19-2412S:\legal\our documents\ordinances\19\denton holiday festival associalion
ORDINANCE NO. 19-2412
AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF DENTON AUTHORIZING AN AGREEMENT
BETWEEN THE CITY OF DENTON, TEXAS, AND DENTON HOLIDAY FESTIVAL
ASSOCIATION, INC. FOR THE PURPOSE OF 2019 DENTON HOLIDAY LIGHTING
FESTIVAL SPONSORSHIP; PROVIDING FOR THE EXPENDITURE OF FUNDS; AND
PROVIDING FOR AN EFFECTIVE DATE.
WHEREAS, the City Council of the City of Denton hereby finds that the agreement
between the City and Denton Holiday Festival Association, Inc., for funds to be used for 2019
Denton Holiday Lighting Festival sponsorship, which is attached hereto and made a part hereof
by reference (the "Agreement"), serves a municipal and public purpose, and is in the public
interest; NOW, THEREFORE,
THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF DENTON HEREBY ORDAINS:
SECTION 1. The findings set forth in the preamble of this Ordinance are ineorporated
by reference into the body of this Ordinance as if fully set forth herein.
SE�:'� C(��f LL2. The City Manager, or his designee, is hereby authorized to execute the
Agreement and to carry out the duties and responsibilities of the City under the Agreement,
including the expenditure of funds as provided in the Agreement.
SBCTION 3, This Ordinance shall become effective immediately upon its passage and
a roval. � � �
PP
The motion to ����pr�� �� �I�is Ordinance was made by _�� �,�� `�� �"����"_���'�c� and
�,.� .
seconded by '�,� ���' �, �" �� �___ . The Ordinance was passed and approved by
the following ���°at� � "� � �� y�:
Chris Watts, Mayor:
Gerard Hudspeth, District 1:
Keely G. Briggs, District 2:
Jessie Davis, District 3:
John Ryan, District 4:
Deb Armintor, At Large Place 5:
Paul Meltzer, At Large Place 6:
� �
Abstain Absent
PASSED AND APPROVED this the ����� day of ����°����a�'������ °m� � � 2019.
�"���m � � �� �`"� �
Nlry�,d �m"�n� Y� d r av��+� �,µ, ,�i:�, ,
,�'° �"�' �� 4��
� � q,�
�� � �"""`* � s,w"� ��q � I
�� r
�� ,� � �, �p �M .� ��°
� � ,�� ,�, ,�
�,�� ��"'�� � """� �'��"
���'� � � � � �' „;�
���n,..
� 7 °'
��.. ���
�d �� � ,�ma^
�" m �
.......m.�m , �..'�"'^�' �'� .. ........ ......� �.. ... m ............... ..................._
CHRI� 'w1����TTS, MAYOR
S:\legal\our documents\ordinancesU 9\denton holiday 1'eslival associalion
ATTEST:
ROSA RIOS, CITY SECRETARY
, � ;�
BY; ° � `�
�
� , r � �
,,'"r� w.�� �•� �^h
_,�� �m_ ��...�:.��_�.�.�____.�....'� w_x��,.��� _.._,,__,_,_,_,_,____.
APPROVED AS TO LEGAL FORM:
AARON LEAL, CITY ATTORNEY
� �.
� ,� �• �
BY: _�' � �.... ����' ...;;.... ��",.m�
EpdvTjho!Fowfmpqf!JE;!8G749E6F.:EG7.5C27.BDE8.3E2:43C45G46EpdvTjho!Fowfmpqf!JE;!766:DF8D.4D11.5D98.:946.GCC78676E3:3
SPONSORSHIP AGREEMENT
BETWEEN THE CITY OF DENTON, TEXAS AND
DENTON HOLIDAY FESTIVAL ASSOCIATION, INC.
This Agreement is hereby entered into by and between the City of Denton, Texas, a Home
Rule Municipal Corporation, hereinafter referred to as "City", and Denton Holiday Festival
Association, Inc., a Texas Non-Profit Corporation, hereinafter referred to as
WHEREAS, City has determined that sponsorship of the 2019 Denton Holiday Lighting
Festival serves a public purpose and has provided funds in its budget for the purpose of paying for
the sponsorship of the activities provided by Organization; and
WHEREAS, this Agreement serves a valid municipal and public purpose and is in the
public interest;
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto mutually agree as follows:
I. SCOPE OF SPONSORSHIP
The City shall pay Two Thousand Five Hundred and Seventy Dollars and no/100
($2,570Organization to be utilized by Organization to perform, in
a satisfactory and proper manner, the Denton Holiday Lighting Festival in accordance with the
Sponsorship Funds budget attached hereto as Ex
and
incorporated herein for all purposes .
II. OBLIGATIONS OF ORGANIZATION
In consideration of the receipt of the Sponsorship Funds from City, Organization agrees to
the following terms and conditions:
A. Sponsorship Funds shall be utilized by the Organization only for the purposes set
forth in Article I.
B. Organization shall maintain adequate records to establish that the Sponsorship
Funds are used for the purposes authorized by this Agreement.
C. Organization shall permit authorized officials of City to review its books at any
time.
D. Upon request, Organization shall provide to City its bylaws and any of its rules and
regulations that may be relevant to this Agreement.
E. Organization will not enter into any contracts that would encumber Sponsorship
Funds for a period that would extend beyond the term of this Agreement.
EpdvTjho!Fowfmpqf!JE;!8G749E6F.:EG7.5C27.BDE8.3E2:43C45G46EpdvTjho!Fowfmpqf!JE;!766:DF8D.4D11.5D98.:946.GCC78676E3:3
F. Organization will appoint a representative who will be available to meet with City
officials when requested.
G. Organization shall, at a minimum, provide insurance as follows:
1)!$1,000,000 Commercial General Liability, or $1,000,000 Event Insurance,
covering all events taking place on City-owned property, and
2)!$500,000 Liquor/Dram Shop Liability for any event occurring on City-owned
property where alcohol will be provided or served.
III. TIME OF PERFORMANCE
The Sponsored Activity sponsored by City shall be undertaken and completed by
Organization within the following time frame:
The term of this Agreement shall commence on the Effective Date (hereinafter defined)
and terminate September 30, 2020 unless the contract is sooner terminated pursuant to the terms
of this Agreement.
IV. PAYMENTS
A. City shall pay to Organization the Sponsorship Funds after the Effective Date of
this Agreement.
B. Organization shall refund to City within ten (10) working days of City's request,
any sum of the Sponsorship Funds which has been paid by City and which City at any time
thereafter determines:
1) has resulted in overpayment to Organization;
2) has not been spent strictly in accordance with the terms of this Agreement; or
3) is not supported by adequate documentation to fully justify the expenditure.
V. EVALUATION
Organization agrees to participate in an implementation and maintenance system whereby
the Sponsored Activity can be continuously monitored. Organization shall provide its expenditure
reports, including a list of expenditures and copies of invoices or receipts made with regard to the
Sponsorship Funds, for review by City prior to the termination of this Agreement. In addition,
upon request, Organization agrees to provide City the following data and reports, or copies
thereof:
EpdvTjho!Fowfmpqf!JE;!8G749E6F.:EG7.5C27.BDE8.3E2:43C45G46EpdvTjho!Fowfmpqf!JE;!766:DF8D.4D11.5D98.:946.GCC78676E3:3
A. All financial records and external or internal audits. Organization shall submit a
copy of the annual independent audit to City within ten (10) days of receipt
request.
B. All external or internal evaluation reports.
C. An explanation of any major changes in program services.
D. To comply with this section, Organization agrees to maintain records that will
provide accurate, current, separate, and complete disclosure of the status of Sponsorship
Funds received and the Sponsored Activity performed under this Agreement. The record
system of Organization shall contain sufficient documentation to provide in detail full
support and justification for each expenditure. Organization agrees to retain all books,
records, documents, reports, and written accounting procedures pertaining to the
Sponsored Activity and expenditure of Sponsorship Funds under this Agreement for five
years.
