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22-50822-508ORDINANCE NO. AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF DENTON, TEXAS, ADOPTING THE UPDATE TO THECITY OF DENTON’S COMPREHENSIVE PLAN; AND PROVIDING AN EFFECTIVE DATE. WHEREAS, on December 7, 1999, the City of Denton adopted the Denton Plan; and WHEREAS, on February 3, 2015, the City of Denton adopted Denton Plan 2030; and WHEREAS, on January 5, 2021, Matrix Design Group, Inc. was hired to provide professional services for the preparation of a Comprehensive Plan Evaluation Report and to update the Comprehensive Plan; and WHEREAS, on August 4, 2021, the Planning and Zoning Commission received a presentation regarding the Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan update; and WHEREAS, the City Council received a presentation regarding the Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan update on multiple dates (May 18, 2021, August 3, 2021, and December 14, 2021); and WHEREAS, the Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan builds upon the foundation established by the 1999 Denton Plan and Denton Plan 2030, and during the plan development an assessmentof Denton Plan 2030 was conducted and public engagement methods were used to obtain community feedback regarding future growth and development of the city; and WHEREAS, the Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan sets forth goals, policies, and actions to manage growth, promote reinvestment, and improve quality of life for the next two decades; and WHEREAS, the Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan is inspired and informed by citizen values and aspirations expressed in the Community Vision Statement, a description of what the community wants to become in the future, and are still relevant through 2040; and WHEREAS, the Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan establishes an optimal pattern of growth identified in the Preferred Growth Concept, a conceptual vision for the form, character, and general location of development in the city that reflects the input and expressed preferences of the community; and WHEREAS, the Planning and Zoning Commission held three work sessions (January 12, 2022, January 26, 2022 and February 9, 2022) to review recommendations for the Comprehensive Plan update; and WHEREAS, the City Council held two work sessions (January 25, 2022 and February 8, 2022) to review recommendations for the Comprehensive Plan update; and WHEREAS, the City Council and Planning and Zoning Commission held a joint work session February 14, 2022 to review recommendations for the Comprehensive Plan update and 1 directed the item to move forward to a public hearing; and WHEREAS, on March 9, 2022, the Planning and Zoning Commission conducted a public hearing as required by law, and recommended approval of the Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan;and WHEREAS, the City Council at its meeting on March 22, 2022 finds that the Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan is in the best interests of the health, safety and general welfare of the citizensof the City of Denton, Texas; NOW, THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF DENTON, TEXAS HEREBY RESOLVES : SECTION 1. The findings and recitations contained in the preamble of this ordinance are incorporated herein by reference as true. SECTION 2. The Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan sets a framework for future planning and decision making for the entire City of Denton. SECTION 3. The Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan affects all operations and activities of the City of Denton. SECTION 4. The Denton City Council adopts the Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan and its recommendations and implementation actions, as presented in Exhibit A. SECTION 5. If any provision of this ordinance or the application thereof to any person or circumstance is held invalid by any court, such invalidity shall not affect the validity of the provisions or applications, and to this end the provisions of this ordinance are severable. SECTION 6. This ordinance shall become effective immediately upon its passage and approval. Th, m,ti,n t, ,ppr,„, thi, ,r,lin,n,, w„ made by RaJ Pjelt2er and seconded by Jesse , the ordinance was passed and approved bythe following vote [J - Z] : Aye Nay Abstain Absent Gerard Hudspeth, Mayor:\/ b/ \/ V‘ ,/ Vicki Byrd, District 1 : Brian Beck, District 2: Jesse Davis, District 3 : Alison Maguire, District 4: Deb Armintor, At Large Place 5 : / Paul Meltzer, At Large Place 6: a PASSED AND APPROVED thi, th, 2aFxl d,y ,f March . 2022. marROW ATTEST: ROSA RIOS, CITY SECRETARY A 'cZ# APPROVED AS TO LEGAL FORM:MACK REINWAND. CITY ATTORNEY I+d?oh ’u Hilary Negron BY: I' J U 2022.03.1516:18:45-05'OO' EXHIBIT A Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 7 '\r\ bMJ dJ M Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 0 lg with a Unified Purpose \ .J 'li ;J • II r J =tv i::1: pigtJ Denton 2040 C?,!nprehensive Plan Growing with a Unified Purpose Prepared for.AlDENTON City of Denton, Texas401 N. Elm Street Denton, Texas 76201 Prepared by.(# Matrix Matrix Design Group 2020 N. Central Avenue, Suite 1140Phoenix AZ 85004 Telephone: 602.288.8344 March 2022 This page intentionally left blank. Table of Contents Acknowledgements. .. . .. .. . . .. .. . .. .. .. Chapter 1 Plan Framework............ Purpose of the Comprehensive Plan . . . . . . . . . Denton: Past and Present ..................... Plan Development Process . . ................., Development of the Community Vision Sta The Denton Community Vision Statement. Comprehensive Plan Themes . How To Use This Plan................................... . A1 1 -1 . 1-1 . 1-2 . 1-5 1-11 1-11 1-1 6 ,1-1 8 ernent. Chapter 2 Land Use ............................................................................2-1 Land Use Overview ............................................................................................... 2-1 Land Use in the Community Vision Statement.............................................................. 2-2 Chapter 3 Fiscal and Economic Vitality ..................................................3-1 Fiscal and Economic Vitality Overview........................................................................ 3-1 Fiscal and Economic Vitality in the Community Vision Statement . ..................................... 3-2 Chapter 4 Community Character & Urban Design ...................................... 4-1 Community Character and Urban Design Overview .................................................................................... 4-1 Community Character and Urban Design in the Community Vision Statement ......................,........... 4-2 Chapter 5 Parks, Conservation & Environment ......................................... 5-1 Parks, Conservation & Environment Overview .............................................................. 5-1 Parks, Conservation & Environment in the Cornrnunity Vision Statement ........................ . ... . 5-2 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan Chapter 6 Mobility .............................................................................6-1 Mobility Overview ................................................................................................. 6-1 Mobility in the Community Vision Statement................................................................ 6-2 Chapter 7 Housing & Neighborhoods .....................................................7-1 Housing and Neighborhoods Overview....................................................................... 7-1 Housing and Neighborhoods in the Community Vision Statement . . .. . ... . ... . . .. . . ... . ... . . . . . . . . . . .. 7-2 Chapter 8 Community Health, Safety, & Services......................................8-1 Community Health. Safety, & Services Overview ........................................................... 8-1 Community Health, Safety, & Services in the Community Vision Statement . . ........ . . . . . . . . ........ 8-2 Chapter 9 Infrastructure & Utilities ........................................................9-1 Infrastructure & Utilities Overview ............................................................................. 9-1 Infrastructure & Utilities in the Cornrnunity Vision Statement............................................ 9-2 Chapter 10 Implementation & Monitoring ............................................. 10-1 Implementation & Monitoring Overview .....................................................................10-1 Figures Figure 1.1 Preferred Growth Concept......................................................................... 1-8 Figure 2.1 Future Land Use Map..............................................................................2-25 Figure 2.2 Preferred Land Preservation Plan ...............................................................2-26 Figure 4.1: Focus Areas Concept .............................................................................. 4-8 Tables Table 1 .1 Table 1 .2 Table 1 .3 Table 1 .4 Table 1 .5 Table 1 .6 Table 2.1 Table 2.2 Table 3.1 Table 4.1 Historiml Population Growth, 1970-2C)20........................................................ 1-4 Population and Housing Growth................................................................... 1-7 Residential Demand by Type....................................................................... 1-9 Land Consumption................................................................................... 1-9 Residential Land Uses Demand Per Scenario..................................................1-10 Comprehensive Plan Components...............................................................1-18 Existing Land Use.................................................................................... 2-4 Future Land Use Designations ...................................................................2-18 City of Denton Employment Profile, County of Jobs and Workers by Industry .......... 3-7 Urban Design Principles ...........................................................................4-26 Table of Contents Table of Contents Table 4.2. Mixed-use Development Criteria based on Vision North Texas 2050 .................... 4-30 Table 5.1. Types of Parks and Existing Acreage............................................................ 5-5 Table 6.1 . Relationship Between Thoroughfare Type and Access ...... .... ............. . . .. . . ......... 6-9 Table 8.1 , Denton Police Department Activity, 201 0-2020...............................................8-1 1 Table 1 0.1 Mixed-use Development Potential Land Use Mix Ratios ................................. 10-1 2 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan a }baI *;dxi – Lq This page intentionally left blank. Table of Contents Acknowledgements City Council Mayor Gerard HudspethMayor Pro Tem Paul MeltzerCouncilmember Deb Armintor Councilmember Brian Beck Councilmember Vicki ByrdCouncilmember Jesse Davis Councilmernber Alison Maguire Development Services Staff Scott McDonald, Development Services DirectorTina Firgens, Deputy Director ofDevelopment ServicesRon Menguita, Principal Planner Consulting Team Matrix Design GroupPlanning and Zoning Commission Margie Ellis, ChairpersonJason ColeDonald D. Mcdade Jordan E. Villarreal Eric H. Pruett Ronnie AndersonTim Smith Special Appreciation The City of Denton would like to recognize and thank all the residents, property owners,community leaders, and other stakehoFders for their participation in the Denton 2040Comprehensive Plan update process City Management Sara Hensley, Interim City Manager David Gaines, Interim Deputy City Manager Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan A-1 This page intentionally left blank. A-2 Acknowledgements 1 1 Plan Framework Purpose of the Comprehensive Plan Setting a Course for the Future The Comprehensive Plan sets a course to manage growth, promote reinvestment, and improve quality of life for the next two decades, inspired and motivated by the citizen values and aspirations expressed in the Community Vision Statement. While many of the policies contained herein originated in the 1999 Denton Plan and Denton Plan 2030, the Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan update affirms and updates an optimal pattern of growth identified in a Preferred Growth Concept, based on fiscal, economic, environmental, and quality of life factors. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan also addresses new challenges and opportunities, including shifting demographics, changing lifestyle and housing preferences, the interface with two major universities, the influence of gas wells, and the opportunity to encourage long-term sustainability by promoting compact, purposeful growth in centers and along corridors. Since the last Comprehensive Plan adoption, Denton, as well as the entire DFW Metroplex, has continued to experience tremendous growth. Additionally, themes such as sustainability, climate awareness, and Smart Growth have remained as important considerations affecting economic resilience and community health, along with a better understanding of their connection with land use. Denton and the DFW Metroplex will continue to lead the nation in growth in the coming decades, thus underscoring the need to put in place a framework that will ensure that the inevitable growth and change that wiSI occur will strengthen the economy, enhance quality of life and livability, and positively affect the lives of the next generation to make Denton home. The Comprehensive Plan identifies a detailed Vision of what Denton should become by 2040 and proposes policies and actions that can be carried out in a rigorous implementation program to make the Vision a reality Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 1 -1 The Comprehensive Plan provides a guide for Denton to retain its character, define its identity, improve the quality of life, and enhance the economy. In addition to addressing the opportunities and challenges of the future, the Comprehensive Plan addresses present issues identified by stakeholders and the community. The community would like to retain its best and brightest youth, attract rewarding employment, and embrace growing diversity. all while balancing new development with reinvestment in its urban core and established neighborhoods. The Denton community has not always agreed on priorities, nor has it been unified by a shared Vision or a common sense of direction. The Comprehensive Plan provides a Vision created by the community that will allow Denton to face the future with confidence and optimism. Denton’s future will be profoundly influenced by the degree to which this plan is successful To more fully appreciate the significance of the challenge, it is appropriate to begin by considering the intent of the Comprehensive Plan, the steps that led to its development, and how it will be used to achieve Denton’s shared Vision for the future. Denton: Past and Present The City of Denton is located approximately 40 miles northwest of Dallas, 38 miles northeast of Fort Worth, and 1 65 miles south of Oklahoma City. It lies on the northern edge of the DFW Metroplex, and is considered the pinnacle of the "Golden Triangle of North Texas” (Dallas and Fort Worth form the other two points). Denton’s location on Interstate 35 and within the DFW Metroplex accounts for much of its prosperity, and it has benefited from regional growth extending outward from Dallas and Fort Worth over the past decades. A Brief History of Denton Denton was founded in 1 857 as the county seat of Denton County, which was established in 1846 when Texas becamethe twenty-eighth state. Denton’s location was chosen due to its centrality and its access to Hickory Creek and Murphy Spring. Both the county and the city were named for John B. Denton, a preacher and lawyer. Denton’s development began centered on the area surrounding the Downtown Square, and at thetime of its incorporation in 1866, totaled 1 00 acres of land with 361 residents, Growth initially cameto Denton based on its role as an agricultural trade center, and later as a result of the arrival of the Texas and Pacific Railway in 1 881 . Denton was a primary north-south connection along the Texas and Pacific Railway, yet because it was not also an east-west connection for the Gulf, Colorado, and Santa Fe lines built in 1887, the city remained focused on light industry, such as mills and cottage industries, rather than attracting manufacturing and wholesale businesses like other industrializing cities in the area. The city continued to grow nonetheless, reaching a population of 2,558 by 1 890 Denton continued to flourish throughout the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, reaching 11,1 92 residents by 1 940, Residential development began west of Downtown, where wealthy merchants built estates in what are now the Oak-Hickory and West Oak Area Historic Districts. 1 -2 Plan Framework Plan Framework Important commercial areas such as Fry Street emerged and institutions of higher education were established, first with North Texas Normal College (now the University of North Texas) founded in 1890, followed by the Girls’ Industrial College (now Texas Woman’s University) established in 1903. Growth during this era remained centered around Downtown, continuing the grid street system with buildings built to the street and a mix of uses. Denton kept this pattern through the next several decades, with growth extending north-south and east-west along corridors framing long, rectangular blocks. In 1945, the city encompassed 2,051 acres (3.2 square miles), the footprint of which is roughly equivalent to Denton’s urban core. The 1 960s marked the beginning of a substantial boom for Denton. The completion of Interstate 35 connected Denton to Dallas, Fort Worth, and other communities, helping to create a true regional economy, in which Denton captured its share of the region’s growth. While Denton’s agricultural sector remained steady, its manufacturing sector grew enormously, with heavy manufacturing companies like Victor Equipment Company and Peterbilt arriving in the 1 97C)s. The arrival of these major employers brought about a substantial demand for housing for the city's expanding workforce. Adding to the boom was exponential enrollment growth at Denton's two universities, along with the opening of the Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport in 1974. Many airline employees and executives who traveled for major companies built homes in the southeastern portion of the city during this time. The opening of the Golden Triangle Shopping Mall in 1980 established Denton as a regional shopping destination, drawing shoppers from surrounding areas and strengthening the tax base. During this latter growth period, the streets and block pattern began to deviate from the historic grid form. Development east of the railroad in particular started to take on a more suburban form during the 1 960s, with single-use developments, corridors oriented to the car, and larger lots and setbacks. The City’s land area more than tripled between 1 960 and 1 970 (from 5,901 acres to 18,749 acres) and added another 3,000 acres by 1 980, reaching a total of 21 .991 acres. The City annexed large areas of land away from the Downtown core during this period, taking in newly- developed areas and those anticipated for future growth, precipitated by Interstate 35. This more suburban form of development has continued to the present day, and much of the land brought within the city’s corporate boundary in the late twentieth century remains undeveloped today In the late-twentieth century, Denton began experiencing both redevelopment and conservation of its older areas, especially those near the Downtown and the two universities. Fearing the loss of significant historic resources. preservation advocates from Denton’s West Oak Street neighborhood helped establish the city's Historic Landmark Commission in 1980, leading to the designation of the Denton's three protected neighborhoods: the Oak-Hickory Historic District, the West Oak Area Historic District, and the Bell Avenue Historic District Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 1 -3 Al Denton Today Downtown continues to be the heart of Denton, functioning as the city’s cultural, social, and historic center. Denton continues to take pride in its prominent institutions: the University of North Texas (UNT) and Texas Woman’s University (TWU), North Central Texas College (NCTC), its large employers, its environmental resources, and its distinct character. Due to the variety of factors supporting its growth, the population of Denton has grown to 1 39,869, as of 2020. and is expected to increase by over 89,000 by 2040. (See Table 1 .1 : Historical Population Growth), The DFW Metroplex, of which Denton is a part, is the fourth largest and fastest growing population center in the United States with nearly 7.2 million people. Due to the many factors that will impact Denton in the future. substantial growth is inevitable. mpacts of this growth on the local economy, community character, and livability will be seen through and beyond the Plan horizon. It is the need to anticipate, prepare for, and guide this growth that makes the Comprehensive Plan so crucial. As a framework for sensible development. necessary infrastructure investments, and for purposeful re-investment in established areas of the community, the Comprehensive Plan helps maintainthe Denton that is cherished today, while ensuring its livabil ity, functionality, and economic competitiveness in the future, Table 1.1 Historical Population Growth, 1 970-2020 Year CITY OF DENTON Total Population 1 Percent Change DENTON COUNTY Total Population 1 Percent Change 1970 1980 39,874 48,063 75,633 143, 1 2620.5 37.9 2 1 .5 40.8 23.4 89.2 91 .1 58.3 53.0 36.8 1990 2000 2010 66,270 80,537 11 3,383 273,525 432,976 662,614 2020 139,869 906,422 Source: U.S Census Bureau 1 -4 Plan Framework Plan Framework Plan Development Process Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan Update Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan update process was initiated in early 2021, drafted and reviewed through the year and completed and presented in final draft for review and adoption in early 2022. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan was developed with significant community involvement. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan is a refinement of Denton Plan 2030 which ensures the plan remains re:evant and useful as Denton continues to grow The plan update was prepared during the COVID-1 9 pandemic, which significantly altered the early phases of public engagement to use several forms of online virtual engagements. Nonetheless, online virtual public engagements were highly attended by more than 200 individuals, and over one thousand public comments were received. Initial engagement was focused on confirming the community’s vision for Denton and identifying issues and opportunities that could affect Denton's growth through 2040. An online virtual workshop took place near the middle of the public engagement process to "deep dive" into four topic areas and ask the community to assess the continued validity of the Comprehensive Plan’s goals and policies which support those topic areas. Following the workshop, an in-person open house was held to validate the information received in the community meetings and workshop and through online engagement, The open house was a joint-purpose community meeting to share the drafts of the Mobility Plan update and Parks, Recreation, and Trails Plan Master Plan update. Community meetings were held on the following dates • Community Meeting #1 (virtual): March 25, 202] • Community Meeting #1 (second meeting, virtual): April 14, 2021 • Community Meeting #2 (virtual workshop): May 25, 2021 • Community Meeting #3 (in-person open house): September 16, 2021 Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) The TAC met regularly through the initial process and was composed of more than twenty City staff who provided guidance and technical expertise as the update was prepared . In particular, the TAC analyzed the existing plan goals, policies, and actions and provided direction as to whether the goals should be retained, revised, or removed. The TAC also reviewed drafts of the future land use map and provided direction to refinethe plan to support Denton’s future growth and implement the Preferred Growth Concept, Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 1-5 Online Engagement A project website was used as a clearinghouse for meeting notices, fact sheets, and other project materials for the duration of the project. Residents were able to complete questionnaires to describe their vision for Denton and provide insight into what was important for the community to address through the year 2040. An interactive issues and opportunities map, IDPlaces, was also available for residents to provide location-specific comments, which helped guidethe development of the plan. The following are examples of some of the comments we heard through IDPlaces: Transportation a Issue: "No way to pass loop 288 on foot or bike.” a Opportunity: "DCTA's A-Train should really revisit having a TWU station as the terminus. Bike/Pedestrian/Trail •Issue: "Lack of sidewalk between McCormick St. and Ave. C." a Opportunity: "A trail could connect Hinkle to Cordell, providing safer access for students” Housing •Issue: "RR zoning (1 house/5 acres) is a buffer to the agricultural land to the north & respects existing, adjacent, large estate neighborhoods, High density development does not." • Opportunity: "Could the City usethe parcel on Gay Driveto build housing?" Land Use • Issue: "Preserve Rural Character of this area. a Opportunity: -Relax/eliminate minimum parking requirements so that excess. unused parking can be used for something that brings in tax revenue, Parks a Issue: "1'm really missing theGreenbett [Park], it was such a nice transformative greenway inDenton a Opportunity: 'Would be lovely to see a park somewhere on the south side of the square." Through the engagement process it became clear that the community's vision for Denton remains aligned with the comprehensive vision established in the previous update. Work Sessions and Public Hearings Through the project, the Planning and Zoning Commission and City Council were engaged to report on progress of the plan to date and to receive direction on future engagement and plan development. The Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan update was adopted by ordinance by City Council following a public hearing, and a recommendation from the Planning and ZoningCommission 1-6 Plan Framework Plan Framework Updated Growth Projections As part of the Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan update, future population growth, housing demand, and land consumption were analyzed and updated. This updated data continues to support and integrates with the conclusions of extensive public engagement that took place in the update process. Additionally, public comment, staff guidance, and stakeholder feedback gathered affirmed the community's desire to retain the preferred growth concept adopted as part of the previous update (Figure 1 .1). The preferred growth and future land use maps are coordinated to support compact, contiguous development and discourage community spread. No changes were made to the preferred growth concept; therefore, the established community vision is maintained to 2040 Denton is forecasted to grow by an additional 89,323 residents by 2040 to 229,1 92. Denton continues to have a higher proportion of single-person households than Denton County and Texas as a whole. Denton also continues to have a significant young population due to the universities According to the 2020 Census, the 1 8-to 24 age cohort continues to comprise nearly one quarter of the city's population, This population profile suggests that housing choices which cater to young, single populations are still in demand and more non-single family housing options should be provided. This is consistent with the findings in the 2021 Affordable Housing Needs & Market Value Analysis for the City of Denton The following tables (Tables 1 .2-1 .5) Illustrate the population growth and housing demand forecasted through 2040 and the forecasted land consumption which could be expected under thedifferent growth scenarios Table 1.2 Population and Housing Growth Population Housing Growth 2020 Population (1 )139,869 2.41 58,085 2020 Household Size (2) 2020 Total Housing Units (3) 2040 Population Projection (4)229,1 92 2020 – 2040 Population Change (5)89,323 37,0942040 Housinq Demand (6) Total Projected 2040 Housing Units (7) 95,1 79 Source: (1) 2020 US Census, (2) 2020 Population/2020 Total Housing Units, (3) 2020 US Census - Total Housing Units, (4) 2021 City of Denton estimate, (5) 2040 Population Projection - 2020 Population, (6) 2020 - 2040 Population Change/Household Size, (7) 2040 Housing Demand + 2019 Housing Units, Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 1 -7 FIa U R E 1.1 Preferred Growth Concept 'enton JItiS#ali Ag{€emen 'evelopment, ,\/ Major @ad Railroa--F- Plan Road Placem4king & Ul Vitality Fenter ("; Insitutiqnal/ Err/l fymentCenter ( /--„,/ lu&l@ I + nned a ; Souru; CIty of CBnton IOHan;He --1[ Mg Ii:: of Ir iii:;Lea NON.'TIALRES Low-Density PrImarily Residential Moderate-Density High-Density Commercial/Retail Mined Use (incl. Residential, Mixed Use (incl. Residential, Primarily Commercial/RetaII andCommercial/Retail, and Jobs) Commen:lat/Retail, and Jobs) Office JobsIowaeau. Apq'trnen8, Moderate HInd.Use Apartments ab€ae Cmralertia!, Uic:'Rtse O/71% rOWn C4nl•ls, Luni!•d HaBI'Useonce. High AfncFUse Employment PrImarIly Jobs Sngie.Fomity, LinKed C9mrawaai OffI a, Job C4nt8n, InIt&nal boRedRai,Artful 1 -8 Plan Framework Plan Framework Table 1.3 Residential Demand by Type Existing Dev Residential Area (Ac) (3) Existing Density (4) Acres Per 1 2040 Unit (5)New Units (6) New Residential Area (Ac) (7) 2020 Units (1) % of 2019 Units (2) 1 Unit Detached ( ResidentialSingle+amily)31 ,017 53.4%15,204 2.04 0.49 19,808 12.137 1 Unit Attached,24 Units, Other ( Residential Other) 9,468 16.3%1 ,667 5.68 0.18 6,046 1 ,331 5+ Units (Residential Multi- 17,600Family) 30.3%1,1 52 1 5.28 0.07 1 1 ,239 920 Total 58,085 18,023 37,094 14.387 Source: (1) 2020 Total Housing units - 2019 American Community Survey 1 Year Estimates, (2) 2019 American CommunIty Survey 1 Year Estimates, (3) City of Denton GIS, (4) 2020 Units/Existing Dev. Residential Acres, (5) 2040 Population Projection 2020 Population, (6) 2020 - 2040 Population Change/Household Size, (7) Acres Per Unit x New Units + 25% of Land Area forRoads and Infrastructure. Table 1.4 Land Consumption Total Acreage (1 )85,696 18,023Dev. Residential Area (Ac) (2) 2020 Total Housing Units (3)58,085 Average Acres Per Unit (4)0.31 15,405New Projected DUs (5) New Residential Area (Ac) (6)5,975 New Non-Residential (Ac) (7)4,1 23 Source: (1) Total Municipal Incorporated Acreage, (2) Existing Residentiat Acres, (3) 2020 US Census, (4) Average Acres Per Unit (Developed Residential Area/2020 Total Units), (5) Projected New Dwelling Units (2020-2040 Population Change/Household Size, (6) New Residential Area (Average Acres Per Unit x New Dwelling Units) + 25% of Land Area for Roads and Infrastructure, (7) New Non-Residential Acreage Estimated at 69 Percent of New Residential Area Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 1.9 Table 1.5 Residential Land Uses Demand Per Scenario Existing Density Growth Trend Centers & Corridors Alternatives*Compact Alternative % of k Acres Total I Yield (Total) £"’q -"''’ 8 '”’“” 7 8 '"’u“ a'' 'J /’“'’ 'u-u4’ “’'u‘ Other ISLdt:::::512_ 5.68 o.18 6,046 16.3% 1,306 7,419 20.0% 1,602 7,419 20,0% 1,602 4 units) :€T IIRa;ity 15.28 o.07 31’23 30.3% 904 i4’83 40.0% 1,246 14,838 40,0% 1,246 HiSIi:=Fy 30.oo o.03 - o.0% - - o.0% - 7,419 20.0% 267 Single+amity 19.80 14.83 Total Units - 57’09 :/o00-0 :7’09 :/oOO'O 37,094 :/oOO'O Total Acres !3’89 i1 ’57 7,478 * Note: Assumptions identical for Centers and Corridors Alternative Growth Sce 11 .64 nar IOS 1-10 Plan Framework Plan Framework Development of the Community Vision Statement The Community Vision Statement is an expression of the community’s collective values and aspirations and a description of what the community wants to become in the future, answering the question "What do we want Denton to be in 2040?" As the “final destination" for the Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan update, the Community Vision Statement was reviewed and affirmed in the planning process in order to provide the central framework for guiding the development of policies and strategies The Community Vision Statement is organized around four Strategic Directions and is based on clear areas of citizen consensus. In each of the Elements of the Comprehensive Plan, the phrases of the Vision Statement that specifically impactthe policies of that Element are restated in the introduction. It is important to note that throughout the Comprehensive Plan, each of the goals and policies have its foundation in the Community Vision Statement, and by representation, the voice of the community The Denton Community Vision Statement Building on the foundation of the 1 999 Comprehensive Plan and the Denton Plan 2030 update, our Vision of Denton in the year 2040 is one in which we are recognized as a vibrant community of choice. Denton is characterized by its two growing state universities, its friendly, small-town character coupled with its big-city dynamism, its commitment to sustainability, and its culture of innovation. creativity, and authenticity. Our exceptional livability, the diversity of choices available to our people in employment, lifestyle, and neighborhood settings; and our North Texas values and culture define what Denton is and what we have to offer. We have realized our vision by respecting and building on our heritage, leveraging our assets, and making wise choices in guiding sound growth and investment, while balancing priorities for our four Strategic Directions: • TheCharacter of Denton • Our People, Institutions, and Government • The Strength of Our Economy • Sound Growth: Our Form and Function The Character of Denton • Denton is authentic. Our small-town charm and, North Texas heritage are proudly embraced along with positive change, smart and balanced growth, and highquality development. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 1-11 ad -MIx i IFA • Denton is consciously green. We are a leader in our commitment to sustainability, and we have a significant urban tree canopy, a network of parks and greenways and streamcorrick)rs • Denton is safe and livable, a hospitablecommunity of friends and neighbors. • Denton is fertile territory for creativity and innovatial in our vibrant music and arts scene, technolc4y, business, and education Our People, Institutions, and Government • We retain our sense of community and shared values, while welcoming new arrivals andcelebrating growing diversity. • We are committed to fairness and equitable access to opportunity in education, community services, jobs, and government representation. • All generations. of both natives and newcomers, are deepV rooted in the community and are actively engaged in its betterment through volunteer participation with faith-based, civic, and/or neighborhood organizations and service on local government boards andcornrnlsslons • We cherish our artists and musicians and celebrate our community in local events and festivals that reflect the uniqueness of the community. • The City of Denton is a healthy, family-friendly community which sees its youth as its most valuable resource; a resource worthy of investment in education, healthful recreation, and opportunities for challenging and rewarding employment and engagement in civic affairs. • The City of Denton’s institutions of higher learning, UNT,TWU and NCTC, are partners with government, civic organizations, and local employers in initiatives to foster creativity in the arts, innovation, a strong econorny, life-long learning, and the retention of the best and brightest • The City of Denton government is customer-friendly and prides itself on its transparency and open communication, utilizing modern technology, its efficient provision of publicservices and facilities, and through its leadership in seeking to realizethe Vision ofDenton's future. • The City of Denton has integrated, reconciled, and streamlined its plans, processes, policies, and regulations for consistency, clarity, and effectiveness. The Strength of Our Economy • We leverage our strategic location, universities. and medical institutions, as a nationalleader in technological and knowledgobased innovation, allowing us to attract and retain a highly educated and motivated workforce. • We leverage our strategic location and multi-modal accessibility in the Metroplex and capitalize on key assets such as the Denton Enterprise Airport. • We value and support our major manufacturing emplcyers and other responsible corporate citizens to ensure their stability, encourage their commitment to Denton, 1 -12 Plan Framework Plan Framework facilitate their expansion, and leverage their presence by accanrrndatingtheir suppliers, supporting businesses, and workers • We support and encourage our entrepreneurs and small businesses with a business- friendly attitude and efficient regulatiaIS and permitting • We market our Denton -brand", our unique, creative atmosphere and small town quality of life, which attracts a highly educated and motivated workforce and gives Denton a competitive advantage in attracting new investment, entities, and well-paying jobs • We attract corporations and businesses which have a strong sense of corporate responsibilityto the environment, the community, and their governance and who take active roles as being excellent corporate citizens, Sound Growth: Our Form and Function Throughout Denton we see... • Managed, balanced, and sustainable growth in high-quality, livable urban, suburban, and rural places which offer diverse choices among neighborhood settings while respecting private property rights. • A compact development pattern which includes expanded areas of mixed use, a broad array of housing and retail choices responding to changing demographics and market preferences, and re-investment and infill in underutilized areas of the city. • An efficient transportation system with a safe and well-connected road network which accommodates a wide array of mobility options, including local and commuter rail transit, as well as accommodations for pedestrians and cyclists. • Special attention paid to our majortravel corridors (ex. 1-35, US 380, and Loop 288), both aesthetically and functionally, representing Denton’s character, brand, and excellence, • InfrastrLcture systems which have undergone well-planned, staged expansion to serve and manage the citys growth. • Parks, greenways, stream corridors, tree canopy, and other natural resources integrating into the fabric of the community and contributing to healthy lifestyles • Environmental stewardship through water conservation, positive contributions to regional air quality, sustainable development practices, green infrastructure, and renewable energy In the core of Denton we see... • A vibrant Downtown Denton, energized with new housing, shopping, arts, and entertainment, supporting dayand nighttime activity and a true urban lifestyle – Denton style • Established neighborhocxls where revitalization and compatible infill development contributes to stable, livable, and historic character, and fosters neighborhood pride and homeownership • Thriving universities where coordinated planning and collaborations between the City and the academic communities creates mutually beneficial, stable, and healthy neighborhood Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 1-13 edges and where the non-academic community benefits from the vast educational andcultural resources in close proximity, In our rural fringe areas of the city and the Extraterritorial Jurisdiction (ETJ) wesee... • Contiguals, staged growth which is fiscally and environmentallysound, reduces fragmentation and sprawl, discourages premature development, and conserves the City’sfuture growing room • Conservation development which retains rural character, protects open space and greenways, enhances development value, and provides greater choices to land owners. • Potential safety and compatibility impacts presented by hazardous activities, such as gaswell drilling and production, mitigated to protect neighboring persons and property. Future Growth Scenarios The following section summarizes the methodology that was used to develop the preferred growth concept during the previous update. During the comprehensive plan update process the community reiterated their preference to continue to use the Compact Scenario. The base growth assumptions and fiscal analysis that were established for Denton Plan 2030 continue to be relevant as Denton grows through 2040 Growth Trend Scenario A key element of the existing conditions and trends phase was the development of the Growth Trend Scenario, a conceptual representation of the consequences of continuing down the path of "business as usual.” Using baseline population projections, the model was prepared to depict what the city could look like at present, in terms of development, if the City and community does not change course. The Growth Trend Scenario illustrated how and where growth would likely occur in the absence of new directions from a Comprehensive Plan update and its respective implementation. The purpose of the Growth Trend Scenario was to illustrate the need for intervention and make the case for the new directions embraced in Comprehensive Plan Alternative Growth Scenarios Using input from public outreach efforts, conceptual approaches were developed to illustrate land use and development that reflected the values expressed in the Community Vision Statement with more compact patterns of growth. These alternatives were meant to contrast with the Growth Trend Scenario. The city staff and consultants worked collaboratively to create three distinct scenarios: Centers, Corridors, and Compact, which were reviewed and approved by a committee. These scenarios were developed to conceptually illustrate three discernible options that could reshape future patterns of development and investment. Land uses were grouped to show a range of density and "land use mixing" (meaning that as density increases, so does the amount of mixed use development) and to illustrate a range of potential uses. As an example, low-density residential areas could include single-family residentia 1-14 Plan Framework Plan Framework in addition to schools and parks. Similarly, commercial areas could include a range of retail types, offices, and employment locations. Land uses were illustrated generally so that the overall development footprint and intended patterns of development could be easily understood and distinguished Preferred Growth Concept The Preferred Growth Concept was developed to present a conceptual vision for the form, character, and general location of development for Denton that reflected the input and expressed preferences of the community, The general location of new development and areas for intensification was the basis for the development of the Future Land Use Map (FLUM). The Preferred Growth Concept was created by combining the most important aspects of each of the scenarios, development priorities and community character considerations that received the highest number of votes The Compact Scenario received the highest number of votes. As a result, this scenario provided a starting point for the development of the Preferred Growth Concept, incorporating elements of the Centers and Corridors Scenarios which were close behind in the pubtic voting, The lowest voting for the Growth Trend Scenario clearly indicated a preference for more compact and purposeful pattern of growth clustered around distinct locations The Preferred Growth Concept also reflected priorities for development including increased walkability and trails, more mixed use, and jobs close to home and accessible by walking and transit. As a result, the Preferred Growth Concept encourages a shift towards more mixed-use development, bringing together compatible residential, commercial, office, institutional, or other uses for increased pedestrian activity, reduced cartrips, and expanded housing choices Community Character preferences further refined the Preferred Growth Concept, including in order of priority: placemaking and urban vitality, multi-modal access, green Infrastructure, and conservation. This underscores the importance of an appreciation for areas for community gathering to be distributed throughout Denton, a diversity of building types, and a sensitivity to the environment. Locations of existing and potential areas of urban vitality also help to refine the location and character of potential development areas illustrated within the Preferred Growth Concept as well as potential areas for multi-modal access, green infrastructure network, and conservation. As an overarching framework for development, the Preferred Growth Concept serves as the basis for the FLUM that is central to the Comprehensive Plan. Fiscal Impact Analysis The formation of the Preferred Growth Concept was additionally informed by a Fiscal Impact Analysis (FIA) that was conducted concurrently with the scenario development process, The intent of the FIA is to guide policy decisions regarding levels of service and revenue enhancements by examining the costs to the city associated with the provision of public services and facilities to serve new development. The FIAassessed all direct costs to the General Fund, General Debt Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 1-15 Service Fund, Recreation Fund, and Street Improvements Fund associated withthe new development defined through growth scenarios. Only revenues in these Funds increase due to growth. The FIA analyzed the potential fiscal impacts of the projected housing units, population, nonresidential building area, and jobs added during the plan horizon period based on their variation by type and location among the scenarios, The variations yielded differences in the costs necessary to provide service and facilities to new development at maintained levels of service. In general, the more compact the development, the less the costs of extending facilities and service coverage. Based on preliminary review of the FIA, order of magnitude costs were shared with the community at a public community meeting, corresponding to each scenario, providing additional information for scenario evaluation. The fiscal impact findings helped determine the scenario(s) that were most fiscally responsible, which served as an additional means of defining and directing the location of development and the Preferred Growth Concept. Following the identification of land uses according to the Preferred Growth Concept and the creation of the FLUM,the locations of these land uses and associated numerical values were incorporated into the final FIA, resulting in a picture of the City’s fiscal profile for the plan horizon. Recommendations related to the major conclusions of the FIA listed below are included in the Fiscal and Economic Vitality Element of the Comprehensive Plan. The Preferred Growth Concept yielded a cumulative net surplus to the City, when comparing available resources to projected costs over the plan horizon. This takes into consideration operating revenues and costs as well as capital revenues and costs and balances the results, Over the plan horizon, dedicated capital revenue generated by new development is not sufficient to cover the necessary capital expansions to maintain levels of service for new development, as the only dedicated revenue for capital needs in Denton is a portion of the property tax. Regardless of the deficit for capital needs, the cumulative fiscal impact of the Preferred Growth Concept is a surplus Comprehensive Plan Themes The Comprehensive Plan contains eight Elements that include the goals, policies. and actions that will implement the visions of the Denton Community. Within the Plan Elements are themes that should not be “siloed” into individual Elements, because they impact a variety of policies and actions throughout the Comprehensive Plan. These themes represent top priorities of the Denton community as well as City of Denton decision makers Several of these occur as individual Elements but are themes because they touch on topics throughout all Elements. Themes include: Sustainability, Community Health, Mobility, and Community Character. 1-16 Plan Framework Plan Framework The Sustainability Theme Sustainability is a topicthat touches many of the policy elements throughout Comprehensive Plan. For that reason, it is not a stand-alone element, but rather a "theme." Sustainability, by definition, is addressed in three “prongs": social, environmental, and economic. As such, sustainability is addressed within elements focused on these topics, as well as alongside Mobility, Land Use, and Community Character. Sustainability is important to the Denton community and government, and the City proudly updated and adopted its sustainability plan–"Simply Sustainable, A Framework for Denton's Future"–in 2020 The Community Health Theme Similar to sustainability, policies and actions influencing community health occur throughout Comprehensive Plan. For that reason, it is also a "theme." Community Health includes policies that contribute to the physical health of the people of Denton, including access to healthy foods, recreation. and pedestrian and bicycle mobility and land use patterns that promote physical activity. Many communities are comprehensively addressing community health in the development of planning policy. Community health is addressed throughout the Plan, particularly in Mobility, Land Use, and in Community Health and Safety The Mobility Theme Mobility is a very important subject for Denton as it looks forward to 2040. Whilethere is a dedicated element for Mobility, which contains goals and policies specific to streets, the bicycle and pedestrian network, and transit–among others–mobility is important to address throughout the Plan. For that reason, it is also a "theme.” Mobility considerations and modal choice affects land use, community character, community health, and fiscal and economic vitality as it relates to the physical development of the city, physical activity, and the network to build a functional and healthy economy The Community Character Theme Denton is a city built on character and the preservation of that character, in addition to creating new complementary development is central to the community’s goals as it moves forward. The Community Character and Urban Design element addresses specific goals and policies related to community character, yet the preservation, celebration, and creation character of Denton is an underlying theme in all of the Plan elements. Through the successful implementation of the Plan, Denton’s future will be realized as a community known for its charm and unique sense of place Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 1-17 How To Use This Plan The Comprehensive Plan is organized to present the background information and goals, policies, and actions of the Plan Elements, in a streamlined, strategic, and user-friendly fashion. The Elements are grouped to contain categories of goals, policies. and actions organized by similar topics and according to the departments that will be responsible for their implementation. The Implementation and Monitoring Element brings all the Elements together to ensure recommended actions are followed Table 1 .6 illustrates the components of the comprehensive plan and how the goals, polices, and actions relate to one another. There are numerous additional plans and studies called for throughout the actions of the Elements, including updates to many existing plans, studies, and manuals, While many of these themselves are large plans, they all fall under the framework, and guidance, of the Comprehensive Plan, which acts as the voice of the community and the coordinated path forward until 2040. Each of these plans will look towards the comprehensive plans for policy direction and concepts. Table 1.6 Comprehensive Plan Components Goals Policies Actions A specific statement that guides decision-makers; acornrnitrnent to a particular course ofaction: describecontext and rationale of desired outcome, and are more specific than goals Sets a generaldirection: an ideal future; long-range andcomprehensive innature; and used todescribe a desiredresult or outcome. Actions or procedures that carry out a policy,Specific step toactually achieve thegoals and policiesidentified in the comprehensive plan Definition 2.16 Revise development regulations anddevelopment review processes to facilitate and support desired forms of developmentand improvedstandards for urban design and place- making. 2:16.1 Adopt citywide design and developmentstandards and guidelines specific toindividual land uses and thoroughfares to improve development quality and functionality. Goal LU-5: Grow withCharacter: Promote Development whichEnhances CommunityCharacter and Functionality. Example 1-18 Plan Framework Plan Framework Comprehensive Plan Elements The Comprehensive Plan is comprised of the following Elements: 1.Plan Framework includes a summary of Denton's history and where the City is today. It thendescribes the purpose and process used to develop the Comprehensive Plan. This Element also includes the Community Vision Statement and an overview of the steps involved in analyzing the conditions that would drive the goals, policies and actions contained in theComprehensive Plan 2.Land Use Element includes goals and policies necessary to ensure that the City will direct growth according to sound principles and to ensure that the balance of land uses matches the City's needs for the future. 3. 4. Fiscal and Econanic Vitality Element contains goals and policies related to the economic strength of the city and principles for growing in a fiscally healthy manner. Community Character and Urban Design Element includes goals and policies for maintaining the unique character of Denton and building upon its distinguishing characteristics. This element includes policies for placemaking, arts and culture. and historic preservation 5.Parks, Conservation, and Environment Element includes the policy framework for parks and open space, as well as policies to ensure protection of Denton’s unique environmental andnatural resources 6.Mobility Element includes goals and policies for vehicular circulation and for the pedestrian, bicycle, and publictransportation network. This element will serve as a policy framework for coordinating a comprehensive mobility network aligned with future land use and communilycharacter 7.Housing and Neighborhoods Element provides the basis for ensuring housing options for al of Denton’s population in safe and livable neighborhoods, complete adequate community facilities to serve them. This element will ensure the conservation of Denton present neighborhoods, as well as the development of well-designed neighborhoods in the future. 8.Community Health, Safety, and Services Element includes goals and policies for maintaining a safe and secure environment for Denton residents as well as an overall healthy population,Goals and policies focus on environmental justice, social services programming, community health, resiliency, and hazard mitigation, as well as emergency services 9.Infrastructure and Utilities Element ensures the provision of adequate infrastructure and facilities that will complement the future growth of Denton. This includes water, wastewater, stormwater, solid waste, and electric. In addition to baseline service, strategies for sustainable practices such as sustainable energy and green infrastructure are included in thisElement 10 Implementation and Monitoring Element sets the framework to ensure that policies and actions are applied in future development decisions and that progress in the implementation of the Comprehensive Plan is monitored over the course of the plan timeline. This Element sets guidance and benchmarks for measuring progress, protocols for amendments, internal city governance practices, and describes how the Comprehensive Plan interacts with other city, state, and county regulations, Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 1-19 Element Hierarchy and Relationship Within Plan Framework Denton 2040 ComprehensIve Plan m-with ; Unified Purpose Land Use Community Character & Urban Design Mobility Community Health Safety, & Services Denton DevelopmentCMe (DDC))Area Plans Neightnrhcxxi/University CorrwtibilityArea Plan Urtnn Design PlanCltywi ck Brarxiing andF4ammaking StrategyArea Plans yobillty Plan CriteriaManu£l Special Events Integrated Plan Fiscal & Economic Parks. