevent spills from occurring. Should one occur, they are trained to stop the release, keep it from spreading, and do cleanup. Most licensed pesticide applicators are in this category. Integrated Pest Management Plan 35 | P a g e Individuals at this level will receive training in addition to pesticide applicators, along with hazard communication and respiratory protection training. They must exhibit competency in the following areas as well as those listed in the base level. 1. Familiarity with activities which promote spill prevention. 2. Familiarity with the Spill Response Program and their own role in an emergency. 3. Knowledge of safety and health hazards of hazardous materials in a spill. 4. An understanding of basic chemical and toxicological terminology and behavior. 5. Knowledge of work practices that employees can use to minimize risks from hazards. 6. Selection and use of proper personal protective equipment. 7. Identification of symptoms that may indicate overexposure to hazards. 8. Implementation of basic decontamination procedures. 9. Performance of basic control, containment, and clean-up techniques. 10. Skill in determining when a spill is fully cleaned up. Level III training includes individuals who apply or transport over 50 gallons of dilute pesticides, or more than 1 gallon or 10 pounds of concentrate with a danger label. They are trained to stop the release, keep it from spreading and do cleanup. 1. Knowledge and use of spill prevention techniques for larger equipment. 2. Knowledge of hazard and risk assessment techniques. 3. An understanding of basic hazardous materials terms. 4. An understanding of basic chemical and toxicological terminology and behavior. 5. Selection and use of proper personal protective equipment appropriate for more toxic pesticides. 6. Implementation of decontamination procedures. 7. Performance of control, containment and clean up techniques. This level includes the department managers and supervisor directly overseeing landscaping and ground maintenance and who will be coordinating with officials on notifying regulatory agencies, documenting incidents, ensuring that the cleanup is complete, and making arrangements for disposal of hazardous waste. SPILL PREVENTION COD personnel will employ a variety of practices to reduce the potential of a pesticide spill. These will include the following: Purchasing When procuring chemicals, a factor in determining which chemical formulation to purchase will be the ease with which it can be cleaned up in the event of a spill. Types of packaging and formulations that may help to prevent a spill from occurring will be factors as well. Characteristics of the pesticide, such as toxicity and reactivity that may affect the seriousness of a spill, will also be considered. Preparation Planning, training of personnel, and acquisition and maintenance of equipment and supplies will be done to reduce the risk of a spill occurring, and to minimize damage should one occur. For example, regular preventative maintenance will be done on sprayers, replacing hoses and valves before they wear out. Integrated Pest Management Plan 36 | P a g e Work Practices COD personnel will use practices to minimize the potential for a spill to occur, and to ease clean up should one occur. For example, pesticides should be placed in a leak-proof container while being transported. PESTICIDE SPILL PROCEDURES Pesticide spills can pose serious threats to human health and cause significant environmental contamination. A thorough knowledge of the appropriate steps to take in the event of a spill will allow you to minimize the potential for adverse effects and may save you a great deal of money in expensive cleanup costs. Always be prepared to handle spills before they occur. It is a good idea to have a spill kit in storage and mixing areas. Contamination can greatly increase when delaying response to a pesticide spill. Spills may be relatively minor, involving one or a few leaking containers. However, major spills, such as when a sprayer overturns spilling its contents, can and do occasionally occur. Regardless of the magnitude of the spill, the objectives of a proper response are the same. 1. ASSESS the situation 2. CONTROL the spill. 3. CONTAIN the spill. 4. CLEAN IT UP. 5. DOCUMENT the spill. (NOTE: Should a release of a pesticide occur, the following guidelines shall be used: Do not clean up the spill if you are not properly trained, if you don’t have proper protective equipment or if doing so would endanger your health or safety.) ASSESS THE SITUATION 1. Out of Control Release: a. Tell bystanders to remain at a safe distance. b. Call 911. Ask for fire; describe the situation as a hazardous materials spill. If there are injured people, ask for an ambulance. If chemical injury is involved, be certain that a copy of the label accompanies the victim. c. Assist injured people. Remove contaminated clothing immediately. d. Determine whether there is an imminently hazardous situation that you can take steps to correct. (For example, it may be appropriate to move the truck away from a waterway or heat source.) e. Contact supervisor. f. If the spill is on a roadway, set up DOT reflectors upwind of spilled materials and divert traffic if possible. g. Remain on site and update the Denton HAZMAT Team as new information develops. 2. Controllable Release and there are no injuries: a. Tell bystanders to remain at a safe distance and initiate control and clean up procedures outlined in CONTROL THE SPILL. You should be also putting on any PPE necessary. Integrated Pest Management Plan 37 | P a g e 3. Report the Spill Notification will depend on the hazard level of the product spilled, the nature of the spill and state regulations. Part of preparation should be to know the cleanup procedure and reporting sequence for each product. A supervisor should be notified immediately. As a rule, the Emergency Management Coordinator, Risk Manager, and Watershed Protection Department should be notified for all reportable spills. When you notify authorities of an emergency, have the following information: • The name and phone number of the contact person at the facility where the spill occurred; • The location of the spill and if water is threatened; • The name of the chemical spilled; • If the product is known to be acutely toxic; • The estimated quantity spilled; • The extent of injuries or exposure; • The cause of the spill; • Action taken to control and contain the spill; • Planned cleanup procedures, evacuation and other precautions; and • When the spill occurred. CONTROL THE SPILL When attempting to control the flow of the chemical, do not expose yourself unnecessarily. Always carry protective clothing, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and spill containment equipment when transporting pesticides. Use this equipment when pesticide emergencies occur. 1. Put on protective equipment. 2. Do not allow the material to enter a drain. Survey the area to see if there is a need to place a dam to protect a sewer drain or another waterway. If the pesticide does enter a drain, reduce the flow as much as possible, and call Watershed Protection at 940-349-7123 immediately. If not available 940-349-7000. 3. Stop the flow of the chemical. • If the spill is from a leaky container, position the container to prevent additional spillage. • If the spill is from a leaky valve, isolate the valve and depressurize the tank. • If the spill is from a broken hose shut off valve or pump it may help to loop the hose back into the tank. • If there is a rupture, use duct tape or any other material (such as rags or a patch) to stop the flow of a chemical. 4. Contain the spill using absorbent material. Call the Denton HAZMAT Team to request additional supplies, resources, and assistance if needed. 5. Change or add to your protective equipment as necessary. Put contaminated protective equipment in a plastic bag to transport to your work unit for cleaning. Follow proper decontamination procedures for protective equipment. CONTAIN THE SPILL After the leak has been controlled as well as possible, contain the spilled material in as small an area as possible. With liquid spills, construct a dam to prevent the chemical from spreading. It is particularly important not to allow any chemical to get into any body of water, including storm sewers. Do not hose down the area; this will cause further spread of the chemical. Liquid spills can be further contained by Integrated Pest Management Plan 38 | P a g e spreading absorbent materials such as fine sand, vermiculite, sawdust, or clay over the entire spill. For absorbing small spills and minor leaks, kitty litter is particularly useful. (NOTE: Avoid the use of sawdust or sweeping compounds if the pesticide is a strong oxidizer. Such a combination presents a possible fire hazard.) CLEAN UP THE SPILL After the spill has been contained, consult with the Denton HAZMAT Team and Watershed Protection on clean up. 1. For dry material, sweep up the pesticide. 2. For a liquid spill, materials such as absorbent dikes, pillows, and towels can be used to absorb a product. 3. For concentrate spills on pavement, after picking up as much as possible, contain the area and wash the pavement with a small amount of water. Absorb this diluted pesticide and reclaim it. 4. If the soil has been contaminated, contact the Denton HAZMAT Team. The department manager, your supervisor, and you will determine to what degree cleanup should proceed using COD personnel. You may be asked to remove the contaminated soil. If so, scoop up enough soil to completely remove the pesticide. Place unusable material in a container labeled “Hazardous Waste”. Coordinate the disposal of the material with the Denton HAZMAT Team and/or Risk Management. 5. Contact the Denton HAZMAT Team if it has not been done already. Have the Spill Incident Report ready so that your supervisor and the manager can evaluate the situation. DOCUMENT THE SPILL 1. Complete a Pesticide Spill Incident Report. 2. A copy of the report will be filed with the department manager and supervisor directly overseeing landscape and ground maintenance operations. 3. All Pesticide Spill Incident Reports will be reviewed by the department manager and supervisor. A debriefing of the incident will be held with staff and additional training will be provided based on the nature of the incident. 4. Restock the Spill Kit Pesticide Spill Kit Response Equipment The following items must be immediately available to all persons applying or transporting pesticides: 1. Hard copies or mobile access to the following information: • Chemical labels for materials being transported; • SDS for chemicals being transported clipped to front of binder; • Pesticide Spill Response Procedures and Incident Report; • A DOT Emergency Response Guidebook; and • Emergency phone numbers 2. A radio, other two-way communication device, or cellular phone if there is the potential of a spill occurring that would require assistance. 3. Personal protective equipment appropriate for handling the pesticides being applied or transported in the event of a spill. 4. An eyewash either on the truck or on site and immediately available in the case of an emergency. 5. Tools and supplies to make repairs to the application equipment and to stop leaks. Integrated Pest Management Plan 39 | P a g e 6. A means of picking up spilled material. Depending on the formulation this may include absorbent material, broom and dustpan, or shovel. 7. Plastic recovery bags and ties for the material and for contaminated personal protective equipment. 8. A jug of water and detergent. Integrated Pest Management Plan 40 | P a g e Targeted Pest Management STRATEGY 13: Turf Broadleaf Weed Management PURPOSE This Strategy defines the management of weeds in the turf areas of City property and the use of selective turf herbicides by an applicator. BACKGROUND For turf to function in the manner it was intended, appropriate maintenance standards may require management of weeds within these sites. While the subject of overall turf health is a topic too complex to cover in detail within this Strategy, the management of weeds in designated turf sites shall be regulated by this Strategy. Designated turf sites generally include active park areas, athletic fields, and high traffic / high visibility locations such as City Hall. Other City property may be designated as needed or prioritized. The establishment and maintenance of quality turf requires a proper site, good root zone conditions, optimum fertility levels, adequate irrigation, correct mowing practices, and other factors. COD relies primarily on attention to these sites and cultural factors in maintaining turf and minimizing the density of weeds. Adherence to good cultural practices aids in development of healthy stands of turf which resist establishment of weeds. Selective herbicides can also be used as effective tools to reduce or eliminate populations of weeds in turf as part of an overall program of turf health maintenance. Examples of turf health practices currently employed include: • Proper siting. • Site and soil preparation. • Drainage improvements. • Pruning of adjacent plants for increased sunlight penetration. • Proper selection of grass varieties. • Core aeration. • Overseeding. • Mulch mowing to leave clippings on site. • Mowing at the proper height and frequency. • Proper irrigation practices. • Proper fertilization. • Application of selective broadleaf and grassy herbicides. STRATEGY Turf plays various important functions in our land management. When an area has been determined to be maintained as turf, it is the Strategy of PARD to do so primarily through the implementation of proper planning, cultural, and mechanical practices. These practices are generally adequate to keep the population of turf broadleaf weeds at acceptable levels. At certain sites these practices alone may not be adequate to keep broadleaf weeds at acceptable levels. An acceptable level of turf quality and tolerance of weed infestation varies with the site. The threshold at which controls may be necessary shall be determined on a case-by-case basis taking into consideration such factors as location, public expectation, the manner of activities taking place on the turf, the history of previous control attempts, Integrated Pest Management Plan 41 | P a g e and stresses placed upon the site. The management effort must consider and employ all applicable cultural and mechanical methods as components of a plan to return the turf to an acceptable level of quality. Goals of these methods may include reducing soil compaction, improving soil structure, seeding, increasing drainage capacity, and encouraging healthy and vigorous turf growth through proper fertilization. PROCEDURES For proper IPM, it is essential that there be proper coordination between all the components of turf health management. To ensure this coordination, land maintenance and management supervisors will consult with staff stakeholders such as department representatives and program supervisors / coordinators to understand the use, expectation, and level service the area will require. All applicators will work with land maintenance and management supervisors to identify pest threats and determine the appropriate course of management. Appendix 5 outlines the general maintenance schedule for turf management. Several factors can affect the adherence to the schedule including but not limited to the following: Special Considerations By its nature, the use of herbicides in turf requires their application to sites that have varied, and direct public uses, often involving children and pets. These applications must be carefully planned to allow for careful adherence to the pesticide label directives, and to minimize any potential impacts on these users. Time of Day Applications should be made during the best time of day to avoid public use, high temperatures, and wind. Applications can be made as early in the day as possible or after park hours. Applicators should consider off schedule timing, such as shifting work hours so that spraying can be completed before conditions and park use makes applications problematic. Minimizing public inconvenience and public concern should be of paramount importance. Scheduling Conflicts Any proposed applications should consider the expected use of the area for that date and time, such as nearby school activities, recreation activities, athletic field scheduling, park special events, and all other anticipated uses. Signage Notification signage is of utmost importance in turf applications. The nature of a typical turf site is open and with easy public access. As stated in the Integrated Pest Management Program Notification of Pesticide Use at a Site Strategy 4, signage should be adequate to inform any park user approaching the area. Seasonal Timing Wherever possible, applications should be timed to coincide with the ideal time for turf weed control. This is typically during the spring and fall months, where weed growth is active and conditions leading to turf stress, such as dry and hot weather, are not present. Integral to IPM is knowing specific weed life cycles in order to have effective control. Integrated Pest Management Plan 42 | P a g e Drift Drift is the movement of spray product from an area of application to any unintended site. Drift can occur in the form of droplets during application or as vapors after application. Minimizing drift is critical in turf weed applications. Use of boom sprayers instead of backpack sprayers may increase the potential for drift. Great care should be taken to minimize any possible drift. Caution must be taken at wind speeds of 10 MPH or more. Application is prohibited at wind speeds of 15 MPH or above. Read and follow the product label directions carefully for all products. Applications should cease if any drift inducing condition becomes apparent. Use of appropriate pressure, correct nozzles and other techniques should be employed to minimize creation of small spray particles that may drift. Targeted applications Where warranted spot spraying for turf weeds should be employed. While there are sites that will require an overall broadcast application, there are sites where only certain areas will require treatment. Applications should be focused on the target weed as much as practicable. Integrated Pest Management Plan 43 | P a g e STRATEGY 14: Pesticide Applications around Community Gardens PURPOSE This Strategy defines acceptable and unacceptable use of pesticides within and near park areas designated as community gardens. BACKGROUND Pest management in or near park areas designated as community gardens necessitates special considerations. The Community Garden Program’s participants have varying levels of knowledge about pest management methods and have differing views about the use of pest management materials. Community garden plots are near one another and may change ownership from year to year. Community gardens also produce edible crops which dictate special constraints in managing pests. For these reasons, a special Strategy was formulated and defines the acceptable use of pesticides within Community Gardens. STRATEGY • PARD staff will work in coordination with the Community Garden Committee to establish guidelines regarding garden plot use by participants of the program. • PARD staff shall establish internal guidelines regarding pesticide use by participants of the program. • PARD aims to dedicate 50% of the community garden plots for organic gardening. The use of non-organic pesticides, herbicides, or fertilizers is prohibited. • The plots will be strategically located to protect the integrity of organic methods and practices. • Park employees are asked to take all precautions necessary to keep applications, including any drift, of all pesticides at a minimum from the outside perimeter of Community Garden sites. • Mechanical means, such as cutting, hoeing and mulching, are the preferred method to remove or control weeds in the Community Garden sites and perimeters. Integrated Pest Management Plan 44 | P a g e STRATEGY 15: Waterways Pest Management PURPOSE This Strategy establishes procedures for use of any pesticide materials being applied by COD personnel adjacent to, or upon Denton’s waterways. BACKGROUND This Strategy was written in conjunction with Watershed Protection division’s personnel. The intent is to protect water quality in Denton’s streams and reservoirs. STRATEGY It is the strategy of the City to use all measures to protect the city water supply from contamination through pesticides. COD employees will provide any information needed by the Watershed Protection division and will notify them prior to any spraying of pesticides within or near creeks, rivers, streams, lakes, or any waterways. Some of the regulations in the strategy deal with the following: • Applications of pesticides will not be made if conditions resulting in drift are present. • The Watershed Protection division will be notified if there is a spill or accident that causes unplanned release of pesticides into waterways or environmentally sensitive areas. Refer to Strategy 12 for the appropriate response actions. • The applicator will contact the Watershed Protection division when known pesticide applications will be made in areas inside or near creeks, rivers, streams, lakes, or any waterways. The information should include the pesticides expected to be used, the locations of use, and the frequencies of application. GENERAL GOALS AND PHILOSOPHY COD recognizes the special importance of the rivers, streams, ponds, water quality facilities and wetlands that fall under our stewardship. The sensitive nature of such habitats, their plant and animal communities, and their direct link with other waterways require that we establish specific policies to ensure their health. The IPM outlines special procedures and clear guidelines and limitations regarding maintenance methods and materials for both these waterways and the public lands adjacent to them. An integrated approach will be used in all landscape management decision making MANAGEMENT PRACTICES, MATERIALS AND LIMITATIONS FOR PARKS WATERWAYS AND BUFFERS Definitions The buffer zone referred to in this Strategy is defined as a corridor of land between the top of the stream bank and the edge of the waterline at the time of application. Application Equipment Used Pesticide delivery for all listed areas in this Strategy will be carried out by hand with directed, low volume, single wand sprayers, wiping, daubing and painting equipment, injections systems, or drop spreaders. Typically, this is done by backpack sprayers, but may also include sprayers with larger fill tanks as long as the same kind of hand application methods is used. These methods of delivery result in low volume applications and low-pressure spraying. This minimizes the formation of fine mists that might be carried off target. These practices ensure that applied materials will reach targeted plants or targeted soil surfaces. Integrated Pest Management Plan 45 | P a g e Pesticide Drift When applications of pesticides are being made within the buffer zone, great care will be exercised in the process. Managing drift is of particular importance when surface waters are nearby. Equipment used in the application shall employ all necessary methods to limit drift. Nozzle size, pressure regulation, droplet size, and height of spray wand, are all techniques that can be modified to reduce unwanted drift of pesticides. Spray applications will not be allowed in the buffer area when: • Wind speed is above 5 mph, and • Wind direction or activity would carry pesticides toward, or deposit them upon open water. Pesticides Available To more clearly regulate any possible aquatic impacts, the pesticides available for use in buffers and aquatic sites will be reduced in scope from the general park list. Only aquatic-labeled pesticides may be used within buffer zones or waterways. Choice of pesticides utilized take into account any possible effects on aquatic life as well as tendencies to move in the environment. In addition, applicators must research the impacts of each pesticide before use and get approval from the direct supervisor. Materials available for tree injections in buffer zones: In the event a pest or disease threatens the health of important and valuable trees within a buffer zone, there may be a need to treat them. Instances of this occurring are rare. However, in these special cases, the use of injectable pesticides may be employed when necessary, with the following limitations. The pesticide applied must be delivered by methods that inject or otherwise distribute the material entirely within interior tree tissues. Pesticides will not be injected into the soil surrounding the tree. Tree surfaces will not be sprayed or treated with pesticides. The insecticides and fungicides used in these injection systems shall be approved by the PARD Manager in consultation with the Watershed Protection Coordinator and the Urban Forrester. The intent and limit of this exception to the approved buffer zone pesticide list is to allow only the insecticides or fungicides necessary to combat direct threats to the health of valuable trees. Materials for all other areas: Approved pesticides may be used outside the waterway and buffer zones, where not otherwise prohibited by this Strategy. Recordkeeping Requirements All regular application recordkeeping requirements will be adhered to for all pesticide applications. This includes date and the time intervals of the application, temperature and wind conditions, location of application, materials used, concentrations used, amount applied, coverage rate, equipment used, applicator full name and license number. In the event an unlicensed staff member performs an application under the license of a holder, the unlicensed staff member’s full name will be included in the records. Integrated Pest Management Plan 46 | P a g e Personnel Requirements All those applying pesticides must be Texas Department of Agriculture licensed applicators. Application of pesticides to aquatic sites will only be done by licensed personnel who have received an additional aquatics license certification. Changes to the Strategy A need may arise for modifications or additions to this Strategy. There are several methods available to accomplish this. PARD representatives will develop an IPM strategy to deal with the threat. If this strategy involves the need for any pesticide applications within buffer zones or waterways that are not already outlined in the current Strategy, PARD will consult with Watershed Protection regarding the proposed modifications. Integrated Pest Management Plan 47 | P a g e STRATEGY 16: Vegetation Management in Engineered Wood Fiber Playground Areas PURPOSE This Strategy defines acceptable practices for managing vegetation in playgrounds areas. In all our IPM activities, PARD seeks to minimize any potential impacts to our park users while still providing responsible, effective, and efficient care for our facilities. Engineered Wood Fiber (EWF) playground areas focus attention on our activities and require a special set of best management practices to benefit both PARD and park users. BACKGROUND The Department is transitioning over to Engineered Wood Fiber (EWF) as its preferred playground safety surface. EWF is from a virgin wood source and must prove to be non-toxic and free of foreign debris. It is comprised of randomly sized wood fibers, the majority of which do not exceed 4 inches in length and meets ASTM and CPSC guidelines for safety surfacing and ADA accessibility. As EWF consists of specially manufactured wood chips, they also pose a special need for more attention for staff to address the following approved vegetation management methods and materials in these specific areas. STRATEGY All PARD personnel are required to adhere to this Strategy when they are undertaking weed management activities in playground areas and their immediate borders or margins. Weed control in these play areas will be accomplished primarily through the use of the wood chip mulch over layered rock and weed fabric. To function as both a safe surface for play and as an effective weed barrier, this chip layer should be kept at the established specification depth. If the mulch layer is not adequate for weed control it should be amended as soon as is practicable. Mulch layers that have broken down over time and provide a medium for good weed growth should be replaced or amended with fresh chips. Spraying of herbicides will not be used to control vegetation in play areas. Manual weeding is usually adequate to keep weeds from establishing within the chipped areas. Effort shall be made to respond quickly to weed presence so that this kind of control will be feasible and effective. Specifications for layering of weed barrier material are as follows: • Weed fabric barrier over leveled ground • 2” diameter rock at 4-6 inches in depth • Weed fabric barrier over rock layer • EWF at 9-12 inches in depth Use of powered weed control equipment, such as line trimmers and tillers, may be used in chipped areas to control weeds, but careful attention to the dangers they present must be taken. This kind of equipment should not be used when nearby park users may be put at risk. Playground/turf interface borders will be maintained by hand or mechanical means. Establishment of a structured border is preferred and encouraged for installation where possible as it provides a lower maintenance interface between play areas and turf. These structures also reduce weed and turf infiltration. The need to control other pests, such as insects or diseases, can occur. One example would be the presence of stinging insects such as yellowjackets and fire ants in the play area. In these circumstances, Integrated Pest Management Plan 48 | P a g e the use of a targeted insecticide to eliminate the immediate safety hazard may be required. All other applicable pest management policies and approved pesticide lists apply in this case. Integrated Pest Management Plan 49 | P a g e STRATEGY 17: Venomous Insect Management PURPOSE This Strategy defines acceptable practices for managing venomous insects such as hornets, wasps, yellow jackets, bees, and fire ants in COD landscapes and grounds. While these insects will not always cause problems, their presence in some locations, such as playgrounds, can create immediate and serious public and staff safety issues. More importantly, individuals with bee and wasp venom allergies may be presented with life-threatening situations if they are stung. To properly address these safety concerns, employees may be faced with the need to apply insecticides within a short time frame. These control activities and use of insecticide require adherence to the special rules outlined in this Strategy. BACKGROUND Wasps, hornets and yellow jackets may quickly establish nests above and below ground in both natural areas and in developed parks. Not every wasp or bee nest creates a problem for our users or staff. Public threat is dependent on insect species, nest location, time of year and other factors. Yellowjackets and some wasp species can be particularly aggressive towards people, especially near their nests. Other wasps, such as paper wasps are less aggressive and are more benign depending on location of their nest. Honeybee swarms generally do not create a large stinging potential as bee behavior is altered during this time. Nest location is also important when determining threat. Nests located near walkways, buildings, playgrounds or similar sites are more problematic than those located in remote areas. Nests in areas where vegetation management or restoration planting is being carried out can also create problems. Wasp behavior may also vary with the time of year. Yellowjackets will exhibit increased defensive behavior as the season progresses. Normally, yellowjacket and paper wasp colonies only live one season. Honeybee nests usually persist from year to year. Red imported fire ants or Solenopsis invicta are an invasive species common in many areas of Texas. Red imported fire ants are very aggressive, deliver painful stings, and can pose a threat to people, animals, and plants. The ants are normally found in mounds but can also nest deeper in the ground. There is no method of eradication and control can be difficult if not treated properly. STRATEGY Evaluation When wasp or bee nests and fire ant mounds are discovered on COD property, staff should evaluate the safety threat they pose. If the nest or mound is considered to create a safety hazard for park users or staff, isolation and control measures should take place. Nests and mounds that create an immediate hazard, such as those near playgrounds, community centers, walkways, trails and work sites, should be addressed as soon as possible. Other criteria that may constitute a hazard are nests and mounds that have been disturbed and sites with aggressive insects. Nests occurring within inhabited structures such as community centers create an immediate safety hazard and control of these should be immediately referred to a qualified professional contractor. Isolating nests or swarms Where possible, nests or swarms that present an immediate public hazard should be isolated by either signage, cones, taping, flagging, or by other means, so that the area of danger can be avoided. The barriers used in isolating the insects should stay in place until the nest is eliminated or the swarm is removed. Make sure that signage is in place to warn the public. Integrated Pest Management Plan 50 | P a g e Honeybee swarms and nests When discovered, honeybee swarms should be marked as described above until the bees have been collected. Qualified bee removal businesses should be contacted to collect the swarm. Honeybee swarms should not be sprayed with insecticides. Unless location of the nest presents a hazard, honeybee nests should be tolerated where possible. If removal is required, qualified contractors should physically remove nests when feasible. Spraying of honeybee nests should be a last resort. Spraying wasp and hornet nests Aerosol jet stream products labeled for use on wasp and hornet nests can be effective against both yellow jackets and paper wasps, but they must be used with extreme caution. Non-toxic and non- chemical products can also be effective in eliminating nests. Wasps will attack when they sense an application to their nests, and even freeze-type products are not guaranteed to stop every individual. For this reason, extreme caution must be used when nest applications are taking place. The following practices should be adhered to: • Nests should be sprayed at night or before dawn, when all members of the hive are present and most passive. Daytime spraying is not recommended except in certain emergency cases where the public is not placed at risk from increased hive activity. • Nests should not be disturbed before treatment. Disturbed nests should not be approached. • Nest location should be isolated as described above. Isolated area devices must be left up until the nest has been eradicated. • Nests that are situated high in trees, or in otherwise difficult to access locations should be treated by professional contractors, or by qualified staff in the Urban Forestry department. Do not attempt to control a nest if you cannot easily do so. • Nests in structures, building, tree cavities, etc., should be treated by professional contractors only. • Staff may use a non-toxic formula or wasp and hornet spray that is available at the local store, providing that they follow the directions on the label for use. Approved sprays will contain synthetic pyrethroids as their active ingredient. Products with other active ingredients are not approved for use by staff. • All applications shall be documented as per the Strategy 6: Pesticide Application Recordkeeping. Approved applicators In general, staff with valid TDA pesticide applicator licenses with an insecticide category endorsement should be the designated employees carrying out applications. However, there may be instances where these employees are not available, and a nest presents an immediate health and safety threat to the public or staff. In these instances, available personnel with TDA pesticide applicator licenses of any category are approved to use jet spray wasp and hornet products to treat nests. In rare emergency safety situations where no licensed personnel are able to respond in a timely fashion, other personnel may be approved to carry out an application, but only if they have had prior supervisor approval, prior training in the safe use of these sprays, and instruction in the proper management of wasps and bees. Staff members with known wasp or bee allergies will not carry out any wasp or bee control. Use of traps When venomous insects are a continuing serious problem at a site from year to year, use of traps to target emerging queens/ swarms can be considered. Trapping queens / swarms during the emergence Integrated Pest Management Plan 51 | P a g e period has the potential to provide an overall reduction in the venomous insect population for the season. Traps should be installed, monitored, and removed by experienced staff or under Texas Apiary Inspection Service (TAIS) permitted activity. Fire ants For an effective long-term treatment of fire ants, AgriLife Extension recommends using a two-step method of broadcast applications of bait followed by individual mound treatments when necessary. The broadcast treatment of ant bait is recommended in the spring and fall, followed by individual mound treatments on an as-needed basis. The individual mound treatment can be performed with a liquid drench, dust, or granular form of insecticide. Integrated Pest Management Plan 52 | P a g e STRATEGY 18: Dog Area Pest Management PURPOSE This Strategy defines acceptable practices for managing pests in City of Denton dog parks. Park users are invited to bring their dogs to recreate in the parks, either as a designated off-leash area (OLA), or as an on-leash area, therefore pest management in these areas needs to reflect this use. Pest management decisions, methods, and material use should be carried out in a way that maintains public and dog safety and allows for responsible stewardship of park property. BACKGROUND There are many sites in the City of Denton parks, some are fenced, some are unfenced, and all are open from 6 AM to 10 PM. All sites are signed with dogs on or off leash. For the purposes of this Strategy, OLA sites consist of: 1. An officially designated fenced dog off-leash area, including the fence line. 2. An officially designated unfenced dog off-leash area within the boundary markers. By their nature, and from the impact of concentrated dog activity, OLAs can create pest management problems such as increased weeds in turf and the need to control weeds along fence lines. Other pest issues that arise in OLAs are the presence of noxious, poisonous, allergenic, or incompatible weeds, venomous insects, and parasitic insects (fleas) and arachnids (ticks). Proper management of these pests needs to be clearly defined to minimize any potential risks to dogs and their owners and to minimize interference with OLA use by the public. STRATEGY Expected pest management issues arising in the OLAs consist of: • Weeds along fence lines, in tree circles, in shrub beds, around park structures and amenities, and in the turf. • Management of allergenic or poisonous weeds such as poison ivy. • Venomous insect management. • Fleas and ticks OLAs may need to be closed temporarily so that necessary maintenance work can be performed. Temporary signage will be located at OLA boundaries or fencing to alert users in advance of closures. Pesticide applications will be accompanied by notification signage and mandated reentry intervals as defined in Strategy #4 (Notification of Pesticide Use at a Site). Herbicide use in fenced OLAs When it is necessary to apply herbicides within fenced OLAs, great care should be used to time and locate the application to minimize interference with public use. Ideally herbicide use should be as infrequent as possible and would take place when dogs are not present. When herbicides are to be used inside fenced OLAs or along the interior or immediate exterior of their fence lines, the OLA should be closed, and dogs excluded. Closure should be maintained until the reentry requirements as mandated on the product label have been satisfied. This interval typically requires that people and pets be kept out of the area until the sprayed surface has dried. Normal application notification signage as mandated in Strategy #4 should be used. To the extent possible, additional temporary signage will be located outside OLA fencing to alert users in advance of closures. Integrated Pest Management Plan 53 | P a g e Herbicide use in unfenced OLAs When it is necessary to apply herbicides within unfenced OLAs, great care should be used to time and locate the application to minimize interference with public use. Ideally herbicide use should be as infrequent as possible and would take place when dogs are not present. Standard notification as mandated in Strategy #4 (Notification of Pesticide Use at a Site) must be employed. Label directives for reentry must be adhered to, and dogs and people must be excluded from application areas until the interval has been satisfied. Since unleashed dogs are difficult to exclude from large areas, this may necessitate applications that are small in scope to allow for this level of oversight. To the extent possible, additional temporary signage will be located outside OLA boundaries to alert users. Turf broadleaf control OLAs taken out of service may receive selective herbicides as part of an overall turf renovation program but only within the oversight of Strategy 16: Turf Broadleaf Weed Management and the specific approval process it requires. Use of pre-emergent herbicides To be an effective barrier to weed seed germination, pre-emergent herbicide sites need to be left undisturbed after they are applied. Since the activity of dogs in an OLA disturbs soil surfaces and reduces or eliminates the effectiveness of a pre-emergent application, their use in areas of concentrated disturbance sites, such fenced OLAs, is often not effective. However, there may be need for pre- emergent use in less intensively impacted areas. Insecticide use As is the case at most park properties, general insecticide use is not expected in areas that dogs are permitted to be, either as an off-leash or on-leash area. However, there may be emergency situations created by the presence of venomous insects such as yellow jackets, wasps, bees, fire ants, fleas, and ticks. These pests can create serious safety issues for people and their pets. Control of venomous insects must take place as described in the Venomous Insect Management Strategy. Nest demarcation guidelines and the response process as described in that Strategy are of heightened importance in these areas since dogs not in control by their owners may be at increased risk from an active nest site. Any use of insecticides to manage other identified best will be performed under the guidelines of applicable strategies and the approved product list. Mechanical equipment All aspects of park user safety and dog safety should be considered when determining a particular weed control method for a given site. Mechanized weed control equipment such as string trimmers can create hazards such as flying rocks and debris. Dogs may be at risk when they approach the work area. Care should be exercised when using this equipment. The use of disposable bags to collect dog feces assists in the management of insects and other pests. PARD requires all pet owners to collect and dispose of dog feces on park property. This requirement is enforced through City ordinance and posted park rules. Disposable bag dispensers are available at designated dog parks and throughout the park system. Additionally, PARD may schedule additional clean-ups to assist in this effort. Integrated Pest Management Plan 54 | P a g e STRATEGY 19: Insecticide Use and Pollinator Protection PURPOSE This Strategy defines acceptable practices in the management of insects that consider the health and well-being of pollinators and enhances habitats. BACKGROUND The City has been a member of Bee City USA since 2016, and the City became the first Monarch City USA in Texas in 2018. Pollinators, including bees and other insects, play a vital function in both agricultural and natural systems. Their conservation is an important element in the IPM program. Use of any insecticide in the landscape has the potential to impact pollinators in both direct and indirect ways, therefore great care must be taken when considering the use of any insecticide. In most cases, insects do not threaten the long-term health or viability of turf, trees and shrubs and do not require active management. This strategy provides a process to begin to determine if an insect pest should be managed, and if so, what method or material is the most responsible choice. STRATEGY INSECT MANAGEMENT DECISION MAKING ELEMENTS: A. Assess insect impact and significance The significance of problematic insect impacts must be determined before active management is considered. The primary IPM approach to insect management is to tolerate the presence of the insect where possible. The vast majority of insect infestations do not threaten the long-term health or viability of park trees and shrubs. Many are simple nuisance infestations or cause only marginal harm. Others may present only short-term impacts or are merely unsightly. These kinds of insect problems do not threaten the intended function of the green asset to a significant degree. The proper IPM approach for these pests is tolerance of the pest, or replacement of the plant with a non-susceptible plant when possible. Therefore, in these instances, insecticide use is not warranted. Insecticide use can be considered for pests that present significant risks to the long-term viability or essential function of important plant assets. They can also be considered for use in the case of insects that threaten the health and safety of citizens in which case response may need to be rapid and effective. The way these insecticides are chosen and employed must adhere to the careful pollinator stewardship practices detailed within this policy. B. Evaluate all IPM methods and materials If insect control interventions are determined to be required, all IPM approaches must first be evaluated for suitability. These include: 1. Planning/Design: Where feasible, eliminate the problematic plants and replace them with naturally resistant plants. If a plant is unsuitable for the conditions at a site, it may increase its susceptibility to a specific insect problem. The best long term IPM approach is to employ plants suited to the existing growing conditions. 2. Cultural: Cultural practices that either improve the growing conditions or are protective of the planting can be important elements in the management of some kinds of insects. 3. Physical: Various physical approaches such as the use of barriers are generally minimal in impact to non-targets and may offer adequate control of certain pests. 4. Biological: For certain insect pests, a reliance on biological controls may be possible. Where feasible, this can offer the ideal long-term solution to pest problems. Special attention to good Integrated Pest Management Plan 55 | P a g e stewardship of naturally occurring insect predators should be made. There are also instances where commercially reared insect predators can be released to combat a specific pest. 5. Natural and synthetically derived insecticides: Insecticides can be part of an IPM approach, but careful attention must be made in choice and use. In general, the least ecologically disruptive and lowest risk materials should be favored but the full complexity of IPM assessment rationale must be considered before choice and use. These considerations include but are not limited to: a. Potential safety and health risks of the product as it will be applied, both in the short and long term. b. Potential environmental risks, including risks to non-target organisms including bees and pollinators. c. Potential disruption of the landscape, garden, natural area, and urban forest ecosystems including impacts on natural insect predators. d. Individual insecticide characteristics such as toxicity, persistence, bioavailability, break down products, volatility, inert ingredients, and environmental movement. e. Differing application methods, such as injections, sprays, and drenches. f. Efficacy of the insecticide, and the need for repeated treatments. g. Feasibility of use to address a specific pest. h. PARD will not approve the use of neonicotinoid products or other insecticides used in such a way as to pose unacceptable risk to non-targeted bees or other pollinators. Integrated Pest Management Plan 56 | P a g e APPENDICES APPENDIX 1: Approved Pesticide List for City Property and Parks Use Following are lists of pesticides that are approved for use on City and park property. A comprehensive IPM approach allows for the choice of ideal materials for specific needs. IPM also anticipates the need to managing pest resistance with rotations of products with differing modes of action rather than relying on a “one material fits all” approach. Most of the pesticides are not used in a typical year or are used in a minimal way. It is also important to understand that pesticide applications are used after many other IPM strategies have first been either employed or considered. Most pest management practices never involve the use of pesticides. Similarly, a majority of land never receives any kind of pesticide application. Other IPM strategies the City employs include prevention of pests through strategy, design and selection, and management of pests through cultural practices, physical means, and mechanical methods. All pesticides available for use must first be placed upon an approved list after undergoing a review process that carefully examines the individual characteristics of the product and whether it would be an appropriate addition within our program. Issues of efficacy, public health and safety, potential environmental impacts, overall plant health requirements, land management needs, and other concerns are taken into account during this process. Applicators within a specific work unit must then make their choices of materials from their own approved list. Individual work units have different responsibilities and pest management requirements for the lands under their care. The individually tailored approved lists reflect these differences. The following lists of approved pesticide materials are specific to each work unit. Applicators must choose only from currently listed products. Only state licensed applicators may apply pesticides on City property. Use of pesticides by non-licensed personnel, such as, but not inclusive of, wasp spray and fire ant powder, may be used as an incidental application. Use of pesticides must occur under adherence to the Integrated Pest Management Plan and program policies and oversight. Pesticide use must adhere to all product label directions. Format: Active ingredient / concentrations / product trade name / signal word / description of purpose and use within IPM program. COD USE APPROVED LIST Areas of pest management: Pocket, neighborhood, community, and city parks. Open space / trails. Cemeteries. Landscaping. Facility turf lawns. Utility property. Right-of-ways. Integrated Pest Management Plan 57 | P a g e Active Ingredient(s) Concentration(s) Product Name Signal Word Description Herbicides Thiencarbazone- methyl, Iodosulfuron- methyl-sodium, Dicamba 8.7% / 1.9% / 57.4% Celsius WG Caution Safe and effective control of both a large list of broadleaves and many grassy weeds. This is our primary choice due to its effectiveness and safety level. Sulfosulfuron 75% Certainty Caution Controls many grassy weeds. It will be used primarily for nutsedge, both purple and yellow. Glufosinate ammonium 24.50% Cheetah Pro Caution Control of undesirable plant vegetation, including emerged annual and perennial grass, sedge and broadleaf weeds. Corn kernel, protein based nitrogen 9.8% / 60% Corn Gluten Meal N/A Pre-emergent to control broadleaf and grassy weeds Iron HEDTA (FeHEDTA) 26.52% Fiesta Caution Controls broadleaf weeds, disease, moss, algae, and lichens in turf through iron toxicity. Not for application in temperatures greater than 85. Integrated Pest Management Plan 58 | P a g e Fluazifop-P-butyl 24.50% Fusilade Caution Selective post emergent that controls unwanted perennial and annual grass weeds such as Bermuda grass without injuring desirable broadleaf plants; primarily used in landscape beds. Isoxaben 75% Gallery 75 DF Caution Used on shrub beds, tree circles, and other areas. Can be used in combination or rotation with oryzalin to broaden the spectrum of weeds prevented. Triclopyr: 3,5,6- trichloro-2- pyridinyloxyacetic acid, butoxyethyl ester 61.60% Garlon 4 Caution Selective products for woody, difficult to control perennials, also for invasives and habitat restoration. Halosulfuron-methyl 75% Halo 75 WDG Caution Selective pre and post emergent control of broadleaf weeds and nutsedge. Acetic Acid 10% Horticultural vinegar Post emergent used to control unwanted plants. Pendimethalin 2% Pendulum 2G Caution / Precaution Pre-emergent control of most annual grasses and certain broadleaf weeds as they germinate in any turfgrass site (lawns, sod, turf areas). Integrated Pest Management Plan 59 | P a g e Pendimethalin 37.40% Pendulum 3.3 EC Herbicide Caution / Precaution Pre-emergent control of most annual grasses and certain broadleaf weeds as they germinate in any turfgrass site (lawns, sod, turf areas). Prodiamine 40.70% Prodiamine 4L Caution Pre-emergent weed control, especially effective on Poa annua (annual bluegrass) in the fall and winter. Triclopyr 60.45% Remedy Ultra Caution Selective products for woody, difficult to control perennials, also for invasives and habitat restoration. Diquat dibromide 37.30% Reward Caution Non-selective herbicide that manages weed problems in aquatic, ground maintenance, and landscaping areas. Oxadiazon 34.10% Ronstar FLO Caution A pre-emergent for control of many annual grasses and broadleaf weeds such as crabgrass, goose grass, field sandbur, annual sedge and bluegrass. Oxadiazon 1.38% 5-0-15 w/Ronstar Caution Pre-emergent mixed with fertilizer. Halosulfuron-methyl methyl 3-chloro-5, -- methylpyrazole-4- carboxylate 75% / 25% Sedghammer Caution Nutsedge control. Integrated Pest Management Plan 60 | P a g e Trifluralin, isoxaben 2% / 0.5% Snapshot 2.5TG Caution Pre-emergent product for control of certain broadleaf weeds and annual grasses in shrub and groundcover areas as well as the mulch area of perennial beds. Flumioxazin 51% Sureguard Caution A pre-emergence and early post- emergence herbicide for control of selected grass and broadleaf weeds. Oryzalin 40.40% Surflan AS, WDG Caution / Precaution Used in shrub beds, tree circles, fence lines and other park areas for weed control. A primary liquid form pre- emergent product. Benefin, Oryzalin 1% / 1% Surflan XL 2G Caution / Precaution Used in shrub beds, tree circles, fence lines and other park areas for weed control. A primary liquid form pre- emergent product. Mesotrione 40% Tenacity Caution Selective contact and residual control of weeds in ornamental turfgrasses. Picloram 24.40% Tordon K Caution Used to control weeds, unwanted brush and trees e.g. Chinese privet. Integrated Pest Management Plan 61 | P a g e Thiencarbazone- methyl, Foramsulfuron, Halosulfuron-methyl 9.9% / 19.8% / 30.8% TributeTotal Caution A combination of Celsius, Sedghammer and Revolver; most effective in controlling dallisgrass in the fall. Dithiopyr 24% Dimension Warning Pre-emergent product with some post control of goose grass in the 2-3 leaf stage. Ammonium Nonanoate 40% Mirimichi Green Warning Control or burndown of weeds and grasses. Oxadiazon-3 2% Ronstar G Warning Used in shrub beds, tree circles, fence lines and other park areas for weed control. A primary liquid form pre- emergent product. Pelargonic acid, related fatty acids 57% / 3% Scythe Warning Minor use desiccant used for top-kill of early- stage, easily killed weeds. Indiaziflam 7.40% Specticle FLO Warning Pre-emergent weed control with the longest residual (up to 6 months) of any other pre- emergent herbicide Triclopyr, Clopyralid 33% / 12.1% Confront Danger Selective products for woody, difficult to control perennials, also for invasives and habitat restoration. Integrated Pest Management Plan 62 | P a g e Fungicides Streptomyces lydicus WYEC 108 0.04% Actinovate Caution A biological fungicide for the suppression of root rot and damping-off fungi and the suppression/contr ol of foliar fungal pathogens Thiabendazile hypophosphite 26.60% Arbotec 20-S Caution Trunk injection product for certain high value elms. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain D747 25% DoubleNickel 55 OMRI a broad- spectrum preventative biofungicide for control or suppression of fungal and bacterial plant diseases. Mefenoxam 22% Subdue Maxx Caution A turfgrass disease control for Pythium blight. Propiconazole 14.30% Alamo Warning Trunk injection product for certain high value elms. Etridiazole, Thiophanate-methyl 15% / 25% Banrot 40 WP Warning A broad spectrum fungicide that will control root and stem rot diseases caused by Rhizoctonia, Phytophthora, Pythium, Fusarium, and Thielaviopsis. Integrated Pest Management Plan 63 | P a g e Chlorothalonil 82.50% Daconil Danger Controls various fungal diseases including anthracnose, leaf spots, blights, and rots on many different species of plants. Insecticides Acephate 75% Acephate WSP Caution Acephate is reserved for use in the treatment of severe infestations of aphids, leaf miners, caterpillars, sawflies, thrips, and the individual treatment of red imported fire ant mounds. Indoxacarb 0.05% Advion Caution Fire ant bait. It’ll only effect the ants and eradicates them in 24-72 hours. It is an extremely safe product that protects patrons and pets from fire ants. Azadirachtin 3% Azatin XL Caution Neem tree extract used for insect growth regulating and anti-feeding effects. Typically not used, but retained for unusual, short term use where long term plant health is affected. Integrated Pest Management Plan 64 | P a g e Steinernema feltiae, Steinernema carpocapsae and Hete rorhabditis bacteriophora N/A Beneficial nematodes N/A Naturally occur in soil and are used to control soil pest insects and whenever larvae or grubs are present. Do not expose humans or animals to any health or environmental risks. Beneficial nematodes only attack soil dwelling insects and leave plants and earthworms alone. Bacillus thuringiensis Bt - asst'd (BTI Briquets) Caution Used to control mosquito and fly larva in standing water primarily ponds, streams, and around retainage / drainage areas. Product is usually in the form of a briquette. Spinosad 11.60% Conserve N/A Typically not used, but retained for unusual, short term use where long term plant health is affected. Deltamethrin 2% DeltaGard Caution Low dose granules to control ants, armyworms, centipedes, chiggers, chinchbugs, cockroaches, field and mole crickets, beetles, scorpions, spiders, and ticks. Integrated Pest Management Plan 65 | P a g e Deltamethrin 0.10% DeltaGard G Caution Low dose granules to control ants, armyworms, centipedes, chiggers, chinchbugs, cockroaches, field and mole crickets, beetles, scorpions, spiders, and ticks. Sugar, fiber, ash, protein, fat 42%/25%/ 14%/5%/ .3% Dry Molasses N/A Ant control. Tetramethrin, Permethrin, Piperonyl butoxide 0.1% / 0.25% / 0.5% Enforcer Caution Directed jet sprays used for individual wasp and hornet nest treatments posing health and safety threats to park users. Peppermint oil, sodium laurly sulfate 1.5% / .15% Essentria Wasp and Hornet Spray Caution Wasps, hornets, yellow jackets, and spiders (S)-Methoprene 0.50% Extinguish Caution Bait used to control imported and native fire ants. Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. galleriae, Strain SDS-502 fermentation solids, spores and insecticidal toxins 9% GrubGone Caution All season control of grubs. Petroleum based Horticultural Oils N/A (Sun Spray, Dormant Oil) - Primarily used as "dormant oils" applied before bud break in the spring to control pests on fruit and shade trees. Dormant oils are very effective against the eggs of certain mites, Integrated Pest Management Plan 66 | P a g e aphids, and scale insects that overwinter on fruit and shade trees. A new generation of more highly refined horticultural oils also known as” all seasons spray oils" or “summer oils” can be safely used on many plants during the growing season. Nosema Locustae 0.05% Nolo Bait N/A Controls grasshoppers. Lacewig flies Bio-control agent Lacewig flies N/A Feed on aphids. Imidacloprid 75% Lada 75WSP Caution Versatile insecticide registered to control over 50 insect pest including aphids, lacebugs, leaf beetles, and leafminers. Ladybugs Bio-control agent Ladybugs N/A Feed on aphids. Praying mantis Bio-control agent Praying mantis N/A Used to control beetles, flies, catepillars, wasps, and other insects Cinnamon oil, clove oil 40% / 10% Pure Gro Bug Stop N/A Mites, whiteflies, aphids, scales, trips, weevils, leafminers. Bifenthrin 7.90% Talstar Caution Termite, ant, bees, and wasp control. Integrated Pest Management Plan 67 | P a g e Fipronil 0.014% Top Choice Fire Ant Bait Caution Primary purpose is to control imported fire ants in turf grass and landscape beds. Mole crickets, fleas, ticks, and nuisence ants are controlled for a lilmited time. Cyfluthrin 11.80% Tempo SC Ultra Caution Used against flying pests such as wasps and yellow jackets, crawling pests like ants and centipedes, as well as various beetles and moths. Trichogramma Wasp Eggs Bio-control agent Trichogramma Wasp Eggs N/A Controls plant / leaf damaging caterpillars and worms. Emamectin benzoate 4% Tree-age Injectable Warning Used as a systemic trunk injection to treat emerald ash borers. Potassium salts of fatty acids 49% M-Pede Warning General soft body insect control. Typically not used, but retained for unusual, short term use where long term plant health is affected. Potassium salts of fatty acids 49.52% Safer Soap Warning General soft body insect control. Typically not used, but retained for unusual, short term use where long term plant health is affected. Integrated Pest Management Plan 68 | P a g e Miticides Bifenazate 22.60% Floramite SC Caution Miticide as part of a carefully implemented plan to keep mites at non- injurious levels. Typically not used, but retained for unusual, short term use where long term plant health is affected. Tau-fluvalinate 22.30% Mavrik Caution For control of various mites, worms, weevils, and beetles as well as whiteflies, ants, crickets, and chiggers. Abamectin 2% Avid Warning For control of leafminers and mites and suppression of aphids, whiteflies, and thrips on ornamental plants. Rodenticide Diphacinone 0.01% Bait Block Caution Used to control rodents such as mice and rats. Bromethalin, Diphacinone .01% / .005% Just 1 Bite Caution Used to control rodents such as mice and rats. Miscellaneous Water soluble blue dye Blue Spray Pattern Dye Caution Color dye used for application to all types of turfgrasses to make spray patterns visible. Integrated Pest Management Plan 69 | P a g e Ethylated seed oil; polyoxyalkylene fatty ester 100% Hasten EA adjuvant None Surfactant used in solutions to enhance spray coverage and increase efficacy. 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3- Propanetricarboxylic Acid, Calcium Chloride 25% / 9% Tri-Fol Acidifier and Buffering Agent Caution OMRI Organic acidulate and buffering agent for lowering the pH of spray water. Blue colorant, proprietary proportions Turf Trax Blue Dye Caution Color dye used for application to all types of turfgrasses to make spray patterns visible. Trinexapac-ethyl 11.30% Primo Maxx PGR Caution For managing growth, improving quality and stress tolerance, and edging of warm and cool season turfgrasses. Alkylphenol ethoxylate, alcohol ethoxylate and tall oil fatty acid 90% Activator 90 Warning Low-foaming, non-ionic type spreader adjuvant. Provides quick wetting, more uniform distribution, and increases retention of spray by reducing surface tension on the spray droplets. Polyether- Polymethylsiloxane- Copolymer and Polyether 100% Syl-Coat Warning OMRI Nonionic silicone surfactant specifically designed to enhance the efficacy of pesticides. Particularly effective when used with water- Integrated Pest Management Plan 70 | P a g e soluble and post emergent herbicides by completely wetting leaf surface and increasing amount/rate of uptake. Most evident on broadleaf and woody brush species. Alkylarylpolyethoxyet hanol, free fatty acids 93% Tradition 93 Non- Ionic Surfactant Warning A wetting agent that helps soils to quickly and evenly absorb water by breaking the water’s surface tension, allowing water molecules to spread for greater and faster water penetration. As a wetting agent, nonionic surfactants are often mixed in with potting media to ensure easy water absorption into plant soil. Integrated Pest Management Plan 71 | P a g e Dimethylpolysiloxane, Methylated silicon 7.7% / 2.3% Fast Break Antifoamer / Defoamer Warning Used to provide effective, high performance foam control at very low concentrations under normal foaming situations in recirculating sprayers and in other high agitation equipment. Polyethylene glycol mono ether 90% R-11 Warning Specially formulated for increasing the efficacy of various agricultural chemicals. Designed for use where quick wetting and uniform coverage of a chemical on a target surface is required. Silicic acid, sodium salt, sodium carbonate, silicon dioxide, proprietary compounds, polyethoxylate Neutralize Tank Cleaner Danger A cleaning and rinsing agent used to remove pesticide residues from spray equipment. Proper cleaning of equipment helps to reduce exposure to products, avoid cross contamination of incompatible products, and prevents damage to rubber, plastic, and other soft sprayer parts. Integrated Pest Management Plan 72 | P a g e APPENDIX 2: Athletic Field Services Approved List Areas of pest management: Athletic fields such as softball, basebal l, football, and soccer fields. Active Ingredient(s) Concentration(s) Product Name Signal Word Description Herbicides Thiencarbazone- methyl, Iodosulfuron- methyl-sodium, Dicamba 8.7% / 1.9% / 57.4% Celsius WG Caution Safe and effective control of both a large list of broadleaves and many grassy weeds. This is our primary choice due to its effectiveness and safety level. Sulfosulfuron 75% Certainty Caution Controls many grassy weeds. It will be used primarily for nutsedge, both purple and yellow. Glufosinate ammonium 24.50% Cheetah Pro Caution Control of undesirable plant vegetation, including emerged annual and perennial grass, sedge and broadleaf weeds. Corn kernel, protein based nitrogen 9.8% / 60% Corn Gluten Meal N/A Pre-emergent to control broadleaf and grassy weeds Iron HEDTA (FeHEDTA) 26.52% Fiesta Caution Controls broadleaf weeds, disease, moss, algae, and lichens in turf through iron toxicity. Not for application in temperatures greater than 85. Integrated Pest Management Plan 73 | P a g e Fluazifop-P-butyl 24.50% Fusilade Caution Selective post emergent that controls unwanted perennial and annual grass weeds such as Bermuda grass without injuring desirable broadleaf plants; primarily used in landscape beds. Isoxaben 75% Gallery 75 DF Caution Used on shrub beds, tree circles, and other areas. Can be used in combination or rotation with oryzalin to broaden the spectrum of weeds prevented. Triclopyr: 3,5,6- trichloro-2- pyridinyloxyacetic acid, butoxyethyl ester 61.60% Garlon 4 Caution Selective products for woody, difficult to control perennials, also for invasives and habitat restoration. Halosulfuron-methyl 75% Halo 75 WDG Caution Selective pre and post emergent control of broadleaf weeds and nutsedge. Acetic Acid 10% Horticultural vinegar Post emergent used to control unwanted plants. Pendimethalin 2% Pendulum 2G Caution / Precaution Pre-emergent control of most annual grasses and certain broadleaf weeds as they germinate in any turfgrass site (lawns, sod, turf areas). Integrated Pest Management Plan 74 | P a g e Pendimethalin 37.40% Pendulum 3.3 EC Herbicide Caution / Precaution Pre-emergent control of most annual grasses and certain broadleaf weeds as they germinate in any turfgrass site (lawns, sod, turf areas). Prodiamine 40.70% Prodiamine 4L Caution Pre-emergent weed control, especially effective on Poa annua (annual bluegrass) in the fall and winter. Diquat dibromide 37.30% Reward Caution Non-selective herbicide that manages weed problems in aquatic, ground maintenance, and landscaping areas. Oxadiazon 34.10% Ronstar FLO Caution A pre-emergent for control of many annual grasses and broadleaf weeds such as crabgrass, goose grass, field sandbur, annual sedge and bluegrass. Oxadiazon 1.38% 5-0-15 w/Ronstar Caution Pre-emergent mixed with fertilizer. Halosulfuron-methyl methyl 3-chloro-5, -- methylpyrazole-4- carboxylate 75% / 25% Sedghammer Caution Nutsedge control. Integrated Pest Management Plan 75 | P a g e Trifluralin, isoxaben 2% / 0.5% Snapshot 2.5TG Caution Pre-emergent product for control of certain broadleaf weeds and annual grasses in shrub and groundcover areas as well as the mulch area of perennial beds. Flumioxazin 51% Sureguard Caution A pre-emergence and early post- emergence herbicide for control of selected grass and broadleaf weeds. Oryzalin 40.40% Surflan AS, WDG Caution / Precaution Used in shrub beds, tree circles, fence lines and other park areas for weed control. A primary liquid form pre- emergent product. Benefin, Oryzalin 1% / 1% Surflan XL 2G Caution / Precaution Used in shrub beds, tree circles, fence lines and other park areas for weed control. A primary liquid form pre- emergent product. Mesotrione 40% Tenacity Caution Selective contact and residual control of weeds in ornamental turfgrasses. Integrated Pest Management Plan 76 | P a g e Thiencarbazone- methyl, Foramsulfuron, Halosulfuron-methyl 9.9% / 19.8% / 30.8% TributeTotal Caution A combination of Celsius, Sedghammer and Revolver; most effective in controlling dallisgrass in the fall. Dithiopyr 24% Dimension Warning Pre-emergent product with some post control of goose grass in the 2-3 leaf stage. Ammonium Nonanoate 40% Mirimichi Green Warning Control or burndown of weeds and grasses. Oxadiazon-3 2% Ronstar G Warning Used in shrub beds, tree circles, fence lines and other park areas for weed control. A primary liquid form pre- emergent product. Pelargonic acid, related fatty acids 57% / 3% Scythe Warning Minor use desiccant used for top-kill of early- stage, easily killed weeds. Indiaziflam 7.40% Specticle FLO Warning Pre-emergent weed control with the longest residual (up to 6 months) of any other pre- emergent herbicide Triclopyr, Clopyralid 33% / 12.1% Confront Danger Selective products for woody, difficult to control perennials, also for invasives and habitat restoration. Integrated Pest Management Plan 77 | P a g e Fungicides Streptomyces lydicus WYEC 108 0.04% Actinovate Caution A biological fungicide for the suppression of root rot and damping-off fungi and the suppression/contr ol of foliar fungal pathogens Thiabendazile hypophosphite 26.60% Arbotec 20-S Caution Trunk injection product for certain high value elms. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain D747 25% DoubleNickel 55 OMRI a broad- spectrum preventative biofungicide for control or suppression of fungal and bacterial plant diseases. Mefenoxam 22% Subdue Maxx Caution A turfgrass disease control for Pythium blight. Propiconazole 14.30% Alamo Warning Trunk injection product for certain high value elms. Etridiazole, Thiophanate-methyl 15% / 25% Banrot 40 WP Warning A broad spectrum fungicide that will control root and stem rot diseases caused by Rhizoctonia, Phytophthora, Pythium, Fusarium, and Thielaviopsis. Integrated Pest Management Plan 78 | P a g e Chlorothalonil 82.50% Daconil Danger Controls various fungal diseases including anthracnose, leaf spots, blights, and rots on many different species of plants. Insecticides Acephate 75% Acephate WSP Caution Acephate is reserved for use in the treatment of severe infestations of aphids, leaf miners, caterpillars, sawflies, thrips, and the individual treatment of red imported fire ant mounds. Indoxacarb 0.05% Advion Caution Fire ant bait. It’ll only effect the ants and eradicates them in 24-72 hours. It is an extremely safe product that protects patrons and pets from fire ants. Azadirachtin 3% Azatin XL Caution Neem tree extract used for insect growth regulating and anti-feeding effects. Typically not used, but retained for unusual, short term use where long term plant health is affected. Integrated Pest Management Plan 79 | P a g e Steinernema feltiae, Steinernema carpocapsae and Hete rorhabditis bacteriophora N/A Beneficial nematodes N/A Naturally occur in soil and are used to control soil pest insects and whenever larvae or grubs are present. Do not expose humans or animals to any health or environmental risks. Beneficial nematodes only attack soil dwelling insects and leave plants and earthworms alone. Bacillus thuringiensis 10.31% Bt - asst'd (BTI Briquets) Caution Used to control mosquito and fly larva in standing water primarily ponds, streams, and around retainage / drainage areas. Product is usually in the form of a briquette. Spinosad 11.60% Conserve Typically not used, but retained for unusual, short term use where long term plant health is affected. Deltamethrin 2% DeltaGard Caution Low dose granules to control ants, armyworms, centipedes, chiggers, chinchbugs, cockroaches, field and mole crickets, beetles, scorpions, spiders, and ticks. Integrated Pest Management Plan 80 | P a g e Deltamethrin 0.10% DeltaGard G Caution Low dose granules to control ants, armyworms, centipedes, chiggers, chinchbugs, cockroaches, field and mole crickets, beetles, scorpions, spiders, and ticks. Sugar, fiber, ash, protein, fat 42%/25%/14%/5% /.3% Dry Molasses N/A Ant control. Tetramethrin, Permethrin, Piperonyl butoxide 0.1% / 0.25% / 0.5% Enforcer Caution Directed jet sprays used for individual wasp and hornet nest treatments posing health and safety threats to park users. Peppermint oil, sodium laurly sulfate 1.5% / .15% Essentria Wasp and Hornet Spray Caution Wasps, hornets, yellow jackets, and spiders (S)-Methoprene 0.50% Extinguish Caution Bait used to control imported and native fire ants. Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. galleriae, Strain SDS-502 fermentation solids, spores and insecticidal toxins 9.00% GrubGone Caution All season control of grubs. Petroleum based Horticultural Oils (Sun Spray, Dormant Oil) - Primarily used as "dormant oils" applied before bud break in the spring to control pests on fruit and shade trees. Dormant oils are very effective against the eggs of certain mites, aphids, and scale insects that overwinter on Integrated Pest Management Plan 81 | P a g e fruit and shade trees. A new generation of more highly refined horticultural oils also known as” all seasons spray oils" or “summer oils” can be safely used on many plants during the growing season. Nosema Locustae 0.05% Nolo Bait N/A Controls grasshoppers. Lacewig flies Bio-control agent Lacewig flies N/A Feed on aphids. Imidacloprid 75% Lada 75WSP Caution Versatile insecticide registered to control over 50 insect pest including aphids, lacebugs, leaf beetles, and leafminers. Ladybugs Bio-control agent Ladybugs N/A Feed on aphids. Praying mantis Bio-control agent Praying mantis N/A Used to control beetles, flies, catepillars, wasps, and other insects Cinnamon oil, clove oil 40% / 10% Pure Gro Bug Stop N/A Mites, whiteflies, aphids, scales, trips, weevils, leafminers. Bifenthrin 7.90% Talstar Caution Termite, ant, bees, and wasp control. Fipronil 0.014% Top Choice Fire Ant Bait Caution Primary purpose is to control imported fire ants in turf grass and landscape beds. Mole crickets, fleas, ticks, and nuisence ants are controlled for a lilmited time. Integrated Pest Management Plan 82 | P a g e Cyfluthrin 11.80% Tempo SC Ultra Caution Used against flying pests such as wasps and yellow jackets, crawling pests like ants and centipedes, as well as various beetles and moths. Potassium salts of fatty acids 49% M-Pede Warning General soft body insect control. Typically not used, but retained for unusual, short term use where long term plant health is affected. Potassium salts of fatty acids 49.52% Safer Soap Warning OMRI General soft body insect control. Retained for short term use where long term plant health is affected. Miscellaneous Water soluble blue dye Blue Spray Pattern Dye Caution Color dye used for application to all types of turfgrasses to make spray patterns visible. Ethylated seed oil; polyoxyalkylene fatty ester 100% Hasten EA adjuvant None Surfactant used in solutions to enhance spray coverage and increase efficacy. 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3- Propanetricarboxylic Acid, Calcium Chloride 25% / 9% Tri-Fol Acidifier and Buffering Agent Caution OMRI Organic acidulate and buffering agent for lowering the pH of spray water. Blue colorant, proprietary proportions Turf Trax Blue Dye Caution Color dye used for application to all types of turfgrasses to make spray patterns visible. Integrated Pest Management Plan 83 | P a g e Trinexapac-ethyl 11.30% Primo Maxx PGR Caution For managing growth, improving quality and stress tolerance, and edging of warm and cool season turfgrasses. Alkylphenol ethoxylate, alcohol ethoxylate and tall oil fatty acid 90% Activator 90 Warning Low-foaming, non-ionic type spreader adjuvant. Provides quick wetting, more uniform distribution, and increases retention of spray by reducing surface tension on the spray droplets. Polyether- Polymethylsiloxane- Copolymer and Polyether 100% Syl-Coat Warning OMRI Nonionic silicone surfactant specifically designed to enhance the efficacy of pesticides. Particularly effective when used with water- soluble and post emergent herbicides by completely wetting leaf surface and increasing amount/rate of uptake. Most evident on broadleaf and woody brush species. Integrated Pest Management Plan 84 | P a g e Alkylarylpolyethoxyeth anol, free fatty acids 93% Tradition 93 Non-Ionic Surfactant Warning A wetting agent that helps soils to quickly and evenly absorb water by breaking the water’s surface tension, allowing water molecules to spread for greater and faster water penetration. As a wetting agent, nonionic surfactants are often mixed in with potting media to ensure easy water absorption into plant soil. Dimethylpolysiloxane, Methylated silicon 7.7% / 2.3% Fast Break Antifoamer / Defoamer Warning Used to provide effective, high performance foam control at very low concentrations under normal foaming situations in recirculating sprayers and in other high agitation equipment. Polyethylene glycol mono ether 90% R-11 Warning Silicic acid, sodium salt, sodium carbonate, silicon dioxide, proprietary compounds, polyethoxylate Neutralize Tank Cleaner Danger A cleaning and rinsing agent used to remove pesticide residues from spray equipment. Proper cleaning of equipment helps to reduce exposure to products, avoid cross contamination of Integrated Pest Management Plan 85 | P a g e incompatible products, and prevents damage to rubber, plastic, and other soft sprayer parts. Integrated Pest Management Plan 86 | P a g e APPENDIX 3: City Urban Forestry Approved List Areas of pest management: trees on streets, parks, other city property, and UF nursery operations. Active Ingredient(s) Concentration(s) Product Name Signal Word Description Herbicides Picloram 24.40% Tordon K Caution Used to control weeds, unwanted brush and trees e.g. Chinese privet. Fungicides Streptomyces lydicus WYEC 108 0.04% Actinovate Caution A biological fungicide for the suppression of root rot and damping-off fungi and the suppression/contr ol of foliar fungal pathogens Thiabendazile hypophosphite 26.60% Arbotec 20-S Caution Trunk injection product for certain high value elms. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain D747 25% DoubleNickel 55 OMRI a broad- spectrum preventative biofungicide for control or suppression of fungal and bacterial plant diseases. Propiconazole 14.30% Alamo Warning Trunk injection product for certain high value elms. Integrated Pest Management Plan 87 | P a g e Etridiazole, Thiophanate- methyl 15% / 25% Banrot 40 WP Warning A broad spectrum fungicide that will control root and stem rot diseases caused by Rhizoctonia, Phytophthora, Pythium, Fusarium, and Thielaviopsis. Chlorothalonil 82.50% Daconil Danger Controls various fungal diseases including anthracnose, leaf spots, blights, and rots on many different species of plants. Insecticides Acephate 75% Acephate WSP Caution Acephate is reserved for use in the treatment of severe infestations of aphids, leaf miners, caterpillars, sawflies, thrips, and the individual treatment of red imported fire ant mounds. Azadirachtin 3% Azatin XL Caution Neem tree extract used for insect growth regulating and anti-feeding effects. Typically not used, but retained for unusual, short term use where long term plant health is affected. Integrated Pest Management Plan 88 | P a g e Steinernema feltiae, Steinerne ma carpocapsae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora N/A Beneficial nematodes N/A Naturally occur in soil and are used to control soil pest insects and whenever larvae or grubs are present. Do not expose humans or animals to any health or environmental risks. Beneficial nematodes only attack soil dwelling insects and leave plants and earthworms alone. Spinosad 11.60% Conserve Typically not used, but retained for unusual, short term use where long term plant health is affected. Petroleum based Horticultural Oils (Sun Spray, Dormant Oil) - Spray oils primarily used as "dormant oils" applied before bud break in the spring to control pests on fruit and shade trees. Dormant oils are very effective against the eggs of certain mites, aphids, and scale insects that overwinter on fruit and shade trees. A new generation of more highly refined horticultural oils also known as” all Integrated Pest Management Plan 89 | P a g e seasons spray oils" or “summer oils” can be safely used on many plants during the growing season. Lacewig flies Bio-control agent Lacewig flies N/A Feed on aphids. Imidacloprid 75% Lada 75WSP Caution Versatile insecticide registered to control over 50 insect pest including aphids, lacebugs, leaf beetles, and leafminers. Ladybugs Bio-control agent Ladybugs N/A Feed on aphids. Praying mantis Bio-control agent Praying mantis N/A Used to control beetles, flies, catepillars, wasps, and other insects Cinnamon oil, clove oil 40% / 10% Pure Gro Bug Stop N/A Mites, whiteflies, aphids, scales, trips, weevils, leafminers. Cyfluthrin 11.80% Tempo SC Ultra Caution Used against flying pests such as wasps and yellow jackets, crawling pests like ants and centipedes, as well as various beetles and moths. Trichogramma Wasp Eggs Bio-control agent Trichogramma Wasp Eggs N/A Controls plant / leaf damaging caterpillars and worms. Emamectin benzoate 4% Tree-age Injectable Warning Used as a systemic trunk injection to treat emerald ash borers. Integrated Pest Management Plan 90 | P a g e Potassium salts of fatty acids 49% M-Pede Warning General soft body insect control. Typically not used, but retained for unusual, short term use where long term plant health is affected. Potassium salts of fatty acids 49.52% Safer Soap Warning OMRI General soft body insect control. Typically not used, but retained for unusual, short term use where long term plant health is affected. Miticides Bifenazate 22.60% Floramite SC Caution Miticide as part of a carefully implemented plan to keep mites at non- injurious levels. Typically not used, but retained for unusual, short term use where long term plant health is affected. Tau-fluvalinate 22.30% Mavrik Caution For control of various mites, worms, weevils, and beetles as well as whiteflies, ants, crickets, and chiggers. Abamectin 2% Avid Warning For control of leafminers and mites and suppression of aphids, whiteflies, and thrips on ornamental plants. Integrated Pest Management Plan 91 | P a g e Miscellaneous Ethylated seed oil; polyoxyalkylene fatty ester 100% Hasten EA adjuvant None Surfactant used in solutions to enhance spray coverage and increase efficacy. 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3- Propanetricarbox ylic Acid, Calcium Chloride 25% / 9% Tri-Fol Acidifier and Buffering Agent Caution OMRI Organic acidulate and buffering agent for lowering the pH of spray water. Alkylphenol ethoxylate, alcohol ethoxylate and tall oil fatty acid 90% Activator 90 Warning Polyether- Polymethylsiloxan e-Copolymer and Polyether 100% Syl-Coat Warning OMRI Nonionic silicone surfactant specifically designed to enhance the efficacy of pesticides. Particularly effective when used with water- soluble and post emergent herbicides by completely wetting leaf surface and increasing amount/rate of uptake. Most evident on broadleaf and woody brush species. Dimethylpolysilox ane, Methylated silicon 7.7% / 2.3% Fast Break Antifoamer / Defoamer Warning Used to provide effective, high performance foam control at very low concentrations under normal foaming Integrated Pest Management Plan 92 | P a g e situations in recirculating sprayers and in other high agitation equipment. Polyethylene glycol mono ether 90% R-11 Warning Specially formulated for increasing the efficacy of various agricultural chemicals. Designed for use where quick wetting and uniform coverage of a chemical on a target surface is required. Silicic acid, sodium salt, sodium carbonate, silicon dioxide, proprietary compounds, polyethoxylate Neutralize Tank Cleaner Danger A cleaning and rinsing agent used to remove pesticide residues from spray equipment. Proper cleaning of equipment helps to reduce exposure to products, avoid cross contamination of incompatible products, and prevents damage to rubber, plastic, and other soft sprayer parts. Integrated Pest Management Plan 93 | P a g e APPENDIX 4: Natural Areas Approved List Areas of pest management: natural area parks, designated preservation areas, undeveloped City property. Herbicides are only used in natural areas along soft surface trails, generally 12 inches on each side, to prevent vegetation encroachment. Trails surfaces must be maintained for the safety of trail users and to allow access to maintenance and public safety vehicles. Hard surface trails are maintained primarily by mechanical means such as edging. Herbicides may also be used in natural areas in response to a maintenance or safety concern/complaint. In these cases, all available natural, manually, and mechanical means will be explored first. The least toxic herbicide will be used to address the pest. Active Ingredient(s) / concentrations Concentration(s) Product Name Signal Word Description Herbicides Glufosinate ammonium 24.50% Cheetah Pro Caution Control of undesirable plant vegetation, including emerged annual and perennial grass, sedge and broadleaf weeds. Iron HEDTA (FeHEDTA) 26.52% Fiesta Caution Controls broadleaf weeds, disease, moss, algae, and lichens in turf through iron toxicity. Not for application in temperatures greater than 85. Triclopyr: 3,5,6- trichloro-2- pyridinyloxyacetic acid, butoxyethyl ester 61.60% Garlon 4 Caution Selective products for woody, difficult to control perennials, also for invasives and habitat restoration. Acetic Acid 10.00% Horticultural vinegar Post emergent used to control unwanted plants. Triclopyr 60.45% Remedy Ultra Caution Selective products for woody, difficult to control perennials, also for invasives and habitat restoration. Integrated Pest Management Plan 94 | P a g e Diquat dibromide 37.30% Reward Caution Non-selective herbicide that manages weed problems in aquatic, ground maintenance, and landscaping areas. Picloram 24.40% Tordon K Caution Used to control weeds, unwanted brush and trees e.g. Chinese privet. Alkylphenol ethoxylate, alcohol ethoxylate and tall oil fatty acid/Constituents Activator 90 Warning Surfactant used in solutions to enhance spray coverage and increase efficacy. Ammonium Nonanoate 40.00% Mirimichi Green Warning Control or burndown of weeds and grasses. Pelargonic acid, related fatty acids 57% / 3% Scythe Warning Minor use desiccant used for top-kill of early-stage, easily killed weeds. Insecticides Acephate 75% Acephate WSP Caution Acephate is reserved for use in the treatment of severe infestations of aphids, leaf miners, caterpillars, sawflies, thrips, and the individual treatment of red imported fire ant mounds. Bacillus thuringiensis 10.31% Bt - asst'd (BTI Briquets) Caution Used to control mosquito and fly larva in standing water primarily ponds, streams, and around retainage / drainage areas. Product is usually in the form of a briquette. Sugar, fiber, ash, protein, fat 42%/25%/14%/5% /.3% Dry Molasses N/A Ant control. Integrated Pest Management Plan 95 | P a g e Tetramethrin, Permethrin, Piperonyl butoxide 0.1% / 0.25% / 0.5% Enforcer Caution Directed jet sprays used for individual wasp and hornet nest treatments posing health and safety threats to park users. Peppermint oil, sodium laurly sulfate 1.5% / .15% Essentria Wasp and Hornet Spray Caution Wasps, hornets, yellow jackets, and spiders Petroleum based Horticultural Oils (Sun Spray, Dormant Oil) - Spray oils primarily used as "dormant oils" applied before bud break in the spring to control pests on fruit and shade trees. Dormant oils are very effective against the eggs of certain mites, aphids, and scale insects that overwinter on fruit and shade trees. A new generation of more highly refined horticultural oils also known as” all seasons spray oils" or “summer oils” can be safely used on many plants during the growing season. Integrated Pest Management Plan 96 | P a g e APPENDIX 5: Maintenance Schedule and Pest Management Methods City of Denton CLASSIFICATION PLAN TURFGRASS MAINTENANCE MAINTENANCE TASK Class AA Class A Class B Class C Class D Mow, edge, and trim 2 times per week Mow at 1.5 – 2”, clippings not collected 36 mowing cycles per year every 7 days at 2.5-3”, clippings not collected. Leaves are shredded and returned to soil. 32 cycles per year every 7 days through the growing season. Mow at 2.5 – 3”, clippings not collected leaves are shredded and returned to soil. 5-7 mowing cycles. Mow at 4-6” clippings not collected. Leaves are shredded and returned to soil. As needed to maintain an identified particular natural state or within City code Fertilization 4-5 lbs of Nitrogen per 1000 sf per year 3 lbs Nitrogen per 1000 sf per year in 2 applications – In conjunction with Athletic field fertilization 3 lbs Nitrogen per 1000 sf per year in 2 applications – In conjunction with Athletic field fertilization None None Irrigation Minimum of 1” per week, repairs w/in 24 hours. Potential increase watering due to drought or ryegrass transition. Deep watering cycles recommended Approximate 1” per week, repairs within 48 hours. As needed or immediately after fertilization –Water Truck None None Aerification 5 times per year in conjunction with fertilizer applications As needed As needed None None Over-seed/sod Over-seed Ryegrass on athletic fields Oct. 1 Sod during field renovations Overseed all bare areas in turfgrass once during growing season. As needed None None Leaf Removal Mow & mulch Mow & mulch Mow & Mulch None None Integrated Pest Management Plan 97 | P a g e Pesticide Management: - Herbicide - Insecticide - Fungicide - Rodentcide January, February, March Pre-emergent for summer grassy weeds. (Oxidiazon) Non selective herbicide on infield skinned surfaces and transition areas during the growing season Spot treat broadleaf and/or grassy weed infestations during from March until December May and August - Broadcast treatment for fire ants with Advion, Extinguish, or Award II, 1lb per acre. Spot treat for fire ants during the warm season. April - September Monitor and treat for pest infestations such as Grub Worms, Army Worms and other pesticides detrimental to plant health or public safety. January, February, March Non-selective herbicide on dormant Bermuda Pre-emergent for summer grassy weeds (Barricade Dimension, Specticle, or Pendimethalin May and August - Broadcast treatment for fire ants with Advion, Extinguish, or Award II, 1lb per acre. Spot treat for fire ants during the warm season April – September Monitor and treat pest infestations such as Grub Worms, Army Worms and other pests that detrimental to plant health or public safety. August and September Pre-emergent for winter weeds by October 1. January, February, March Non-selective herbicide on dormant Bermuda Pre-emergent for summer grassy weeds (Barricade Dimension, Specticle, or Pendimethalin May and August - Broadcast treatment for fire ants with Advion, Extinguish, or Award II, 1lb per acre. Spot treat for fire ants during the warm season April – September As need, dependent on location, pest and amount of infestation August and September Pre-emergent for winter weeds by October 1. As needed to maintain an identified particular natural state or within City code. As needed to maintain an identified particular natural state or within City code. Integrated Pest Management Plan 98 | P a g e Fertilizer & Aerification Program February 15-0-5 with pre- emergent for control of summer weeds March A single application of fertilizer should take place. 1 lb of N per 1000sf. Aerification of turf should be done just prior to application of fertilizer May A single application of slow release fertilizer should take place Aerification of turf should be done just prior to application of fertilizer. July A single application of fertilizer should take place Aerification of turf should be done just prior to application of fertilizer. August, September A single application of slow release fertilizer should take place Aerification of turf should be done just prior to application of fertilizer. April, May, June A single application of fertilizer should take place by mid- May. It should be applied at 1 pound of N per 1000 sf. Aerification of turf should be done just prior to application of fertilizer. July, August, September One application of fertilizer should take place during this period in mid- July. It should be applied at 1 pound of N per 1000 sf. Aerification of turf should be done just prior to application of fertilizer. Treat as needed to prevent loss of turf None None Integrated Pest Management Plan 99 | P a g e Action Threshold Practice physical and mechanical controls that promote good turf health practices, such as over- seeding, topdressing, aeration, etc. Other measures will be taken prior to infestations to prevent degradation of the aesthetics, to eliminate rapidly declining plant health, to eliminate negative impacts on athletic programs and/or a threat to the public (wasps, mosquitos, etc.) Chemical control such as spot treatments will be used when infestation presents negative environmental impacts, negative effects on infrastructure and assets, intolerable aesthetic impacts and is widespread, invasive, and affects the health and safety of the environment. In some cases, pests can be tolerated and are only considered a nuisance. Measures may be taken when infestations are present and are detrimental to plant health and a threat to the public’s safety. Physical / mechanical means will be used first in controlling pests. Chemical control such as spot treatments will be used when infestation presents negative environmental impacts, negative effects on infrastructure and assets, intolerable aesthetic impacts and is widespread, invasive, and affects the health and safety of the environment. This primarily impacts active areas such as playgrounds, hard surface trails, and around public buildings. In some cases, pests can be tolerated and are only considered a nuisance. Vegetation is critical for stream stabilization and is tolerated in specific locations. Measures may be taken when infestations are present and are detrimental to plant health and a threat to the public’s safety. Physical / mechanical means will be used first in controlling pests. Chemical control such as spot treatments will be used when infestation is widespread, invasive, presents negative effects on infrastructure, and affects the health and safety of the environment. This primarily impacts active areas such as playgrounds, hard surface trails, and around public buildings. As needed to maintain an identified particular natural state or within City code. Measures will be taken for vegetation encroachment on soft surface trails. Integrated Pest Management Plan 100 | P a g e City of Denton CLASSIFICATION PLAN TREE / SHRUB MAINTENANCE MAINTENANCE TASK Class A Class B Class C Class D Tree Trimming Remove low limbs as needed for safety & equipment access. Only hazardous limbs as needed. Only hazardous limbs as needed. Only hazardous limbs as needed. Shrub Trimming Complete trim 5-7 times per year. Complete trim 5 times per year. Not performed Not performed Pesticide Program. As needed to prevent loss of plant material. As needed to prevent loss of plant material. Not performed Not performed Fertilization 2 times/year Not performed Not performed Not performed Stump Removal As needed when higher priority projects are completed. As needed during winter. As needed during winter. Only hazardous trees as needed, others maintained for wildlife habitat. Action Threshold Choosing proper plant material and practicing proper planting methods, fertilizing, mulching, etc. Other measures will be taken prior to infestations to prevent degradation of the aesthetics, rapidly declining plants, and/or hazardous situations to the public (wasps, mosquitos, etc.) In some cases pests can be tolerated and is only considered a nuisance pest. Other measures will be taken prior to infestations to prevent degradation of the aesthetics, rapidly declining plants, and/or hazardous situations to the public (wasps, mosquitos, etc.) As needed to maintain an identified natural state or within City code. None Invasive woody species such as Running Bamboo Phyllostachys aurea, Privet Ligustrum sinense, and Nandina Nandina deomestica will be controlled when staff determines that the species impedes visibility within parks and poses a threat to the safety and welfare of park users and service workers. Invasive species may be removed in an effort to reclaim parkland for active use such as open fields, playgrounds, picnic areas, and trails. It may also be removed in efforts to improve the environmental quality and encourage the establishment of native plant species. Integrated Pest Management Plan 101 | P a g e City of Denton CLASSIFICATION PLAN FLOWERBED/PLANTING MAINTENANCE MAINTENANCE TASK Class AA & A Class B Class C Class D Planting/Bed Preparation 2 changes per year, when color is present. Not performed Not performed Not performed Fertilization At planting; Bi- monthly after planting when color is present Not performed Not performed Not performed Cultivation 2 times per year for color change outs Not performed Not performed Not performed Mulch Apply every 18 months or as needed (not in color beds) Apply every 18 months or as needed Not performed Not performed Pest Management Treat as needed to prevent loss of plant and degradation of appearance. Treat as needed to prevent loss of plant material. Not performed Not performed Action Threshold Choosing proper plant material and practicing proper planting methods, fertilizing, mulching, etc. Other measures will be taken prior to infestations to prevent degradation of the aesthetics, rapidly declining plants, and/or hazardous situations to the public (wasps, mosquitos, etc.) Choosing proper plant material and practicing proper planting methods, fertilizing, mulching, etc. Other measures will be taken prior to infestations to prevent degradation of the aesthetics, rapidly declining plants, and/or hazardous situations to the public (wasps, mosquitos, etc.) Not Applicable Not Applicable Integrated Pest Management Plan 102 | P a g e Park Facility and Asset Maintenance – The following maintenance plan and schedule has minimal pesticide programing but is an integral component to a proactive approach in the prevention and reduction of insect and rodent pests. Proper maintenance helps to eliminates favorable environments for pests through cleanliness and inspections help in early detection / identification of pests prior to infestations reaching threshold levels. City of Denton CLASSIFICATION PLAN LITTER MANAGEMENT MAINTENANCE TASK Class A Class B Class C Class D Pick up ground trash & litter; empty receptacles Pick up trash and litter 5 days per week. All year Weekend trash route at more populated parks Pick up trash, litter and other debris twice per week from April through October. From November through March, pick up trash in all conspicuous park areas once per week. All year Weekend trash route at more populated parks Pick up trash, litter and debris from all conspicuous park areas weekly from April through October, monthly from November through March. Remove illegal dumping as needed. Integrated Pest Management Plan 103 | P a g e City of Denton CLASSIFICATION PLAN ROAD & PARKING LOT MAINTENANCE MAINTENANCE TASK Paved Lots Unpaved Lots Inspect Weekly Weekly Repair As needed depending upon severity. As needed depending upon severity. Sweep 2 times/year or as needed Edge Per mowing schedule Per mowing schedule Weed Management Apply pre-and post- emergent herbicides as needed to control unwanted vegetation growing in expansion cracks. Apply post-emergent herbicides three times per year. Crack Fill As needed Seal Coat/Overlay As needed Grade As needed Clean culverts and drain pipes Monthly or as needed Quarterly or as needed Striping/marking and wheel stops Repaint every 2 years City of Denton Parks and Recreation Department PARK CLASSIFICATION PLAN PLAYGROUND MAINTENANCE MAINTENANCE TASK Class A & B Initial Audit High frequency inspections Low Frequency inspections New Installation Weekly - Litter control, redistribute attenuating surfacing, free of vegetation and debris 6 times per year – loose or broken parts, component durability Repair As needed, immediately after receiving parts Integrated Pest Management Plan 104 | P a g e City of Denton Parks and Recreation Department PARK CLASSIFICATION PLAN PARK AMENITIES MAINTENANCE MAINTENANCE TASK Class A, B, C, D Clean restrooms Restroom maintenance & repairs Clean and restock daily Work order within 24 hours Inspect Drinking Fountains Weekly during season of use – Mar 15 – Nov 15 Clean shelters and Picnic Pavilions Pressure Wash Weekly or clean when reserved for special events As needed Vandalism/Graffiti Address within 48 hours of notification earlier if inappropriate graffiti Water Features Mechanical (Fountains) Natural (Ponds. Lakes) Inspect weekly when in use. Inspect quarterly & maintain as needed. Inspect and/or repair benches, tables, grills Monthly or as needed Inspect and/or repair park and directional/street signs Quarterly or as needed Inspect and/or repair fencing Quarterly or as needed Inspect and/or repair security & parking lot lighting Monthly or as needed Inspect and/or repair swimming pools Daily or as needed during season Pre & Post season inspection of major repairs. Inspect and/or repair neighborhood tennis nets, net covers, striping, and backboards. Monthly or as needed Inspect and/or repair traffic barriers (post & cable, bollards, gates, handrails) Monthly or as needed Inspect and/or repair bridges. Quarterly or as needed Inspect Hike & Bike / Rail Trail Quarterly or as needed Inspect and/or repair sidewalks Quarterly or as needed Creeks and drainage ditches As needed Integrated Pest Management Plan 105 | P a g e City of Denton Parks and Recreation Department PARK CLASSIFICATION PLAN ATHLETIC FIELD MAINTENANCE MAINTENANCE TASK Class AA & A Baseball Field Annual Off-Season Maintenance Grounds Maintenance - League play, good quality, maintain safety standards Maintained - Restroom/Concessions Safety Check (lights, glass, fence, bleachers) Pitcher Mound Field Lights Evers, Denia, N Lakes, F. Moore Roberts Field & Mack Parking Lot Scoreboards Trades Maintenance Program Turf Irrigation Systems Parking lots Ballfield lights Bleachers Fences & Backstops Parking Lot Striping Restrooms & Concessions Scoreboards -Once a year add clay or amendment if needed. -Till up clay area to break up hard spots. -Blade clay areas to proper grade. -Remove any silt build up along grass and fence lines. -Check outfield grass area for high and or low areas, and for large cracks, silt in material if needed. -As scheduled for games -Permanent cleaned daily Portable serviced bi-weekly. -2-3 times per week -As scheduled for games -Infield 30 foot-candles -Outfield 20 foot-candles -50/30 -As scheduled for games -Replace bulbs as needed. -Monthly inspections & repairs as needed. -Quarterly inspections -Monthly inspection & bulb replacement (if needed). -Quarterly inspections -Quarterly inspections -Yearly inspections -Plumbing, electrical and structural repairs as needed. -Annual off-season service or as needed Softball Field Annual Off-Season Maintenance Grounds Maintenance - League play, good quality, maintain safety standards Maintained - Restroom/Concessions Safety Check (lights, glass, fence, bleachers) Pitcher Mound Lights -Once a year add clay material if needed. -Till up clay area to break up hard spots. -Blade clay areas to proper grade. -Remove any silt build up along grass and fence lines. -Check outfield grass area for high and or low areas, and for large cracks, silt in material if needed. -As scheduled for games -Permanent cleaned daily - Portable serviced weekly -2-3 times per week -As scheduled for games -Infield 30 foot-candles Integrated Pest Management Plan 106 | P a g e Denia, Evers & North Lakes Parking Lot Scoreboards Trades Maintenance Program Turf Irrigation Systems Drinking Fountains Parking lots Ballfield lights Bleachers Fences & Backstops Parking Lot Striping Restrooms & Concessions Scoreboards -Outfield 20 foot-candles -As scheduled for games -Replace bulbs as needed -Monthly inspections -Quarterly inspections -Winterize November 15-March 15 -Quarterly inspections -Monthly inspection & bulb replacement (if needed). -Quarterly inspections -Quarterly inspections -Yearly inspections -Plumbing, electrical and structural repairs as needed. -Annual off-season service or as needed Soccer/Football/Rugby Fields Grounds Maintenance - League play, good quality, maintain safety standards Maintained - Restroom/Concessions Safety Check (lights, glass, fence, bleachers) Lights Parking Lot Trades Maintenance Program Turf Irrigation Systems Parking lots Ballfield lights Bleachers Parking Lot Striping -Line with paint weekly. -As scheduled for games -Permanent cleaned daily & portable serviced bi-weekly -2-3 times per week -20 foot-candles -As scheduled for games -Monthly inspections -Quarterly inspections -Monthly inspection & bulb replacement (if needed). -Quarterly inspections -Yearly inspections Integrated Pest Management Plan 107 | P a g e APPENDIX 6: Pesticide Spill Incident Report Integrated Pest Management Plan 108 | P a g e APPENDIX 7: Product Label and Safety Data Sheet Labeling, provided by the manufacturer, gives additional information concerning the pesticide product. Labeling includes booklets, brochures, flyers and other information as distributed by the pesticide dealer or manufacturer. The Safety Data Sheet (SDS) is a document containing chemical hazard and safety handling information prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standard. An SDS attached to the product becomes part of the label and must be followed. Label The label is the printed information on or attached to the pesticide container. It verifies EPA approval, offers information on proper medical treatment for poisoning and provides guidelines for correct application and use. The label identifies the pesticide as general or restricted-use and lists specific sites for the intended applications. By law, a pesticide can only be applied to a site that is identified on the label, even though specific pests may not be indicated. A site can be a crop, animal or location the product is intended to protect. Everyone, including experienced applicators, should review the label prior to purchasing, mixing, applying, and storing or disposing of the pesticide or empty containers. Pesticide Label Requirements EPA and the Texas Department of Agriculture (TDA) require certain items be included on pesticide labels. 1. Brand, trade or product name: A single pesticide active ingredient may be marketed at the same time under several brand names. Brand or trade names are indicated on the front panel of the label and are used in advertisements. 2. Ingredient statement: Every pesticide product label must include the active and inert ingredients, including percentage by weight. Often, the chemical name of the active ingredient is stated. If an approved common name of the active ingredient exists, it may be listed and followed by a chemical name. The names of inert ingredients sometimes are not stated, but the label must indicate their percentage to the total contents. Product Name Active Ingredients(s) ................................... % Inert Ingredients ................................... % Total: ................................... 100% This product contains lbs. of per gallon. 3. Classification statement: Pesticides are classified based on hazards, intended use and effect upon the environment. General-use pesticides are less likely to harm the user or environment when used according to the label and do not require a license to apply. Restricted- use pesticides have a greater potential to harm the environment or the applicator when not used as directed. Restricted Use Pesticides (RUPs) contain a label such as the example here. You must have a TDA applicator license to purchase and use restricted-use pesticides. RESTRICTED USE PESTICIDE Due to (insert reason) For retail sale to and use only by Certified Applicators or persons under their direct supervision and only for those uses covered by the Certified Applicator’s certification. Integrated Pest Management Plan 109 | P a g e 4. Keep out of reach of children: Every pesticide label must include this statement on the front panel. This warning must be heeded. 5. Signal words and symbol: These indicate the relative toxicity of the active ingredient to humans and should appear on the front panel of a label. The signal words, in order of increasing toxicity, are caution, warning and danger. Danger indicates highly toxic products. The word poison and the skull and crossbones symbol also are associated with products having the danger signal word. 6. Manufacturer: The name and address of the manufacturer, registrant or formulator who makes the product must be printed on the label. If the registrant’s name appears on the label and the registrant is not the manufacturer, it must be qualified by appropriate wording such as “packed for...”, distributed by...”, or “sold by...”. a. Registration number: An EPA registration number is proof the label was approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. b. Establishment number: An establishment number identifies the specific facility that produced the product. 7. Directions for use: Instructions for applying the pesticide provide rate of application, site (crop, animal, location, etc.) it is intended to protect, pests controlled, mixing directions, when and where the material is to be applied, and necessary application equipment. 8. Precautionary statements: Guide the applicator in taking proper precautions to protect humans or animals that could be exposed. Sometimes listed under the heading “Hazards to Humans and Domestic Animals.” This area will include information about how pesticides may enter the body and any protective clothing or equipment the applicator should use. 9. First Aid: First aid treatment guidelines are recommended in this statement in case of over- exposure. This information should be read before the product is used, and again in case of an emergency. 10. Environmental hazards: Special warning statements on the label cover hazards to the environment. Examples: “This product is highly toxic to bees,” or “This product is highly toxic to fish,” and “Do not allow drift to contact non-target plants or trees.” 11. Reentry statement: Indicates how much time must pass before a person can enter a treated area without appropriate protective clothing. 12. Storage and disposal statement: Pesticide inventories should be stored securely, preferably under lock and key, and separate from food and feed supplies. Pesticides and empty containers must be disposed of according to TDA and EPA regulations. 13. Net contents: Identifies the amount or weight of pesticide in the container and should be displayed prominently on the front of the label. EPA Registration No. ______ [Registrant Name] EPA Establishment No. _____ [City, State, Zip] Integrated Pest Management Plan 110 | P a g e APPENDIX 8: Emergency and Information Phone List Fire, Ambulance, HAZMAT – Dial 911 For Medical Emergencies & Immediate Health Concerns: • City of Denton Emergency Management – 940-349-8836 • Texas Poison Center Network- 24 hours call 1-800-222-1222 • TCEQ - Texas Commission on Environmental Quality 24 hour spill reporting 1-800-832-8224 http://www.tceq.texas.gov/ Informational Phone Numbers • PARD Grounds Maintenance Division – 940-349-7464 • Watershed Protection Department – 940-349-7153 • NPIC - National Pesticide Information Center, 1-800-858-7378 http://npic.orst.edu/ provides general information on pesticide products, including safety, health, environmental effects, clean up and disposal. • Texas Department of Agriculture, 512-305-8907 http://www.agr.state.tx.us/ provides information on pesticide products and registration, conducts pesticide use investigation, and applicator licensing and certification. To Report Pesticide Exposures: Texas Department of State Health services (DSHS) 512-458-7111 Provides confidential investigations, consults with health care providers and provides clean up and exposure prevention information. Integrated Pest Management Plan 111 | P a g e APPENDIX 9: Glossary Action level The point at which control measures are necessary to prevent a pest population or its impact from exceeding the threshold. Aeration The provision of air to the soil. Amphibian Any of a class (Amphibia) of cold-blooded vertebrates (as frogs, toads, or salamanders) intermediate in many characters between fishes and reptiles and having gilled aquatic larvae and air breathing adults. Anti-siphon A device that prevents waste water from being drawn back into supply lines and possibly contaminating the water supply. Applicator A person applying a liquid or solid treatment to a landscape. Ball moss Grey to greenish epiphyte about 3” to 9” wide within the Central Texas region and has scaly, recurved, linear leaves 2” to 6” long. Basal growth Leaves or stems growing at the base of a stem or tree trunk. Botanist A biologist specializing in the study of plants. Bioaccumulation The accumulation of a substance, such as a toxic chemical, in various tissues of a living organism. Backpack sprayer A sprayer worn on the back. Biofilter An emission control device that uses microorganisms to destroy volatile organic compounds and hazardous air pollutants. Bioswale Landscape elements designed to remove silt and pollution from surface runoff water, usually 6 inches or deeper. Boom sprayer A large-scale sprayer associated with a truck or tractor. Broadcast spray A wide, circle shaped spray or spray pattern. Broadleaf Having relatively broad rather than needlelike or scale-like leaves. Brood Whitish rice grain like larvae and pupae found within a fire ant mound. Buffer zone A corridor of land that is 25 feet in width on the sides of a stream or other body of water. Carbamate A salt or an ester of carbamic acid, especially one used as an insecticide. Cholinesterase A family of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid, a reaction necessary to allow a cholinergic neuron to return to its resting state after activation. Commercial applicator Operates a business or is employed by a business that applies restricted-use or state-limited-use pesticides to the property of another person for hire or compensation. Contaminate Soil, stain, corrupt, or infect by contact or association. Core aeration Increasing air penetration of the soil by removing plugs of soil. Decontamination To make safe by eliminating poisonous or otherwise harmful substances, such as noxious chemicals or radioactive material. Dike Contains spills to a confined area. Disease Any abnormal condition in a plant that interferes with its vital physiological processes, caused by pathogenic microorganisms, parasites, unfavorable environmental, genetic, or nutritional factors, etc. Dog off leash area Designated fenced or unfenced areas where dogs are allowed to be off-leash. Integrated Pest Management Plan 112 | P a g e Drainage The natural or artificial removal of surface and sub-surface water from an area. Drift The movement of spray product from an area of application to any unintended site. Drift can occur in the form of droplets during application or as vapors after application. Caution must be taken at wind speeds of 10 MPH or more. Application is prohibited at wind speeds of 15 MPH or above. Read and follow the product label directions carefully for all products. Ecosystem A system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical environment. Edging Mechanical means to define borders. Endangered species An animal or plant species in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range. Epiphyte A plant that attaches to a host plant merely for physical support. Derives its water and nutrients from the air through their leaves and stems. Erosion The process of weathering and transport of solids (sediment, soil, rock and other particles) in the natural environment or their source and deposits them elsewhere. Fertilization The process of making soil more productive for plant growth by the addition of organic material or fertilizer. Fungicide Chemical compounds or biological organisms used to kill or inhibit fungi or fungal spores. Germinate To begin to sprout or grow. Grade The degree of inclination of a slope, road, or other surface. Grafting Is a method of asexual plant propagation widely used in agriculture and horticulture where the tissues of one plant are encouraged to fuse with those of another plant. Granular application Product in the form of small particles that provides a slower release of ingredients, usually used in broadcast or drop applications. Groundcover Any plant that grows over an area of ground, used to provide protection from erosion and drought, and to improve its aesthetic appearance. Herbicide A chemical substance used to destroy or inhibit the growth of plants, especially weeds. High water line The highest possible water level that would be expected in a given body of water during a 5-year period. Hilling Is the technique in agriculture and horticulture of piling soil up around the base of a plant. Hornet A venomous insect about a ¾” long and is black and white, with a white face. Horticulturalist Practices the science of plant cultivation including the process of preparing soil for the planting of seeds, tubers, or cuttings. Host The animal or plant on which or in which another organism lives. Hydrocyanic acid An aqueous solution of hydrogen cyanide HCN that is a poisonous weak acid and is used chiefly in fumigating and in organic synthesis. Infiltration To cause (as a liquid) to permeate something by penetrating its pores or interstices. Insecticide A chemical used to kill or reduce the presence of insects. Integrated Pest Management Plan 113 | P a g e Insect A class within the arthropods that have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three part body (head, thorax, and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes, and two antennae. Integrated Pest Management A coordinated decision in making and determining the best recommended practice that uses the most appropriate pest control methods and strategies in an environmentally and economically sound manner to meet pest management objectives. Invasive species Introduced species that can thrive in areas beyond their natural range of dispersal. Invertebrate An animal without a backbone. Irrigation An artificial application of water to the soil. Larvae The newly hatched, wingless, often worm like form of many insects before metamorphosis. Leachability Ability to dissolve out soluble constituents from (ash, soil, etc.) by the action of percolating. Listed specie A species, subspecies, or distinct population segment that has been added to the Federal list of endangered and threatened wildlife and plants. Liquid application Used when the aboveground parts of plants require treatment to control pests. Some liquid formulations come packaged in their own sprayer, ready to use; no dilution is required. Lobed leaf Leaf having deeply indented margins. Mammalian Any of various warm-blooded vertebrate animals of the class Mammalia, including humans, characterized by a covering of hair on the skin and, in the female, milk producing mammary glands for nourishing the young. Microbial A minute life form; a microorganism, especially a bacterium that causes disease. Miticide A chemical composition that kills or reduces the presence of mites. Mitigation To moderate (a quality or condition) in force or intensity; alleviate. Monoculture The cultivation or growth of a single crop or organism especially on agricultural or forest land. Natural area A natural area is a physical and biological unit in as near a natural condition as possible, which exemplifies typical or unique vegetation and associated biotic, edaphic, geologic, and aquatic features. The unit is maintained in a natural condition by allowing physical and biological processes to operate, usually without direct human intervention. Noncommercial applicator Is required to be licensed but does not qualify as a commercial applicator. Noncommercial political subdivision (NCPS) An applicator employed by a political subdivision of the State of Texas or a federal agency operating in Texas. Organophosphate Poison insects and mammals primarily by phosphorylation of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme (ache) at nerve endings. Over seeding Spreading seed over established turf that has been prepared for restoration. Overstory Also called the canopy is made up of the very tallest trees that stand over the rest of the plants. Panicle Compound raceme or branched cluster of flowers. Paper wasp A venomous insect about a ¾” long, red to brown in color with a long, cylindrical abdomen. Integrated Pest Management Plan 114 | P a g e Parasitoid An organism that spends a significant portion of its life history attached to or within a single host organism, which it ultimately kills (and often consumes) in the process. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Includes all types of equipment used to increase individual safety while performing potentially hazardous tasks. Minimum PPE standard is a long sleeve shirt, long pants, and closed shoes with socks. This may also include safety glasses, hard hats, gloves, lab coats, respirators, or and equipment used to protect against injury or illness. Pest A plant, organism, pathogen, insect or other small animal harmful to humans, garden plants, turf, trees, etc. Pesticide Any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling or mitigating any pest. Pesticide applicator license Certification of a person to use a restricted or state limited-use pesticide or regulated herbicides. Pheromone Is a secreted or excreted chemical factor that triggers a social response in members of the same species. Photodecomposition Chemical breakdown caused by radiant energy. Poison ivy A loose shrub or woody stemmed, climbing or creeping vine. The leaf consists of three leaflets on long, oppositely placed stems (petioles) and can be 3” to 10” long. Margins of the leaflets may vary from being entirely smooth, slightly toothed or lobed. The leaves can be glossy or dull green. Post emergent A herbicide used to kill weeds after they have germinated. Predators An organism that lives by preying on other organisms. Pre-emergent Chemicals that prevent the germinating weeds from establishing in a lawn. Prune To cut off or remove dead or living parts or branches of (a plant, for example) to improve shape or growth. Pupae The non-feeding stage between the larva and adult in the metamorphosis of holometabolous insects, during which the larva typically undergoes complete transformation within a protective cocoon or hardened case. Pyrethroid A chemical class of active ingredients found in insecticides. Low toxicity to mammals and birds; dissolves poorly in water making it toxic to fish. Quill A hollow shaft or sleeve through which another independently rotating shaft may pass. Recurved leaf A leaf curved or bent backwards or downwards. Red imported fire ant Adults are red to dark brown and occur in five different forms: minor workers, about a 1/8” long; major workers, about a ¼” long; winged males and females, each about a 1/3” long; and queens, about a 1/3” long. Resistance The capacity of an organism or a tissue to withstand the effects of a harmful environmental agent. Restricted entry interval The time after a pesticide application during which entry into the treated area is restricted. Rhizome A horizontal, usually underground stem that often sends out roots and shoots from its nodes. Right of way A strip of land that is granted, through an easement or other mechanism, for transportation purposes, such as for a walking path, driveway, rail line or highway. Integrated Pest Management Plan 115 | P a g e Rinsate A dilute mixture of a pesticide or pesticides with water, solvents, oils, commercial rinsing agents, or other substances, that is produced by or results from the cleaning of pesticide application equipment or pesticide containers. Rodent Any of various mammals of the order Rodentia, such as a mouse, rat, squirrel, or beaver, characterized by large incisors adapted for gnawing or nibbling. Rodenticide Pest control chemicals intended to kill or reduce the presence of rodents. Rootstalk A horizontal plant stem with shoots above and roots below serving as a reproductive structure. Rootstock A plant, and sometimes just the stump, which already has an established, healthy root system used for grafting a cutting or budding from another plant. Runner Slender creeping stem that puts forth roots from nodes spaced at intervals along its length. Runoff The occurrence of surplus liquid (as water) exceeding the limit or capacity. Scion A detached shoot or twig containing buds from a woody plant which is grafted onto the stock. Smooth leaf A leaf having an entire or lobed margin but is not toothed. Social wasps Live in nests that wasps construct and defend cooperatively. Ex. Paper wasps, yellow jackets, and hornets Sodium laurel sulfate Detergent and surfactant found in many personal care products. Ex. Soaps and shampoos. Soil Surface layers of sand, silt, clay, and organic material on the surface of the earth that support plants. Solitary wasp Do not build communal nests and consequently do not defend their nest. Solubility The amount of a substance that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent. Spill Accidental or unintentional release of hazardous material. Spot spraying Targeted or direct pesticide application. Strainer A device used to separate liquids from solids. Tank Holds chemical mixtures. Threatened species An animal or plant species likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range. Threshold A level of pest presence above which unacceptable amounts of negative plant health impacts, negative environmental impacts, negative effects on infrastructure and assets, intolerable aesthetic impacts, or undue safety risks are likely to occur. Till To prepare (land) for the raising of crops, as by plowing and harrowing; cultivate. Toothed leaf A leaf that is notched on the outer edge, or margin, of a leaf (serrate). Top dressing Material applied to a surface, as fertilizer on land or crops, or stones on a road. Toxicity The degree to which a substance is toxic, poisonous or harmful. Triclopyr A systemic, foliar herbicide in the pyridine group. It is used to control broadleaf weeds while leaving grasses and conifers unaffected. Tunneling Process in which an animal makes a hole or passageway underground, usually for shelter. Turf Surface layer of ground containing a mat of grass and grass roots. Urban forestry Management, establishment, and protection of trees and forests within cities, suburbs, or towns. Integrated Pest Management Plan 116 | P a g e Weeds Any plant that crowds out cultivated and native plants. Wetland A lowland area, such as a marsh or swamp that is saturated with moisture, especially when regarded as the natural habitat of wildlife. Worker Protection Standard Is a regulation from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) designed to limit worker’s exposure to pesticides. Vertebrate A member of the subphylum Vertebrata, a primary division of the phylum Chordata that includes the fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals, all of which are characterized by a segmented spinal column and a distinct well differentiated head. Vespid Mostly social nest building wasps. Yellow jackets Have a shiny yellow and black striped abdomen and are typically a ½” long, workers, and a ¾” long, the queen. Integrated Pest Management Plan 117 | P a g e APPENDIX 10: Revisions Date Page Reason Authorized By Date Approved Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service Recommendation Management Response Deliverable / Action Status Provide terminology clarifications.Management agrees with recommendation. Clarifications will be made to document.Revised document; various Completed Identify "Strategies" as standard operating procedures (SOP). Management agrees with recommendation. Purpose of strategies is to outline operational procedures.Revised document; p. 15 Completed Update Texas Dept. of Agriculture Applicators License requirements. Management agrees with recommendation.Revised document; p. 17, p. 22, p. 45 Completed Outline minimum standard for personal protective equipment. Management agrees with recommendation. As an SOP, defined minimum requirement is appropriate. Revised document; p. 30, p. 114 Completed Define "drift" and set clear standard.Management agrees. As an SOP, a defined standard is appropriate. Revised document; p. 42, p. 44, p. 112 Completed Include a finish time of pesticide application on record form. PARD utilizes the required Texas Department of Agriculture Pesticide Applicator Record for documentation of pesticide applications. No action taken. PARD utilizes the required Texas Department of Agriculture Pesticide Applicator Record for documentation of pesticide applications. Completed Cross reference Strategy 8 with Strategy 12 for consistency in pesticide requirements.Management agrees with recommendation. Revised document; p. 27 Completed Define "organic" methods in community garden plots to set clear requirements and expectations. Management agrees with recommendation. Clear standards and requirements will be outlined for users. Revised document; p. 43. Update community garden rules and user agreement. Document revised; community garden rules update in- progress. Include fire ants in Strategy 16 and Strategy 17.Management agrees with recommendation.Revised document; p. 47, p. 49 Completed Consider alternative terminology for "non-toxic" in Strategy 17 as natural products can be toxic to plants/insects/animals. Management agrees with recommendation.Revised document; p. 50 Completed Replace product names with active ingredients on approved product list.Management agrees with recommendation. Revised document; Appendix 1-4 Completed Include additional rodenticides for variation in use and effectiveness.Management agrees with recommendation.Revised document; Appendix 1 Completed Include soil testing in Appendix 5 Maintenance Schedule and Control Methods.Management agrees with recommendation. Revised document; p. 12 Completed Recommendation Management Response Deliverable / Action Status Rename document to "plan" rather than "program". Document outlines approach that makes up the policy. Management agrees with recommendation.Revised document; various Completed Clarify scope of plan - applicable to PARD vs. COD assets. Management agrees with recommendation. PARD is currently working on a city-wide program for possible adoption. Draft document - COD policy on maintenance of city-owned property.Completed Consider developing a process for program evaluation - how often and by whom. Management agrees with recommendation. Intent of original Community Focus Group was to continue seeking stakeholder input. Develop evaluation process and include in document; p. 5 Completed Add strategy for program evaluation and reporting. Develop goals and performance measures related to chemical use. Management agrees with the development of annual goals and performance measures. Include goals and performance measurements for annual reporting. Include language in document; p. 5 Completed Include pest management of structural facilities in future revisions. Facilities Maintenance currently oversees pest management of structural facilities. Management open to future discussions. Consider / determine city-wide goal of structural pest management plan.Under Evaluation Consider Green Shield Certification for structural pest management. Facilities Maintenance currently oversees pest management of structural facilities. Management open to future discussions. Consider / determine city-wide goal of structural pest management plan.Under Evaluation Consider explaining role of Community Focus Group for the reader to understand and appreciate their role. Management agrees that historical record / background on project should be documented. Review / discuss appropriate platform for information such as website. On-going Add a goal for the document that facilitates its sustainability and commitment to IPM approach through leadership changes and staff transitions. Management agrees with recommendation.Revised document; p. 4 Completed IPM Institute of North America Include practice of soil testing in approved strategies / methods.Management agrees with recommendation.Revised document; p. 12 Completed Include possible health, safety, and environmental effects as indirect costs in plan costs Management agrees with recommendation.Revised document; p. 13 Completed Expand record keeping to include non-chemical interventions.Management agrees with recommendation.Revised document; training; p. 5, p. 24 Completed Review exemptions for spot spraying and notices for blue dye application. Management agrees with recommendation. Enhance education efforts of blue dye application. Revised document; training / education; p. 21, p. 47 Completed Include more specific guidelines about pesticide application around Community Gardens. Management agrees with recommendation. Clear standards and requirements will be outlined for users. Revised document; p. 43. Update community garden rules and user agreement. Completed Consider adding specifications to Strategy 16 Vegetation Management in Engineered Wood Fiber Playground Areas such as use of weed barrier and depth of mulch. Management agrees with recommendation.Revised document; p. 47 Completed Add spiders and fire ants to Strategy 17 Venomous Insect Management; clarify "non-toxic" products as nonchemical products can be toxic to insects; add to approved product list. Management agrees with recommendation.Revised document; p. 49-51 Completed Suggest addressing management of dog feces, signage, and disposal containers at off leash area; address fleas and ticks. Management will review incorporation of these issues in the IPM plan; signage and disposal equipment currently available throughout all park properties. Include language on signage and available disposal equipment for dogs; reference City ordinance; p. 52-53 Completed Consider clarifying the use of neonics in Strategy 19 Insecticide Use and Pollinator Protection from prohibition to "pose unacceptable risk" due to low risk use of some products. Management agrees with recommendation.Revised document; p. 55 Completed Capture Strategy 19 Insecticide Use and Pollinator Protection B 1-5 in Strategy 2 or at top of strategy list. Strategy 19 Insecticide Use and Pollinator Protection B 1-5 is outlined in more detail under Approved Pest Management Strategies p. 10-11. Strategy 19 Insecticide Use and Pollinator Protection B 1-5 is outlined in more detail under Approved Pest Management Strategies p. 11-12. Completed Replace product names with active ingredients on approved product list.Management agrees with recommendation. Revised document; Appendix 1-4 Completed Consider changing "control" to "management" and "Pesticide Program" to "Pest Management" for consistency with philosophy and practice. Management agrees with recommendation. Revised document; Appendix 5 Completed Best practice 1" per week irrigation is a single application per week; less frequent / more water promotes deeper root growth. Management agrees with recommendation. Confirmed current practice is the recommended best practice.Completed Clarify / include aesthetics as an action threshold for consistency throughout.Management agrees with recommendation. Revised document; Appendix 5 Completed Suggest more detailed description of exact location of pesticide spills. Management agrees with recommendation. Pesticide Spill Incident Report does include a field for "Exact location of incident" and a narrative. Pesticide Spill Incident Report does include a field for "Exact location of incident" and a narrative. Staff training. Completed Miscellaneous additions to glossary terms and clarification of specific terms.Management agrees with recommendation. Revised document; Appendix 9 Completed Non-Toxic Neighborhoods (NTN) Recommendation Management Response Deliverable / Action Status Transition from IPM to PPM (Progressive Pest Management. A review of the proposed PPM revealed a shared philosophy and many of the same methods as an IPM. Management will move forward with IPM and incorporate PPM elements. A review of the proposed PPM revealed a shared philosophy and many of the same methods as an IPM. Capture elements of PPM in revised document; p. 4, p. 8-9 Completed Establish PPM Commission for quarterly review/discussion of PPM; Annual report and update. Management agrees with recommendation. Intent of original Community Focus Group was to continue seeking stakeholder input. Develop evaluation and annual reporting process to include in document; p. 5 Completed Goals to include elimination and minimization of EPA level pesticides. Management agrees with the minimization of pesticide use; elimination dependent on the identification of other effective means/methods of pest management. Revised document to include goal; p. 4 Completed Principles and policy sections Basic tenets captured in various strategies of IPM. Basic tenets captured in various strategies of IPM. Completed Prevention statement Captured in design, plant selection, and nature of site sections. Captured in design, plant selection, and nature of site sections; p. 11-12 Completed Secure the contracted services of a third party for regular pest / condition monitoring of property and determine control tactics as needed. Site monitoring is currently conducted by Park Maintenance staff. Feasibility of a contracted service provider would require further analysis. Site monitoring is currently conducted by Park Maintenance staff. Feasibility of a contracted service provider would require further analysis. Future evaluation Outline non-chemical control measures.Measures are captured in the IPM Methodology.Measures are captured in the IPM Methodology; p. 11-14 Completed Outline pest controls based on different types of property. Management agrees with recommendation. Consistent with mission and goals of the program.Revised document; p. 8-9 Completed Approvals and application of chemical pesticides section.Measures are captured in the strategies.Measures are captured in the strategies.Completed Records and reporting Measures are captured in the strategies.Measures are captured in the strategies.Completed City of Denton Approved by City Council 5/2019 Integrated Pest Management Program Integrated Pest Management Program 1 | P a g e It is important for the City of Denton to be environmentally conscious in providing safe and well- maintained facilities and landscapes for all visitors. The Integrated Pest Management (IPM) plan provides a holistic approach to achieving the stated goals considering health, environmental, and financial risks. The intent of the IPM plan is to be a living document with continued evaluation and updates to meet current and future needs. A special thank you to City of Denton staff in the Parks and Recreation Department, Park Maintenance Division, Environmental Services, and the Citizen Focus Group who committed their time and talent to the development of this document. IPM Focus Group Nathan Hansard University of North Texas / Field Specialist Cynthia Maguire Texas Womens University / Native Plant Society of Texas Bob Harris Denton County Master Gardners Adelaide Bodnar Master Naturalist Bill Hartley Denton County Beekeepers Association Cindy Hiegel Master Gardener Carol Soph Denton Resident Ed Soph Denton Resident Gene Kastens Denton Youth Sports Association Heather Massengale Denton Youth Sports Association Integrated Pest Management Program 2 | P a g e Table of Contents GENERAL INFORMATION ............................................................................................................................. 4 Mission Statement ................................................................................................................................... 4 Asset ......................................................................................................................................................... 5 Integrated Pest Management .................................................................................................................. 5 Pesticide Use ............................................................................................................................................ 7 Safety ........................................................................................................................................................ 8 Laws and Regulations ............................................................................................................................... 8 INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGY ................................................................................ 10 Approved Pest Management Strategies ................................................................................................ 10 Criteria for Choosing a Pest Management Method .............................................................................. 12 PEST MANAGEMENT POLICIES ................................................................................................................... 14 Outline of Strategies .............................................................................................................................. 14 Licensing and Training ............................................................................................................................ 16 STRATEGY 1: Licensing, Certification, and Continuing Education of Pest Management Personnel 16 Pest Management Procedures ............................................................................................................... 18 STRATEGY 2: Management Methods for Pest Problems .................................................................. 18 STRATEGY 3: Pesticides Approved for Use by PARD Personnel ....................................................... 19 STRATEGY 4: Notification of Pesticide Use at a Site ......................................................................... 20 STRATEGY 5: Pesticide Application on Park Property and Street Rights-of-Way ............................ 21 STRATEGY 6: Pesticide Application Recordkeeping .......................................................................... 23 Pesticide Material Management ........................................................................................................... 24 STRATEGY 7: Use of Remaining Pesticide Solutions and Rinses ....................................................... 24 STRATEGY 8: Storage and Transportation of Pesticides ................................................................... 26 STRATEGY 9: Disposal of Empty Pesticide Containers and Unusable Pesticides ............................. 27 Safety Measures and Emergency Response .......................................................................................... 29 STRATEGY 10: Use of Protective Clothing and Equipment ............................................................... 29 STRATEGY 11: Emergency Information Concerning Accidental Pesticide Exposure ........................ 30 STRATEGY 12: Pesticide Spill Response ............................................................................................. 32 Targeted Pest Management................................................................................................................... 39 STRATEGY 13: Turf Broadleaf Weed Management ........................................................................... 39 STRATEGY 14: Pesticide Applications around Community Gardens................................................. 42 Integrated Pest Management Program 3 | P a g e STRATEGY 15: Waterways Pest Management ................................................................................... 43 STRATEGY 16: Vegetation Management in Engineered Wood Fiber Playground Areas ................. 46 STRATEGY 17: Venomous Insect Management ................................................................................. 47 STRATEGY 18: Dog Area Pest Management ...................................................................................... 49 STRATEGY 19: Insecticide Use and Pollinator Protection ................................................................ 51 APPENDICES ................................................................................................................................................ 53 APPENDIX 1: Approved Pesticide List for Parks Use ............................................................................. 53 APPENDIX 2: Athletic Field Services Approved List ............................................................................... 57 APPENDIX 3: City Urban Forestry Approved List ................................................................................... 59 APPENDIX 4: City Parks and Recreation – Natural Areas Approved List .............................................. 61 APPENDIX 5: Park Maintenance Schedule and Control Methods ........................................................ 62 APPENDIX 6: Pesticide Spill Incident Report ......................................................................................... 73 APPENDIX 7: Product Label and Safety Data Sheet .............................................................................. 74 APPENDIX 8: Emergency and Information Phone List ........................................................................... 76 APPENDIX 9: Glossary ............................................................................................................................ 77 APPENDIX 10: Revisions ......................................................................................................................... 83 Integrated Pest Management Program 4 | P a g e GENERAL INFORMATION Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Program is a decision-making process to determine pest levels and tolerance thresholds and combines biological, cultural, physical, and chemical tools to minimize health, environmental, and financial risks. This program uses extensive knowledge about pests, such as infestation thresholds, life histories, environmental requirements, and natural enemies to complement and facilitate biological and other natural control of pests. It coordinates the use of pest biology, environmental information, and available technology to prevent unacceptable levels of pest damage by the most economical means, while posing the least possible risk to people, property, resources, and the environment. Mission Statement The mission of the Parks and Recreation Integrated Pest Management Program is to manage pests that are harmful to the health, function or aesthetic value of park landscapes and public health in a manner that is efficient, effective, environmentally-responsible, and with careful attention to the safety of the public and department employees. To accomplish this, the principles of Integrated Pest Management are endorsed. This approach uses multi-faceted strategies that minimizes economic, health, and environmental risks. Goals The goal and intent of this program is to produce an evolving and living document that provides a method and approach to guide the maintenance of public property and land. The focus and goals are:  Strive to better connect communities to nature and enhance sustainability through conservation practices within parks. Areas of focus include promoting sustainable practices and strategies that address the effects of climate change, preserving wildlife, growing a next generation of environmental stewards, and supporting programs and policies that encourage a commitment to conservation.  Create and maintain a safe environment for visitors and staff that protects and preserves natural resources, park facilities, and amenities through design, operations, and education.  Provide a natural, healthy, educational, and social environment and ensure all people have access and are meaningfully involved in the development and use of park and recreation programs and spaces.  Create an active learning environment using design such as interpretative signage with a focus on natural and historical education.  Educate and promote natural areas and cultural practices through programing such as organic community gardening.  Ensure stewardship of the public’s resources through fiscal accountability, responsible planning, and effective management. Integrated Pest Management Program 5 | P a g e Asset The Parks and Recreation Department (PARD) is a subdivision of the City of Denton municipal government and is the steward of over 2,000 acres of space, 36 parks, 27 playgrounds, 42 athletic fields, 27 trail miles, 6 recreation centers, 3 aquatic facilities, 1 spray ground, 16 tennis courts, 1 driving range, 1 disk golf course, 1 skate park, and 2 cemeteries. It also offers a wide array of recreation and enrichment opportunities for people of all ages. PARD’s Parks Maintenance Division is charged with maintaining these diverse park landscapes and assets in a safe, attractive, healthy, and useful condition. Park properties represent a major component of the city’s capital assets and PARD recognizes its responsibility to protect and preserve this economic investment to the best of its abilities. PARD also recognizes its responsibilities to its employees, park users, and the general public, and seeks to employ the highest professional standards in the performance of its duties. To manage pests in park lands, PARD personnel shall utilize the principles of Integrated Pest Management. Integrated Pest Management Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is one of the major strategies used by PARD in the maintenance of park lands. There are many definitions of IPM, the following is from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for its publication, “EPA Integrated Pest Management for Turfgrass and Ornamentals1:” “IPM is the coordinated use of pest and environmental information with available pest control methods to prevent unacceptable levels of pest damage by the most economical means with the least possible hazard to people, property, and the environment. The goal of IPM is to manage pests and the environment so as to balance costs, benefits, public health, and environmental quality. IPM systems use all available technical information on the pest and its interactions with the environment. Because IPM programs apply a holistic approach to pest management decision-making, they take advantage of all appropriate pest management options, including, but not limited to pesticides. Thus, IPM is:  A system using multiple methods;  A decision-making process;  A risk reduction system;  Information intensive;  Cost-effective; and  Site specific.” IPM makes use of cultural practices, environmental factors, pest growth patterns and life cycles, ecological interaction, human contact, mechanical removal and, finally, pesticides to control harmful organisms. The Park Maintenance Division defines Integrated Pest Management as the coordinated use of pest and environmental information along with available pest control methods, including biological, cultural, 1 EPA Integrated Pest Management for Turfgrass and Ornamentals. Page 315 and http://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi/9101AIKB.PDF?Dockey=9101AIKB.PDF Integrated Pest Management Program 6 | P a g e physical, and chemical methods, to prevent unacceptable levels of pest damage by the most economical means and with the least possible hazard to people, property, and the environment.  Integrated means that all feasible types of control strategies are considered and combined as appropriate to solve a pest problem.  Pests are unwanted organisms that are a nuisance to man or domestic animals, and can cause injury to humans, animals, plants, and property, and have a significant economic impact. Pests reduce yield and/or quality in vegetation ranging from flower beds, to lawns, trees, and sports fields.  Management is the process of making decisions in a systematic way to keep pests from reaching intolerable levels. Small populations of pests can often be tolerated; total eradication is often not necessary, or feasible. Based on the above, PARD’s Park Maintenance Division’s IPM plan consists of the following steps: 1. Identification of the issue. Identification of the pest, level of infestation, and an evaluation of the site will determine what action is needed, if any. 2. Consultation. This involves defining the roles of the people involved in the pest management equation (i.e. Certified Pesticide Applicator, Park Manager, Urban Forrester, Park Supervisor, Superintendent, and PARD Director) to assure understanding and communication between them. 3. Management objectives. Staff must determine the management objectives for a given site in order to solve the pest problem(s). This can be done by establishing maintenance classifications and standards with an outlined schedule to meet maintenance needs. Project and property priorities relevant at the time must also be considered. A Strategy review includes determining if a species is native or exotic, locating the management zone, and evaluating the chances of successful management. 4. Set the action thresholds. These are points when pest populations or environmental conditions indicate that action must be taken in order to prevent the pest population from crossing a pre- determined injury threshold; no action is taken until the threshold is reached unless it is determined that conditions pose a threat to health and safety or the infestation is detrimental to plant material / vegetation. 5. No-pesticide action. In this step, action is taken to modify the pest habitat to reduce the carrying capacity of the site, exclude the pest, or otherwise make the site’s environment incompatible with the needs of the pest. This step, which involves applied ecology with support from cultural, biological, and organic methods. 6. Pesticide action. If no-pesticide actions are not available or insufficient, the appropriate pesticide action is taken. All efforts should made to (a) use the least toxic, most effective, most efficient application technique that provides the longest dwell time in contact with the pest, (b) apply when the pest is in its most vulnerable stage, and (c) carry the least possible hazard to people, property, and the environment. 7. Evaluate. This means checking the post-treatment results of the habitat modification or pesticide treatment actions by periodically monitoring the site and pest populations. 8. Records. For each site, records should be kept of pest management objectives, monitoring methods and data collected, actions taken, results obtained, and pesticides used. Records of actions taken will be documented in PARD’s record management system. Integrated Pest Management Program 7 | P a g e IPM is a decision-making process to determine if, where, when, and how pest control practices should be applied. And, in the short term, modification of direct pest control practices (such as reducing pesticide use through spot spraying strategies and replacing undesirable chemicals with more environmentally friendly materials) can provide valuable benefits in reducing the use of pesticides. The IPM process first determines if a pest needs to be managed, and if so, how best to do it. Key elements are information gathering, well-informed decision making and monitoring of results. The IPM process promotes effective, low-risk management strategies to manage pests. The controls used in this program include biological, cultural, physical, and chemical methods and materials; often a combination of methods is used. Methods selected to manage specific pest populations are evaluated by licensed and trained PARD professionals. The methods employed conform to recognized standards established and endorsed by state and federal regulatory agencies, state educational institutions and organizations. Key elements of an IPM program are information gathering and informed decision-making. Horticulturists, botanical specialists, park technicians, foresters, and arborists are skilled in identifying and evaluating pest problems. When pest problems occur that are unusual or beyond the scope of in- house experts, advice is obtained from other qualified sources such as state universities, Texas Department of Agriculture, and Texas A&M University Extension Service experts. Texas Pesticide Applicators License continuing education courses reinforce employee skills and provide current information concerning laws, safety, pests, and current IPM methods. PARD employees monitor levels of pests to arrive at the best solution for managing a pest problem. When pest management methods are implemented by trained IPM personnel, the results are solutions that are economically and environmentally responsible. This provides the public with safe, healthy, and aesthetically pleasing park areas. Pesticide Use Pesticide is a general term for any substance intended for preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating any pest. Park pests consist primarily of unwanted vegetation and invasive weeds, but can also include insects, disease organisms, rodents, and other organisms. To manage these pests, PARD personnel select the best methods available. When it is necessary to use pesticides as part of an IPM approach, PARD minimizes risk by careful product selection and application. When developing and updating PARD’s IPM program the best expert scientific opinion is relied upon on to inform staff about potential materials and methods. Assessments from regulatory agencies, state university departments in Texas, university extension scientists and other experts in the field provide much useful specific information. PARD turns to these recognized experts for credible science-based information. PARD also stays current with the latest pertinent studies as part of our process. By basing decisions on these authoritative sources best solutions can be obtained within the IPM framework. PARD pesticide applicators are required to comply with all pesticide label directions, federal, state, and local pesticide regulations, applicable safety laws, and PARD policies. Misuse of pesticides will not be tolerated. Pesticides not labeled or listed (refer to Appendices 1-4) will not be covered in detail within this document, but PARD requires pesticide applicators to use additional precaution and label directions, if present, for all applications. Integrated Pest Management Program 8 | P a g e Safety When pesticides are being applied in park areas by PARD personnel, notification signs are posted at points of entry to the treated areas. When pest management equipment is being used and materials are being applied by PARD employees, all appropriate worker personal protective equipment is provided for use. Use of such equipment is an important part of safely applying pesticides as well as using mechanical equipment. PARD employees work with the Watershed Protection Division to protect the city’s water supply from all types of contamination. When pesticides are contemplated to be used near waterways and drainage areas, the Watershed Protection Division will be notified. When necessary, application of pesticides downstream of stream banks or within waterways would be done using aquatic-labeled pesticides, following the IPM process and label directions, and with the approval of the field supervisor. Laws and Regulations Several Federal and State agencies regulate the use of pesticides. PARD Park Maintenance Division conforms to all pesticide laws and regulations. PARD allows only Texas State licensed Pesticide Applicators to apply pesticides of any kind on park land. In this way PARD exceeds the standards established within Texas state law. To obtain a Noncommercial Pesticide Applicator's License, applicators must pass a series of tests given by the Texas Department of Agriculture. The Texas Department of Agriculture does allow non-licensed staff to apply pesticides when it is incidental to their primary duties. Once licensed, applicators must renew their license, annually for noncommercial applicators, and take the required amount of continuing education units needed for the type of Pesticide Applicator’s License held. Applicators are required by law to record specific information when applying pesticides and keep records for a minimum of 2 years. PARD utilizes the Texas Department of Agriculture’s designated forms for these purposes. Decontamination Sites Employers must provide sites so that workers and handlers can wash pesticides and residues from their hands and body. Decontamination supplies must include:  Enough water for routine and emergency whole-body washing and for eye flushing;  Soap;  Single-use towels Decontamination materials are also available in each applicator’s vehicle. It is the responsibility of the applicator to ensure adequate supplies are maintained in the vehicle. The decontamination materials may not be located in an area under restricted entry unless they serve handlers working in that area. In this case, all materials must be protected from contamination. Emergency Assistance If there is reason to believe that a handler or worker may have been poisoned or injured by pesticides, an employer must promptly make transportation to an appropriate medical facility available to that person. Be prepared to provide the victim and medical personnel with:  The product name, EPA registration number, and active ingredient(s);  All first aid and medical information from the label; Integrated Pest Management Program 9 | P a g e  A description of how the pesticide was used; and  Information about the victim’s exposure. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Employers must provide handlers with the PPE as listed on the pesticide label. The employer must:  Maintain PPE in a clean and operational condition;  Make sure it fits correctly;  Make sure handler wears and uses the PPE correctly;  Provide a clean place to put on and remove PPE, and store personal clothing;  Not allow worker to wear or take-home PPE;  Take action to prevent heat-related illness while PPE is worn. Cleaning and Maintaining PPE Employers must make sure:  PPE is cleaned according to manufacturer’s instructions, inspected, and repaired before each use;  PPE that is non-reusable or cannot be cleaned, must be disposed of properly;  Clothing drenched with pesticide labeled DANGER or WARNING are discarded;  PPE must be washed and dried properly, and stored separately from personal clothing;  Respirator filters, cartridges and canisters are replaced as often as required. The handler employer must make sure anyone cleaning PPE is informed of possible pesticide residues on PPE, of the potentially harmful effects of pesticides, and of the correct ways to handle and clean PPE. Equipment Safety Handler employers must make sure that equipment used for mixing, loading, transferring, or applying pesticides is inspected and repaired or replaced as needed. Only appropriately trained and equipped handlers may repair, clean, or adjust pesticide handling equipment that contains pesticides or pesticide residues. Environmental Protection The City of Denton operates under the Pesticides General Permit (PGP, TXG870000) administered by the TCEQ. The purpose of this permit is to regulate the discharge of pesticides to the waters of the United States. Within the City, reporting for PGP compliance is coordinated through the Watershed Protection Division. Any potential adverse incidents involving pesticides should be immediately reported to Watershed Protection and/or PARD. Pesticide use within the City is also tracked to maintain compliance with the PGP. Integrated Pest Management Program 10 | P a g e INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGY Approved Pest Management Strategies Examples of possible and available management strategies among the many methods are listed in the prevention of pest problems.  Strategy and planning;  Cultural practices, avoidance measures, and physical means to manage pest problems; and  Mechanical practices, trapping, biological controls, and use of natural and synthetic pesticides. All the IPM measures ae evaluated and considered together to select the best overall solution to a pest problem. Strategy Management of pests through adoption of Strategy can be highly effective and low in cost. Such policies can often eliminate problems before they begin. Some examples are:  Prioritization of parks for control measures may be considered. Different park areas may have varying standards of acceptable care and appearance. Determining whether a particular park area requires control of pests and the level of that control must take these differences into account. Careful attention to public desires and public needs must be part of this prioritization process.  Establishment of thresholds for action and the tolerance level for different pests are part of the IPM process. These thresholds vary according to plant, pest, site, and park classification. Determinations of action thresholds are made on a case-by-case basis. Design Proper park design is a major way that pest problems can be avoided. While no landscape can be designed to be free of pest management needs, such considerations need to be part of the planning process. Examples are:  Elimination or modification of problematical areas;  Avoiding the use of potentially invasive species;  Proper and adequate spacing of plant material to reduce the incidence of pest problems;  Maintenance of species diversity and elimination of monocultures in plantings where possible;  Elimination of alternate hosts for diseases; and  Establishment of overstory, thick groundcovers and other design techniques benefiting both the establishment of plants and the reduction of weed problems. Plant selection Plant selection is critical in minimizing pest management needs both short- and long-term. Criteria for plant selection include:  Use of disease or pest resistant or tolerant plant species or varieties; and  Removal of invasive or pest-susceptible plants and replacement with varieties of native or adapted pest resistant plants.  Consideration will be given to native plants under favorable conditions and design goals. Cultural practices Proper cultural practices are essential in establishing healthy landscapes and can often help to maintain their resistance to pest problems. Examples are: Integrated Pest Management Program 11 | P a g e  Knowledge of the cultural requirements of plants to best provide proper conditions for optimum plant health and resistance to pests.  Adequate site preparation before landscape installation. This can include soil improvements, pruning of surrounding vegetation, grade adjustments, drainage improvements, and installation of irrigation systems.  Use of disease resistant grafting rootstock or scion wood.  Proper timing and use of water to reduce over or under watering.  Proper timing and use of fertilization to eliminate over and under-fertilization.  Use of cover crops to improve soil structure and reduce soil erosion.  Rotation of plant species in nursery areas to reduce the buildup of pests.  Aeration, over-seeding, and top-dressing to improve turf health and suppress weeds.  Raking and debris removal to remove pest sources.  Pruning and plant removal to promote air circulation and light penetration for plant health.  Removal of diseased, infested, damaged, or dead wood.  Mulching for weed reduction, water retention, winter protection and root zone improvement.  Fan placement for improved greenhouse air circulation. Mechanical and physical controls Mechanical and physical methods are often employed to manage pests. Examples are:  Mechanical edging of turf.  Mechanical clearing of weeds in rough areas.  Hand weeding in shrub beds.  Weed wrenching or loping, or chain sawing invasive trees.  Mowing of rough turf areas for vegetation control.  Traps such as yellow sticky boards for greenhouse insects and traps for mammalian pests.  String trimming to control unwanted vegetation.  Disinfecting materials or equipment to prevent spread of pests. Biological controls Where applicable, biological control is useful to manage pests. Typically, most important is minimizing disruption of natural pest controls that may be present. Examples are:  Introducing insect or disease parasitoids, predators, and microbial products to control pests.  Minimizing the use of disruptive techniques and materials in landscapes that may destroy natural pest control organisms. Naturally derived and synthetically derived pesticides Pesticides are derived from many sources. They vary widely in their characteristics and must be examined individually to determine their suitability within the IPM approach. Examples are:  Placement of pheromone traps.  Disinfecting materials or equipment to prevent spread of pests.  Application of naturally and synthetically derived pesticides. Integrated Pest Management Program 12 | P a g e Criteria for Choosing a Pest Management Method When choosing a pest management method or pesticide material from the approved lists located in Appendix 1-4, all personnel should consider the following factors and any additional factors relevant to the selection. Nature of the site  Erosion susceptibility and potential movement of soil through runoff;  The intended use and function of the landscape;  The feasibility of the method given the area and scope of the problem;  The relative importance and public expectation of a site or plantings; and  Site conditions such as soil type, grade, drainage patterns, and presence of surface water. Possible health and safety effects  Consider both short- and long-term toxicological properties and any other related potential health effects of the materials or methods, both to the applicator and the public;  Equipment operation safety issues for both the operator and the public; and  Worker safety and worker injury issues involved with carrying out the method. Possible environmental effects  Consider both acute and chronic toxicity and any other related potential effects of the material or method to non-target organisms including mammals, birds, amphibians, fish, invertebrates and other organisms;  Environmental effects from potential bioaccumulation;  Potential impacts to non-target plants and other organisms from materials or methods;  Potential impacts to federally listed, threatened or endangered species; and  Possible introduction or establishment of invasive plants. Costs  Costs of the material or method;  Application and labor costs;  Length and quality of pest control; and  Feasibility of using a particular method or product. Characteristics of the product  Target pests and target sites of the product being used;  Possible residual effect, decomposition pathways, rates, and breakdown products;  Volatility and flammability;  Product formulation and package size;  Leachability, solubility, and surface and soil bonding characteristics of the product;  Ease of cleaning equipment after use; and  Positive and negative synergistic effects of pesticide combinations. Special considerations  Application equipment availability;  Method of delivery; Integrated Pest Management Program 13 | P a g e  Current and anticipated weather conditions;  Previous pesticide applications to the site and the interval between treatments; and  Possible development of pest resistance to a particular management method or material. Integrated Pest Management Program 14 | P a g e PEST MANAGEMENT POLICIES Outline of Strategies Licensing and Training Strategy 1 LICENSING, CERTIFICATION, AND CONTINUING EDUCATION OF PEST MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL – Defines the required State of Texas licensing requirements, recertification obligations, and training for PARD applicator personnel. Pest Management Procedures Strategy 2 MANAGEMENT METHODS FOR PEST PROBLEMS- Establishes the IPM methodology and approved strategies. Strategy 3 PESTICIDES APPROVED FOR USE BY DENTON PARKS AND RECREATION PERSONNEL- Describes the approval process for pesticides and details certain pesticides and their control methods. Approved product lists for each unit are in the appendices. Strategy 4 NOTIFICATION OF PESTICIDE USE AT A SITE- Outlines the on-site notification procedures to be used before, during and after applications. Strategy 5 PESTICIDE APPLICATION ON PARK PROPERTY AND STREET RIGHTS OF WAY- Establishes procedures on how to apply pesticides on all park lands. Strategy 6 PESTICIDE APPLICATION RECORDKEEPING- Outlines recordkeeping standards for parks applications. Pesticide Material Management Strategy 7 USE OF REMAINING PESTICIDE SOLUTIONS AND RINSES- Outlines how residual pesticides and rinsates are handled. Strategy 8 STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION OF PESTICIDES- Defines methods and procedures for storage of pesticides. Strategy 9 DISPOSAL OF EMPTY PESTICIDE CONTAINERS AND UNUSABLE PESTICIDES- Establishes provisions for surplus or contaminated pesticides and empty containers. Safety Measures and Emergency Response Strategy 10 USE OF PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND EQUIPMENT- Describes appropriate personal protective clothing and equipment for use by PARD personnel when handling or applying pesticides. Strategy 11 EMERGENCY INFORMATION CONCERNING ACCIDENTAL PESTICIDE EXPOSURE- Defines the procedures followed in responding to inquiries from PARD employees and the public regarding pesticide exposure. Strategy 12 PESTICIDE SPILL RESPONSE- Outlines procedures for unintended releases of pesticides on or off PARD properties. Outlines responsibilities, training, reporting, methods, and materials involved. Targeted Pest Management Strategy 13 TURF BROADLEAF WEED MANAGEMENT- Describes procedures, rationale, and approval process for management of broadleaf weeds in maintained park turf areas. Strategy 14 PESTICIDE APPLICATIONS AROUND COMMUNITY GARDENS- Outlines procedures and limitations of pesticide applications adjacent to PARD Community Garden sites. Strategy 15 WATERWAYS PEST MANAGEMENT- This Strategy defines specific practices, methods and materials approved for use alongside, and within aquatic sites. Strategy 16 VEGETATION MANAGEMENT IN ENGINEERED WOOD FIBER PLAYGROUND AREAS - Defines special pest management practices in wood chip-surfaced playground areas. Integrated Pest Management Program 15 | P a g e Strategy 17 VENOMOUS INSECT MANAGEMENT- Describes how venomous insects such as wasps, bees and hornets on parkland are addressed. Strategy 18 DOG AREA PEST MANAGEMENT- Specifies how pest management in designated dog areas is carried out. Strategy 19 INSECTICIDE USE AND POLLINATOR PROTECTION- This Strategy defines specific practicesand methods when dealing with pollinators, including bees and other insects. Integrated Pest Management Program 16 | P a g e Licensing and Training STRATEGY 1: Licensing, Certification, and Continuing Education of Pest Management Personnel PURPOSE This Strategy defines the education, training, licensing, and certification requirements for applicators who are applying pesticides, or supervising others applying pesticides. BACKGROUND State pesticide applicator licensing assures a level of expertise and familiarity with pest management practices and pesticide materials. While Texas state law does not require this level of licensing for most of the kinds of applications carried out on park lands, PARD is committed to maintaining a high level of expertise in our workforce and chooses to exceed the minimum standards. The continuing education requirements of state licensing also help to keep personnel up-to-date on pest management theory and practice. Therefore, PARD requires that all personnel applying pesticides as their primary duty on parkland maintain a Texas Department of Agriculture applicators license. The Texas Department of Agriculture does allow non-licensed staff to apply pesticides when it is incidental to their primary duties. STRATEGY All PARD personnel applying pesticides or herbicides as their primary duty on park lands shall be certified as state pesticide applicators by passing the Texas Department of Agriculture examinations. Applicators are required to recertify every year by obtaining five continuing education credits; with one credit each from two of the following categories: laws and regulations, integrated pest management or drift minimization. To maximize the value and relevance of the recertification training, PARD will actively seek out educational opportunities for staff. The ultimate responsibility for maintaining a valid applicator license is with the applicator. PARD will keep pesticide applicators informed of approved supplemental education to meet continuing certification and licensing requirements. Unless special arrangements and approvals have been made, all PARD applicators must be full-time employees. Regardless of licensing status, no seasonally employed staff members shall apply pesticides on park land, unless approved by Park Maintenance Manager, following a request from the supervisor of the seasonal employee. Any personnel who does not apply pesticides as their primary duty, and are not licensed applicators, are allowed to apply pesticides as per Texas Department of Agriculture for incidental use. Incidental Use is defined as “A pesticide application on an occasional, isolated, site-specific basis that is incidental to the primary duties of an employee and involves the use of general use pesticides after instruction as provided by rules adopted by the Structural Pest Control Service.” This means that if during the course of their normal duties, i.e. mowing, daily service or maintenance, and they find an infestation of fire ants or wasps, they are allowed by law to apply pesticides to protect park visitors or employees. The application of the chemicals must be in accordance with the manufacturer’s label. In all cases of incidental use, the employee should use the least hazardous, effective method of controlling pests. If chemicals are to be utilized, they must be applied in strict accordance with manufacturer labels of "General Use" products being used. Applications made inconsistent with the label requirements of the general use product may result in penalties being assessed against the individual and/or the certified noncommercial applicator or technician responsible. Integrated Pest Management Program 17 | P a g e Recertification Requirements Licensed commercial, noncommercial and NCPS applicators are required to recertify every year by obtaining five continuing education credits; with one credit each from two of the following categories: laws and regulations, integrated pest management or drift minimization. Change of Information The Texas Administrative Code (rule 7.20) requires all licensees to notify the department within 30 days of any change in the information provided as part of the application for a license. Licensees must submit a change of information form that is signed. You can scan the signed form and email it to license.inquiry@TexasAgriculture.gov, faxed to 800-909-8534 or mail it to Texas Department of Agriculture, Licensing Division, P.O. Box 12847, Austin, TX 78711. This will ensure you receive licensing information from TDA. Recordkeeping Commercial, noncommercial and NCPS applicators shall maintain records of all pesticide applications as required by all applicable local, state, and federal laws. Integrated Pest Management Program 18 | P a g e Pest Management Procedures STRATEGY 2: Management Methods for Pest Problems PURPOSE This Strategy establishes the principles governing PARD's approach to pest management for all its lands. BACKGROUND PARD utilizes the principles of Integrated Pest Management in managing land under its care. IPM is a coordinated decision-making process that uses the most appropriate management strategy on a site- specific basis. The IPM process first determines if a pest needs to be managed, and if so, how best to do it. Key elements of an IPM program are information gathering, well-informed decision making and monitoring of results. Through proper decision making, the IPM process promotes effective, low-risk management strategies to manage pests. The management techniques used in this program include biological, cultural, physical, and chemical. Often a combination of methods is used. The following terms are used as defined: Threshold is used to describe a level of pest presence above which unacceptable amounts of negative plant health impacts, negative environmental impacts, negative effects on infrastructure and assets, intolerable aesthetic impacts, or undue safety risks are likely to occur. Action level is the point at which control measures are necessary to prevent a pest population or its impact from exceeding the threshold. STRATEGY PARD shall employ integrated pest management principles in managing pest problems. Managers, Supervisors, Landscape Technicians, and other licensed applicators shall monitor plant health status, landscape conditions, and the presence of unwanted vegetation. They will assess appropriate thresholds and determine action levels on a site-by-site basis. All licensed applicators shall use approved management strategies to determine an effective, feasible, and economically sound pest management method that does not create undue risk to the public or the environment. If a pesticide is chosen as the best method for pest management, licensed applicators shall choose appropriate materials only from the list of Approved Pesticides specific to their work unit found in Appendices 1-4. The suitability of the material, nature of the site, potential health and safety effects, potential environmental effects, overall costs, characteristics of the product and any other special considerations related to the situation shall be taken into account in this process. After control measures have been made, the site should be monitored to assess any impact and the efficacy of the measures taken. Integrated Pest Management Program 19 | P a g e STRATEGY 3: Pesticides Approved for Use by PARD Personnel PURPOSE This Strategy establishes oversight procedures over all pesticide materials available for use on park land by PARD personnel. It defines the process of selection of pesticides that are approved for use on PARD property. BACKGROUND Pesticides vary widely in their characteristics and not every legally registered pesticide may be appropriate for use on park land. Pesticides must be carefully evaluated for their suitability for PARD IPM use before they are included on a work unit approved list. Only properly evaluated pesticides are placed on approved lists specific to individual work units. Parks and Recreation experience and IPM principles show that it is more desirable to have a specialized selection of products that target specific pests, rather than a smaller number of general-purpose pesticides. This aids in limiting the effects of the control to the target pest only. It aids in reducing the number of resistant pests that may arise from continued use of a small number of controls. It also leads to an overall reduction of pesticide usage required. STRATEGY The PARD Director and Superintendent shall maintain a list of pesticides approved for use by PARD personnel on park property. Once approved, the list “Criteria for Choosing a Pest Management Method,” page 14, shall be used in choosing the proper pesticide for a given purpose. Pesticides shall be chosen after assessing toxicological impacts, environmental impacts, efficacy, feasibility, cost, and all other pertinent aspects of their use within an IPM approach. The PARD Director and Superintendent shall be available for consultation in choosing a pesticide that best meets a defined need. Only pesticides from the approved lists shall be chosen, unless approved otherwise from the PARD Director and Superintendent. The lists shall be reviewed on an ongoing basis so that they are as up-to- date as possible. Any pesticides that are proposed for addition or deletion from the list shall be approved by the PARD Director and Superintendent. The PARD Director and Superintendent will remain current with EPA registration and review activities. A pesticide deleted from the general approved list but placed on the “Use Up Do Not Restock List” is approved for use within specified units until current supplies are exhausted unless otherwise noted. All federal and state pesticide laws shall be adhered to. Deletion of a pesticide due to loss of federal or state registration will be upheld as per the schedule set by law. Use of unauthorized pesticides or use of pesticides for unapproved or illegal applications will be cause for disciplinary action. Parks and Recreation Strategy adheres strictly to all label requirements concerning safe, legal and effective use of pesticides. Applicators must ensure that any pesticides utilized conform to the appropriate approved list. Special consideration is to be taken when implementing pest management methodologies in areas designated as environmentally sensitive areas (ESA). Integrated Pest Management Program 20 | P a g e STRATEGY 4: Notification of Pesticide Use at a Site PURPOSE This Strategy establishes procedures for notification of applications for all pesticide materials being applied by PARD personnel. BACKGROUND PARD understands that park users may want to be informed of pesticide applications. Label requirements for pesticide applications may also mandate that entry to treated areas be avoided for a specific interval. Park users may also wish to find out further information about pest management activities occurring at a park site. To satisfy these needs, all pesticide applications will be accompanied by notification signage and/or site identification method so that park users are made aware of the treatment. STRATEGY It is the Strategy of the City of Denton to notify park visitors of pesticide application sites using various methods of notification. The primary method is the placement of on-site signs. These signs are posted at the time of application and placed in clearly visible locations, at conspicuous entries, at trail heads, and/or application sites. Signs will remain posted for a minimum of 48 hours after the application. The intent of the placement of the signs is that park users will encounter them before they have had an opportunity to enter the treated area. The ONLY exception to the sign postage is for spot spraying applications made with a backpack sprayer, hand-held pressurized sprayer, or granular insecticide targeting an immediate threat (i.e. fire ants). Blue dye will be added to all spot spray application, so park visitors can easily identify the areas in a park that have sprayed. Dye will not be used for broadcast applications. If an entire park has been spayed, it will be noted on the posting signs. PARD will utilize other methods of notification such as electronic postings and public notices placed in public buildings and recreational centers. Notices of broadcast spraying will be posted on the PARD website and/or other applicable communication platforms. The notice will include the location and date of the spraying and the product that was used. A staff contact will be listed to provide additional information upon request. Integrated Pest Management Program 21 | P a g e STRATEGY 5: Pesticide Application on Park Property and Street Rights-of-Way PURPOSE This Strategy establishes procedures for applications for all pesticide materials being applied by PARD personnel. BACKGROUND It is the Strategy of Denton Parks and Recreation for their employees to apply pesticides in a legal manner and to adhere strictly to all precautionary requirements for their use. This Strategy outlines procedures for pesticide application in parks and street rights-of-way that are maintained by PARD employees. All EPA registered pesticides are accompanied by a legal label specific to each product that defines all legal uses. Pesticides must be used according to these label directions. STRATEGY The pesticide must be used only on sites and targets specified in the label. Higher dosages, higher concentrations, or more frequent applications than the label allows for are not permitted and is against state law. Directions for use, safety, mixing, diluting, storage, and disposal, as well as any restrictions on re-entry must be met. The following criteria shall be met when applying pesticides. Some of these are addressed more specifically in other policies.  The label is the law.  Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) shall be used wherever indicated and it must be maintained in a workable and safe condition.  Spray equipment shall be maintained in a safe and operational condition. Where applicable, spray equipment shall be calibrated regularly.  Anti-siphoning devices shall be used when filling large spray tanks.  “Criteria for Choosing a Pest Management Method” will be used in making choices.  Pesticides used shall be chosen from the approved lists as provided for the appropriate work units.  Pesticides shall be applied only when appropriate weather conditions exist.  Notification signs shall be posted in areas where pesticides are being applied.  All applications shall be recorded on approved application record forms. Process for Utilizing Pesticides on Park Property or Street Rights-of-Way i. A park employee identifies or is informed of a pest problem. ii. Thresholds and action levels are determined by a licensed applicator or supervisor for the specific pest problem in question. iii. Management strategies are determined by a licensed applicator. Special situations may require expertise from outside PARD such as university diagnostic laboratories. If pesticides are to be used: 1. Choose the pesticide using the “Criteria for Choosing a Pest Management Method,” and “Approved List of Pesticides” for the appropriate work unit. 2. Check application equipment for safety and mechanical problems, and ALWAYS calibrate before each use. Integrated Pest Management Program 22 | P a g e 3. Check weather conditions. Applications should be done when appropriate wind conditions exist to minimize drift and volatilization. Adjustments should be made for spray droplet size and pressure if conditions warrant. No application should take place where there is unacceptable drift. Application is allowed outside park curfew hours. 4. Post notifications as required except for spot spraying or mound treatment of ants, to inform the public of the application. For specific rules, see the Notification Policy. 5. List re-entry specifications on the signs if required by the label. 6. Apply material according to the label and in accordance with state and federal regulations. 7. Record applications of pesticides on the approved forms. 8. Remove signs after the label designated re-entry requirements have been met or after 48 hours has passed since the application. This is usually when the liquid pesticide has dried, unless indicated otherwise on the label. 9. Evaluate the results of management measures. Integrated Pest Management Program 23 | P a g e STRATEGY 6: Pesticide Application Recordkeeping PURPOSE This Strategy establishes recording and reporting procedures for all pesticide applications taking place on park land by PARD personnel, or any other agency, department, company, or individual whether they are acting as a contractor or acting in a voluntary (approved) manner. BACKGROUND PARD finds that detailed recordkeeping is an essential part of IPM implementation, and is vital in communicating, reporting, and analysis of pest management activities. State law requires that written records be kept for pesticide applications. The law requires that licensed applicators record the details of pesticide applications and keep these records for two years. These records must be stored in a central location and be available for review. STRATEGY It is the Strategy of PARD to record and retain records of all pesticide applications performed on park land. Each application event will require an application form to be completed. The PARD Superintendent should review these on a periodic basis. A master file of these records shall be kept at a central location, such as the office where the licensed applicators work out of and maintained by their supervisor. Each operating unit shall keep a record file related to pesticide applications by their own personnel. Information regarding application of pesticides to park lands by state certified applicators who work for a bonded company and who have been contracted for application shall also be recorded including all information fields required by the TDA. Copies of these records must be provided to the PARD Superintendent upon request. The following information must be included on the recording forms for each pesticide application by an PARD employee: Date of application, application start time, location of site treated, name of applicator, state license number, temperature, wind conditions, equipment used, target pest, total area treated if applicable, names and EPA numbers of all products applied, mix ratio / rate of product per unit, total volume of material applied, coverage rate where applicable, and aquatic buffer designation where applicable. At the end of each calendar year, all pesticide records will be submitted to the PARD Superintendent for pesticide reporting. These will then be collated onto a single form and submitted no later than March to the Watershed Protection Coordinator. Integrated Pest Management Program 24 | P a g e Pesticide Material Management STRATEGY 7: Use of Remaining Pesticide Solutions and Rinses PURPOSE This Strategy establishes procedures for the use and disposal of any pesticide remains generated by PARD applicators. It outlines methods for use of remaining pesticide solutions and rinses in a legal and safe manner. BACKGROUND Applicable laws require that all pesticide solutions and rinses be applied to target areas according to label directions. These solutions and rinses may also be disposed of at an authorized pesticide disposal site. It is the goal of PARD to conduct our pesticide operations so that disposal of remaining material is not necessary. STRATEGY Pesticide solutions and rinses should be applied according to the label directions, and to legal target sites so there are no pesticides remaining. This shall be accomplished by accurately gauging the amount of pesticide needed for the job. PARD promotes the use of advance planning to minimize the number of times it is necessary to switch pesticides in spray equipment. In order to reduce the amount of excess rinsate, it is the Strategy of PARD to rinse equipment only at the end of the spray cycle or when changing to pesticides that are incompatible with those in the tank. It is a legal requirement to fully label all tanks and sprayers containing leftover pesticides at the end of each day. PROCEDURES Following are some considerations to make before beginning an application to assure the proper amount of pesticide is mixed. Advance considerations:  Weather conditions and predictions.  Acreage/square footage of the job site.  Calendar: special events, mowing, irrigation, etc.  Type and size of the equipment appropriate to do the job. When applying the pesticide use the following procedures to reduce and safely store the rinse solution. These are secondary to label information and State and Federal regulation.  Mix only enough pesticide solution to do the job that day.  Use up all pesticide, applying until the tank is empty, or no more solution is coming through the nozzle.  If pesticide mix remains, completely label the tank or sprayer with legal labels for the products used. Also mark the current concentration for each product, the date, and the name of the applicator.  When resuming spray applications, the next time, either use the leftover material, or add dilution water and circulate the mix thoroughly before adding new concentrate.  If spray tank rinsate is created, store the rinsate as make-up water for the next day. The next day's pesticide should be compatible or the same. The same labeling requirements pertain to the rinsate mix. Rinse the sprayer if the following conditions apply: Integrated Pest Management Program 25 | P a g e  It is necessary to use a pesticide incompatible with that previously used.  It is the end of a spraying cycle. Use the following rinse process: 1. Read the pesticide label. The following should not conflict with label information or State or Federal regulations. Contact your supervisor if you see a conflict or have questions. 2. Wear protective clothing, as listed on the label when handling pesticides, pesticide containers, or pesticide equipment. 3. Fill the spray equipment approximately ¼ full with clean water. Shake or agitate so that all inside surfaces are washed. If possible, use the spray hose to rinse the inside surface of the tank. These procedures should coincide with all labels. 4. Spray the rinse water out of the spray equipment onto an approved target area. Rinse water should be run through all hoses, booms, etc. Filters should be cleaned. Because of the dilute nature of the pesticide in the rinse water, a coarse spray can be used and is recommended to save time. Do not “pond” or saturate the soil. 5. If the tank is to be stored, repeat step 3 and 4 above two times until the tank is clean. Cleaning motorized, mechanical sprayers: 1. No pesticide solution shall be left in the tank or any other moving part overnight. 2. Equipment must be cleaned according to manufacturer’s recommendation and in accordance to label recommendations. a. This ensures longevity of equipment and safety measures should the equipment need to be worked on. b. This prevents an environmental hazard should the tank, hoses, or pump begin to leak. Integrated Pest Management Program 26 | P a g e STRATEGY 8: Storage and Transportation of Pesticides PURPOSE This Strategy defines the method and procedure for storage of pesticide materials for all PARD locations and personnel. BACKGROUND Attention to the proper storage is vital to assure public and employee safety, as well as to protect the investment in their purchase. Several agencies are involved in regulating aspects of pesticide storage. No single agency has comprehensive authority. Agencies involved include State of Texas Department of Agriculture, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Texas State Fire Marshall, and the Denton Fire Department. Pesticides will be stored and transported in a manner that reduces the risk of spills, exposure, theft, degradation, contamination, or loss. STRATEGY Pesticides or pesticide containers shall be kept in secure and safe locations in accordance with existing laws. They shall be kept in a secure location and, if possible, in a temperature controlled, well-ventilated area. Areas used for storage shall be labeled and designated for use by work unit supervisors. Pesticides shall be safeguarded from environmental damage such as extreme temperature, photodecomposition or moisture. All pesticides in storage shall be inspected regularly and, if necessary, rotated on the shelf to assure that the oldest dated items are used first. Storage of pesticides shall be in accordance with applicable laws. Individual sites may store pesticides if they are in spill-proof and lockable cabinets and labelled as pesticides. Appropriate containers will be approved by the Park Manager. Pesticides being transported shall be appropriately and safely secured in the vehicle. Only licensed applicators shall transport pesticides. Appropriate spill response supplies must be immediately available. Pesticides shall not be transported in passenger cabs of vehicles where alternatives exist, such as truck beds, truck boxes or vehicle trunks. Integrated Pest Management Program 27 | P a g e STRATEGY 9: Disposal of Empty Pesticide Containers and Unusable Pesticides PURPOSE This Strategy defines the method and procedures for the disposal of pesticide containers and unusable pesticides or those pesticides whose registrations have been totally or partially suspended. BACKGROUND PARD considers proper disposal of unusable pesticides and pesticide containers of the utmost importance to the safety of employees, the public, and the environment. Several governmental agencies regulate pesticide disposal. No one agency has comprehensive authority. Agencies involved include the Texas State Department of Agriculture, Department of Environmental Quality, Environmental Protection Agency, and Occupational Safety and Health Administration. PARD will comply with all relevant laws governing the proper disposal of these materials. STRATEGY PARD shall dispose of pesticides and empty pesticide containers in accordance with all State and Federal regulations and label recommendations. Disposal of pesticide containers and unusable pesticides not in accordance with this Strategy will be cause for disciplinary action. PROCEDURES Read the pesticide label. The following steps should not conflict with label information or state and federal regulations. Contact your supervisor if you determine a conflict or have other questions. Always wear protective clothing when handling pesticides or pesticide containers, as directed on the label. For non-rigid containers including bags, sacks, and boxes 1. Pesticide material must be emptied into application equipment to the extent made possible by physical agitation of the container. 2. Visually verify that residues have been removed. 3. Multiple-rinse non-rigid containers such as paper lined with plastic or foil. 4. Place in a plastic bag and mark as to contents. For rigid containers such as plastic, glass, or metal 1. Pesticide material must be emptied into application equipment to the extent possible by pouring, then visually verifying that the residues have been removed. 2. The container must be rinsed with clean water until clean; the rinse water being poured into the spray equipment. Empty the pesticide and all rinsates into the sprayer before the full amount of diluting water is added to the spray equipment. 3. Place in a plastic bag and mark as to contents. Storage of Containers 1. Containers must be stored in plastic bags in a secure area until they can be taken to a secure collection site. The Park Maintenance Complex is a designated secure collection site. 2. Containers must be transported to and placed in the designated secure container box at the Park Maintenance storage area. Each container product name and size must be recorded by a licensed applicator on the designated form at that time. Integrated Pest Management Program 28 | P a g e 3. An inventory of products will be maintained by PARD. For each container, record the date, name of the pesticide, quantity and size of the container. These records shall be kept at the site, and copies forwarded to the PARD Superintendent and the City’s Risk Manager as required. Disposal of Unusable Pesticides Unusable pesticides are ones that: 1) are damaged through vaporization, freezing, infiltration of moisture to containers or photo decomposition; 2) have exceeded their shelf life; or 3) have visually changed their composition or structure in some manner. 1. The PARD Manager and/or Supervisor should be informed of plans to dispose of pesticides and of results of the disposition. 2. The PARD Manager and/or Supervisor will contact the TDA, the manufacturer or dealer and/or a licensed consultant and find out if the product is still usable. 3. If the pesticide has less activity due to long storage, moisture, or freeze damage, follow the recommendations of the dealer, manufacturer, or licensed consultant and use procedures in this Strategy as they apply. One option could be to apply the material realizing that full control is not achievable using the damaged pesticide. 4. If this option cannot be followed legally, follow recommendations of the dealer or manufacturer or licensed consultant. It is not legal to transfer damaged or altered pesticides to another party for use. It may be necessary to arrange for disposal of the pesticide in a manner recommended by TCEQ. 5. The Pesticide Licensed Applicators are responsible for properly disposing of pesticides according to law and TDA. A record of these disposals should be kept on file for three years. Disposal of Pesticides with Totally or Partially Canceled Registrations (or those which have been removed from approved use by PARD.) 1. The PARD Manager and/or Supervisor shall keep up-to-date on the pesticide regulatory news and respond to pending actions appropriately to minimize or eliminate stocks of unusable pesticides. 2. If unusable pesticides remain in stock, PARD will follow recommendations of the regulatory agencies, manufacturer or dealer in finding a legal user for the pesticide. If the pesticide is unopened and/or still retains its integrity it may be possible to transfer the pesticide to a legally registered bureau, agency, or group to use. 3. It may be necessary to dispose of the pesticide in a manner recommended by TDA and TCEQ. Integrated Pest Management Program 29 | P a g e Safety Measures and Emergency Response STRATEGY 10: Use of Protective Clothing and Equipment PURPOSE This Strategy outlines the requirements for the use of protective clothing and equipment by PARD personnel when undertaking pest management activities. BACKGROUND Use of pest management tools, equipment, and materials may require the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). Use of such equipment is necessary to provide an adequate measure of safety for the applicator. This protective equipment will be clearly defined in the legal pesticide label directions or directives in equipment manuals. When such directives exist, they must be adhered to. Use of appropriate protective equipment may not be so clearly defined for all pest management methods, and in such cases, it is the responsibility of the applicator to determine and employ adequate safety equipment. STRATEGY Personnel engaged in the use of pest management tools, equipment, or materials shall follow all clothing and equipment requirements required to ensure their safety. When using pesticides, the label directives for use of PPE must be adhered to. Use of related power and mechanical equipment must be accompanied by appropriate PPE as determined by equipment manuals or supervisor's directives. Required personal protective equipment appropriate to satisfy specific pesticide label requirements shall be provided by PARD to employees for their use. This may include, but is not limited to: respiratory protection, eye protection, coveralls, rain gear, mixing aprons, chemically resistant boots, gloves, head protection, and hearing protection. Time will be made available to wash up before lunch and at the end of the work shift. The applicator is responsible for cleaning, storing, and maintaining PPE and equipment in a safe and useful manner. Applicators may also provide their own additional PPE if desired, if such equipment and its use has been previously approved by their supervisor. If applicators apply organophosphate and carbamate insecticides in amounts and frequencies determined by Natural Agricultural Safety Data base to require cholinesterase blood tests, PARD will provide for these tests. This testing monitors the potential depletion of the enzyme cholinesterase in the blood, an indicator of exposure to these materials. Integrated Pest Management Program 30 | P a g e STRATEGY 11: Emergency Information Concerning Accidental Pesticide Exposure PURPOSE This Strategy establishes procedures for the proper response to employee and citizen inquiries regarding accidental exposure to any pesticide material used by PARD staff. It defines PARD's response to inquiries concerning adverse health effects as a possible result of accidental exposure to pesticides. BACKGROUND PARD's handling of public inquiries should be prompt, professional, and well-supported. While PARD can answer general questions, PARD does not have medical professionals on staff to address specific medical questions relevant to accidental exposure. This expertise is readily available in the health care community. Therefore, concerns of this nature will be referred to qualified medical personnel for resolution. STRATEGY PARD will inform applicators of proper procedures to be taken in case of pesticide exposure. Anyone inquiring about pesticide exposure will be referred to his or her own personal physician, the Central Texas Poison Center (CTPC), or the Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS). A list of these authorities and their phone numbers are listed in the appendices. Safety Data Sheet (SDS) information about all hazardous substances in the workplace is available to all personnel. This information includes symptoms of exposure, and procedures for handling overexposure to individual pesticides. If symptoms of illness occur during or shortly after applying pesticides, the CTPC should be contacted or the individual should receive medical attention immediately. Non-emergency questions received by PARD shall be referred to the PARD Agronomist and IPM Coordinator. The PARD Manager and/or Supervisor will provide information to the questioner or refer them to qualified individuals or sources for further information. PROCEDURES  Use planning to avoid emergencies and to expedite aid should an accident occur.  Be informed of the symptoms of exposure and the decontamination steps necessary in case of accidental exposure.  Use all safety procedures and protective gear as recommended on the label.  Have a copy of the appropriate label available when applying or transporting pesticides (concentrated and dilute.) In case of a medical emergency related to suspected pesticide exposure:  Handle any emergency situation as per First Aid instructions, or label and SDS.  Call for emergency backup if necessary.  Refer to Central Texas Poison Center.  Take a label for reference for medical personnel if it is necessary to leave the site.  Inform your supervisor as soon as possible.  Inform the PARD Manager as soon as possible. Integrated Pest Management Program 31 | P a g e In response to a non-emergency inquiry:  Respond to questions to the best of your ability.  Refer detailed or technical questions to the Park Manager.  Inform your supervisor. Integrated Pest Management Program 32 | P a g e STRATEGY 12: Pesticide Spill Response PURPOSE This Strategy outlines the objectives, training requirements and procedures PARD personnel should follow in response to an accidental release of pesticides. This applies to all PARD staff involved in applications of pesticides, handling of pesticides, or acting in a communications response role during a spill incident. BACKGROUND Several state and federal regulations apply to an unintentional release of pesticides. Several state and federal regulations apply to an accidental release of hazardous materials. The Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Public Utilities Commission (PUC) regulate the transport of hazardous waste resulting from a spill and the release of chemicals if it occurs when they are being transported. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Texas Commission of Environmental Quality (TCEQ) protect the environment through regulation concerning prevention of and response to the contamination of water, land, and air resulting from a pesticide spill. They are also tasked with the responsibility to make sure that the pesticides are properly disposed of. These regulations are incorporated into the procedures outlined here. Through its Pesticide Spill Response Strategy, PARD strives to take a leadership role as a steward of public land and of the environment. STRATEGY The primary method by which PARD reduces pesticide spills is through prevention. Through planning, preparation, adherence to good work practices, and increased awareness of the potential results of a spill, the possibility of a spill occurring is minimized. PARD personnel will respond in accordance with all governmental regulations, including those of DOT, EPA, TCEQ, OSHA, and this Strategy should an accidental release of a pesticide occur. In performing emergency activities following a spill, protection of both employees and the public, is of great concern, as is protection of property and the environment. Anyone liable for a spill shall immediately clean up the spill or release. The cleanup must use the best available methods to achieve the lowest practicable level of contamination. OSHA, which is concerned with worker protection, has two regulations governing spills. The first one, Hazard Communication, applies to incidental spills that present a low potential of hazard to the worker, the public and the environment. Included are small spills of dilute pesticides, spills of material with granular formulations, and lower toxicity materials. The other regulation, Emergency Response, applies to incidents with a high degree of hazard such as large spills of dilute material, pesticides with higher toxicity, and concentrates in a confined space. An incidental spill becomes an Emergency Response when: 1. The release or spill significantly impacts another agency's functions; 2. The incidental spill precipitates evacuation or curtailing of work; 3. The event causes a negative impact on neighboring facilities or the community; or 4. The spill involves a coordinated effort by local first responders. Integrated Pest Management Program 33 | P a g e Only licensed pesticide applicators can transport or apply pesticides. They will receive training and equipment that will allow them to respond to incidental spills. Spills that require an Emergency Response will be handled by a local HAZMAT team. An assessment and evaluation of the quantity, hazardous level, and impact of each spill will be conducted. Spills will be reported as required by local, state, and federal regulatory agencies. PARD will coordinate response and reporting activities with the local HAZMAT team, the Emergency Management Coordinator, and the Director of Environmental Services. The spill need not be reported immediately if it occurs on a surface impervious to the hazardous material and is fully contained, and if it is completely cleaned up without further incident, including repairing the cause of the spill. The PARD Manager and Supervisor will determine whether these agencies should be contacted. Particular attention should be paid to ensure that a pesticide does not pollute the water supply. A primary aim in following the procedures outlined here is to recover and reuse as much of the spilled pesticide as possible. Any absorbent or other contaminated material from which the spilled pesticide cannot be recovered is hazardous waste and must be labeled, stored and disposed of properly. RESPONSIBILITY AND TRAINING Parks and Recreation has identified three levels of spill response. The levels and their training requirements are described below: Level Description and Training Level I is for individuals who come into indirect contact with pesticides and their use. They must be able to recognize and respond to an emergency by obtaining and passing on information, and by making the appropriate notifications. They will not take an active role in containment and clean up procedures. People at this level will have sufficient training to acquire competency in the following areas: 1. Familiarity with CHEMTREC6 (provides access to technical experts on chemical products and hazardous materials and maintains a large database of Material Safety Data Sheets. CHEMTREC can be reached at (800) 424-9300) and an understanding of their own role in an emergency. 2. An understanding of pesticides as hazardous substances, and the risks associated with them in a spill. 3. The ability to recognize the presence of hazardous material in an emergency. 4. The ability to recognize the need for additional resources, and to make appropriate notifications. People in this category include those Park Managers supervising park operations. These individuals will receive additional training to familiarize them with their role in the case of an emergency. Level II is for licensed applicators that apply or transport small volumes of low to moderately toxic pesticides. This level includes response to incidental spills. Individuals at this level are trained to prevent spills from occurring. Should one occur, they are trained to stop the release, keep it from spreading, and do cleanup. Most of PARD’s licensed pesticide applicators are in this category. Individuals at this level will receive training in addition to pesticide applicators, along with hazard communication and respiratory protection training. They must exhibit competency in the following areas as well as those listed in the base level. Integrated Pest Management Program 34 | P a g e 1. Familiarity with activities which promote spill prevention. 2. Familiarity with the Spill Response Program and their own role in an emergency. 3. Knowledge of safety and health hazards of hazardous materials in a spill. 4. An understanding of basic chemical and toxicological terminology and behavior. 5. Knowledge of work practices that employees can use to minimize risks from hazards. 6. Selection and use of proper personal protective equipment. 7. Identification of symptoms that may indicate overexposure to hazards. 8. Implementation of basic decontamination procedures. 9. Performance of basic control, containment, and clean-up techniques. 10. Skill in determining when a spill is fully cleaned up. Level III training includes individuals who apply or transport over 50 gallons of dilute pesticides, or more than 1 gallon or 10 pounds of concentrate with a danger label. They are trained to stop the release, keep it from spreading and do cleanup. 1. Knowledge and use of spill prevention techniques for larger equipment. 2. Knowledge of hazard and risk assessment techniques. 3. An understanding of basic hazardous materials terms. 4. An understanding of basic chemical and toxicological terminology and behavior. 5. Selection and use of proper personal protective equipment appropriate for more toxic pesticides. 6. Implementation of decontamination procedures. 7. Performance of control, containment and clean up techniques. This level includes the PARD Manager and Supervisor directly overseeing landscaping and ground maintenance and who will be coordinating with officials on notifying regulatory agencies, documenting incidents, ensuring that the cleanup is complete, and making arrangements for disposal of hazardous waste. SPILL PREVENTION PARD personnel will employ a variety of practices to reduce the potential of a pesticide spill. These will include the following: Purchasing When procuring chemicals, a factor in determining which chemical formulation to purchase will be the ease with which it can be cleaned up in the event of a spill. Types of packaging and formulations that may help to prevent a spill from occurring will be factors as well. Characteristics of the pesticide, such as toxicity and reactivity that may affect the seriousness of a spill, will also be considered. Preparation Planning, training of personnel, and acquisition and maintenance of equipment and supplies will be done to reduce the risk of a spill occurring, and to minimize damage should one occur. For example, regular preventative maintenance will be done on sprayers, replacing hoses and valves before they wear out. Work Practices Integrated Pest Management Program 35 | P a g e PARD personnel will use practices to minimize the potential for a spill to occur, and to ease clean up should one occur. For example, pesticides should be placed in a leak-proof container while being transported. PESTICIDE SPILL PROCEDURES Pesticide spills can pose serious threats to human health and cause significant environmental contamination. A thorough knowledge of the appropriate steps to take in the event of a spill will allow you to minimize the potential for adverse effects and may save you a great deal of money in expensive cleanup costs. Always be prepared to handle spills before they occur. It is a good idea to have a spill kit in storage and mixing areas. Contamination can greatly increase when delaying response to a pesticide spill. Spills may be relatively minor, involving one or a few leaking containers. However, major spills, such as when a sprayer overturns spilling its contents, can and do occasionally occur. Regardless of the magnitude of the spill, the objectives of a proper response are the same. 1. ASSESS the situation 2. CONTROL the spill. 3. CONTAIN the spill. 4. CLEAN IT UP. 5. DOCUMENT the spill. (NOTE: Should a release of a pesticide occur, the following guidelines shall be used: Do not clean up the spill if you are not properly trained, if you don’t have proper protective equipment or if doing so would endanger your health or safety.) ASSESS THE SITUATION 1. Out of Control Release: a. Tell bystanders to remain at a safe distance. b. Call 911. Ask for fire; describe the situation as a hazardous materials spill. If there are injured people, ask for an ambulance. If chemical injury is involved, be certain that a copy of the label accompanies the victim. c. Assist injured people. Remove contaminated clothing immediately. d. Determine whether there is an imminently hazardous situation that you can take steps to correct. (For example, it may be appropriate to move the truck away from a waterway or heat source.) e. Contact supervisor. f. If the spill is on a roadway, set up DOT reflectors upwind of spilled materials and divert traffic if possible. g. Remain on site and update the Denton HAZMAT Team as new information develops. 2. Controllable Release and there are no injuries: a. Tell bystanders to remain at a safe distance and initiate control and clean up procedures outlined in CONTROL THE SPILL. You should be also putting on any PPE necessary. 3. Report the Spill Integrated Pest Management Program 36 | P a g e Notification will depend on the hazard level of the product spilled, the nature of the spill and state regulations. Part of preparation should be to know the cleanup procedure and reporting sequence for each product. A supervisor should be notified immediately. As a rule, the Emergency Management Coordinator, Risk Manager, and Watershed Protection Department should be notified for all reportable spills. When you notify authorities of an emergency, have the following information:  The name and phone number of the contact person at the facility where the spill occurred;  The location of the spill and if water is threatened;  The name of the chemical spilled;  If the product is known to be acutely toxic;  The estimated quantity spilled;  The extent of injuries or exposure;  The cause of the spill;  Action taken to control and contain the spill;  Planned cleanup procedures, evacuation and other precautions; and  When the spill occurred. CONTROL THE SPILL When attempting to control the flow of the chemical, do not expose yourself unnecessarily. Always carry protective clothing, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and spill containment equipment when transporting pesticides. Use this equipment when pesticide emergencies occur. 1. Put on protective equipment. 2. Do not allow the material to enter a drain. Survey the area to see if there is a need to place a dam to protect a sewer drain or another waterway. If the pesticide does enter a drain, reduce the flow as much as possible, and call Watershed Protection at 940-349-7123 immediately. If not available 940-349-7000. 3. Stop the flow of the chemical.  If the spill is from a leaky container, position the container to prevent additional spillage.  If the spill is from a leaky valve, isolate the valve and depressurize the tank.  If the spill is from a broken hose shut off valve or pump it may help to loop the hose back into the tank.  If there is a rupture, use duct tape or any other material (such as rags or a patch) to stop the flow of a chemical. 4. Contain the spill using absorbent material. Call the Denton HAZMAT Team to request additional supplies, resources, and assistance if needed. 5. Change or add to your protective equipment as necessary. Put contaminated protective equipment in a plastic bag to transport to your work unit for cleaning. Follow proper decontamination procedures for protective equipment. CONTAIN THE SPILL After the leak has been controlled as well as possible, contain the spilled material in as small an area as possible. With liquid spills, construct a dam to prevent the chemical from spreading. It is particularly important not to allow any chemical to get into any body of water, including storm sewers. Do not hose down the area; this will cause further spread of the chemical. Liquid spills can be further contained by spreading absorbent materials such as fine sand, vermiculite, sawdust, or clay over the entire spill. For Integrated Pest Management Program 37 | P a g e absorbing small spills and minor leaks, kitty litter is particularly useful. (NOTE: Avoid the use of sawdust or sweeping compounds if the pesticide is a strong oxidizer. Such a combination presents a possible fire hazard.) CLEAN UP THE SPILL After the spill has been contained, consult with the Denton HAZMAT Team and Watershed Protection on clean up. 1. For dry material, sweep up the pesticide. 2. For a liquid spill, materials such as absorbent dikes, pillows, and towels can be used to absorb a product. 3. For concentrate spills on pavement, after picking up as much as possible, contain the area and wash the pavement with a small amount of water. Absorb this diluted pesticide and reclaim it. 4. If the soil has been contaminated, contact the Denton HAZMAT Team. The PARD Manager, your supervisor, and you will determine to what degree cleanup should proceed using PARD personnel. You may be asked to remove the contaminated soil. If so, scoop up enough soil to completely remove the pesticide. Place unusable material in a container labeled “Hazardous Waste”. Coordinate the disposal of the material with the Denton HAZMAT Team and/or Risk Management. 5. Contact the Denton HAZMAT Team if it has not been done already. Have the Spill Incident Report ready so that your supervisor and the PARD Manager can evaluate the situation. DOCUMENT THE SPILL 1. Complete a Pesticide Spill Incident Report. 2. A copy of the report will be filed with the PARD Manager and Supervisor directly overseeing landscape and ground maintenance operations. 3. All Pesticide Spill Incident Reports will be reviewed by the PARD Manager and Supervisor. A debriefing of the incident will be held with staff and additional training will be provided based on the nature of the incident. 4. Restock the Spill Kit Pesticide Spill Kit Response Equipment The following items must be immediately available to all persons applying or transporting pesticides: 1. Hard copies or mobile access to the following information:  Chemical labels for materials being transported;  SDS for chemicals being transported clipped to front of binder;  Pesticide Spill Response Procedures and Incident Report;  A DOT Emergency Response Guidebook; and  Emergency phone numbers 2. A radio, other two-way communication device, or cellular phone if there is the potential of a spill occurring that would require assistance. 3. Personal protective equipment appropriate for handling the pesticides being applied or transported in the event of a spill. 4. An eyewash either on the truck or on site and immediately available in the case of an emergency. 5. Tools and supplies to make repairs to the application equipment and to stop leaks. Integrated Pest Management Program 38 | P a g e 6. A means of picking up spilled material. Depending on the formulation this may include absorbent material, broom and dustpan, or shovel. 7. Plastic recovery bags and ties for the material and for contaminated personal protective equipment. 8. A jug of water and detergent. Integrated Pest Management Program 39 | P a g e Targeted Pest Management STRATEGY 13: Turf Broadleaf Weed Management PURPOSE This Strategy defines the management of weeds in the managed turf areas in the City of Denton parks and recreation areas and the use of selective turf herbicides by an applicator. BACKGROUND For turf to function in the manner it was intended, appropriate maintenance standards may require management of weeds within these sites. While the subject of overall turf health is a topic too complex to cover in detail within this Strategy, the management of weeds in designated turf sites shall be regulated by this Strategy. The establishment and maintenance of quality turf requires a proper site, good root zone conditions, optimum fertility levels, adequate irrigation, correct mowing practices, and other factors. PARD relies primarily on attention to these siting and cultural factors in maintaining turf and minimizing the density of weeds. Adherence to good cultural practices aids in development of healthy stands of turf which resist establishment of weeds. Selective herbicides can also be used as effective tools to reduce or eliminate populations of weeds in turf as part of an overall program of turf health maintenance. Examples of turf health practices currently employed by PARD:  Proper siting.  Site and soil preparation.  Drainage improvements.  Pruning of adjacent plants for increased sunlight penetration.  Proper selection of grass varieties.  Core aeration.  Overseeding.  Mulch mowing to leave clippings on site.  Mowing at the proper height and frequency.  Proper irrigation practices.  Proper fertilization.  Application of selective broadleaf and grassy herbicides. STRATEGY Turf plays various important functions in our parks. When an area has been determined to be maintained as turf, it is the Strategy of PARD to do so primarily through the implementation of proper planning, cultural, and mechanical practices. These practices are generally adequate to keep the population of turf broadleaf weeds at acceptable levels. At certain sites these practices alone may not be adequate to keep broadleaf weeds at acceptable levels. An acceptable level of turf quality and tolerance of weed infestation varies with the site. The threshold at which controls may be necessary shall be determined on a case-by-case basis taking into consideration such factors as location, public expectation, the manner of activities taking place on the turf, the history of previous control attempts, and stresses placed upon the site. The management effort must consider and employ all applicable cultural and mechanical methods as components of a plan to return the turf to an acceptable level of Integrated Pest Management Program 40 | P a g e quality. Goals of these methods may include reducing soil compaction, improving soil structure, seeding, increasing drainage capacity, and encouraging healthy and vigorous turf growth through proper fertilization. PROCEDURES For proper IPM, it is essential that there be proper coordination between all the components of turf health management. To ensure this coordination, all applicators must first obtain authorization from the appropriate supervisor listed below before herbicides are used. PARD Parks and Recreation applicators: 1. Athletic fields: Program Supervisor 2. Parks: Landscape / Ground Maintenance Manager Appendix 5 outlines the general maintenance schedule for turf management. Several factors can affect the adherence to the schedule including but not limited to the following: Special Considerations By its nature, the use of herbicides in turf requires their application to sites that have varied and direct public uses, often involving children and pets. These applications must be carefully planned to allow for careful adherence to the pesticide label directives, and to minimize any potential impacts on these users. Time of Day Applications should be made during the best time of day to avoid public use, high temperatures, and wind. Applications can be made as early in the day as possible or after park hours. Applicators should consider off schedule timing, such as shifting work hours so that spraying can be completed before conditions and park use makes applications problematic. Minimizing public inconvenience and public concern should be of paramount importance. Scheduling Conflicts Any proposed applications should consider the expected use of the area for that date and time, such as nearby school activities, recreation activities, athletic field scheduling, park special events, and all other anticipated uses. Signage Notification signage is of utmost importance in turf applications. The nature of a typical turf site is open and with easy public access. As stated in the Integrated Pest Management Program Notification of Pesticide Use at a Site Strategy 4, signage should be adequate to inform any park user approaching the area. Seasonal Timing Wherever possible, applications should be timed to coincide with the ideal time for turf weed control. This is typically during the spring and fall months, where weed growth is active and conditions leading to turf stress, such as dry and hot weather, are not present. Integral to IPM is knowing specific weed life cycles in order to have effective control. Integrated Pest Management Program 41 | P a g e Drift Minimizing drift is critical in turf weed applications. Use of boom sprayers instead of backpack sprayers may increase the potential for drift. Great care should be taken to minimize any possible drift. Applications should cease if any drift inducing condition becomes apparent. Use of appropriate pressure, correct nozzles and other techniques should be employed to minimize creation of small spray particles that may drift. Targeted applications Where warranted spot spraying for turf weeds should be employed. While there are sites that will require an overall broadcast application, there are sites where only certain areas will require treatment. Applications should be focused on the target weed as much as practicable. Integrated Pest Management Program 42 | P a g e STRATEGY 14: Pesticide Applications around Community Gardens PURPOSE This Strategy defines acceptable and unacceptable use of pesticides within and near park areas designated as community gardens. BACKGROUND Pest management in or near park areas designated as community gardens necessitates special considerations. The Community Garden Program’s participants have varying levels of knowledge about pest management methods and have differing views about the use of pest management materials. Community garden plots are near one another and may change ownership from year to year. Community gardens also produce edible crops which dictate special constraints in managing pests. For these reasons, a special Strategy was formulated and defines the acceptable use of pesticides within Community Gardens. STRATEGY  PARD staff will work in coordination with the Community Garden Committee to establish guidelines regarding garden plot use by participants of the program.  PARD staff shall establish internal guidelines regarding pesticide use by participants of the program.  PARD aims to dedicate 50% of the community garden plots for organic use only. The plots will be strategically located to protect the integrity of organic methods and practices.  Park employees are asked to take all precautions necessary to keep applications, including any drift, of all pesticides at a minimum from the outside perimeter of Community Garden sites.  Mechanical means, such as cutting, hoeing and mulching, are the preferred method to remove or control weeds in the Community Garden sites and perimeters. Integrated Pest Management Program 43 | P a g e STRATEGY 15: Waterways Pest Management PURPOSE This Strategy establishes procedures for use of any pesticide materials being applied by PARD personnel adjacent to, or upon Denton’s waterways. BACKGROUND This Strategy was written in conjunction with Watershed Protection division’s personnel. It is the intent of PARD to cooperate with Watershed Protection to protect water quality in Denton’s streams and reservoirs. STRATEGY It is the strategy of PARD to use all measures to protect the city water supply from contamination through pesticides. PARD employees will provide any information needed by the Watershed Protection division and policies and will notify the Watershed Protection Department prior to any spraying of pesticides within or near creeks, rivers, streams, lakes, or any waterways. Some of the regulations in the strategy deal with the following:  Applications of pesticides will not be made if there is unacceptable drift.  The Watershed Protection division will be notified if there is a spill or accident that causes unplanned release of pesticides into waterways or environmentally sensitive areas. Refer to the Parks and Recreation Spill Strategy for the appropriate response actions.  The applicator will contact the Watershed Protection division for known pesticide applications to be made in areas inside or near creeks, rivers, streams, lakes, or any waterways. The information should include the pesticides expected to be used, the locations of use, and the frequencies of application. GENERAL GOALS AND PHILOSOPHY PARD recognizes the special importance of the rivers, streams, ponds, water quality facilities and wetlands that fall under our stewardship. The sensitive nature of such habitats, their plant and animal communities, and their direct link with other waterways require that we establish specific policies to ensure their health. The PARD Integrated Pest Management Program outlines special procedures and clear guidelines and limitations regarding maintenance methods and materials for both these waterways and the park lands adjacent to them. As in the rest of the Integrated Pest Management Program, an integrated approach will be used in all landscape management decision making MANAGEMENT PRACTICES, MATERIALS AND LIMITATIONS FOR PARKS WATERWAYS AND BUFFERS Definitions The buffer zone referred to in this Strategy is defined as a corridor of land between the top of the stream bank and the edge of the waterline at the time of application. Application Equipment Used Pesticide delivery for all listed areas in this Strategy will be carried out by hand with directed, low volume, single wand sprayers, wiping, daubing and painting equipment, injections systems, or drop spreaders. Typically, this is done by backpack sprayers, but may also include sprayers with larger fill tanks as long as the same kind of hand application methods is used. These methods of delivery result in Integrated Pest Management Program 44 | P a g e low volume applications and low-pressure spraying. This minimizes the formation of fine mists that might be carried off target. These practices ensure that applied materials will reach targeted plants or targeted soil surfaces. Pesticide Drift When applications of pesticides are being made within the buffer zone, great care will be exercised in the process. Managing drift is of particular importance when surface waters are nearby. Equipment used in the application shall employ all necessary methods to limit drift. Nozzle size, pressure regulation, droplet size, and height of spray wand, are all techniques that can be modified to reduce unwanted drift of pesticides. Spray applications will not be allowed in the buffer area when:  Wind speed is above 5 mph, and  Wind direction or activity would carry pesticides toward, or deposit them upon open water. Pesticides Available To more clearly regulate any possible aquatic impacts, the pesticides available for use in buffers and aquatic sites will be reduced in scope from the general park list. Only aquatic-labeled pesticides may be used within buffer zones or waterways. Choice of pesticides utilized take into account any possible effects on aquatic life as well as tendencies to move in the environment. In addition, applicators must research the impacts of each pesticide before use and get approval from the direct supervisor. Materials available for tree injections in buffer zones: In the event a pest or disease threatens the health of important and valuable trees within a buffer zone, there may be a need to treat them. Instances of this occurring are rare. However, in these special cases, the use of injectable pesticides may be employed when necessary, with the following limitations. The pesticide applied must be delivered by methods that inject or otherwise distribute the material entirely within interior tree tissues. Pesticides will not be injected into the soil surrounding the tree. Tree surfaces will not be sprayed or treated with pesticides. The insecticides and fungicides used in these injection systems shall be approved by the PARD Manager in consultation with the Watershed Protection Coordinator and the Urban Forrester. The intent and limit of this exception to the approved buffer zone pesticide list is to allow only the insecticides or fungicides necessary to combat direct threats to the health of valuable trees. Materials for all other areas: PARD’s approved pesticides may be used outside the waterway and buffer zones, where not otherwise prohibited by this Strategy. Recordkeeping Requirements All regular application recordkeeping requirements will be adhered to for all pesticide applications. This includes date and the time intervals of the application, temperature and wind conditions, location of application, materials used, concentrations used, amount applied, coverage rate, equipment used, applicator information and license number. Integrated Pest Management Program 45 | P a g e Personnel Requirements All those applying pesticides to PARD lands must be Texas Department of Agriculture licensed applicators. Application of pesticides to aquatic sites will only be done by licensed personnel who have received an additional aquatics license certification. Changes to the Strategy A need may arise for modifications or additions to this Strategy. There are several methods available to accomplish this. PARD representatives will develop an IPM strategy to deal with the threat. If this strategy involves the need for any pesticide applications within buffer zones or waterways that are not already outlined in the current Strategy, PARD will consult with Watershed Protection regarding the proposed modifications. Integrated Pest Management Program 46 | P a g e STRATEGY 16: Vegetation Management in Engineered Wood Fiber Playground Areas PURPOSE This Strategy defines acceptable practices for managing vegetation in playgrounds areas. The Department is transitioning over to Engineered Wood Fiber (EWF) as its preferred playground safety surface, as it meets ASTM and CPSC guidelines for safety surfacing and ADA accessibility. As EWF consists of specially manufactured wood chips, they also pose a special need for more attention for staff to address the following approved vegetation management methods and materials in these specific areas. BACKGROUND In all our IPM activities, PARD seeks to minimize any potential impacts to our park users while still providing responsible, effective, and efficient care for our facilities. EWF playground areas focus attention on our activities and require a special set of best management practices to benefit both PARD and park users. STRATEGY All PARD personnel are required to adhere to this Strategy when they are undertaking weed management activities in playground areas and their immediate borders or margins. Weed control in these play areas will be accomplished primarily through the use of the wood chip mulch. To function as both a safe surface for play and as an effective weed barrier, this chip layer should be kept at the established minimum depth. If the mulch layer is not adequate for weed control it should be amended as soon as is practicable. Mulch layers that have broken down over time and provide a medium for good weed growth should be replaced or amended with fresh chips. Broadcast spraying of herbicides will not be used to control vegetation in play areas. Manual weeding is usually adequate to keep weeds from establishing within the chipped areas. Effort shall be made to respond quickly to weed presence so that this kind of control will be feasible and effective. Use of powered weed control equipment, such as line trimmers and tillers, may be used in chipped areas to control weeds, but careful attention to the dangers they present must be taken. This kind of equipment should not be used when nearby park users may be put at risk. Playground/turf interface borders will be maintained by hand or mechanical means. Establishment of a structured border is preferred and encouraged for installation where possible as it provides a lower maintenance interface between play areas and turf. These structures also reduce weed and turf infiltration. When manual and mechanical methods are ineffective in controlling weeds, spot spraying will be used. Spot spraying will be applied in accordance within all applicable strategies. The need to control other pests, such as insects or diseases, can occur. One example would be the presence of venomous stinging insects such as yellowjackets in the play area. In these circumstances, the use of a targeted insecticide to eliminate the immediate safety hazard may be required. All other applicable PARD Pest Management Program policies and approved pesticide lists apply in this case. Integrated Pest Management Program 47 | P a g e STRATEGY 17: Venomous Insect Management PURPOSE This Strategy defines acceptable practices for managing venomous insects such as hornets, wasps, yellow jackets, and bees in PARD park landscapes and grounds. While these insects will not always cause problems, their presence in some locations, such as playgrounds, can create immediate and serious public and staff safety issues. More importantly, individuals with bee and wasp venom allergies may be presented with life-threatening situations if they are stung. To properly address these safety concerns, park employees may be faced with the need to apply insecticides within a short time frame. These control activities and use of insecticide require adherence to the special rules outlined in this Strategy. BACKGROUND Wasps, hornets and yellow jackets may quickly establish nests above and below ground in both natural areas and in developed parks. European honeybees form above ground nests and may also form swarms when seeking new nest sites. Not every wasp or bee nest creates a problem for our users or staff. Public threat is dependent on insect species, nest location, time of year and other factors. Yellowjackets and some wasp species can be particularly aggressive towards people, especially near their nests. Other wasps, such as paper wasps are less aggressive and are more benign depending on location of their nest. Honeybee swarms generally do not create a large stinging potential as bee behavior is altered during this time. Nest location is also important when determining threat. Nests located near walkways, buildings, playgrounds or similar sites are more problematic than those located in remote areas. Nests in areas where vegetation management or restoration planting is being carried out can also create problems. Wasp behavior may also vary with the time of year. Yellowjackets will exhibit increased defensive behavior as the season progresses. Normally, yellowjacket and paper wasp colonies only live one season. Honeybee nests usually persist from year to year. STRATEGY Evaluation When wasp or bee nests are discovered on PARD property, staff should evaluate the safety threat they pose. If the nest is considered to create a safety hazard for park users or staff, isolation and control measures should take place. Nests that create an immediate hazard, such as those near playgrounds, community centers, walkways, trails and work sites, should be addressed as soon as possible. Other criteria that may constitute a hazard are nests that have been disturbed and nests sites with aggressive insects. Nests occurring within inhabited structures such as community centers create an immediate safety hazard and control of these should be immediately referred to a qualified professional contractor. Isolating nests or swarms Where possible, nests or swarms that present an immediate public hazard should be isolated by either signage, cones, taping, flagging, or by other means, so that the area of danger can be avoided by park users. The barriers used in isolating the insects from the park users should stay in place until the nest is eliminated or the swarm is removed. Make sure that signage is in place to warn the public. Honeybee swarms and nests When discovered, honeybee swarms should be marked as described above until the bees have been collected. Qualified bee removal businesses should be contacted to collect the swarm. Honeybee swarms should not be sprayed with insecticides. Unless location of the nest presents a hazard, Integrated Pest Management Program 48 | P a g e honeybee nests should be tolerated where possible. If removal is required, qualified contractors should physically remove nests when feasible. Spraying of honeybee nests should be a last resort. Spraying wasp and hornet nests Aerosol jet stream products labeled for use on wasp and hornet nests can be effective against both yellow jackets and paper wasps, but they must be used with extreme caution. Non-toxic products can also be effective in eliminating nests. Wasps will attack when they sense an application to their nests, and even freeze-type products are not guaranteed to stop every individual. For this reason, extreme caution must be used when nest applications are taking place. The following practices should be adhered to:  Nests should be sprayed at night or before dawn, when all members of the hive are present and most passive. Daytime spraying is not recommended except in certain emergency cases where the public is not placed at risk from increased hive activity.  Nests should not be disturbed before treatment. Disturbed nests should not be approached.  Nest location should be isolated as described above. Isolated area devices must be left up until the nest has been eradicated.  Nests that are situated high in trees, or in otherwise difficult to access locations should be treated by professional contractors, or by qualified staff in the Urban Forestry department. Do not attempt to control a nest if you cannot easily do so.  Nests in structures, building, tree cavities, etc., should be treated by professional contractors only.  PARD staff may use a non-toxic formula or wasp and hornet spray that is available at the local store, providing that they follow the directions on the label for use. Approved sprays will contain synthetic pyrethroids as their active ingredient. Products with other active ingredients are not approved for use by PARD staff.  All applications shall be documented as per the Strategy 6: Pesticide Application Recordkeeping. Approved applicators In general, park staff with valid TDA pesticide applicator licenses with an insecticide category endorsement should be the designated employees carrying out applications. However, there may be instances where these employees are not available, and a nest presents an immediate health and safety threat to the public or staff. In these instances, available personnel with TDA pesticide applicator licenses of any category are approved to use jet spray wasp and hornet products to treat nests. In rare emergency safety situations where no licensed personnel are able to respond in a timely fashion, other personnel may be approved to carry out an application, but only if they have had prior supervisor approval, prior training in the safe use of these sprays, and instruction in the proper management of wasps and bees. Staff members with known wasp or bee allergies will not carry out any wasp or bee control. Use of traps When venomous insects are a continuing serious problem at a site from year to year, use of traps to target emerging queens/ swarms can be considered. Trapping queens / swarms during the emergence period has the potential to provide an overall reduction in the venomous insect population for the season. Traps should be installed, monitored, and removed by experienced PARD staff or under Texas Apiary Inspection Service (TAIS) permitted activity. Integrated Pest Management Program 49 | P a g e STRATEGY 18: Dog Area Pest Management PURPOSE This Strategy defines acceptable practices for managing pests in City of Denton dog parks. Park users are invited to bring their dogs to recreate in the parks, either as a designated off-leash area (OLA), or as an on-leash area, therefore pest management in these areas needs to reflect this use. Pest management decisions, methods, and material use should be carried out in a way that maintains public and dog safety and allows for responsible stewardship of park property. BACKGROUND There are many sites in the City of Denton parks, some are fenced, some are unfenced, and all are open from 6 AM to 10 PM. All sites are signed with dogs on or off leash. For the purposes of this Strategy, OLA sites consist of: 1. An officially designated fenced dog off-leash area, including the fence line. 2. An officially designated unfenced dog off-leash area within the boundary markers. By their nature, and from the impact of concentrated dog activity, OLAs can create pest management problems such as increased weeds in turf and the need to control weeds along fence lines. Other pest issues that arise in OLAs are the presence of noxious, poisonous, allergenic, or incompatible weeds, and venomous insects and their nests. Proper management of these pests needs to be clearly defined to minimize any potential risks to dogs and their owners and to minimize interference with OLA use by the public. STRATEGY Expected pest management issues arising in the OLAs consist of:  Weeds along fence lines, in tree circles, in shrub beds, around park structures and amenities, and in the turf.  Management of allergenic or poisonous weeds such as poison ivy.  Venomous insect management. OLAs may need to be closed temporarily so that necessary maintenance work does not impact owners and pets. Temporary signage will be located at OLA boundaries or fencing to alert users in advance of closures. Pesticide applications will be accompanied by notification signage and mandated reentry intervals as defined in Strategy #4 (Notification of Pesticide Use at a Site). Herbicide use in fenced OLAs When it is necessary to apply herbicides within fenced OLAs, great care should be used to time and locate the application to minimize interference with public use. Ideally herbicide use should be as infrequent as possible and would take place when dogs are not present. When herbicides are to be used inside fenced OLAs or along the interior or immediate exterior of their fence lines, the OLA should be closed, and dogs excluded. Closure should be maintained until the reentry requirements as mandated on the product label have been satisfied. This interval typically requires that people and pets be kept out of the area until the sprayed surface has dried. Normal application notification signage as mandated in Strategy #4 should be used. To the extent possible, additional temporary signage will be located outside OLA fencing to alert users in advance of closures. Integrated Pest Management Program 50 | P a g e Herbicide use in unfenced OLAs When it is necessary to apply herbicides within unfenced OLAs, great care should be used to time and locate the application to minimize interference with public use. Ideally herbicide use should be as infrequent as possible and would take place when dogs are not present. Standard notification as mandated in Strategy #4 (Notification of Pesticide Use at a Site) must be employed. Label directives for reentry must be adhered to, and dogs and people must be excluded from application areas until the interval has been satisfied. Since unleashed dogs are difficult to exclude from large areas, this may necessitate applications that are small in scope to allow for this level of oversight. To the extent possible, additional temporary signage will be located outside OLA boundaries to alert users. Turf broadleaf control OLAs taken out of service may receive selective herbicides as part of an overall turf renovation program but only within the oversight of Strategy 16: Turf Broadleaf Weed Management and the specific approval process it requires. Use of pre-emergent herbicides To be an effective barrier to weed seed germination, pre-emergent herbicide sites need to be left undisturbed after they are applied. Since the activity of dogs in an OLA disturbs soil surfaces and reduces or eliminates the effectiveness of a pre-emergent application, their use in areas of concentrated disturbance sites, such fenced OLAs, is often not effective. However, there may be need for pre- emergent use in less intensively impacted areas. Insecticide use As is the case at most park properties, general insecticide use is not expected in areas that dogs are permitted to be, either as an off-leash or on-leash area. However, there may be emergency situations created by the presence of venomous insects such as yellow jackets, wasps, bees, fire ants, and their nests. These insects can create serious safety issues for people and their pets. Control of these insects and any use of insecticides must take place as described in the Venomous Insect Management Strategy. Nest demarcation guidelines and the response process as described in that Strategy are of heightened importance in these areas since dogs not in control by their owners may be at increased risk from an active nest site. Mechanical equipment All aspects of park user safety and dog safety should be considered when determining a particular weed control method for a given site. Mechanized weed control equipment such as string trimmers can create hazards such as flying rocks and debris. Dogs may be at risk when they approach the work area. Care should be exercised when using this equipment. Integrated Pest Management Program 51 | P a g e STRATEGY 19: Insecticide Use and Pollinator Protection Pollinators, including bees and other insects, play a vital function in both agricultural and natural systems. Their conservation is an important element in the IPM program. Use of any insecticide in the landscape has the potential to impact pollinators in both direct and indirect ways, therefore great care must be taken when considering the use of any insecticide. In most cases, insects do not threaten the long-term health or viability of park turf, trees and shrubs and do not require active management. This strategy provides a process to begin to determine if an insect pest should be managed, and if so, what method or material is the most responsible choice. INSECT MANAGEMENT DECISION MAKING ELEMENTS: A. Assess insect impact and significance The significance of problematic insect impacts must be determined before active management is considered. PARD’s Grounds Maintenance Division’s primary IPM approach to insect management is to tolerate the presence of the insect where possible. The vast majority of insect infestations do not threaten the long-term health or viability of park trees and shrubs. Many are simple nuisance infestations or cause only marginal harm. Others may present only short-term impacts or are merely unsightly. These kinds of insect problems do not threaten the intended function of the green asset to a significant degree. The proper IPM approach for these pests is tolerance of the pest, or replacement of the plant with a non-susceptible plant when possible. Therefore, in these instances, insecticide use is not warranted. Insecticide use can be considered for pests that present significant risks to the long-term viability or essential function of important plant assets. They can also be considered for use in the case of insects that threaten the health and safety of park users in which case PARD response may need to be rapid and effective. The way these insecticides are chosen and employed must adhere to the careful pollinator stewardship practices detailed within this policy. B. Evaluate all IPM methods and materials If insect control interventions are determined to be required, all IPM approaches must first be evaluated for suitability. These include: 1. Planning/Design: Where feasible, eliminate the problematic plants and replace them with naturally resistant plants. If a plant is unsuitable for the conditions at a site, it may increase its susceptibility to a specific insect problem. The best long term IPM approach is to employ plants suited to the existing growing conditions. 2. Cultural: Cultural practices that either improve the growing conditions or are protective of the planting can be important elements in the management of some kinds of insects. 3. Physical: Various physical approaches such as the use of barriers are generally minimal in impact to non-targets and may offer adequate control of certain pests. 4. Biological: For certain insect pests, a reliance on biological controls may be possible. Where feasible, this can offer the ideal long-term solution to pest problems. Special attention to good stewardship of naturally occurring insect predators should be made. There are also instances where commercially reared insect predators can be released to combat a specific pest. 5. Natural and synthetically derived insecticides: Insecticides can be part of an IPM approach, but careful attention must be made in choice and use. In general, the least ecologically disruptive and lowest risk materials should be favored but the full complexity of IPM assessment rationale must be considered before choice and use. These considerations include but are not limited to: Integrated Pest Management Program 52 | P a g e a. Potential safety and health risks of the product as it will be applied, both in the short and long term. b. Potential environmental risks, including risks to non-target organisms including bees and pollinators. c. Potential disruption of the landscape, garden, natural area, and urban forest ecosystems including impacts on natural insect predators. d. Individual insecticide characteristics such as toxicity, persistence, bioavailability, break down products, volatility, inert ingredients, and environmental movement. e. Differing application methods, such as injections, sprays, and drenches. f. Efficacy of the insecticide, and the need for repeated treatments. g. Feasibility of use to address a specific pest. h. PARD will not approve the use of neonicotinoid products found to harm or kill non- targeted bees. Integrated Pest Management Program 53 | P a g e APPENDICES APPENDIX 1: Approved Pesticide List for Parks Use Following are lists of pesticides that are approved for use in specific work units in parks. A comprehensive IPM approach allows for the choice of ideal materials for specific needs. IPM also anticipates the need to managing pest resistance with rotations of products with differing modes of action rather than relying on a “one material fits all” approach. Most of the pesticides are not used in a typical year or are used in a minimal way. It is also important to understand that pesticide applications are used after many other IPM strategies have first been either employed or considered. Most PARD pest management practices never involve the use of pesticides. Similarly, a majority of park acreage never receives any kind of pesticide application. Other IPM strategies PARD employs include prevention of pests through strategy, design and selection, and management of pests through cultural practices, physical means, and mechanical methods. All pesticides available for use within parks must first be placed upon an approved list after undergoing a review process that carefully examines the individual characteristics of the product and whether it would be an appropriate addition within our program. Issues of efficacy, public health and safety, potential environmental impacts, overall plant health requirements, land management needs, and other concerns are taken into account during this process. Applicators within a specific work unit must then make their choices of materials from their own approved list. Individual work units have different responsibilities and pest management requirements for the lands under their care. The individually tailored approved lists reflect these differences. The following lists of approved pesticide materials are specific to each work unit. PARD applicators must choose only from currently listed products. Only state licensed applicators may apply pesticides in Denton Parks. Use of pesticides by non-licensed personnel, such as, but not inclusive of, Wasp spray and Fire Ant powder, may be used as an incidental application . Use of pesticides must occur under adherence to the PARD Integrated Pest Management Program policies and oversight. Pesticide use must adhere to all produ ct label directions. Format: Product trade name (active ingredient) Description of purpose and use within IPM program. PARK USE APPROVED LIST Areas of pest management: Pocket, neighborhood, community, and city parks. Open space / trails. Cemeteries. Landscaping. HERBICIDES  Celsius WG - Safe and effective control of both a large list of broadleaves and many grassy weeds. This is our primary choice due to its effectiveness and safety level. Integrated Pest Management Program 54 | P a g e  Certainty - Controls many grassy weeds. It will be used primarily for nutsedge, both purple and yellow.  Dimension - Pre-emergent product with some post control of goose grass in the 2-3 leaf stage.  Finale – A non-selective post-emergent for the control of a broad spectrum of annual and perennial grass and broadleaf weeds.  Fusilade – Selective post emergent that controls unwanted perennial and annual grass weeds such as Bermuda grass without injuring desirable broadleaf plants; primarily used in landscape beds.  Gallery 75 DF (isoxaben) - Used on shrub beds, tree circles, and other areas. Can be used in combination or rotation with oryzalin to broaden the spectrum of weeds prevented.  Manage - Nutsedge control.  Pendulum (pendimethalin) – Pre-emergent control of most annual grasses and certain broadleaf weeds as they germinate in any turfgrass site (lawns, sod, turf areas).  Primo Maxx – Turf growth management that reduces the frequency of mowing and the amount of grass clippings by reducing the vertical growth of warm and cool season turfgrasses. Useful in the management of difficult to mow areas and can be used to minimize the need for edging along sidewalks, curbs, parking lots, flower beds, fences, and around posts, park structures, and trees.  Prodiamine - Pre-emergent weed control, especially effective on Poa annua (annual bluegrass) in the fall and winter.  Reward – Non-selective herbicide that manages weed problems in aquatic, ground maintenance, and landscaping areas.  Ronstar – A pre-emergent for control of many annual grasses and broadleaf weeds such as crabgrass, goose grass, field sandbur, annual sedge and bluegrass.  Sedghammer - Nutsedge control.  Snapshot – Pre-emergent product for control of certain broadleaf weeds and annual grasses in shrub and groundcover areas as well as the mulch area of perennial beds.  Specticle - Pre-emergent weed control with the longest residual (up to 6 months) of any other pre-emergent herbicide.  Sureguard – A pre-emergence and early post-emergence herbicide for control of selected grass and broadleaf weeds.  Surflan AS, WDG (oryzalin) - Used in shrub beds, tree circles, fence lines and other park areas for weed control. A primary liquid form pre-emergent product.  TributeTotal - A combination of Celsius, Sedghammer and Revolver; most effective in controlling dallisgrass in the fall. FUNGICIDES  Subdue – A turfgrass disease control for Pythium blight.  Banrot - A broad spectrum fungicide that will control root and stem rot diseases caused by Rhizoctonia, Phytophthora, Pythium, Fusarium, and Thielaviopsis.  Daconil - Controls various fungal diseases including anthracnose, leaf spots, blights, and rots on many different species of plants. Integrated Pest Management Program 55 | P a g e  Cleary’s 3336F - Prevents and controls turf diseases and the diseases of annual and perennial flowers, bedding plants, foliage plants, ground covers, and deciduous and evergreen trees and shrubs. INSECTICIDES  Acephate - Acephate is reserved for use in the treatment of severe infestations of aphids, leaf miners, caterpillars, sawflies, thrips, and the individual treatment of red imported fire ant mounds.  Advion - Fire ant bait. It’ll only effect the ants and eradicates them in 24-72 hours. It is an extremely safe product that protects patrons and pets from fire ants.  Aerosol Wasp Sprays, Misty Wasp and Hornet Killer (pyrethroids) - Directed jet sprays used for individual wasp and hornet nest treatments posing health and safety threats to park users.  Bacillus thuringiensis – Used to control mosquito and fly larva in standing water primarily ponds, streams, and around retainage / drainage areas. Product is usually in the form of a briquette.  Beneficial nematodes - Predatory nematodes for insect control treatments for susceptible targets where needed.  Delta Guard – Low dose granules to control ants, armyworms, centipedes, chiggers, chinchbugs, cockroaches, field and mole crickets, beetles, scorpions, spiders, and ticks.  Extinguish – Bait used to control imported and native fire ants.  Horticultural Oils (Sun Spray, Dormant Oil) - Spray oils primarily used as "dormant oils" applied before bud break in the spring to control pests on fruit and shade trees. Dormant oils are very effective against the eggs of certain mites, aphids, and scale insects that overwinter on fruit and shade trees. A new generation of more highly refined horticultural oils also known as” all seasons spray oils" or “summer oils” can be safely used on many plants during the growing season.  Lada – Versatile insecticide registered to control over 50 insect pest including aphids, lacebugs, leaf beetles, and leafminers.  Tempo - Used against flying pests such as wasps and yellow jackets, crawling pests like ants and centipedes, as well as various beetles and moths. MITICIDES  Avid - For control of leafminers and mites and suppression of aphids, whiteflies, and thrips on ornamental plants.  Mavrik – For control of various mites, worms, weevils, and beetles as well as whiteflies, ants, crickets, and chiggers. RODENTICIDE  Just 1 Bite – Used to control rodents such as mice and rats. Integrated Pest Management Program 56 | P a g e MISCELLANEOUS  Blue Spray Pattern Dye – Color dye used for application to all types of turfgrasses to make spray patterns visible.  Non-Ionic Surfactant – A wetting agent that helps soils to quickly and evenly absorb water by breaking the water’s surface tension, allowing water molecules to spread for greater and faster water penetration. As a wetting agent, nonionic surfactants are often mixed in with potting media to ensure easy water absorption into plant soil.  Antifoamer / Defoamer – Used to provide effective, high performance foam control at very low concentrations under normal foaming situations in recirculating sprayers and in other high agitation equipment.  Neutralize Tank Cleaner – A cleaning and rinsing agent used to remove pesticide residues from spray equipment. Proper cleaning of equipment helps to reduce exposure to products, avoid cross contamination of incompatible products, and prevents damage to rubber, plastic, and other soft sprayer parts. Integrated Pest Management Program 57 | P a g e APPENDIX 2: Athletic Field Services Approved List Areas of pest management: Athletic fields such as softball, baseball, football, and soccer fields. HERBICIDES  Celsius WG - Safe and effective control of both a large list of broadleaves and many grassy weeds. This is our primary choice due to its effectiveness and safety level.  Certainty - Controls many grassy weeds. It will be used primarily for nutsedge, both purple and yellow.  Confront – For the control of annual and perennial broadleaf weeds in established turfgrass.  Finale – A non-selective post-emergent for the control of a broad spectrum of annual and perennial grass and broadleaf weeds.  Manage - Nutsedge control.  Reward – Non-selective herbicide that manages weed problems in aquatic, ground maintenance, and landscaping areas.  Ronstar – A pre-emergent for control of many annual grasses and broadleaf weeds such as crabgrass, goose grass, field sandbur, annual sedge and bluegrass.  Sedghammer - Nutsedge control.  Sureguard – A pre-emergence and early post-emergence herbicide for control of selected grass and broadleaf weeds.  TributeTotal - A combination of Celsius, Sedghammer and Revolver; effective in controlling dallisgrass in the fall. INSECTICIDES  Acephate - Acephate is reserved for use in the treatment of severe infestations of aphids, leaf miners, caterpillars, sawflies, thrips, and the individual treatment of red imported fire ant mounds.  Advion - Fire ant bait. It’ll only effect the ants and eradicates them in 24-72 hours. It is an extremely safe product that protects patrons and pets from fire ants.  Delta Guard – Low dose granules to control ants, armyworms, centipedes, chiggers, chinchbugs, cockroaches, field and mole crickets, beetles, scorpions, spiders, and ticks.  Extinguish – Bait used to control imported and native fire ants.  Talstar – Controls various ants, crickets, chinch bugs, and spiders.  Tempo – Used against flying pests such as wasps and yellow jackets, crawling pests like ants and centipedes, as well as various beetles and moths. MISCELLANEOUS  Blue Spray Pattern Dye – Color dye used for application to all types of turfgrasses to make spray patterns visible.  Non-Ionic Surfactant – A wetting agent that helps soils to quickly and evenly absorb water by breaking the water’s surface tension, allowing water molecules to spread for Integrated Pest Management Program 58 | P a g e greater and faster water penetration. As a wetting agent, nonionic surfactants are often mixed in with potting media to ensure easy water absorption into plant soil.  Antifoamer / Defoamer – Used to provide effective, high performance foam control at very low concentrations under normal foaming situations in recirculating sprayers and in other high agitation equipment. Integrated Pest Management Program 59 | P a g e APPENDIX 3: City Urban Forestry Approved List Areas of pest management: trees on streets, parks, other city property, and UF nursery operations. HERBICIDES  Garlon 3A, Remedy, Greenlight Tough Brush Killer (triclopyr) - Selective products for woody, difficult to control perennials, also for invasives and habitat restoration.  Manage (halosulfuron-methyl) – Nutsedge control.  Scythe (pelargonic fatty acid) - Minor use desiccant used for top-kill of early-stage, easily killed weeds.  Surflan AS, WDG (oryzalin) - Used in nursery, shrub beds, tree circles, fence lines and other park areas for weed control. A primary liquid form pre-emergent product.  Tordon - Used to control weeds, unwanted brush and trees e.g. Chinese privet. FUNGICIDES  Alamo (propiconazole) - Trunk injection product for certain high value elms.  Arbortect (thiabendazole) - Trunk injection product for certain high value elms.  Daconil (chlorothalonil) - Disease control on high value trees in special situations. Typically not used, but retained for unusual, short term use where long term plant health is affected. INSECTICIDES and MITICIDES (Street trees do not routinely receive scheduled insecticide or miticide treatments.)  Aerosol Wasp Sprays. Misty wasp and hornet killer (pyrethroids) - Directed jet sprays used for individual wasp and hornet nest treatments posing health and safety threats to park users.  Azatin XL (azadirachtin) - Neem tree extract used for insect growth regulating and anti-feeding effects. Typically not used, but retained for unusual, short term use where long term plant health is affected.  Bacillus thuringiensis - Primarily for lepidopterous insects, although subspecies can be used for other targets. Typically not used, but retained for unusual, short term use where long term plant health is affected.  Beneficial nematodes - Predatory nematodes for susceptible targets where needed. Typically not used, but retained for unusual, short term use where long term plant health is affected.  Conserve (spinosad) - Typically not used, but retained for unusual, short term use where long term plant health is affected.  Floramite (bifenazate) - Miticide as part of a carefully implemented plan to keep mites at non- injurious levels. Typically not used, but retained for unusual, short term use where long term plant health is affected.  M-Pede, Safer Insecticidal Soap, others (soaps) - General soft body insect control. Typically not used, but retained for unusual, short term use where long term plant health is affected. Integrated Pest Management Program 60 | P a g e  Sunspray, others (horticultural oils) - General insect control both for dormant and growing season use. Not typically used in general parks. Typically not used, but retained for unusual, short term use where long term plant health is affected.  Tempo SC Ultra (cyfluthrin) – Used to control leaf eating insects on young and ornamental trees. Typically not used, but retained for unusual, short term use where long term plant health is affected.  TREE-age (Emamectin Benzoate - Used as a systemic trunk injection to treat emerald ash borers. MISCELLANEOUS  Activator 90, R-11, LI 700, Hasten, others (spray adjuvant) - Surfactant used in solutions to enhance spray coverage and increase efficacy.  No Foam (anti-foaming agent) - Silicon-based, reduces foaming, used in large agitated spray tanks.  Turf Trax, Signal, others (marker colorant) - Used in spray solutions to temporarily mark application. Integrated Pest Management Program 61 | P a g e APPENDIX 4: City Parks and Recreation – Natural Areas Approved List Areas of pest management: natural area parks. Herbicides are only used in natural areas along soft surface trails, generally 12 inches on each side, to prevent vegetation encroachment. Trails surfaces must be maintained for the safety of trail users and to allow access to maintenance and public safety vehicles. Hard surface trails are maintained primarily by mechanical means such as edging. Herbicides may also be used in natural areas in response to a maintenance or safety concern/complaint. In these cases, all available natural, manually, and mechanical means will be explored first. The least toxic herbicide will be used to address the pest. HERBICIDES  Garlon 3A – For the control of woody plants, broadleaf weeds, and vines.  Reward – Non-selective herbicide that manages weed problems in aquatic, ground maintenance, and landscaping areas.  Scythe – A non-selective contact herbicide used to control vegetation. INSECTICIDES  Aerosol Wasp Sprays, Misty Wasp and Hornet Killer (pyrethroids) - Directed jet sprays used for individual wasp and hornet nest treatments posing health and safety threats to park users.  Bacillus thuringiensis - Used to control mosquito and fly larva in standing water primarily ponds, streams, and around retainage / drainage areas. Product is usually in the form of a briquette.  Horticultural Oils (Sun Spray, Dormant Oil) - Spray oils primarily used as "dormant oils" applied before bud break in the spring to control pests on fruit and shade trees. Dormant oils are very effective against the eggs of certain mites, aphids, and scale insects that overwinter on fruit and shade trees. A new generation of more highly refined horticultural oils also known as” all seasons spray oils" or “summer oils” can be safely used on many plants during the growing season. Integrated Pest Management Program 62 | P a g e APPENDIX 5: Park Maintenance Schedule and Control Methods City of Denton Parks and Recreation Department PARK CLASSIFICATION PLAN TURFGRASS MAINTENANCE MAINTENANCE TASK Class AA Class A Class B Class C Class D Mow, edge, and trim 2 times per week Mow at 1.5 – 2”, clippings not collected 36 mowing cycles per year every 7 days at 2.5-3”, clippings not collected. Leaves are shredded and returned to soil. 32 cycles per year every 7 days through the growing season. Mow at 2.5 – 3”, clippings not collected leaves are shredded and returned to soil. 5-7 mowing cycles. Mow at 4-6” clippings not collected. Leaves are shredded and returned to soil. As needed to maintain an identified particular natural state or within City code Fertilization 4-5 lbs of Nitrogen per 1000 sf per year 3 lbs Nitrogen per 1000 sf per year in 2 applications – In conjunction with Athletic field fertilization 3 lbs Nitrogen per 1000 sf per year in 2 applications – In conjunction with Athletic field fertilization None None Irrigation Minimum of 1” per week, repairs w/in 24 hours. Potential increase watering due to drought or ryegrass transition. Deep watering cycles recommended Approximate 1” per week, repairs within 48 hours. As needed or immediately after fertilization –Water Truck None None Aerification 5 times per year in conjunction with fertilizer applications As needed As needed None None Over-seed/sod Over-seed Ryegrass on athletic fields Oct. 1 Sod during field renovations Overseed all bare areas in turfgrass once during growing season. As needed None None Leaf Removal Mow & mulch Mow & mulch Mow & Mulch None None Pesticide Program: - Herbicide - Insecticide - Fungicide January, February, March January, February, March January, February, March As needed to maintain an identified particular As needed to maintain an identified particular Integrated Pest Management Program 63 | P a g e - Rodentcide Pre-emergent for summer grassy weeds. (Oxidiazon) Non selective herbicide on infield skinned surfaces and transition areas during the growing season Spot treat broadleaf and/or grassy weed infestations during from March until December May and August - Broadcast treatment for fire ants with Advion, Extinguish, or Award II, 1lb per acre. Spot treat for fire ants during the warm season. April - September Monitor and treat for pest infestations such as Grub Worms, Army Worms and other pesticides detrimental to plant health or public safety. Non-selective herbicide on dormant Bermuda Pre-emergent for summer grassy weeds (Barricade Dimension, Specticle, or Pendimethalin May and August - Broadcast treatment for fire ants with Advion, Extinguish, or Award II, 1lb per acre. Spot treat for fire ants during the warm season April – September Monitor and treat pest infestations such as Grub Worms, Army Worms and other pests that detrimental to plant health or public safety. August and September Pre-emergent for winter weeds by October 1. Non-selective herbicide on dormant Bermuda Pre-emergent for summer grassy weeds (Barricade Dimension, Specticle, or Pendimethalin May and August - Broadcast treatment for fire ants with Advion, Extinguish, or Award II, 1lb per acre. Spot treat for fire ants during the warm season April – September As need, dependent on location, pest and amount of infestation August and September Pre-emergent for winter weeds by October 1. natural state or within City code. natural state or within City code. Integrated Pest Management Program 64 | P a g e Fertilizer & Aerification Program February 15-0-5 with pre- emergent for control of summer weeds March A single application of fertilizer should take place. 1 lb of N per 1000sf. Aerification of turf should be done just prior to application of fertilizer May A single application of slow release fertilizer should take place Aerification of turf should be done just prior to application of fertilizer. July A single application of fertilizer should take place Aerification of turf should be done just prior to application of fertilizer. August, September A single application of slow release fertilizer should take place Aerification of turf should be done just prior to application of fertilizer. April, May, June A single application of fertilizer should take place by mid- May. It should be applied at 1 pound of N per 1000 sf. Aerification of turf should be done just prior to application of fertilizer. July, August, September One application of fertilizer should take place during this period in mid- July. It should be applied at 1 pound of N per 1000 sf. Aerification of turf should be done just prior to application of fertilizer. Treat as needed to prevent loss of turf None None Action Threshold Practice physical and mechanical controls that promote good turf health practices, such as over- In some cases, pests can be tolerated and are only considered a nuisance. In some cases, pests can be tolerated and are only considered a nuisance. As needed to maintain an identified particular natural state or within City code. Measures will be taken for vegetation encroachment on soft surface trails. Integrated Pest Management Program 65 | P a g e seeding, topdressing, aeration, etc. Other measures will be taken prior to infestations to prevent degradation of the aesthetics, to eliminate rapidly declining plant health, to eliminate negative impacts on athletic programs and/or a threat to the public (wasps, mosquitos, etc.) Chemical control such as spot treatments will be used when infestation is widespread, invasive, and affects the health and safety of the environment. Measures may be taken when infestations are present and are detrimental to plant health and a threat to the public’s safety. Physical / mechanical means will be used first in controlling pests. Chemical control such as spot treatments will be used when infestation is widespread, invasive, and affects the health and safety of the environment. This primarily impacts active areas such as playgrounds, hard surface trails, and around public buildings. Vegetation is critical for stream stabilization and is tolerated in specific locations. Measures may be taken when infestations are present and are detrimental to plant health and a threat to the public’s safety. Physical / mechanical means will be used first in controlling pests. Chemical control such as spot treatments will be used when infestation is widespread, invasive, and affects the health and safety of the environment. This primarily impacts active areas such as playgrounds, hard surface trails, and around public buildings. Integrated Pest Management Program 66 | P a g e City of Denton Parks and Recreation Department PARK CLASSIFICATION PLAN TREE / SHRUB MAINTENANCE MAINTENANCE TASK Class A Class B Class C Class D Tree Trimming Remove low limbs as needed for safety & equipment access. Only hazardous limbs as needed. Only hazardous limbs as needed. Only hazardous limbs as needed. Shrub Trimming Complete trim 5-7 times per year. Complete trim 5 times per year. Not performed Not performed Pesticide Program. As needed to prevent loss of plant material. As needed to prevent loss of plant material. Not performed Not performed Fertilization 2 times/year Not performed Not performed Not performed Stump Removal As needed when higher priority projects are completed. As needed during winter. As needed during winter. Only hazardous trees as needed, others maintained for wildlife habitat. Action Threshold Choosing proper plant material and practicing proper planting methods, fertilizing, mulching, etc. Other measures will be taken prior to infestations to prevent degradation of the aesthetics, rapidly declining plants, and/or hazardous situations to the public (wasps, mosquitos, etc.) In some cases pests can be tolerated and is only considered a nuisance pest. Other measures will be taken prior to infestations to prevent degradation of the aesthetics, rapidly declining plants, and/or hazardous situations to the public (wasps, mosquitos, etc.) As needed to maintain an identified natural state or within City code. None Invasive woody species such as Running Bamboo Phyllostachys aurea, Privet Ligustrum sinense, and Nandina Nandina deomestica will be controlled when staff determines that the species impedes visibility within parks and poses a threat to the safety and welfare of park users and service workers. Invasive species may be removed in an effort to reclaim parkland for active use such as open fields, playgrounds, picnic areas, and trails. It may also be removed in efforts to improve the environmental quality and encourage the establishment of native plant species. Integrated Pest Management Program 67 | P a g e City of Denton Parks and Recreation Department PARK CLASSIFICATION PLAN FLOWERBED/PLANTING MAINTENANCE MAINTENANCE TASK Class AA & A Class B Class C Class D Planting/Bed Preparation 2 changes per year, when color is present. Not performed Not performed Not performed Fertilization At planting; Bi- monthly after planting when color is present Not performed Not performed Not performed Cultivation 2 times per year for color change outs Not performed Not performed Not performed Mulch Apply every 18 months or as needed (not in color beds) Apply every 18 months or as needed Not performed Not performed Pest Control Treat as needed to prevent loss of plant and degradation of appearance. Treat as needed to prevent loss of plant material. Not performed Not performed Action Threshold Choosing proper plant material and practicing proper planting methods, fertilizing, mulching, etc. Other measures will be taken prior to infestations to prevent degradation of the aesthetics, rapidly declining plants, and/or hazardous situations to the public (wasps, mosquitos, etc.) Choosing proper plant material and practicing proper planting methods, fertilizing, mulching, etc. Other measures will be taken prior to infestations to prevent degradation of the aesthetics, rapidly declining plants, and/or hazardous situations to the public (wasps, mosquitos, etc.) Not Applicable Not Applicable Integrated Pest Management Program 68 | P a g e Park Facility and Asset Maintenance – The following maintenance plan and schedule has minimal pesticide programing but is an integral component to a proactive approach in the prevention and reduction of insect and rodent pests. Proper maintenance helps to eliminates favorable environments for pests through cleanliness and inspections help in early detection / identification of pests prior to infestations reaching threshold levels. City of Denton Parks and Recreation Department PARK CLASSIFICATION PLAN PARK LITTER CONTROL MAINTENANCE TASK Class A Class B Class C Class D Pick up ground trash & litter; empty receptacles Pick up trash and litter 5 days per week. All year Weekend trash route at more populated parks Pick up trash, litter and other debris twice per week from April through October. From November through March, pick up trash in all conspicuous park areas once per week. All year Weekend trash route at more populated parks Pick up trash, litter and debris from all conspicuous park areas weekly from April through October, monthly from November through March. Remove illegal dumping as needed. Integrated Pest Management Program 69 | P a g e City of Denton Parks and Recreation Department PARK CLASSIFICATION PLAN ROAD & PARKING LOT MAINTENANCE MAINTENANCE TASK Paved Lots Unpaved Lots Inspect Weekly Weekly Repair As needed depending upon severity. As needed depending upon severity. Sweep 2 times/year or as needed Edge Per mowing schedule Per mowing schedule Weed Control Apply pre-and post- emergent herbicides as needed to control unwanted vegetation growing in expansion cracks. Apply post-emergent herbicides three times per year. Crack Fill As needed Seal Coat/Overlay As needed Grade As needed Clean culverts and drain pipes Monthly or as needed Quarterly or as needed Striping/marking and wheel stops Repaint every 2 years City of Denton Parks and Recreation Department PARK CLASSIFICATION PLAN PLAYGROUND MAINTENANCE MAINTENANCE TASK Class A & B Initial Audit High frequency inspections Low Frequency inspections New Installation Weekly - Litter control, redistribute attenuating surfacing, free of vegetation and debris 6 times per year – loose or broken parts, component durability Repair As needed, immediately after receiving parts Integrated Pest Management Program 70 | P a g e City of Denton Parks and Recreation Department PARK CLASSIFICATION PLAN PARK AMENITIES MAINTENANCE MAINTENANCE TASK Class A, B, C, D Clean restrooms Restroom maintenance & repairs Clean and restock daily Work order within 24 hours Inspect Drinking Fountains Weekly during season of use – Mar 15 – Nov 15 Clean shelters and Picnic Pavilions Pressure Wash Weekly or clean when reserved for special events As needed Vandalism/Graffiti Address within 48 hours of notification earlier if inappropriate graffiti Water Features Mechanical (Fountains) Natural (Ponds. Lakes) Inspect weekly when in use. Inspect quarterly & maintain as needed. Inspect and/or repair benches, tables, grills Monthly or as needed Inspect and/or repair park and directional/street signs Quarterly or as needed Inspect and/or repair fencing Quarterly or as needed Inspect and/or repair security & parking lot lighting Monthly or as needed Inspect and/or repair swimming pools Daily or as needed during season Pre & Post season inspection of major repairs. Inspect and/or repair neighborhood tennis nets, net covers, striping, and backboards. Monthly or as needed Inspect and/or repair traffic barriers (post & cable, bollards, gates, handrails) Monthly or as needed Inspect and/or repair bridges. Quarterly or as needed Inspect Hike & Bike / Rail Trail Quarterly or as needed Inspect and/or repair sidewalks Quarterly or as needed Creeks and drainage ditches As needed Integrated Pest Management Program 71 | P a g e City of Denton Parks and Recreation Department PARK CLASSIFICATION PLAN ATHLETIC FIELD MAINTENANCE MAINTENANCE TASK Class AA & A Baseball Field Annual Off-Season Maintenance Grounds Maintenance - League play, good quality, maintain safety standards Maintained - Restroom/Concessions Safety Check (lights, glass, fence, bleachers) Pitcher Mound Field Lights Evers, Denia, N Lakes, F. Moore Roberts Field & Mack Parking Lot Scoreboards Trades Maintenance Program Turf Irrigation Systems Parking lots Ballfield lights Bleachers Fences & Backstops Parking Lot Striping Restrooms & Concessions Scoreboards -Once a year add clay or amendment if needed. -Till up clay area to break up hard spots. -Blade clay areas to proper grade. -Remove any silt build up along grass and fence lines. -Check outfield grass area for high and or low areas, and for large cracks, silt in material if needed. -As scheduled for games -Permanent cleaned daily Portable serviced bi-weekly. -2-3 times per week -As scheduled for games -Infield 30 foot-candles -Outfield 20 foot-candles -50/30 -As scheduled for games -Replace bulbs as needed. -Monthly inspections & repairs as needed. -Quarterly inspections -Monthly inspection & bulb replacement (if needed). -Quarterly inspections -Quarterly inspections -Yearly inspections -Plumbing, electrical and structural repairs as needed. -Annual off-season service or as needed Softball Field Annual Off-Season Maintenance Grounds Maintenance - League play, good quality, maintain safety standards Maintained - Restroom/Concessions Safety Check (lights, glass, fence, bleachers) Pitcher Mound Lights -Once a year add clay material if needed. -Till up clay area to break up hard spots. -Blade clay areas to proper grade. -Remove any silt build up along grass and fence lines. -Check outfield grass area for high and or low areas, and for large cracks, silt in material if needed. -As scheduled for games -Permanent cleaned daily - Portable serviced weekly -2-3 times per week -As scheduled for games -Infield 30 foot-candles Integrated Pest Management Program 72 | P a g e Denia, Evers & North Lakes Parking Lot Scoreboards Trades Maintenance Program Turf Irrigation Systems Drinking Fountains Parking lots Ballfield lights Bleachers Fences & Backstops Parking Lot Striping Restrooms & Concessions Scoreboards -Outfield 20 foot-candles -As scheduled for games -Replace bulbs as needed -Monthly inspections -Quarterly inspections -Winterize November 15-March 15 -Quarterly inspections -Monthly inspection & bulb replacement (if needed). -Quarterly inspections -Quarterly inspections -Yearly inspections -Plumbing, electrical and structural repairs as needed. -Annual off-season service or as needed Soccer/Football/Rugby Fields Grounds Maintenance - League play, good quality, maintain safety standards Maintained - Restroom/Concessions Safety Check (lights, glass, fence, bleachers) Lights Parking Lot Trades Maintenance Program Turf Irrigation Systems Parking lots Ballfield lights Bleachers Parking Lot Striping -Line with paint weekly. -As scheduled for games -Permanent cleaned daily & portable serviced bi-weekly -2-3 times per week -20 foot-candles -As scheduled for games -Monthly inspections -Quarterly inspections -Monthly inspection & bulb replacement (if needed). -Quarterly inspections -Yearly inspections Integrated Pest Management Program 73 | P a g e APPENDIX 6: Pesticide Spill Incident Report Integrated Pest Management Program 74 | P a g e APPENDIX 7: Product Label and Safety Data Sheet Labeling, provided by the manufacturer, gives additional information concerning the pesticide product. Labeling includes booklets, brochures, flyers and other information as distributed by the pesticide dealer or manufacturer. The Safety Data Sheet (SDS) is a document containing chemical hazard and safety handling information prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standard. An SDS attached to the product becomes part of the label and must be followed. Label The label is the printed information on or attached to the pesticide container. It verifies EPA approval, offers information on proper medical treatment for poisoning and provides guidelines for correct application and use. The label identifies the pesticide as general or restricted-use and lists specific sites for the intended applications. By law, a pesticide can only be applied to a site that is identified on the label, even though specific pests may not be indicated. A site can be a crop, animal or location the product is intended to protect. Everyone, including experienced applicators, should review the label prior to purchasing, mixing, applying, and storing or disposing of the pesticide or empty containers. Pesticide Label Requirements EPA and the Texas Department of Agriculture (TDA) require certain items be included on pesticide labels. 1. Brand, trade or product name: A single pesticide active ingredient may be marketed at the same time under several brand names. Brand or trade names are indicated on the front panel of the label and are used in advertisements. 2. Ingredient statement: Every pesticide product label must include the active and inert ingredients, including percentage by weight. Often, the chemical name of the active ingredient is stated. If an approved common name of the active ingredient exists, it may be listed and followed by a chemical name. The names of inert ingredients sometimes are not stated, but the label must indicate their percentage to the total contents. Product Name Active Ingredients(s) ................................... % Inert Ingredients ................................... % Total: ................................... 100% This product contains lbs. of per gallon. 3. Classification statement: Pesticides are classified based on hazards, intended use and effect upon the environment. General-use pesticides are less likely to harm the user or environment when used according to the label and do not require a license to apply. Restricted- use pesticides have a greater potential to harm the environment or the applicator when not used as directed. Restricted Use Pesticides (RUPs) contain a label such as the example here. You must have a TDA applicator license to purchase and use restricted-use pesticides. RESTRICTED USE PESTICIDE Due to (insert reason) For retail sale to and use only by Certified Applicators or persons under their direct supervision and only for those uses covered by the Certified Applicator’s certification. Integrated Pest Management Program 75 | P a g e 4. Keep out of reach of children: Every pesticide label must include this statement on the front panel. This warning must be heeded. 5. Signal words and symbol: These indicate the relative toxicity of the active ingredient to humans and should appear on the front panel of a label. The signal words, in order of increasing toxicity, are caution, warning and danger. Danger indicates highly toxic products. The word poison and the skull and crossbones symbol also are associated with products having the danger signal word. 6. Manufacturer: The name and address of the manufacturer, registrant or formulator who makes the product must be printed on the label. If the registrant’s name appears on the label and the registrant is not the manufacturer, it must be qualified by appropriate wording such as “packed for...”, distributed by...”, or “sold by...”. a. Registration number: An EPA registration number is proof the label was approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. b. Establishment number: An establishment number identifies the specific facility that produced the product. 7. Directions for use: Instructions for applying the pesticide provide rate of application, site (crop, animal, location, etc.) it is intended to protect, pests controlled, mixing directions, when and where the material is to be applied, and necessary application equipment. 8. Precautionary statements: Guide the applicator in taking proper precautions to protect humans or animals that could be exposed. Sometimes listed under the heading “Hazards to Humans and Domestic Animals.” This area will include information about how pesticides may enter the body and any protective clothing or equipment the applicator should use. 9. First Aid: First aid treatment guidelines are recommended in this statement in case of over- exposure. This information should be read before the product is used, and again in case of an emergency. 10. Environmental hazards: Special warning statements on the label cover hazards to the environment. Examples: “This product is highly toxic to bees,” or “This product is highly toxic to fish,” and “Do not allow drift to contact non-target plants or trees.” 11. Reentry statement: Indicates how much time must pass before a person can enter a treated area without appropriate protective clothing. 12. Storage and disposal statement: Pesticide inventories should be stored securely, preferably under lock and key, and separate from food and feed supplies. Pesticides and empty containers must be disposed of according to TDA and EPA regulations. 13. Net contents: Identifies the amount or weight of pesticide in the container and should be displayed prominently on the front of the label. EPA Registration No. ______ [Registrant Name] EPA Establishment No. _____ [City, State, Zip] Integrated Pest Management Program 76 | P a g e APPENDIX 8: Emergency and Information Phone List Fire, Ambulance, HAZMAT – Dial 911 For Medical Emergencies & Immediate Health Concerns:  City of Denton Emergency Management – 940-349-8836  Texas Poison Center Network- 24 hours call 1-800-222-1222  TCEQ - Texas Commission on Environmental Quality 24 hour spill reporting 1-800-832-8224 http://www.tceq.texas.gov/ Informational Phone Numbers  PARD Grounds Maintenance Division – 940-349-7464  Watershed Protection Department – 940-349-7153  NPIC - National Pesticide Information Center, 1-800-858-7378 http://npic.orst.edu/ provides general information on pesticide products, including safety, health, environmental effects, clean up and disposal.  Texas Department of Agriculture, 512-305-8907 http://www.agr.state.tx.us/ provides information on pesticide products and registration, conducts pesticide use investigation, and applicator licensing and certification. To Report Pesticide Exposures: Texas Department of State Health services (DSHS) 512-458-7111 Provides confidential investigations, consults with health care providers and provides clean up and exposure prevention information. Integrated Pest Management Program 77 | P a g e APPENDIX 9: Glossary Action level The point at which control measures are necessary to prevent a pest population or its impact from exceeding the threshold. Aeration The provision of air to the soil. Amphibian Any of a class (Amphibia) of cold-blooded vertebrates (as frogs, toads, or salamanders) intermediate in many characters between fishes and reptiles and having gilled aquatic larvae and air breathing adults. Anti-siphon A device that prevents waste water from being drawn back into supply lines and possibly contaminating the water supply. Applicator A person applying a liquid or solid treatment to a landscape. Ball moss Grey to greenish epiphyte about 3” to 9” wide within the Central Texas region and has scaly, recurved, linear leaves 2” to 6” long. Basal growth Leaves or stems growing at the base of a stem or tree trunk. Botanist A biologist specializing in the study of plants. Bioaccumulation The accumulation of a substance, such as a toxic chemical, in various tissues of a living organism. Backpack sprayer A sprayer worn on the back. Biofilter An emission control device that uses microorganisms to destroy volatile organic compounds and hazardous air pollutants. Bioswale Landscape elements designed to remove silt and pollution from surface runoff water, usually 6 inches or more deep. Boom sprayer A large-scale sprayer associated with a truck or tractor. Broadcast spray A wide, circle shaped spray or spray pattern. Broadleaf Having relatively broad rather than needlelike or scale-like leaves. Brood Whitish rice grain like larvae and pupae found within a fire ant mound. Buffer zone A corridor of land that is 25 feet in width on the sides of a stream or other body of water. Carbamate A salt or an ester of carbamic acid, especially one used as an insecticide. Cholinesterase A family of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid, a reaction necessary to allow a cholinergic neuron to return to its resting state after activation. Commercial applicator Operates a business or is employed by a business that applies restricted-use or state-limited-use pesticides to the property of another person for hire or compensation. Contaminate Soil, stain, corrupt, or infect by contact or association. Core aeration Increasing air penetration of the soil by removing plugs of soil. Decontamination To make safe by eliminating poisonous or otherwise harmful substances, such as noxious chemicals or radioactive material. Dike Contains spills to a confined area. Disease Any abnormal condition in a plant that interferes with its vital physiological processes, caused by pathogenic microorganisms, parasites, unfavorable environmental, genetic, or nutritional factors, etc. Dog off leash area Designated fenced or unfenced areas where dogs are allowed to be off-leash. Integrated Pest Management Program 78 | P a g e Drainage The natural or artificial removal of surface and sub Surface water from an area. Ecosystem A system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical environment. Edging Mechanical means to define borders. Endangered species An animal or plant species in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range. Epiphyte Attaches to a host but absorbs water and nutrients from the air through their leaves and stems. Erosion The process of weathering and transport of solids (sediment, soil, rock and other particles) in the natural environment or their source and deposits them elsewhere. Fertilization The process of making soil more productive for plant growth by the addition of organic material or fertilizer. Fungicide Chemical compounds or biological organisms used to kill or inhibit fungi or fungal spores. Germinate To begin to sprout or grow. Grade The degree of inclination of a slope, road, or other surface. Grafting Is a method of asexual plant propagation widely used in agriculture and horticulture where the tissues of one plant are encouraged to fuse with those of another plant. Granular application Product in the form of small particles that provides a slower release of ingredients, usually used in broadcast or drop applications. Groundcover Any plant that grows over an area of ground, used to provide protection from erosion and drought, and to improve its aesthetic appearance. Herbicide A chemical substance used to destroy or inhibit the growth of plants, especially weeds. High water line The highest possible water level that would be expected in a given body of water during a 5-year period. Hilling Is the technique in agriculture and horticulture of piling soil up around the base of a plant. Hornet A venomous insect about a ¾” long and is black and white, with a white face. Horticulturalist Practices the science of plant cultivation including the process of preparing soil for the planting of seeds, tubers, or cuttings. Host The animal or plant on which or in which another organism lives. Hydrocyanic acid An aqueous solution of hydrogen cyanide HCN that is a poisonous weak acid and is used chiefly in fumigating and in organic synthesis. Infiltration To cause (as a liquid) to permeate something by penetrating its pores or interstices. Insecticide A chemical used to kill or reduce the presence of insects. Insects A class within the arthropods that have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three part body (head, thorax, and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes, and two antennae. Integrated Pest Management Program 79 | P a g e Integrated Pest Management A coordinated decision in making and determining the best recommended practice that uses the most appropriate pest control methods and strategies in an environmentally and economically sound manner to meet pest management objectives. Invasive species Introduced species that can thrive in areas beyond their natural range of dispersal. Invertebrate An animal without a backbone. Irrigation An artificial application of water to the soil. Larvae The newly hatched, wingless, often worm like form of many insects before metamorphosis. Leachability Ability to dissolve out soluble constituents from (ash, soil, etc.) by the action of percolating. Listed species A species, subspecies, or distinct population segment that has been added to the Federal list of endangered and threatened wildlife and plants. Liquid application Used when the aboveground parts of plants require treatment to control pests. Some liquid formulations come packaged in their own sprayer, ready to use; no dilution is required. Lobed leaf Leaf having deeply indented margins. Mammalian Any of various warm-blooded vertebrate animals of the class Mammalia, including humans, characterized by a covering of hair on the skin and, in the female, milk producing mammary glands for nourishing the young. Microbial A minute life form; a microorganism, especially a bacterium that causes disease. Miticides A chemical composition that kills or reduces the presence of mites. Mitigation To moderate (a quality or condition) in force or intensity; alleviate. Monoculture The cultivation or growth of a single crop or organism especially on agricultural or forest land. Natural area A natural area is a physical and biological unit in as near a natural condition as possible, which exemplifies typical or unique vegetation and associated biotic, edaphic, geologic, and aquatic features. The unit is maintained in a natural condition by allowing physical and biological processes to operate, usually without direct human intervention. Noncommercial applicator Is required to be licensed but does not qualify as a commercial applicator. Noncommercial political subdivision (NCPS) An applicator employed by a political subdivision of the State of Texas or a federal agency operating in Texas. Organophosphate Poison insects and mammals primarily by phosphorylation of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme (ache) at nerve endings. Over seeding Spreading seed over established turf that has been prepared for restoration. Overstory Also called the canopy is made up of the very tallest trees that stand over the rest of the plants. Panicle Compound raceme or branched cluster of flowers. Paper wasp A venomous insect about a ¾” long, red to brown in color with a long, cylindrical abdomen. Integrated Pest Management Program 80 | P a g e Parasitoids An organism that spends a significant portion of its life history attached to or within a single host organism, which it ultimately kills (and often consumes) in the process. Personal protective equipment Includes all types of equipment used to increase individual safety while performing potentially hazardous tasks. This may include safety glasses, hard hats, gloves, lab coats, respirators, or and equipment used to protect against injury or illness. Pest An insect or other small animal that harms or destroys garden plants, trees, etc. Pesticide Any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling or mitigating any pest. Pesticide applicator license Certification of a person to use a restricted or state limited-use pesticide or regulated herbicides. Pheromone Is a secreted or excreted chemical factor that triggers a social response in members of the same species. Photodecomposition Chemical breakdown caused by radiant energy. Poison ivy A loose shrub or woody stemmed, climbing or creeping vine. The leaf consists of three leaflets on long, oppositely placed stems (petioles) and can be 3” to 10” long. Margins of the leaflets may vary from being entirely smooth, slightly toothed or lobed. The leaves can be glossy or dull green. Post emergent A herbicide used to kill weeds after they have germinated. Predators An organism that lives by preying on other organisms. Pre-emergent Chemicals that prevent the germinating weeds from establishing in a lawn. Prune To cut off or remove dead or living parts or branches of (a plant, for example) to improve shape or growth. Pupae The non-feeding stage between the larva and adult in the metamorphosis of holometabolous insects, during which the larva typically undergoes complete transformation within a protective cocoon or hardened case. Pyrethroids Chemicals that kill insects. Tend to persist and remain toxic when they enter waterways. Quill A hollow shaft or sleeve through which another independently rotating shaft may pass. Recurved leaf A leaf curved or bent backwards or downwards. Red imported fire ant Adults are red to dark brown and occur in five different forms: minor workers, about a 1/8” long; major workers, about a ¼” long; winged males and females, each about a 1/3” long; and queens, about a 1/3” long. Resistance The capacity of an organism or a tissue to withstand the effects of a harmful environmental agent. Restricted entry interval The time after a pesticide application during which entry into the treated area is restricted. Rhizome A horizontal, usually underground stem that often sends out roots and shoots from its nodes. Right of way A strip of land that is granted, through an easement or other mechanism, for transportation purposes, such as for a walking path, driveway, rail line or highway. Integrated Pest Management Program 81 | P a g e Rinsates A dilute mixture of a pesticide or pesticides with water, solvents, oils, commercial rinsing agents, or other substances, that is produced by or results from the cleaning of pesticide application equipment or pesticide containers. Rodent Any of various mammals of the order Rodentia, such as a mouse, rat, squirrel, or beaver, characterized by large incisors adapted for gnawing or nibbling. Rodenticide Pest control chemicals intended to kill or reduce the presence of rodents. Rootstalk A horizontal plant stem with shoots above and roots below serving as a reproductive structure. Rootstock A plant, and sometimes just the stump, which already has an established, healthy root system used for grafting a cutting or budding from another plant. Runner Slender creeping stem that puts forth roots from nodes spaced at intervals along its length. Runoff The occurrence of surplus liquid (as water) exceeding the limit or capacity. Scion A detached shoot or twig containing buds from a woody plant which is grafted onto the stock. Smooth leaf A leaf having an entire or lobed margin but is not toothed. Social wasps Live in nests that wasps construct and defend cooperatively. Ex. Paper wasps, yellow jackets, and hornets Sodium laureth sulfate Detergent and surfactant found in many personal care products. Ex. Soaps and shampoos Soil Surface layers of sand, silt, clay, and organic material on the surface of the earth that support plants. Solitary wasp Do not build communal nests and consequently do not defend their nest Solubility The amount of a substance that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent. Spill Accidental or unintentional release of hazardous material. Spot spraying Targeted or direct pesticide application. Strainer A device used to separate liquids from solids. Tank Holds chemical mixtures. Threatened species An animal or plant species likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range. Threshold A level of pest presence above which unacceptable amounts of negative plant health impacts, negative environmental impacts, negative effects on infrastructure and assets, intolerable aesthetic impacts, or undue safety risks are likely to occur. Till To prepare (land) for the raising of crops, as by plowing and harrowing; cultivate. Toothed leaf A leaf that is notched on the outer edge, or margin, of a leaf (serrate). Top dressing Material applied to a surface, as fertilizer on land or crops, or stones on a road. Toxicity The degree to which a substance is toxic, poisonous or harmful. Triclopyr A systemic, foliar herbicide in the pyridine group. It is used to control broadleaf weeds while leaving grasses and conifers unaffected. Tunneling Process in which an animal makes a hole or passageway underground, usually for shelter. Turf Surface layer of ground containing a mat of grass and grass roots. Urban forestry Management, establishment, and protection of trees and forests within cities, suburbs, or towns. Integrated Pest Management Program 82 | P a g e Weeds Any plant that crowds out cultivated and native plants. Wetland A lowland area, such as a marsh or swamp that is saturated with moisture, especially when regarded as the natural habitat of wildlife. Worker protection standard Is a regulation from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) designed to limit worker’s exposure to pesticides. Vertebrate A member of the subphylum Vertebrata, a primary division of the phylum Chordata that includes the fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals, all of which are characterized by a segmented spinal column and a distinct well differentiated head. Vespid Mostly social nest building wasps. Yellow jackets Have a shiny yellow and black striped abdomen and are typically a ½” long, workers, and a ¾” long, the queen. Integrated Pest Management Program 83 | P a g e APPENDIX 10: Revisions Date Page Reason Authorized By Date Approved IPM Institute of North America, Inc. Harnessing Marketplace Power to Improve Health, Environment and Economics 211 S. Paterson St., Madison WI 53703 • 608-232-1410 • Fax 608-232-1440 www.ipminstitute.org Board of Directors Daniel Cooley, Ph.D. University of Massachusetts Carrie Foss, M.S. Washington State University Dawn H. Gouge, Ph.D. University of Arizona Robert S. Kallen, J.D. RSK Strategies Thomas A. Green, Ph.D. Board President 2014 Whole Foods Market Supplier Award for Outstanding Quality Assurance 2012, 2009 US EPA Sustained Excellence in IPM Award 2009, 2008, 2005, 2004 National Champion, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Pesticide Environmental Stewardship Program 2005 Children’s Environmental Health Recognition Award, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Children’s Health Protection December 23, 2019 Laura Behrens Assistant Director City of Denton Parks and Recreation Department Dear Laura, Thank you very much for the opportunity to review your IPM program document. Overall the document is very well written and comprehensive, one of the best examples we have seen. It has been a pleasure to read and review, a reflects a tremendous commitment to IPM as a primary strategy to maintain functionality of key assets while minimizing impacts on health and environment. I hope you will find our comments helpful! Best Regards, Thomas A. Green, Ph.D. President 2 City of Denton Integrated Pest Management Program: Document review by the IPM Institute of North America December 23, 2019 Contact: Thomas Green, Ph.D. 608 209-8298 ipmworks@ipminstitute.org Executive Summary The City of Denton contracted with the IPM Institute for a desk review of its Integrated Pest Management Program document which was formally approved by the Denton City Council in May 2019. The scope of the document focuses on diverse land assets of Denton’s Parks and Recreation Department (PARD). The plan is very well written and comprehensive, with a strong emphasis on integration of all appropriate methods when an intervention is required to prevent unacceptable pest-related impacts. The clear, concise writing style, word choice an extensive glossary all contribute to the utility of the document the broad and diverse potential audience. Key elements of the plan include a commitment to Integrated Pest Management (IPM) principles, mission, goals, overarching strategy, legal compliance and a series of detailed strategies addressing use of pesticides and site-type specific management. The plan addresses both natural and synthetic pesticides and includes an approved pesticide list. The document includes a commitment to garden plots managed with methods approved for Organic production. Strategies include setting thresholds based on priorities for specific park areas, and on public needs and desires. The plan includes a commitment to native plants which can many times but not always reduce pest problems. Maintaining aesthetics is referenced in multiple places as potential reason an intervention may be needed. Pest prevention including as part of the design process as well as maintenance is a priority. The plan addresses site-specific recordkeeping including objectives, monitoring, data collection, actions, results and pesticide applications, including a list of elements that must be recorded for each pesticide application, Opportunities to improve the plan including developing a title that more specifically addresses the scope given other city assets are outside of the scope of the document, addressing structural pest management for constructed PARD facilities and adding detail on program evaluation and reporting. There are also some opportunities to add to strategies, for example addressing soil testing for pH, nutrients, organic matter and soil biology in conjunction with fertilization as a key component for establishing and maintaining plant health, especially at new or renovated sites. General Comments 1. One is the best IPM plans we have reviewed. Very well-organized, helpful table of contents. Written in a consistent, spare style, clean with very few typos. Reflects well on the strengths and commitment of PARD staff and other contributors. 3 2. Consider renaming the document the City of Denton Parks and Recreation Department Integrated Pest Management Plan” on the title page. a. “Plan” is used in the opening paragraph on page one, and that is really what the document is. Implementation of the policy and plan is what makes the “Program”. The program includes all of the elements of your IPM approach including the policy, plan, staff, tools, and activities of and actions taken by the many contributors to the pro gram. b. Clarifying that the document is the “Plan” may help eliminate any confusion about what exactly is being referred to going forward, e.g., if an individual refers to the “Program”, are they referring to this document, or the overall Parks and Recreation Department (PARD) IPM program? a. The scope defined on page 5 references PARD assets, and page 6 refers to the PARD Park Maintenance Division’s IPM plan. There are other City of Denton assets not covered by this plan, e.g., municipal offices, which should be covered if the plan is the overall City of Denton plan. Given the document is not an overall City of Denton plan, defining the scope as PARD in the title of the document is appropriate. 2. Program evaluation is addressed briefly in the first paragraph of the document. Consider adding details regarding how, how often and by whom the program and the document will be evaluated and updated 3. Consider adding another strategy addressing program evaluation and reporting. Include elements such as quantifying and setting goals for pesticide risk reduction, and for maintaining or increasing the portion of assets managed without a pesticide intervention. Non-chemical control measures as well as pesticide use should be included in this reporting. 4. Consider adding more detail on how pesticide use will be evaluated and reported. Annual use reporting by lbs. of active ingredient and target pest would be ideal. In addition, reporting by some measure of risk would be helpful such as signal word. The US Green Building Council uses risk tiers developed by the City and County of San Francisco Department of the Environment, however that system is very conservative and most of the products that you are using will fall into Tier 1, reducing the value of that approach in discriminating risk. See the Guide to San Francisco’s Reduced Risk Pesticide List attached, and also the Pesticide Research Institute’s Pesticide Product Evaluator at https://pesticideresearch.com/site/evaluator/ for more information on that approach. Incorporating some measure of risk in your reporting will allow you see trends and potentially risk reduction over time, to identify your highest risk uses, and to prioritize your efforts to reduce those risks by adding mitigation measures or transitioning to alternative products over time. 5. Consider incorporating more quantitative data where possible. For example, what percent of ac reage is managed without pesticide use? That could become another annually reported metric. 6. How is structural pest management conducted in PARD facilities? That could be mentioned now and planned to be covered in similar detail in future revisions. An excellent tool for building pest prevention into facilities is Pest Prevention by Design, https://sfenvironment.org/download/pest- 4 prevention-by-design-guidelines. A companion document is nearly complete addressing pest prevention for landscape design. 7. Consider capitalizing uses referring to products and methods that are consistent with Organic principles or standards, to distinguish from uses of organic, as in organic matter or organic chemical compound. 8. Consider Green Shield Certification as a component of your ongoing program evaluation which includes an on-site evaluation every three years. Program certification is focused on structural pests currently but it would be great to work with you on incorporating land care as an option. More information at https://greenshieldcertified.org/, and within the PDF draft standards attached. We’ve tweaked this draft over the years but have not pulled the trigger on launching the program because of lack of alternatives for some of the higher risk/perceived higher risk pesticide products in use. That situation has improved considerably recently and we’ll be taking a look at it again next year. Section/Page Comments 9. Page 1 a. “Gardners” should be “Gardeners” b. Consider explaining what the role of the focus group was. A focus group can be a one-time, relatively short session where participants are asked to respond to questions and statements. It sounds like this Focus Group did more than that and it would be great for the reader to understand and appreciate that if so. 10. Page 4, consider adding to goals something like “Facilitate sustainability of the PARD IPM program including in the event of leadership and staff transitions by thoroughly documenting PARD’s overall approach.” This is a goal for the document as opposed to goals for your overall IPM program. 11. Pages 5-9 are reader-friendly, thorough descriptions of key elements of how pests are managed including both mandated and voluntary approaches to minimize unintended consequences. This overview should be very helpful for readers concerned about pesticide risks, and as a reminder to leadership and staff about all of the elements that need to be incorporated in their day-to-day management and activities. 12. Page 6, “Forrester” should be “Forester”. 13. Pages 10-13, excellent concise, readable overview of IPM principles and tactics. Opportunity to add soil testing and amendment as indicated by test results to promote plant health and prevent/avoid pest issues that can result from or be exacerbated by nutritional imbalance, such as aphids and excess nitrogen, or poor health, such as some trunk borers on weak ornamental trees. “Right plant, right place” could be a good phrase to add to the first bullet in the cultural practices section. 14. Page 12 5 a. Under costs, consider mentioning that the aforementioned possible health, safety and environmental effects are indirect costs that are considered. b. Missing line space before “Public health and safety effects” 15. Page 14 a. Missing line space before “Pest Management Procedures” 16. Strategies a. Excellent compilation of detailed information including legal compliance, PPE, emergency response, and pesticide selection, storage and transport, application procedures including waste/rinsate, and recordkeeping. Great to have these compiled in one place with consistent policies for these across all users/sites within PARD. b. 6. Pesticide Application Recordkeeping, perhaps this could be expanded to include non- chemical intervention and pesticide application recordkeeping? Implementing some basic recordkeeping of non-chemical interventions can provide a useful tool in dialogue with those concerned about pesticide use, and often that information is not cataloged. Suspect you generate some impressive numbers and success stories in the non-chemical category each year that could be highlighted in communications. A feasible approach to capturing key data without unnecessary burden could be developed with staff to take advantage of your emphasis on non- chemical interventions. Numbers or acreage of native and pest-resistant plants, applications of biological controls, numbers/acres of habitat-modification projects, etc. are examples in this category. c. 4. Notification of a Pesticide Use at a Site, very important for those wishing to avoid exposure. Exceptions for spot spraying or backpack or pressurized sprayer or granular for immediate threat could perhaps be reconsidered. The requirement is to post at time of application and leave for 48 hours, and for blue dye to be added to spot applications. Unclear why the former is not feasible for these exempt applications, and certainly posting would be important as an explanation for the blue dyed vegetation. d. 14. Pesticide Applications around Community Gardens, very important and could be fleshed out with more detail including specifics about the guidelines referenced. e. 16. Vegetation Management in Engineered Wood Fiber Playground Areas, excellent example of the level of detail in thought and practice in your program. Consider adding specs for depth. What depth is optimum? Does it differ by type of site? Is a weed barrier specified for underneath the mulch? Edging to reduce diffusion of mulch into adjacen t turf for example? f. 17. Venomous Insect Management, very well written and thought out. Consider adding spiders and fire ants to this section, e.g., which if any venomous spiders can be found in Denton ? Are there opportunities to educate staff and residen ts about the benefits of venomous insects and precautions to take to avoid stings? To report high risk situations? What “non -toxic” products are you referring to? Non-toxic is technically limited to repellents. Soap and plant oils are certainly toxic to many insects. Can you add some of these products to your approved lists? 6 Staff may appreciate naming these and doing so may reduce potential for a mistake in purchasing products from a local store. “Approved products will contain synthetic pyrethroids” is a strong statement and conflicts with the permission to buy non-toxic products. g. 18. Off leash areas, very well done and well-integrated with other relevant strategies. Suggest addressing management of dog feces such as signage and requirements for users, provision of bags, design of disposal containers and frequency of emptying to avoid fly problems. Suggest addressing fleas and ticks, e.g., general expectation is that users will use veterinary products to protect their dogs in all environments where they might encounter fleas and ticks, and that complaints will be monitored and addressed as needed consistent with the overall policy and plan. h. 19. Insecticide Use and Pollinator Protection i. 5h could use some additional thought. Neonics, like many insecticides, are toxic to bees so this statement could be construed as prohibiting all neonic uses. Some neonic uses are low risk. More precisely, PARD will not approve the use of neonicotinoid or other insecticides used in such a way as to pose unacceptable risks to non-targeted bees or other pollinators. ii. B.1-5 is an excellent prioritization of steps that can apply to all pest types and situations. Consider capturing this in Strategy 2 or in its own strategy up near the top of the strategy list Appendices 17. Approved Pesticide Lists a. Very good practice to maintain approved lists, helps avoid errors in product selection that can happen if only general criteria for product selection are provided. b. Format stated on page 53 is not being followed, I.e., active ingredient(s) is not included for most products on the list and should be if that is the stated format. Kudos to urban forestry for consistently following the format. c. Park Classification Plan very good illustration of setting thresholds for intervention based on maintaining optimal function for the intended purpose. d. Consider changing instances of “control” to management, and “Pesticide Program” to “Pest Management” to better reflect your philosophy and what you are actually doing. e. Turfgrass maintenance plan represents very good practices. What about soil testing including pH, organic matter? That would be valuable especially for new sites. Should the 1” irrigation per week be applied in single application? Less frequent, more water at a time encourages deeper root growth. f. Is “as needed to prevent loss of plant material” technically correct? Throughout the document, including within the action threshold descriptions, you also reference intervening including with pesticide applications, to preserve aesthetics. The prevent loss language oils i mply your policy is not to treat for aesthetic issues. 7 g. Page 63, typo, should be “Rodentcide” should be “Herbicide”. h. Additional low-risk products to consider evaluating: i. Tenacity, active ingredient mesotrione, not approved for organic production, synthetic mimic, chlorophyll interrupter, works well on both cool and warm-season grasses, selective, can bleach out broader fescue blades but they recover. Does not work on clover but everything else. Groundwater/surface concerns. Residual around ~18 hours. Low mammalian toxicity, low REI. ii. Fiesta is an iron-based broadleaf herbicide not for application in temperatures greater than 85, not for bentgrass or drought-stressed turf. Label rate may not be sufficient in some instances in which case tank mixing is an option. iii. Halo is a soy-based selective post-emergent herbicide, variable efficacy depending on soil, environmental conditions. iv. Grub-Gone is a Bt-based insecticide that is effective for grubs in turf. v. Actinovate and Double Nickel are fungicides approved for organic production and effective for a number of diseases including dollar spot. 18. Pesticide Spill Incident Report a. Suggest revising “(street address or park)” to “(street address or park plus description of exactly where at that location)”. More precise info often needed beyond street address or park name. 19. Glossary a. Glossary is very complete, important due to the broad audience for this document. The glossary generally includes plain language, also important for the potential audience. b. Some additions to consider include cultivation, HAZMAT, mulch, noxious weed, Organic, Pesticide approved for Organic production, wildlife c. Glossary generally uses the singular form, but sometimes uses the plural, e.g., “Rinsates”. Suggest considering using singular throughout. d. “Drainage definition includes a typo, should be “sub-surface”. e. “Epiphyte” definition could include that it is a plant that attaches to a host plant for clarification. f. “Pest” is often used generically, as in “Integrated Pest Management” and “pest control” in this document. Perhaps definition should indicate the term can be used to refer to all pests including pathogens, wildlife, weeds, etc. g. “Pyrethroids” are more specifically a class of chemicals. 8 h. It should probably be “sodium laurel sulfate” rather than “sodium laureth sulfate” which are two different materials. See https://medium.com/think-dirty/thinkdirty-ingredient-breakdown- sds-vs-sls-vs-sles-8f6e9ed574a5 for a discussion of the differences. i. “Worker Protection Standard” should be capitalized. This document outlines the Progressive Pest Management Process, along with an overview of key program ele- ments. 1. Form a Pest Management Committee (PMC): • Include the district PPM coordinator, key maintenance staff, parents, leaders from environmen- tal health and pest control professions, and other stakeholders from the local community as practicable (e.g., city/county landscaping staff). Meet quarterly (at minimum). 2. Create a Progressive Pest Management program (PPM): • Develop with the PMC. Tailor to fit city needs and pest pressure thresholds. Emphasize preven- tion and non-chemical control methods over the use of pesticides, and restrict use to products approved in conjunction with the PMC (see chart below). 3. Establish a timeline for implementation: • Prioritize pest control needs, start trying different strategies, refine over time. 4. Train staff and shift mindset to progressive pest management principles: • Create and train staff on procedures specific to types of pests. Incorporate monitoring and threshold levels to reach before using successive control methods. 5. Make the Progressive Pest Management program public: • Share information not only about pesticide applications as required by regulations, but also share and advertise progressive or “green” actions that are being undertaken. Progressive Pest Management Playbook City of Denton’s Parks and Recreation Department Progressive Pest Management Program and Procedures PROGRESSIVE PEST MANAGEMENT PROGRAM PURPOSE: To establish criteria for an Progressive Pest Management (PPM) Program. PPM Goals that we feel are critical to protect public health and safety: 1. Elimination of Category I and II pesticides 2. Minimization of the use of Category III and IV pesticides. 3. Elimination of pesticides that are classified by government agencies, identified in Section VII (B,1-6) as known, probable or possible carcinogens, reproductive toxicants, (teratogens, muta- gens), endocrine disrupters, carbamates, organophosphates, or ground water contaminants. Turf grass areas, playgrounds, and picnic table areas on city property will be designated pesticide free. 4. Expansion of PPM practices and best management practices with the goal of eliminating the use of pesticides. 5. Establish an PPM Commission that will meet quarterly: • Composition of PPM Commission - The PPM commission shall consist of 8 persons nominated by the City of Denton’s PARD(possible options): University of North Texas / Field Specialist Texas Women's University / Native Plant Society of Texas Denton County Master Gardners Master Naturalist Denton County Beekeepers Association Master Gardener Denton Residents Denton Youth Sports Association POLICY: The City of Denton will focus on long-term prevention or suppression of pest problems with minimum impact on human health, the environment, and nontarget organisms with the limited use of pesticides in accordance with direction provided by the City Council for Parks, Fields and Playgrounds; City-wide Progressive Pest Management Guiding Princi- ples, and an annual update. Parks, Fields and Playgrounds When pesticides are needed, use the following prioritized approach: (1) organic pesticides; (2) Water Quality Act Allowed Pesticides; and (3) EPA Level III “caution” labeled pesti- cides only when deemed necessary to protect public health and economic impact by a li- censed pest control adviser. City-wide Progressive Pest Management Guiding Principles a. Use of organic pesticides in all City properties. b. Limit exposure to any pesticides where children and the general public congregate. c. Incorporate additional guidance on use of pesticides for city rights of way, facilities, and other properties as reflected in the staff report. d. Use EPA Level pesticides in a targeted manner, and only if deemed necessary to pro- tect public health and economic loss by a licensed pest control advisor and City staff, when pests cannot be managed by other methods that we would have. Annual Update Staff will return to the City Council annually with an update. ASSET: The Parks and Recreation Department (PARD) is a subdivision of the City of Denton mu- nicipal government and is the steward of over 2,000 acres of space, 36 parks, 27 play- grounds, 42 athletic fields, 27 trail miles, 6 recreation centers, 3 aquatic facilities, 1 spray ground, 16 tennis courts, 1 driving range, 1 disk golf course, 1 skate park, and 2 cemeteries. It also offers a wide array of recreation and enrichment opportunities for people of all ages. PARD’s Parks Maintenance Division is charged with maintaining these diverse park land- scapes and assets in a safe, attractive, healthy, and useful condition. Park properties repre- sent a major component of the city’s capital assets and PARD recognizes its responsibility to protect and preserve this economic investment to the best of its abilities. PARD also recognizes its responsibilities to its employees, park users, and the general public, and seeks to employ the highest professional standards in the performance of its duties. To manage pests in park lands, PARD personnel shall utilize the principles of Integrated Pest Management. PROCEDURES: Prevention 1. PARD Staff shall review all new development and rehabilitation projects plans to verify com- patibility with the site’s environment. Monitoring 1. The Maintenance Divisions shall hire a consultant or contractor to provide regular monitoring services for all of the City’s properties. 2. The consultant or contractor shall determine if pest populations are increasing, decreasing, or staying the same and to determine when to use a control tactic. 3. The consultant or contractor shall provide monthly monitoring records which include infor- mation such as date of examination, pests found, size and extent of the infestation, location of the infestation, control options utilized, effectiveness of the control options, labor and material costs. Non Chemical Control Measures 1. PARD’s Landscape Division shall utilize cultural controls which are modifications of normal plant care activities that reduce or prevent pests. In addition to those methods used in the pest preventions, other cultural control methods include adjusting the frequency and amount of irrigation, fertilization, and mowing height. 2. The Maintenance Divisions shall utilize mechanical control tactics involve the use of manual labor and machinery to reduce or eliminate pest problems using methods such as handpicking, physical barriers, or machinery to reduce pest abundance indirectly. 3. The Maintenance Divisions shall utilize the use of environmental manipulations that indirectly control or prevent pests by altering temperature, light, and humidity can be effective in con- trolling pests. Although in outdoor situations these tactics are difficult to use for most pests, they can be effective in controlling birds and mammals if their habitat can be modified such that they do not choose to live or roost in the area. 4. The Maintenance Divisions shall utilize a biological control practice which uses living organ- isms to reduce pest populations. These organisms are often also referred to as beneficials, nat- ural enemies or biocontrols. They act to keep pest populations low enough to prevent signifi- cant economic damage. Biocontrols include pathogens, parasites, predators, competitive spe- cies, and antagonistic organisms. Beneficial organisms can occur naturally or can be pur- chased and released. The most common organisms used for biological control in landscapes are predators, parasites, pathogens and herbivores. Pesticide Controls Pesticides are to be utilized in a prioritized approach on City properties as follows: Parks, Fields and Playgrounds When pesticides are needed, use the following prioritized approach: (1) organic pesticides; (2) Water Quality Act Allowed Pesticides; and (3) EPA Level III “caution” labeled pesticides only when deemed necessary to protect public health and economic impact by a licensed pest control adviser. Rights of Way (Street medians/parkways) – Prioritized Use of Pesticides: a. Use organic pesticides first, when pesticides are needed. b. Use Clean Water Act allowed pesticides. c. EPA Level III “caution” label pesticide only if deemed necessary to protect public health and economic impact by a licensed pest control advisor and City staff. d. EPA Level II “warning” label pesticides, only if deemed necessary to protect public health and economic loss by a licensed pest control advisor and City staff, when other methods do not adequately control the pest. e. EPA Level I “danger” label pesticides, only if deemed necessary to protect public health and economic loss by a licensed pest control advisor and City staff, when other methods do not adequately control the pest. Facilities/Buildings – Prioritized Use of Pesticides: a. Use organic pesticides first, when pesticides are needed. b. Use Clean Water Act allowed pesticides. c. Bait formulations of insecticides will be used where appropriate. d. EPA Level III “caution” label pesticide only if deemed necessary to protect public health and economic impact by a licensed pest control advisor and City staff. e. EPA Level II “warning” label pesticides, only if deemed necessary to protect public health and economic loss by a licensed pest control advisor and City staff, when other methods do not adequately control the pest. f. EPA Level I “danger” label pesticides, only if deemed necessary to protect public health and economic loss by a licensed pest control advisor and City staff, when other methods do not adequately control the pest. Other City Properties – Prioritized Use of Pesticides: a. Use organic pesticides first, when pesticides are needed. b. Use Clean Water Act allowed pesticides c. EPA Level III “caution” label pesticide only if deemed necessary to protect public health and economic impact by a licensed pest control advisor and City staff. d. EPA Level II “warning” label pesticides, only if deemed necessary to protect public health and economic loss by a licensed pest control advisor and City staff, when other methods do not adequately control the pest. e. EPA Level I “danger” label pesticides, only if deemed necessary to protect public health and economic loss by a licensed pest control advisor and City staff, when other methods do not adequately control the pest Pesticides should only be used when other methods fail to provide adequate control of pests and just before pest populations cause an unacceptable damage, since the overuse of pesticides can cause beneficial organisms to be killed and pest resistance to develop. Approvals and Application of Chemical Pesticides 1. Pesticides shall be approved by the Maintenance Division Superintendents for their area of oversight prior to use. A written recommendation of proposed pesticide, including commer- cial name, concentrations, allocation rates, usage and reentry time shall be prepared by a licensed Texas Pest Control Advisor and site specific schedule submitted for approval. No work shall begin until written approval of use is obtained and a notice of intent has been filed with the County Agricultural Commissioner’s office, as required. Copies of Safety Data Sheets and specimen labels shall be given to the City prior to pesticide use on City property. 2. Chemicals shall only be applied by those persons possessing a valid Texas Qualified Appli- cator license/certificate. Application shall be in strict accordance with all governing regula- tions. Records of all operations shall be kept per Texas Department of Pesticide Regulations. 3. Pesticides shall be applied in a manner to avoid contamination of non-target areas. Precau- tionary measures shall be employed to keep the public from entering the spray zone until it is safe. 4. Posting of signs shall be required at all park facilities when any application of pesticides is performed. Specific requirements for posting are as follows: • Post signs at all park entrances at least 48 hours prior to spraying applications. The city staff/vendor’s contact information, chemical name and application date must be listed. • Place spray notices inside plastic page protectors. Attach them to a four-foot (4’) high wooden stake. Signs must be readable 25’ away from posted area. • Leave the same signs up for 72 hours after the spraying applications are completed, then remove promptly. • A temporary mesh fence such as orange plastic construction fencing can be erected on the perimeter of any area that is to be treated with a broadcast type application with the intent to keep people and pets off the treated area for a period of 24 hours. Records and Reporting Records of all pesticides used by the Contractor on City property shall be retained in accordance with Department of Pesticide Regulations. Maintenance Superintendents will keep records of all pesticide usage and provide an annual report to the Director of Parks and Recreation reflecting the pesticide usage each year. The City of Denton’s PARD will provide an annual report to the City Council. _______________, Director of Parks & Recreation Approved: ___________, 2019 City of Denton Legislation Text City Hall 215 E. McKinney St. Denton, Texas 76201 www.cityofdenton.com File #:ID 20-508,Version:1 AGENDA CAPTION Receive a report, hold a discussion, and give staff direction regarding the Electric, Water and Wastewater Management Study performed by NewGen Strategies and Solutions, LLC. City of Denton Printed on 2/28/2020Page 1 of 1 powered by Legistar™ City of Denton _____________________________________________________________________________________ AGENDA INFORMATION SHEET DEPARTMENT: Utilities CM/ DCM/ ACM: Mario Canizares DATE: March 2, 2020 SUBJECT Receive a report, hold a discussion, and give staff direction regarding the Electric, Water and Wastewater Management Study performed by NewGen Strategies and Solutions, LLC. BACKGROUND Denton Utilities are required by the Section 12.08(f) of the City Charter to conduct a management study in an interval not to exceed 10 years. The Charter specifies the study shall be conducted by a competent management consulting or industrial engineering firm and that the report and recommendations shall be made public. The purpose of conducting management studies is to provide a thorough examination of major elements of Utilities operations to ensure Utilities are adhering to processes required by the charter and organization, are being managed efficiently, and are cost effective. The last management studies were completed in 2008-2009. For consistency, staff incorporated the major elements from past management studies into the current request for proposals (RFP). Respondents were provided the flexibility to respond to Water, Wastewater and Denton Municipal Electric components combined, or respond to Water, Wastewater, and Denton Municipal Electric separately. On July 24, 2018 the City Council adopted an Ordinance awarding a contract with NewGen Strategies and Solutions, LLC (NewGen) for a Utility Management Study for Electric, Water, and Wastewater. The draft report has been completed, and the attached presentation provides the major findings. This item will be taken forward to Council along with any feedback from the Public Utility Board, and the report will be finalized and made public as required by the Charter. Staff has been working on initiatives to address the findings of the draft report, and information is included in the presentation regarding some of these efforts. Staff intends on presenting information on these initiatives as separate future work session items. RECOMMENDATION None. This AIS is being presented for informational purposes. PRIOR ACTION/REVIEW (Council, Boards, Commissions) February 12, 2018: A work session item was presented to the Public Utility Board. March 20, 2018: A work session item was presented to the City Council. July 9, 2018: The Public Utility Board recommended approval of a contract with NewGen Strategies and Solutions, LLC for the Utility Management Study for Electric, Water and Wastewater. July 24, 2018: The City Council approved the contract with NewGen Strategies and Solutions, LLC for the Utility Management Study for Electric, Water and Wastewater. City Hall 215 E. McKinney Street Denton, Texas www.cityofdenton.com EXHIBITS 1. Agenda Information Sheet 2. Presentation Respectfully submitted: Dr. Kenneth Banks General Manager of Utilities Utilities Management Study March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 Outline •Management Study Background •Findings & Recommendations •Follow up survey •Conclusions •Staff Actions March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 Management Study Background •Charter Requirement –Section 12.08(f) of the City Charter states “At intervals not exceeding ten (10) years the council shall at the expense of the utilities involved, cause a general management survey to be made of all utilities under the jurisdiction of the board by a competent management consulting or industrial engineering firm, the report and recommendations of which shall be made public. •Study Elements: Governance •Organizational Structure •Financial Practices •Development Policies •Support Services • Franchise & Payment in Lieu of Taxes •Communications •Public Relations •Planning •Budget Process including Operations & Capital Budgeting •Rate Development • Operational Cost Comparative Analysis •Staff interviews •Onsite Inspections • Survey of City Managers office staff, PUB, Council • Follow up survey March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 Management Study by NewGen •NewGen Strategies & Solutions (NewGen) retained to perform a Management Study of Utilities (Electric, Water and Wastewater). •Project kickoff on September 17, 2018. Most data collection during the fall of 2018, including staff interviews. March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 General Findings and Recommendations •Findings •The 1998 and 2008 Management Studies generally had similar scopes of work, but also focused on certain topics. The 1998 report focused on electric utility deregulation and the 2008 report focused on the cost of shared services. •The ten-year timeframe may be too long; many changes can occur in this time. •Each of the three utilities have experienced leadership changes. •Recommendations •Future management studies should align with the holistic organizational assessment approach used in this study. •Consider either an internal or external management study Interim Review every five (5) years that tracks progress of recommendations from the previous Management Study. March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 Electric March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 What’s Working -Electric March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 ORGANIZATION •Good place to work. PEOPLE •Good people/team capable of doing excellent work. •Apprenticeship Program. PROCESS •Working with Finance to setup ERCOT settlement process/ accounts. INFRASTRUCTURE •Electricity Reliability and Compliance is Good (NERC certified). DME has experienced very high levels of reliability and even sustained significant 20 MW peak jump in the last year. •The 2018 SAIDI/SAIFI ratings were good to excellent. Findings & Recommendations Electric March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 Key Issue Description Recommendation COMMUNICATIONCommunication Need for better communication with other City departments. Routine meetings with each City department the Utilities interface with to discuss the list of outstanding items and action items for each until the next meeting. Silos/Need for Improved Coordination Silos exist between parts of DME internally. Suggest internal departmental head / manager meetings bi- weekly or monthly to increase collaboration and coordination across all levels of DME. Issues between Engineering and Operations Disconnect between Engineering and Operations overall which is affecting the efficiency and coordination. Suggest engineers spend more time in a formalized field training program and operations staff work with engineering on completing O&M procedures. Findings & Recommendations Electric March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 Key Issue Description Recommendation FINANCELong-term Forecasting DME should create a 10-year financial forecast.Develop a 10-year financial forecast including capability to run multiple scenarios and analyze rate impact Debt service coverage is below Fitch median of 2.1 Fitch uses guidelines to assign debt ratings in order for the Utilities to improve debt ratings they will need to improve debt service coverage. Consider changing policy to match Fitch guidelines Working capital for Enterprise Funds While DME meets GFOA guidelines, reserve targets may need to be increased to allow for larger shifts in energy pricing, especially if hedging strategies will involve any long positions. Evaluate the need to increase target reserves. Capital planning DME has adequately planned for load growth and has focused intently on planning for reliability in recent years. Communicate and coordinate system planning methodology and goals throughout the organization Findings & Recommendations Electric March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 Key Issue Description Recommendation PEOPLEMorale At the time of the survey, staff morale was low presumably due to changes and negative perception of DME. However, recent conversations with staff indicate that morale has improved. •Utility leadership must help the organization continue to move to a better future by establishing clear goals and objectives. •Increase communication from DME Senior Management to all levels of the organization via small groups or one-on- one meetings. Succession Planning Succession Planning is not formalized at the utility level and largely left up to each manager to figure out and keep up with. Develop a formal utility wide succession plan working with City and Human Resources staff. Turnover/ resource allocation/ acquisition At the time of the survey, a number of positions were open in the organization. Evaluate need for open positions and set timetable to eliminate or fill if needed. Suggest an overall FTE analysis of the organization. Findings & Recommendations Electric March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 Key Issue Description Recommendation PROCESSProcedures and Technical Specifications need to be completed, staff trained and published to all parts of DME Procedures and technical specifications exist in various degrees of completeness focused on new construction primarily and are not found in one comprehensive manual. a)Review existing procedures and technical specifications and assign owners to complete for operations and maintenance as well as new construction at direction of General Manager; once complete train employees and ensure accessibility to procedures by all staff.STRATEGYLack of Strategic Planning/Overall Planning Continual need for strong leadership, better communication and utility level strategic and operational planning. a)Recommend DME go through an externally facilitated strategic planning process to develop a roadmap for utility operations for the next 3-5 years followed by monthly meetings to ensure the plan is being implemented across the organization. b)Recommend performing formal Strategic Planning process at least every 5 years. Water and Wastewater March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 What’s Working -Water and Wastewater March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 ORGANIZATION •Good place to work •Loyal staff PEOPLE •Good people who enjoy working here PROCESS •Development of Project Management Office (PMO) •More data driven focus INFRASTRUCTURE •Limited wastewater spills •Award-winning drinking water quality Findings & Recommendations Water/Wastewater March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 Key Issue Description Recommendation COMMUNICATIONFormal corporate communication function Improve Communication to external stakeholders a)Implement a formal stakeholder engagement process that is ongoing and comprehensive b)Document “rules of engagement” for interactions with elected and appointed officials Communication Improve communication with other City departments. a)Recommend initial monthly meetings with each City department the Utilities interface with to discuss action items. Meetings may be able to move to bi-monthly or quarterly meetings after several initial meetings. Public Relations Web Site –Water needs to tell the story better. Could not easily locate the miles of water system or source water on City’s page Capital Project Education a)Create a “Trophy Room” for achievements: b)Add easily understood facts for utilities c)Improve capital project education using information, system metrics, and measures that demonstrate the need for capital projects and how these projects are improving the system Execution of capital planning The Utilities have adequately planned for growth and have focused intently on planning for reliability in recent years. a)Communicate and coordinate system planning methodology and goals throughout the organization Findings & Recommendations Water/Wastewater March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 Key Issue Description Recommendation FINANCEUtilities rates group Form a Utilities rates group comprised of Utilities and Finance staff. •Need long term rate plan that contemplates multiple scenarios with impacts from Council decisions such as rate decreases and major capital purchases •Finalize the development of the 10-year financial forecast Improve timeliness of capital spending Improve project definition and management to ensure capital requirements reflect needed infrastructure projects within planning horizon. Outcome of a formalized capital planning process is a list of projects needed for the next 3-5 years with spend by year. Debt service coverage below Fitch median of 2.1 Fitch uses guidelines to assign debt ratings needed to improve debt service coverage.Consider changing policy to match Fitch guidelines Findings & Recommendations Water/Wastewater March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 Key Issue Description Recommendation FINANCELong-term forecasting The Utilities Financial Strategies document reviewed suggest an annual 20-year pro forma be completed. NewGen was unable to identify or review any 20-year financial plans. •Consider creating a 20-year forecast to comply with the City’s policy and consider long-term rate strategies. •Update financial forecast tools and long-term rate strategies. Service delivery backlog Using internal crews for capital projects can benefit City rate payers. However, if workloads are high project timelines may not be met. Consider further supplementation of internal crews by adding crew staff if needed and using outside contractors to maintain schedules. Working capital targets for Enterprise Funds While the Utilities meet GFOA guidelines, given its substantial capital cash funding for capital repair and replacements, restricted and unrestricted working capital should be clearly delineated. Consider reviewing how restricted and unrestricted working capital are allocated to ensure balances are not improperly committed to future capital spending. Findings & Recommendations Water/Wastewater March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 Key Issue Description Recommendation PEOPLESuccession Planning Succession Planning is not formalized at the utility level Develop a formal utility wide succession plan working with City and Utility Human Resources staff. Silos/Need for Improved Coordination Silos exist between water and wastewater and internally in each utility. Open communication is needed between the water and wastewater utilities and internally within each utility i.e. plant personnel and distribution system personnel •Re-instate departmental head manager meetings bi-weekly or monthly to increase collaboration and coordination. •Institute cross training sessions to educate departments on what each other does. Need training program for Utility operations and management With senior staff leaving, more formal training is needed to ensure there is no drop-off in staff's ability to operate, maintain, and manage utilities. Review any existing training activities and develop formal training program for all water and wastewater staff pertinent to their job and the W/WW operations, maintenance and management principles overall. Fulfillment may include associations such as AWWA or local Texas water/wastewater associations. Findings & Recommendations Water/Wastewater March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 Key Issue Description Recommendation PEOPLEResource allocation/ acquisition At the time of the survey,many positions were open in the organization. Evaluate need for open positions and set timetable to eliminate or fill if needed. Suggest an FTE analysis of the organization be performed. Resistance to change At the time of the survey, the organization had some struggles with change. Leadership should meet one-on-one and with departments to explain the overall strategic plan once developed and routinely to help staff understand changes facing the organization. Findings & Recommendations Water/Wastewater March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 Key Issue Description Recommendation STRATEGYStrategic Planning/ Overall Planning Overall need for strong leadership, improved communication and utility level strategic and operational planning so staff is fully informed before action. a)Recommend the Utilities go through an externally facilitated strategic planning process to develop a roadmap for utility operations for the next 3-5 years followed by monthly meetings to ensure the plan is being implemented across the organization. b)Recommend performing formal Strategic Planning process at least every 5 years.TECHNOLOGYTechnology could play a bigger role in the operations of the Utilities. The Utilities are operated very manually, and . Technology could improve efficiency, data storage and access, and overall operations. No Technology Roadmap currently exists and items to be evaluated include: One System Control Room Map linked to SCADA systems, AMR/AMI, Automation Meter shop automation and more comprehensive GIS/Asset Management Data to support system operations, planning and modeling, etc. a)Develop a Technology Roadmap for each Utility including key stakeholders and IT staff to identify technology needs, priorities, timeframes and costs for the next 3-5 years as a starting place; execute Technology projects by priority once Roadmap is complete and agreed upon. Management Study Follow-up Survey •Much of the Management Study field work and interviews were conducted in 2018. •NewGen distributed a survey to original survey participants in Fall 2019. Given the timing and potential for changes in perspectives, these responses serve as a measure of progress or direction relative to the initial Study results. March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 Utilities Management Survey –Electric Surveys of remaining original participants were done in October 2019 to assess change. Each area was evaluated from 1-5 with 1 being Worse, 3 as No Change and 5 Better. Most scores were near 4 which ranked as Somewhat Better. 0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100% Communication Finance Infrastructure People Process Strategy Employee Morale Community Perception PUB Leadership City Council Leadership Worse Somewhat Worse Same Somewhat Better Better March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 Utilities Management Survey –Water / Wastewater Surveys of remaining original participants done in October 2019 to assess change. Each area was evaluated from 1-5 with 1 being Worse, 3 as No Change and 5 Better. Most scores were near 4 which ranked as Somewhat Better. 0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100% Communication Finance Infrastructure People Process Strategy Employee Morale Community Perception PUB Leadership City Council Leadership Worse Somewhat Worse Same Somewhat Better Better March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 Utilities Management Survey –Shared Services Surveys of remaining original participants done in October 2019 to assess change. Each area was evaluated from 1-5 with 1 being Worse, 3 as No Change and 5 Better. Most scores were near 4 which ranked as Somewhat Better 0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100% Changes Communication Finance People Process Strategy Employee Morale Procurement Process PUB Leadership City Council Leadership Worse Somewhat Worse Same Somewhat Better Better March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 Benchmarking Key Issues: Electric March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 •EFFECTIVE RATE •In terms of effective rate (revenue per kWh) across all retail customers as well as for each customer class, DME should strive for a balance between reasonable rates for customers and sufficient revenue for the utility to sustain itself financially. In addition to monitoring this measure, DME should review its rates structure to ensure adequate fixed cost recovery given the nationwide trend in the growth of customer-sited distributed energy resources. •EXPENSES •For Administrative & General expenses, DME exhibits higher cost ratios, especially on a per mile of distribution basis. •LIQUIDITY •DME appears to be operating the utility in such a manner as to have the reserves necessary to pay its short and long-term obligations. To support future financings, DME should continue to monitor measures such as Days Cash On Hand and Debt Service Coverage Ratio that rating agencies rely on. •UNCOLLECTIBLE ACCOUNTS •DME showed a substantial drop in uncollectibles per revenue dollar from about 7 cents in 2016 to approximately 3 cents in 2017. If DME instituted a new policy to reduce bad debt in 2017, it appears to be working effectively. If not, DME should investigate what procedures have caused the decline so that it can continue this downward trend. •LOAD GROWTH TRENDS •DME has experienced a decline in kilowatt hours sales over the period covered in this Benchmarking Study (2015 –2017). Across the industry, the trend also appears to be in load decline due to a drop in energy intensity. Benchmarking Key Issues Water / Wastewater •EFFECTIVE RATE •In terms of effective rate (revenue per MG) across all retail customers for both Water and Wastewater operations, Denton should continue to work toward attaining a balance between reasonable rates for customers and sufficient revenue to achieve financial sustainability. •LIQUIDITY •Denton appears to be operating the Water and Wastewater utilities in such a manner as to have the reserves necessary to pay its short and long-term obligations. •PRODUCTIVITY •Several of Denton’s efficiency measures have indicated lower than average productivity. While climate and water conservation measures have an impact on the water delivered per employee ratio, the seemingly lower levels of productivity should be investigated further. However, this measure is impacted by how services are shared across a municipal organization. For some water and/or wastewater operations, activities such as customer service and billing are staffed outside the utility, which would lead to higher productivity indices. March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 Conclusions •Electric: •NewGen believes DME is operationally very well run and did not find any “red flags” requiring immediate attention. •Findings and recommendations will help improve and refine operations •Water / Wastewater: •NewGen believes the water and wastewater utilities are operationally sound and did not find any “red flags” requiring immediate attention. •Findings and recommendations will help improve and refine operations •Survey: •2019 Survey indicates that substantial progress has been made since the study commenced in 2018. March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 Examples of actions: future work sessions March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508 •Reorganizations in DME, Water, Wastewater •Improve efficiencies •Match resources and expertise to needs; improve knowledge base •Safety Initiatives: •Hired firm to do a complete evaluation of safety programs •Safety staff reorganization •Communication and staff development •Mid level managers meetings; staff training based on culture, consistent and clear message; several initiatives focusing on building management skills, collaboration, and communication •Financial •Reorganized financial responsibilities and centralized in Finance; zero based budgeting, more data driven CIP decisions; improved capital program funding efficiency •Asset management •Completed asset management program for water; continue to improve Wastewater Asset management; decisions based on data and modeling, system risk, resiliency analyses, etc. March 2, 2020 -ID 20-508