E. Nothing in the above subsections shall be construed to relieve Organization of
responsibility for retaining accurate and current records that clearly reflect the level and
benefit of Sponsored Activity provided under this Agreement.
VI. DIRECTORS' MEETINGS
Upon request, minutes of all meetings of Organizas governing body shall be
available to City within ten (10) working days of approval.
VII. TERMINATION
The City may terminate this Agreement for cause if Organization fails to perform the
Sponsored Activity, violates any covenants, agreements, warranties or guarantees of this
the Organization' violation of any law or regulation to which it is bound under the terms of this
Agreement. The City may terminate this Agreement for other reasons not specifically enumerated
in this paragraph.
VIII. EQUAL OPPORTUNITY AND COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS
A. Organization shall comply with all applicable equal employment opportunity and
affirmative action laws or regulations. Organization agrees not to discriminate against any
person or class of persons by reason of race, sex, sexual orientation, age, disability,
religion, creed, color, genetic testing, or national origin in its provision of the Sponsored
Activity. To the extent this Agreement provides that Organization offer accommodations
or services to the public, such accommodations or services shall be offered by Organization
to the public on fair and reasonable terms.
EpdvTjho!Fowfmpqf!JE;!8G749E6F.:EG7.5C27.BDE8.3E2:43C45G46EpdvTjho!Fowfmpqf!JE;!766:DF8D.4D11.5D98.:946.GCC78676E3:3
B. Organization will furnish all information and reports requested by City, and will
permit access to its books, records, and accounts for purposes of investigation to ascertain
compliance with local, state and federal rules and regulations.
C. In the event of noncompliance by Organization with the nondiscrimination
requirements, the Agreement may be canceled, terminated, or suspended in whole or in
part, and Organization may be barred from further contracts with City.
IX. WARRANTIES
Organization represents and warrants that:
A. All information, reports and data heretofore or hereafter requested by City and
furnished to City, are complete and accurate as of the date shown on the information, data,
or report, and, since that date, have not undergone any significant change without written
notice to City.
B. Any supporting financial statements heretofore requested by City and furnished to
City, are complete, accurate and fairly reflect the financial conditions of Organization on
the date shown on said report, and the results of the operation for the period covered by the
report, and that since said data was provided to City, there has been no material change,
adverse or otherwise, in the financial condition of Organization.
C. No litigation or legal proceedings are presently pending or threatened against
Organization.
D. None of the provisions herein contravenes or is in conflict with the authority under
which Organization is doing business or with the provisions of any existing indenture or
agreement of Organization.
E. Organization has the power to enter into this Agreement and accept payments
hereunder, and has taken all necessary action to authorize such acceptance under the terms
and conditions of this Agreement.
F. None of the assets of Organization are subject to any lien or encumbrance of any
character, except for current taxes not delinquent, except as shown in the financial
statements furnished by Organization to City.
G. Organization acknowledges and agrees that City maintains sole discretion over
which entities are eligible to become a sponsored organization. The Organization has no
expectation, and City has no obligation, to provide any support or funding during and after
the term of this Agreement which exceed the Sponsorship Funds authorized by this
Agreement. Organization disclaims the right to any sponsorship, fees or benefits except as
expressly provided for in this Agreement.
EpdvTjho!Fowfmpqf!JE;!8G749E6F.:EG7.5C27.BDE8.3E2:43C45G46EpdvTjho!Fowfmpqf!JE;!766:DF8D.4D11.5D98.:946.GCC78676E3:3
H. Organization acknowledges and agrees that this Agreement and the provision of the
Sponsored Activity hereunder is nonexclusive and that City may enter into similar
agreements with other entities.
I. The Sponsored Activity described herein shall be provided in accordance with all
ordinances, resolutions, statutes, rules, regulations and laws of the City and any federal,
state and local governmental agency of competent jurisdiction.
J. Organization and any agent or employee of Organization shall act in an independent
capacity and not as officers or employees of the City. City assumes no liability for
of the Sponsored Activity, nor assumes
responsibility for payments, bonds, taxes, or other commitments, implied or explicit, by or
for the Organization. Organization shall not have authority to act as an agent on behalf of
the City.
K. Organization is not opposing the City in any pending or ongoing legal proceeding.
Each of these representations and warranties shall be continuing and shall be deemed to
have been repeated by the submission of each request for payment.
X. CHANGES AND AMENDMENTS
A. Any alterations, additions, or deletions to the terms of this Agreement shall be by
written amendment executed by both parties, except when the terms of this Agreement
expressly provide that another method shall be used.
B. It is understood and agreed by the parties hereto that changes in the state, federal or
local laws or regulations pursuant hereto may occur during the term of this Agreement.
Any such modifications are to be automatically incorporated into this Agreement without
written amendment hereto, and shall become a part of the Agreement on the effective date
specified by the law or regulation.
C. Organization shall notify City of any changes in personnel or governing board
composition.
XI. INDEMNIFICATION
ORGANIZATION AGREES TO INDEMNIFY, HOLD HARMLESS, AND DEFEND
THE CITY, ITS OFFICERS, AGENTS, AND EMPLOYEES FROM AND AGAINST ANY
AND ALL CLAIMS OR SUITS FOR INJURIES, DAMAGE, LOSS, OR LIABILITY OF
WHATEVER KIND OR CHARACTER, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH
THE PERFORMANCE BY THE ORGANIZATION OR THOSE SPONSORED
ACTIVITIES CONTEMPLATED BY THIS AGREEMENT, INCLUDING ALL SUCH
CLAIMS OR CAUSES OF ACTION BASED UPON COMMON, CONSTITUTIONAL OR
STATUTORY LAW, OR BASED, IN WHOLE OR IN PART, UPON ALLEGATIONS OF
NEGLIGENT OR INTENTIONAL ACTS OF ORGANIZATION, ITS OFFICERS,
EMPLOYEES, AGENTS, SUBCONTRACTORS, LICENSEES AND INVITEES.
EpdvTjho!Fowfmpqf!JE;!8G749E6F.:EG7.5C27.BDE8.3E2:43C45G46EpdvTjho!Fowfmpqf!JE;!766:DF8D.4D11.5D98.:946.GCC78676E3:3
XII. CONFLICT OF INTEREST
A. Organization covenants that neither it nor any member of its governing body
presently has any interest, direct or indirect, which would conflict in any manner or degree
with the performance of the Sponsored Activity required to be performed under this
Agreement. Organization further covenants that in the performance of this Agreement, no
person having such interest shall be employed or appointed as a member of its governing
body.
B. Organization further covenants that no member of its governing body or its staff,
subcontractors or employees shall violate or cause to be violated the City Ethics Ordinance,
as amended, or possess any interest in or use his/her position for a purpose that is or gives
the appearance of being motivated by desire for private gain for himself/herself, or others;
particularly those with which he/she has family, business, or other ties.
C. No officer, member, or employee of City and no member of its governing body
who exercises any function or responsibilities in the review or approval of the undertaking
or carrying out of this Agreement shall violate or cause to be violated the City Ethics
Ordinance, as amended, or participate in any decision relating to the Agreement which
affects his personal interest or the interest in any corporation, partnership, or association in
which he has direct or indirect interest.
XIII. PROHIBITED CONTENT
Sponsored Activity recognition, signage, branding, publicity, and advertising in
conjunction with the Agreement shall not contain obscenity; pornography; incitement to imminent
lawless action; speech presenting a grave and imminent threat; fighting words; fraudulent material;
defamatory, libelous, or slanderous material; solicitations to commit, or speech integral to,
criminal conduct; promotion of drugs, tobacco, gambling, or adult entertainment; political
campaign speech, or speech that supports or opposes or appears to support or oppose a ballot
measure or initiative, or refers to any person in or campaigning for public office.
XIV. NOTICE
Any notice or other written instrument required or permitted to be delivered under the terms
of this Agreement shall be deemed to have been delivered, whether actually received or not, when
deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, registered or certified, return receipt
requested, or via hand-delivery or facsimile, addressed to Organization or City, as the case may
be, at the following addresses:
EpdvTjho!Fowfmpqf!JE;!8G749E6F.:EG7.5C27.BDE8.3E2:43C45G46EpdvTjho!Fowfmpqf!JE;!766:DF8D.4D11.5D98.:946.GCC78676E3:3
CITY ORGANIZATION
City of Denton, Texas Denton Holiday Festival Association,
Inc.
Attn: City Manager Board President
215 E. McKinney P.O. Box 2765
Denton, TX 76201 Denton, TX 76201
Fax No. 940.349.8591
Either party may change its mailing address by sending notice of change of address to the other at
the above address by certified mail, return receipt requested.
XV. MISCELLANEOUS
A. Organization shall not transfer, pledge or otherwise assign this Agreement or any
interest therein, or any claim arising thereunder to any party or parties, bank, trust company
or other financial institution without the prior written approval of City.
B. If any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid, illegal, or unenforceable,
the remaining provisions shall remain in full force and effect and continue to conform to
the original intent of both parties hereto.
C. In no event shall any payment to Organization hereunder, or any other act or failure
of City to insist in any one or more instances upon the terms and conditions of this
Agreement constitute or be construed in any way to be a waiver by City of any breach of
covenant or default which may then or subsequently be committed by Organization.
Neither shall such payment, act, or omission in any manner impair or prejudice any right,
power, privilege, or remedy available to City to enforce its rights hereunder, which rights,
powers, privileges, or remedies are always specifically preserved. No representative or
agent of City may waive the effect of this provision.
D. This Agreement, together with referenced exhibits and attachments, constitutes the
entire agreement between the parties hereto, and any prior agreement, assertion, statement,
understanding, or other commitment occurring during the term of this Agreement, or
subsequent thereto, have any legal force or effect whatsoever, unless properly executed in
writing, and if appropriate, recorded as an amendment of this Agreement.
E. This Agreement shall be interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of
Texas and venue of any litigation concerning this Agreement shall be in a court of
competent jurisdiction sitting in Denton County, Texas.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties do hereby affix their signatures and enter into this
Agreement as of the ________ day of ________________, 2019 .
EpdvTjho!Fowfmpqf!JE;!8G749E6F.:EG7.5C27.BDE8.3E2:43C45G46EpdvTjho!Fowfmpqf!JE;!766:DF8D.4D11.5D98.:946.GCC78676E3:3
CITY OF DENTON, TEXAS
____________________________________
TODD HILEMAN, CITY MANAGER
ATTEST:
ROSA RIOS, CITY SECRETARY
BY: _________________________________
APPROVED AS TO LEGAL FORM:
AARON LEAL, CITY ATTORNEY
BY: _________________________________
DENTON HOLIDAY FESTIVAL
ASSOCIATION, INC.
___________________________________
BOARD PRESIDENT
EpdvTjho!Fowfmpqf!JE;!8G749E6F.:EG7.5C27.BDE8.3E2:43C45G46EpdvTjho!Fowfmpqf!JE;!766:DF8D.4D11.5D98.:946.GCC78676E3:3
EXHIBIT A
SPONSORSHIP FUND BUDGET
Denton Holiday Festival Association, Inc.
2019 Denton Holiday Lighting Festival
Street Barricades $ 1,400
Chair Rentals 600
Sign Hanging 570
Total $ 2,570
EpdvTjho!Fowfmpqf!JE;!766:DF8D.4D11.5D98.:946.GCC78676E3:3
Dfsujgjdbuf!Pg!Dpnqmfujpo
Fowfmpqf!Je;!8G749E6F:EG75C27BDE83E2:43C45G46Tubuvt;!Dpnqmfufe
Tvckfdu;!Qmfbtf!EpdvTjho;!EIGB!Tqpotps!2:!31/qeg
Tpvsdf!Fowfmpqf;!
Epdvnfou!Qbhft;!:Tjhobuvsft;!3Fowfmpqf!Psjhjobups;!
Dfsujgjdbuf!Qbhft;!6Jojujbmt;!1Sboeff!Lmjohfmf
BvupObw;!Fobcmfe:12C!Ufybt!Tusffu
FowfmpqfJe!Tubnqjoh;!FobcmfeEfoupo-!UY!!8731:
Ujnf!\[pof;!)VUD.17;11*!Dfousbm!Ujnf!)VT!'!Dbobeb*sboeff/lmjohfmfAdjuzpgefoupo/dpn
JQ!Beesftt;!23:/231/7/261
Sfdpse!Usbdljoh
Tubuvt;!PsjhjobmIpmefs;!Sboeff!LmjohfmfMpdbujpo;!EpdvTjho
!!!!!!!!!!!!!:0270312:!22;54;23!BN!!!!!!!!!!!!!sboeff/lmjohfmfAdjuzpgefoupo/dpn
Tjhofs!FwfoutTjhobuvsfUjnftubnq
Nbdl!SfjoxboeTfou;!:0270312:!22;55;61!BN
nbdl/sfjoxboeAdjuzpgefoupo/dpnWjfxfe;!:0270312:!2;22;68!QN!
Djuz!pg!EfoupoTjhofe;!:0270312:!2;23;19!QN
Tfdvsjuz!Mfwfm;!Fnbjm-!Bddpvou!Bvuifoujdbujpo!
Tjhobuvsf!Bepqujpo;!Qsf.tfmfdufe!Tuzmf
)Opof*
Vtjoh!JQ!Beesftt;!23:/231/7/261
Fmfduspojd!Sfdpse!boe!Tjhobuvsf!Ejtdmptvsf;!
!!!!!!Opu!Pggfsfe!wjb!EpdvTjho
Cspplf!NppsfTfou;!:0270312:!2;23;1:!QN
ocspplfnppsfAzbipp/dpnSftfou;!:0410312:!:;18;46!BN
Tfdvsjuz!Mfwfm;!Fnbjm-!Bddpvou!Bvuifoujdbujpo!Sftfou;!:0410312:!:;18;53!BN
)Opof*
Wjfxfe;!:0410312:!:;28;59!BN!
Tjhobuvsf!Bepqujpo;!Esbxo!po!Efwjdf
Tjhofe;!21020312:!8;29;63!QN
Vtjoh!JQ!Beesftt;!58/295/:2/274
Tjhofe!vtjoh!npcjmf
Fmfduspojd!Sfdpse!boe!Tjhobuvsf!Ejtdmptvsf;!
!!!!!!Bddfqufe;!21020312:!8;29;3:!QN
!!!!!!JE;!fe3c:g99.4dec.5913.92c3.5142bb7b6e19
Jo!Qfstpo!Tjhofs!FwfoutTjhobuvsfUjnftubnq
Fejups!Efmjwfsz!FwfoutTubuvtUjnftubnq
Bhfou!Efmjwfsz!FwfoutTubuvtUjnftubnq
Joufsnfejbsz!Efmjwfsz!FwfoutTubuvtUjnftubnq
Dfsujgjfe!Efmjwfsz!FwfoutTubuvtUjnftubnq
Dbscpo!Dpqz!FwfoutTubuvtUjnftubnq
Xjuoftt!FwfoutTjhobuvsfUjnftubnq
Opubsz!FwfoutTjhobuvsfUjnftubnq
Fowfmpqf!Tvnnbsz!FwfoutTubuvtUjnftubnqt
Fowfmpqf!TfouIbtife0Fodszqufe:0410312:!:;18;53!BN
Dfsujgjfe!EfmjwfsfeTfdvsjuz!Difdlfe:0410312:!:;28;59!BN
EpdvTjho!Fowfmpqf!JE;!766:DF8D.4D11.5D98.:946.GCC78676E3:3
Fowfmpqf!Tvnnbsz!FwfoutTubuvtUjnftubnqt
Tjhojoh!DpnqmfufTfdvsjuz!Difdlfe21020312:!8;29;63!QN
DpnqmfufeTfdvsjuz!Difdlfe21020312:!8;29;63!QN
Qbznfou!FwfoutTubuvtUjnftubnqt
Fmfduspojd!Sfdpse!boe!Tjhobuvsf!Ejtdmptvsf
EpdvTjho!Fowfmpqf!JE;!766:DF8D.4D11.5D98.:946.GCC78676E3:3
FMFDUSPOJD!SFDPSE!BOE!TJHOBUVSF!EJTDMPTVSF!
Gspn!ujnf!up!ujnf-!Djuz!pg!Efoupo!)xf-!vt!ps!Dpnqboz*!nbz!cf!sfrvjsfe!cz!mbx!up!qspwjef!up
zpv!dfsubjo!xsjuufo!opujdft!ps!ejtdmptvsft/!Eftdsjcfe!cfmpx!bsf!uif!ufsnt!boe!dpoejujpot!gps
qspwjejoh!up!zpv!tvdi!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft!fmfduspojdbmmz!uispvhi!zpvs!EpdvTjho-!Jod/
)EpdvTjho*!Fyqsftt!vtfs!bddpvou/!Qmfbtf!sfbe!uif!jogpsnbujpo!cfmpx!dbsfgvmmz!boe!uipspvhimz-
boe!jg!zpv!dbo!bddftt!uijt!jogpsnbujpo!fmfduspojdbmmz!up!zpvs!tbujtgbdujpo!boe!bhsff!up!uiftf!ufsnt
boe!dpoejujpot-!qmfbtf!dpogjsn!zpvs!bhsffnfou!cz!dmjdljoh!uif!(J!bhsff(!cvuupo!bu!uif!cpuupn!pg
uijt!epdvnfou/!
Hfuujoh!qbqfs!dpqjft!
Bu!boz!ujnf-!zpv!nbz!sfrvftu!gspn!vt!b!qbqfs!dpqz!pg!boz!sfdpse!qspwjefe!ps!nbef!bwbjmbcmf
fmfduspojdbmmz!up!zpv!cz!vt/!Gps!tvdi!dpqjft-!bt!mpoh!bt!zpv!bsf!bo!bvuipsj{fe!vtfs!pg!uif
EpdvTjho!tztufn!zpv!xjmm!ibwf!uif!bcjmjuz!up!epxompbe!boe!qsjou!boz!epdvnfout!xf!tfoe!up!zpv
uispvhi!zpvs!EpdvTjho!vtfs!bddpvou!gps!b!mjnjufe!qfsjpe!pg!ujnf!)vtvbmmz!41!ebzt*!bgufs!tvdi
epdvnfout!bsf!gjstu!tfou!up!zpv/!Bgufs!tvdi!ujnf-!jg!zpv!xjti!gps!vt!up!tfoe!zpv!qbqfs!dpqjft!pg
boz!tvdi!epdvnfout!gspn!pvs!pggjdf!up!zpv-!zpv!xjmm!cf!dibshfe!b!%1/11!qfs.qbhf!gff/!Zpv!nbz
sfrvftu!efmjwfsz!pg!tvdi!qbqfs!dpqjft!gspn!vt!cz!gpmmpxjoh!uif!qspdfevsf!eftdsjcfe!cfmpx/!
Xjuiesbxjoh!zpvs!dpotfou!
Jg!zpv!efdjef!up!sfdfjwf!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft!gspn!vt!fmfduspojdbmmz-!zpv!nbz!bu!boz!ujnf
dibohf!zpvs!njoe!boe!ufmm!vt!uibu!uifsfbgufs!zpv!xbou!up!sfdfjwf!sfrvjsfe!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft
pomz!jo!qbqfs!gpsnbu/!Ipx!zpv!nvtu!jogpsn!vt!pg!zpvs!efdjtjpo!up!sfdfjwf!gvuvsf!opujdft!boe
ejtdmptvsf!jo!qbqfs!gpsnbu!boe!xjuiesbx!zpvs!dpotfou!up!sfdfjwf!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft
fmfduspojdbmmz!jt!eftdsjcfe!cfmpx/!
Dpotfrvfodft!pg!dibohjoh!zpvs!njoe!
Jg!zpv!fmfdu!up!sfdfjwf!sfrvjsfe!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft!pomz!jo!qbqfs!gpsnbu-!ju!xjmm!tmpx!uif
tqffe!bu!xijdi!xf!dbo!dpnqmfuf!dfsubjo!tufqt!jo!usbotbdujpot!xjui!zpv!boe!efmjwfsjoh!tfswjdft!up
zpv!cfdbvtf!xf!xjmm!offe!gjstu!up!tfoe!uif!sfrvjsfe!opujdft!ps!ejtdmptvsft!up!zpv!jo!qbqfs!gpsnbu-
boe!uifo!xbju!voujm!xf!sfdfjwf!cbdl!gspn!zpv!zpvs!bdlopxmfehnfou!pg!zpvs!sfdfjqu!pg!tvdi
qbqfs!opujdft!ps!ejtdmptvsft/!Up!joejdbuf!up!vt!uibu!zpv!bsf!dibohjoh!zpvs!njoe-!zpv!nvtu
xjuiesbx!zpvs!dpotfou!vtjoh!uif!EpdvTjho!(Xjuiesbx!Dpotfou(!gpsn!po!uif!tjhojoh!qbhf!pg!zpvs
EpdvTjho!bddpvou/!Uijt!xjmm!joejdbuf!up!vt!uibu!zpv!ibwf!xjuiesbxo!zpvs!dpotfou!up!sfdfjwf
sfrvjsfe!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft!fmfduspojdbmmz!gspn!vt!boe!zpv!xjmm!op!mpohfs!cf!bcmf!up!vtf!zpvs
EpdvTjho!Fyqsftt!vtfs!bddpvou!up!sfdfjwf!sfrvjsfe!opujdft!boe!dpotfout!fmfduspojdbmmz!gspn!vt
ps!up!tjho!fmfduspojdbmmz!epdvnfout!gspn!vt/!
Bmm!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft!xjmm!cf!tfou!up!zpv!fmfduspojdbmmz!
Vomftt!zpv!ufmm!vt!puifsxjtf!jo!bddpsebodf!xjui!uif!qspdfevsft!eftdsjcfe!ifsfjo-!xf!xjmm!qspwjef
fmfduspojdbmmz!up!zpv!uispvhi!zpvs!EpdvTjho!vtfs!bddpvou!bmm!sfrvjsfe!opujdft-!ejtdmptvsft-
bvuipsj{bujpot-!bdlopxmfehfnfout-!boe!puifs!epdvnfout!uibu!bsf!sfrvjsfe!up!cf!qspwjefe!ps
nbef!bwbjmbcmf!up!zpv!evsjoh!uif!dpvstf!pg!pvs!sfmbujpotijq!xjui!zpv/!Up!sfevdf!uif!dibodf!pg
zpv!jobewfsufoumz!opu!sfdfjwjoh!boz!opujdf!ps!ejtdmptvsf-!xf!qsfgfs!up!qspwjef!bmm!pg!uif!sfrvjsfe
opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft!up!zpv!cz!uif!tbnf!nfuipe!boe!up!uif!tbnf!beesftt!uibu!zpv!ibwf!hjwfo
vt/!Uivt-!zpv!dbo!sfdfjwf!bmm!uif!ejtdmptvsft!boe!opujdft!fmfduspojdbmmz!ps!jo!qbqfs!gpsnbu!uispvhi
uif!qbqfs!nbjm!efmjwfsz!tztufn/!Jg!zpv!ep!opu!bhsff!xjui!uijt!qspdftt-!qmfbtf!mfu!vt!lopx!bt
eftdsjcfe!cfmpx/!Qmfbtf!bmtp!tff!uif!qbsbhsbqi!jnnfejbufmz!bcpwf!uibu!eftdsjcft!uif
dpotfrvfodft!pg!zpvs!fmfdujoh!opu!up!sfdfjwf!efmjwfsz!pg!uif!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft
fmfduspojdbmmz!gspn!vt/!
EpdvTjho!Fowfmpqf!JE;!766:DF8D.4D11.5D98.:946.GCC78676E3:3
Ipx!up!dpoubdu!Djuz!pg!Efoupo;!
Zpv!nbz!dpoubdu!vt!up!mfu!vt!lopx!pg!zpvs!dibohft!bt!up!ipx!xf!nbz!dpoubdu!zpv!fmfduspojdbmmz-
up!sfrvftu!qbqfs!dpqjft!pg!dfsubjo!jogpsnbujpo!gspn!vt-!boe!up!xjuiesbx!zpvs!qsjps!dpotfou!up
sfdfjwf!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft!fmfduspojdbmmz!bt!gpmmpxt;
!Up!dpoubdu!vt!cz!fnbjm!tfoe!nfttbhft!up;!qvsdibtjohAdjuzpgefoupo/dpn
!
Up!bewjtf!Djuz!pg!Efoupo!pg!zpvs!ofx!f.nbjm!beesftt!
Up!mfu!vt!lopx!pg!b!dibohf!jo!zpvs!f.nbjm!beesftt!xifsf!xf!tipvme!tfoe!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft
fmfduspojdbmmz!up!zpv-!zpv!nvtu!tfoe!bo!fnbjm!nfttbhf!up!vt!bu!nfmjttb/lsbguAdjuzpgefoupo/dpn!
boe!jo!uif!cpez!pg!tvdi!sfrvftu!zpv!nvtu!tubuf;!zpvs!qsfwjpvt!f.nbjm!beesftt-!zpvs!ofx!f.nbjm
beesftt/!!Xf!ep!opu!sfrvjsf!boz!puifs!jogpsnbujpo!gspn!zpv!up!dibohf!zpvs!fnbjm!beesftt//!!
Jo!beejujpo-!zpv!nvtu!opujgz!EpdvTjho-!Jod!up!bssbohf!gps!zpvs!ofx!fnbjm!beesftt!up!cf!sfgmfdufe
jo!zpvs!EpdvTjho!bddpvou!cz!gpmmpxjoh!uif!qspdftt!gps!dibohjoh!f.nbjm!jo!EpdvTjho/!
Up!sfrvftu!qbqfs!dpqjft!gspn!Djuz!pg!Efoupo!
Up!sfrvftu!efmjwfsz!gspn!vt!pg!qbqfs!dpqjft!pg!uif!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft!qsfwjpvtmz!qspwjefe
cz!vt!up!zpv!fmfduspojdbmmz-!zpv!nvtu!tfoe!vt!bo!f.nbjm!up!qvsdibtjohAdjuzpgefoupo/dpn!boe!jo
uif!cpez!pg!tvdi!sfrvftu!zpv!nvtu!tubuf!zpvs!f.nbjm!beesftt-!gvmm!obnf-!VT!Qptubm!beesftt-!boe
ufmfqipof!ovncfs/!Xf!xjmm!cjmm!zpv!gps!boz!gfft!bu!uibu!ujnf-!jg!boz/!
Up!xjuiesbx!zpvs!dpotfou!xjui!Djuz!pg!Efoupo!
Up!jogpsn!vt!uibu!zpv!op!mpohfs!xbou!up!sfdfjwf!gvuvsf!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft!jo!fmfduspojd
gpsnbu!zpv!nbz;
j/!efdmjof!up!tjho!b!epdvnfou!gspn!xjuijo!zpvs!EpdvTjho!bddpvou-!boe!po!uif!tvctfrvfou
qbhf-!tfmfdu!uif!difdl.cpy!joejdbujoh!zpv!xjti!up!xjuiesbx!zpvs!dpotfou-!ps!zpv!nbz<
jj/!tfoe!vt!bo!f.nbjm!up!qvsdibtjohAdjuzpgefoupo/dpn!boe!jo!uif!cpez!pg!tvdi!sfrvftu!zpv
nvtu!tubuf!zpvs!f.nbjm-!gvmm!obnf-!JT!Qptubm!Beesftt-!ufmfqipof!ovncfs-!boe!bddpvou
ovncfs/!Xf!ep!opu!offe!boz!puifs!jogpsnbujpo!gspn!zpv!up!xjuiesbx!dpotfou//!!Uif
dpotfrvfodft!pg!zpvs!xjuiesbxjoh!dpotfou!gps!pomjof!epdvnfout!xjmm!cf!uibu!usbotbdujpot
nbz!ublf!b!mpohfs!ujnf!up!qspdftt//!
Sfrvjsfe!ibsexbsf!boe!tpguxbsf!
Pqfsbujoh!Tztufnt;!Xjoepxt3111@!ps!XjoepxtYQ@!
Cspxtfst!)gps!TFOEFST*;!Joufsofu!Fyqmpsfs!7/1@!ps!bcpwf!
Cspxtfst!)gps!TJHOFST*;!Joufsofu!Fyqmpsfs!7/1@-!Np{jmmb!GjsfGpy!2/1-
OfuTdbqf!8/3!)ps!bcpwf*!
Fnbjm;!Bddftt!up!b!wbmje!fnbjm!bddpvou!
Tdsffo!Sftpmvujpo;!911!y!711!njojnvn!
Fobcmfe!Tfdvsjuz!Tfuujoht;!
Bmmpx!qfs!tfttjpo!dppljft
!
Vtfst!bddfttjoh!uif!joufsofu!cfijoe!b!Qspyz
Tfswfs!nvtu!fobcmf!IUUQ!2/2!tfuujoht!wjb
qspyz!dpoofdujpo!
++!Uiftf!njojnvn!sfrvjsfnfout!bsf!tvckfdu!up!dibohf/!Jg!uiftf!sfrvjsfnfout!dibohf-!xf!xjmm
qspwjef!zpv!xjui!bo!fnbjm!nfttbhf!bu!uif!fnbjm!beesftt!xf!ibwf!po!gjmf!gps!zpv!bu!uibu!ujnf
qspwjejoh!zpv!xjui!uif!sfwjtfe!ibsexbsf!boe!tpguxbsf!sfrvjsfnfout-!bu!xijdi!ujnf!zpv!xjmm
ibwf!uif!sjhiu!up!xjuiesbx!zpvs!dpotfou/!
EpdvTjho!Fowfmpqf!JE;!766:DF8D.4D11.5D98.:946.GCC78676E3:3
Bdlopxmfehjoh!zpvs!bddftt!boe!dpotfou!up!sfdfjwf!nbufsjbmt!fmfduspojdbmmz!
Up!dpogjsn!up!vt!uibu!zpv!dbo!bddftt!uijt!jogpsnbujpo!fmfduspojdbmmz-!xijdi!xjmm!cf!tjnjmbs!up
puifs!fmfduspojd!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft!uibu!xf!xjmm!qspwjef!up!zpv-!qmfbtf!wfsjgz!uibu!zpv
xfsf!bcmf!up!sfbe!uijt!fmfduspojd!ejtdmptvsf!boe!uibu!zpv!bmtp!xfsf!bcmf!up!qsjou!po!qbqfs!ps
fmfduspojdbmmz!tbwf!uijt!qbhf!gps!zpvs!gvuvsf!sfgfsfodf!boe!bddftt!ps!uibu!zpv!xfsf!bcmf!up
f.nbjm!uijt!ejtdmptvsf!boe!dpotfou!up!bo!beesftt!xifsf!zpv!xjmm!cf!bcmf!up!qsjou!po!qbqfs!ps
tbwf!ju!gps!zpvs!gvuvsf!sfgfsfodf!boe!bddftt/!Gvsuifs-!jg!zpv!dpotfou!up!sfdfjwjoh!opujdft!boe
ejtdmptvsft!fydmvtjwfmz!jo!fmfduspojd!gpsnbu!po!uif!ufsnt!boe!dpoejujpot!eftdsjcfe!bcpwf-
qmfbtf!mfu!vt!lopx!cz!dmjdljoh!uif!(J!bhsff(!cvuupo!cfmpx/!
Cz!difdljoh!uif!(J!Bhsff(!cpy-!J!dpogjsn!uibu;!
J!dbo!bddftt!boe!sfbe!uijt!Fmfduspojd!DPOTFOU!UP!FMFDUSPOJD!SFDFJQU!PG
FMFDUSPOJD!SFDPSE!BOE!TJHOBUVSF!EJTDMPTVSFT!epdvnfou<!boe
!
J!dbo!qsjou!po!qbqfs!uif!ejtdmptvsf!ps!tbwf!ps!tfoe!uif!ejtdmptvsf!up!b!qmbdf!xifsf!J!dbo
qsjou!ju-!gps!gvuvsf!sfgfsfodf!boe!bddftt<!boe
!
Voujm!ps!vomftt!J!opujgz!Djuz!pg!Efoupo!bt!eftdsjcfe!bcpwf-!J!dpotfou!up!sfdfjwf!gspn
fydmvtjwfmz!uispvhi!fmfduspojd!nfbot!bmm!opujdft-!ejtdmptvsft-!bvuipsj{bujpot-
bdlopxmfehfnfout-!boe!puifs!epdvnfout!uibu!bsf!sfrvjsfe!up!cf!qspwjefe!ps!nbef
bwbjmbcmf!up!nf!cz!!Djuz!pg!Efoupo!evsjoh!uif!dpvstf!pg!nz!sfmbujpotijq!xjui!zpv/
!
Dfsujgjdbuf!Pg!Dpnqmfujpo
Fowfmpqf!Je;!766:DF8D4D115D98:946GCC78676E3:3Tubuvt;!Dpnqmfufe
Tvckfdu;!Qmfbtf!EpdvTjho;!EIGB!Psjeobodf!Dpousbdu/qeg
Tpvsdf!Fowfmpqf;!
Epdvnfou!Qbhft;!25Tjhobuvsft;!3Fowfmpqf!Psjhjobups;!
Dfsujgjdbuf!Qbhft;!6Jojujbmt;!1Sboeff!Lmjohfmf
BvupObw;!Fobcmfe:12C!Ufybt!Tusffu
FowfmpqfJe!Tubnqjoh;!FobcmfeEfoupo-!UY!!8731:
Ujnf!\[pof;!)VUD.17;11*!Dfousbm!Ujnf!)VT!'!Dbobeb*sboeff/lmjohfmfAdjuzpgefoupo/dpn
JQ!Beesftt;!23:/231/7/261
Sfdpse!Usbdljoh
Tubuvt;!PsjhjobmIpmefs;!Sboeff!LmjohfmfMpdbujpo;!EpdvTjho
!!!!!!!!!!!!!220220312:!22;28;4:!BN!!!!!!!!!!!!!sboeff/lmjohfmfAdjuzpgefoupo/dpn
Tjhofs!FwfoutTjhobuvsfUjnftubnq
Sboeff!LmjohfmfTfou;!220220312:!22;2:;19!BN
Dpnqmfufe
sboeff/lmjohfmfAdjuzpgefoupo/dpnWjfxfe;!220220312:!22;2:;26!BN!
Ts!Usfbtvsz!BobmztuTjhofe;!220220312:!22;2:;36!BN
Vtjoh!JQ!Beesftt;!23:/231/7/261
Djuz!pg!Efoupo
Tfdvsjuz!Mfwfm;!Fnbjm-!Bddpvou!Bvuifoujdbujpo!
)Opof*
Fmfduspojd!Sfdpse!boe!Tjhobuvsf!Ejtdmptvsf;!
!!!!!!Opu!Pggfsfe!wjb!EpdvTjho
Upee!IjmfnboTfou;!220220312:!22;2:;37!BN
upee/ijmfnboAdjuzpgefoupo/dpnWjfxfe;!220220312:!22;37;12!BN!
Djuz!NbobhfsTjhofe;!220220312:!22;37;16!BN
Djuz!pg!Efoupo
Tjhobuvsf!Bepqujpo;!Qsf.tfmfdufe!Tuzmf
Tfdvsjuz!Mfwfm;!Fnbjm-!Bddpvou!Bvuifoujdbujpo!
Vtjoh!JQ!Beesftt;!23:/231/7/261
)Opof*
Fmfduspojd!Sfdpse!boe!Tjhobuvsf!Ejtdmptvsf;!
!!!!!!Bddfqufe;!803603128!22;13;25!BN
!!!!!!JE;!6872:gcg.3bfd.5c2g.916e.7ce8e::77g32
Sptb!SjptTfou;!220220312:!22;37;18!BN
sptb/sjptAdjuzpgefoupo/dpnWjfxfe;!220220312:!23;16;16!QN!
Djuz!TfdsfubszTjhofe;!220220312:!23;16;25!QN
Tfdvsjuz!Mfwfm;!Fnbjm-!Bddpvou!Bvuifoujdbujpo!
Tjhobuvsf!Bepqujpo;!Qsf.tfmfdufe!Tuzmf
)Opof*
Vtjoh!JQ!Beesftt;!23:/231/7/261
Fmfduspojd!Sfdpse!boe!Tjhobuvsf!Ejtdmptvsf;!
!!!!!!Bddfqufe;!220220312:!23;16;16!QN
!!!!!!JE;!f9c9f7ge.8371.53b4.b162.df:66582b7f4
Jo!Qfstpo!Tjhofs!FwfoutTjhobuvsfUjnftubnq
Fejups!Efmjwfsz!FwfoutTubuvtUjnftubnq
Bhfou!Efmjwfsz!FwfoutTubuvtUjnftubnq
Joufsnfejbsz!Efmjwfsz!FwfoutTubuvtUjnftubnq
Dfsujgjfe!Efmjwfsz!FwfoutTubuvtUjnftubnq
Dbscpo!Dpqz!FwfoutTubuvtUjnftubnq
Xjuoftt!FwfoutTjhobuvsfUjnftubnq
Opubsz!FwfoutTjhobuvsfUjnftubnq
Fowfmpqf!Tvnnbsz!FwfoutTubuvtUjnftubnqt
Fowfmpqf!TfouIbtife0Fodszqufe220220312:!22;37;18!BN
Dfsujgjfe!EfmjwfsfeTfdvsjuz!Difdlfe220220312:!23;16;16!QN
Tjhojoh!DpnqmfufTfdvsjuz!Difdlfe220220312:!23;16;25!QN
DpnqmfufeTfdvsjuz!Difdlfe220220312:!23;16;25!QN
Qbznfou!FwfoutTubuvtUjnftubnqt
Fmfduspojd!Sfdpse!boe!Tjhobuvsf!Ejtdmptvsf
FMFDUSPOJD!SFDPSE!BOE!TJHOBUVSF!EJTDMPTVSF!
Gspn!ujnf!up!ujnf-!Djuz!pg!Efoupo!)xf-!vt!ps!Dpnqboz*!nbz!cf!sfrvjsfe!cz!mbx!up!qspwjef!up
zpv!dfsubjo!xsjuufo!opujdft!ps!ejtdmptvsft/!Eftdsjcfe!cfmpx!bsf!uif!ufsnt!boe!dpoejujpot!gps
qspwjejoh!up!zpv!tvdi!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft!fmfduspojdbmmz!uispvhi!zpvs!EpdvTjho-!Jod/
)EpdvTjho*!Fyqsftt!vtfs!bddpvou/!Qmfbtf!sfbe!uif!jogpsnbujpo!cfmpx!dbsfgvmmz!boe!uipspvhimz-
boe!jg!zpv!dbo!bddftt!uijt!jogpsnbujpo!fmfduspojdbmmz!up!zpvs!tbujtgbdujpo!boe!bhsff!up!uiftf!ufsnt
boe!dpoejujpot-!qmfbtf!dpogjsn!zpvs!bhsffnfou!cz!dmjdljoh!uif!(J!bhsff(!cvuupo!bu!uif!cpuupn!pg
uijt!epdvnfou/!
Hfuujoh!qbqfs!dpqjft!
Bu!boz!ujnf-!zpv!nbz!sfrvftu!gspn!vt!b!qbqfs!dpqz!pg!boz!sfdpse!qspwjefe!ps!nbef!bwbjmbcmf
fmfduspojdbmmz!up!zpv!cz!vt/!Gps!tvdi!dpqjft-!bt!mpoh!bt!zpv!bsf!bo!bvuipsj{fe!vtfs!pg!uif
EpdvTjho!tztufn!zpv!xjmm!ibwf!uif!bcjmjuz!up!epxompbe!boe!qsjou!boz!epdvnfout!xf!tfoe!up!zpv
uispvhi!zpvs!EpdvTjho!vtfs!bddpvou!gps!b!mjnjufe!qfsjpe!pg!ujnf!)vtvbmmz!41!ebzt*!bgufs!tvdi
epdvnfout!bsf!gjstu!tfou!up!zpv/!Bgufs!tvdi!ujnf-!jg!zpv!xjti!gps!vt!up!tfoe!zpv!qbqfs!dpqjft!pg
boz!tvdi!epdvnfout!gspn!pvs!pggjdf!up!zpv-!zpv!xjmm!cf!dibshfe!b!%1/11!qfs.qbhf!gff/!Zpv!nbz
sfrvftu!efmjwfsz!pg!tvdi!qbqfs!dpqjft!gspn!vt!cz!gpmmpxjoh!uif!qspdfevsf!eftdsjcfe!cfmpx/!
Xjuiesbxjoh!zpvs!dpotfou!
Jg!zpv!efdjef!up!sfdfjwf!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft!gspn!vt!fmfduspojdbmmz-!zpv!nbz!bu!boz!ujnf
dibohf!zpvs!njoe!boe!ufmm!vt!uibu!uifsfbgufs!zpv!xbou!up!sfdfjwf!sfrvjsfe!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft
pomz!jo!qbqfs!gpsnbu/!Ipx!zpv!nvtu!jogpsn!vt!pg!zpvs!efdjtjpo!up!sfdfjwf!gvuvsf!opujdft!boe
ejtdmptvsf!jo!qbqfs!gpsnbu!boe!xjuiesbx!zpvs!dpotfou!up!sfdfjwf!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft
fmfduspojdbmmz!jt!eftdsjcfe!cfmpx/!
Dpotfrvfodft!pg!dibohjoh!zpvs!njoe!
Jg!zpv!fmfdu!up!sfdfjwf!sfrvjsfe!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft!pomz!jo!qbqfs!gpsnbu-!ju!xjmm!tmpx!uif
tqffe!bu!xijdi!xf!dbo!dpnqmfuf!dfsubjo!tufqt!jo!usbotbdujpot!xjui!zpv!boe!efmjwfsjoh!tfswjdft!up
zpv!cfdbvtf!xf!xjmm!offe!gjstu!up!tfoe!uif!sfrvjsfe!opujdft!ps!ejtdmptvsft!up!zpv!jo!qbqfs!gpsnbu-
boe!uifo!xbju!voujm!xf!sfdfjwf!cbdl!gspn!zpv!zpvs!bdlopxmfehnfou!pg!zpvs!sfdfjqu!pg!tvdi
qbqfs!opujdft!ps!ejtdmptvsft/!Up!joejdbuf!up!vt!uibu!zpv!bsf!dibohjoh!zpvs!njoe-!zpv!nvtu
xjuiesbx!zpvs!dpotfou!vtjoh!uif!EpdvTjho!(Xjuiesbx!Dpotfou(!gpsn!po!uif!tjhojoh!qbhf!pg!zpvs
EpdvTjho!bddpvou/!Uijt!xjmm!joejdbuf!up!vt!uibu!zpv!ibwf!xjuiesbxo!zpvs!dpotfou!up!sfdfjwf
sfrvjsfe!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft!fmfduspojdbmmz!gspn!vt!boe!zpv!xjmm!op!mpohfs!cf!bcmf!up!vtf!zpvs
EpdvTjho!Fyqsftt!vtfs!bddpvou!up!sfdfjwf!sfrvjsfe!opujdft!boe!dpotfout!fmfduspojdbmmz!gspn!vt
ps!up!tjho!fmfduspojdbmmz!epdvnfout!gspn!vt/!
Bmm!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft!xjmm!cf!tfou!up!zpv!fmfduspojdbmmz!
Vomftt!zpv!ufmm!vt!puifsxjtf!jo!bddpsebodf!xjui!uif!qspdfevsft!eftdsjcfe!ifsfjo-!xf!xjmm!qspwjef
fmfduspojdbmmz!up!zpv!uispvhi!zpvs!EpdvTjho!vtfs!bddpvou!bmm!sfrvjsfe!opujdft-!ejtdmptvsft-
bvuipsj{bujpot-!bdlopxmfehfnfout-!boe!puifs!epdvnfout!uibu!bsf!sfrvjsfe!up!cf!qspwjefe!ps
nbef!bwbjmbcmf!up!zpv!evsjoh!uif!dpvstf!pg!pvs!sfmbujpotijq!xjui!zpv/!Up!sfevdf!uif!dibodf!pg
zpv!jobewfsufoumz!opu!sfdfjwjoh!boz!opujdf!ps!ejtdmptvsf-!xf!qsfgfs!up!qspwjef!bmm!pg!uif!sfrvjsfe
opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft!up!zpv!cz!uif!tbnf!nfuipe!boe!up!uif!tbnf!beesftt!uibu!zpv!ibwf!hjwfo
vt/!Uivt-!zpv!dbo!sfdfjwf!bmm!uif!ejtdmptvsft!boe!opujdft!fmfduspojdbmmz!ps!jo!qbqfs!gpsnbu!uispvhi
uif!qbqfs!nbjm!efmjwfsz!tztufn/!Jg!zpv!ep!opu!bhsff!xjui!uijt!qspdftt-!qmfbtf!mfu!vt!lopx!bt
eftdsjcfe!cfmpx/!Qmfbtf!bmtp!tff!uif!qbsbhsbqi!jnnfejbufmz!bcpwf!uibu!eftdsjcft!uif
dpotfrvfodft!pg!zpvs!fmfdujoh!opu!up!sfdfjwf!efmjwfsz!pg!uif!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft
fmfduspojdbmmz!gspn!vt/!
Ipx!up!dpoubdu!Djuz!pg!Efoupo;!
Zpv!nbz!dpoubdu!vt!up!mfu!vt!lopx!pg!zpvs!dibohft!bt!up!ipx!xf!nbz!dpoubdu!zpv!fmfduspojdbmmz-
up!sfrvftu!qbqfs!dpqjft!pg!dfsubjo!jogpsnbujpo!gspn!vt-!boe!up!xjuiesbx!zpvs!qsjps!dpotfou!up
sfdfjwf!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft!fmfduspojdbmmz!bt!gpmmpxt;
!Up!dpoubdu!vt!cz!fnbjm!tfoe!nfttbhft!up;!qvsdibtjohAdjuzpgefoupo/dpn
!
Up!bewjtf!Djuz!pg!Efoupo!pg!zpvs!ofx!f.nbjm!beesftt!
Up!mfu!vt!lopx!pg!b!dibohf!jo!zpvs!f.nbjm!beesftt!xifsf!xf!tipvme!tfoe!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft
fmfduspojdbmmz!up!zpv-!zpv!nvtu!tfoe!bo!fnbjm!nfttbhf!up!vt!bu!nfmjttb/lsbguAdjuzpgefoupo/dpn!
boe!jo!uif!cpez!pg!tvdi!sfrvftu!zpv!nvtu!tubuf;!zpvs!qsfwjpvt!f.nbjm!beesftt-!zpvs!ofx!f.nbjm
beesftt/!!Xf!ep!opu!sfrvjsf!boz!puifs!jogpsnbujpo!gspn!zpv!up!dibohf!zpvs!fnbjm!beesftt//!!
Jo!beejujpo-!zpv!nvtu!opujgz!EpdvTjho-!Jod!up!bssbohf!gps!zpvs!ofx!fnbjm!beesftt!up!cf!sfgmfdufe
jo!zpvs!EpdvTjho!bddpvou!cz!gpmmpxjoh!uif!qspdftt!gps!dibohjoh!f.nbjm!jo!EpdvTjho/!
Up!sfrvftu!qbqfs!dpqjft!gspn!Djuz!pg!Efoupo!
Up!sfrvftu!efmjwfsz!gspn!vt!pg!qbqfs!dpqjft!pg!uif!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft!qsfwjpvtmz!qspwjefe
cz!vt!up!zpv!fmfduspojdbmmz-!zpv!nvtu!tfoe!vt!bo!f.nbjm!up!qvsdibtjohAdjuzpgefoupo/dpn!boe!jo
uif!cpez!pg!tvdi!sfrvftu!zpv!nvtu!tubuf!zpvs!f.nbjm!beesftt-!gvmm!obnf-!VT!Qptubm!beesftt-!boe
ufmfqipof!ovncfs/!Xf!xjmm!cjmm!zpv!gps!boz!gfft!bu!uibu!ujnf-!jg!boz/!
Up!xjuiesbx!zpvs!dpotfou!xjui!Djuz!pg!Efoupo!
Up!jogpsn!vt!uibu!zpv!op!mpohfs!xbou!up!sfdfjwf!gvuvsf!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft!jo!fmfduspojd
gpsnbu!zpv!nbz;
j/!efdmjof!up!tjho!b!epdvnfou!gspn!xjuijo!zpvs!EpdvTjho!bddpvou-!boe!po!uif!tvctfrvfou
qbhf-!tfmfdu!uif!difdl.cpy!joejdbujoh!zpv!xjti!up!xjuiesbx!zpvs!dpotfou-!ps!zpv!nbz<
jj/!tfoe!vt!bo!f.nbjm!up!qvsdibtjohAdjuzpgefoupo/dpn!boe!jo!uif!cpez!pg!tvdi!sfrvftu!zpv
nvtu!tubuf!zpvs!f.nbjm-!gvmm!obnf-!JT!Qptubm!Beesftt-!ufmfqipof!ovncfs-!boe!bddpvou
ovncfs/!Xf!ep!opu!offe!boz!puifs!jogpsnbujpo!gspn!zpv!up!xjuiesbx!dpotfou//!!Uif
dpotfrvfodft!pg!zpvs!xjuiesbxjoh!dpotfou!gps!pomjof!epdvnfout!xjmm!cf!uibu!usbotbdujpot
nbz!ublf!b!mpohfs!ujnf!up!qspdftt//!
Sfrvjsfe!ibsexbsf!boe!tpguxbsf!
Pqfsbujoh!Tztufnt;!Xjoepxt3111@!ps!XjoepxtYQ@!
Cspxtfst!)gps!TFOEFST*;!Joufsofu!Fyqmpsfs!7/1@!ps!bcpwf!
Cspxtfst!)gps!TJHOFST*;!Joufsofu!Fyqmpsfs!7/1@-!Np{jmmb!GjsfGpy!2/1-
OfuTdbqf!8/3!)ps!bcpwf*!
Fnbjm;!Bddftt!up!b!wbmje!fnbjm!bddpvou!
Tdsffo!Sftpmvujpo;!911!y!711!njojnvn!
Fobcmfe!Tfdvsjuz!Tfuujoht;!
Bmmpx!qfs!tfttjpo!dppljft
!
Vtfst!bddfttjoh!uif!joufsofu!cfijoe!b!Qspyz
Tfswfs!nvtu!fobcmf!IUUQ!2/2!tfuujoht!wjb
qspyz!dpoofdujpo!
++!Uiftf!njojnvn!sfrvjsfnfout!bsf!tvckfdu!up!dibohf/!Jg!uiftf!sfrvjsfnfout!dibohf-!xf!xjmm
qspwjef!zpv!xjui!bo!fnbjm!nfttbhf!bu!uif!fnbjm!beesftt!xf!ibwf!po!gjmf!gps!zpv!bu!uibu!ujnf
qspwjejoh!zpv!xjui!uif!sfwjtfe!ibsexbsf!boe!tpguxbsf!sfrvjsfnfout-!bu!xijdi!ujnf!zpv!xjmm
ibwf!uif!sjhiu!up!xjuiesbx!zpvs!dpotfou/!
Bdlopxmfehjoh!zpvs!bddftt!boe!dpotfou!up!sfdfjwf!nbufsjbmt!fmfduspojdbmmz!
Up!dpogjsn!up!vt!uibu!zpv!dbo!bddftt!uijt!jogpsnbujpo!fmfduspojdbmmz-!xijdi!xjmm!cf!tjnjmbs!up
puifs!fmfduspojd!opujdft!boe!ejtdmptvsft!uibu!xf!xjmm!qspwjef!up!zpv-!qmfbtf!wfsjgz!uibu!zpv
xfsf!bcmf!up!sfbe!uijt!fmfduspojd!ejtdmptvsf!boe!uibu!zpv!bmtp!xfsf!bcmf!up!qsjou!po!qbqfs!ps
fmfduspojdbmmz!tbwf!uijt!qbhf!gps!zpvs!gvuvsf!sfgfsfodf!boe!bddftt!ps!uibu!zpv!xfsf!bcmf!up
f.nbjm!uijt!ejtdmptvsf!boe!dpotfou!up!bo!beesftt!xifsf!zpv!xjmm!cf!bcmf!up!qsjou!po!qbqfs!ps
tbwf!ju!gps!zpvs!gvuvsf!sfgfsfodf!boe!bddftt/!Gvsuifs-!jg!zpv!dpotfou!up!sfdfjwjoh!opujdft!boe
ejtdmptvsft!fydmvtjwfmz!jo!fmfduspojd!gpsnbu!po!uif!ufsnt!boe!dpoejujpot!eftdsjcfe!bcpwf-
qmfbtf!mfu!vt!lopx!cz!dmjdljoh!uif!(J!bhsff(!cvuupo!cfmpx/!
Cz!difdljoh!uif!(J!Bhsff(!cpy-!J!dpogjsn!uibu;!
J!dbo!bddftt!boe!sfbe!uijt!Fmfduspojd!DPOTFOU!UP!FMFDUSPOJD!SFDFJQU!PG
FMFDUSPOJD!SFDPSE!BOE!TJHOBUVSF!EJTDMPTVSFT!epdvnfou<!boe
!
J!dbo!qsjou!po!qbqfs!uif!ejtdmptvsf!ps!tbwf!ps!tfoe!uif!ejtdmptvsf!up!b!qmbdf!xifsf!J!dbo
qsjou!ju-!gps!gvuvsf!sfgfsfodf!boe!bddftt<!boe
!
Voujm!ps!vomftt!J!opujgz!Djuz!pg!Efoupo!bt!eftdsjcfe!bcpwf-!J!dpotfou!up!sfdfjwf!gspn
fydmvtjwfmz!uispvhi!fmfduspojd!nfbot!bmm!opujdft-!ejtdmptvsft-!bvuipsj{bujpot-
bdlopxmfehfnfout-!boe!puifs!epdvnfout!uibu!bsf!sfrvjsfe!up!cf!qspwjefe!ps!nbef
bwbjmbcmf!up!nf!cz!!Djuz!pg!Efoupo!evsjoh!uif!dpvstf!pg!nz!sfmbujpotijq!xjui!zpv/
!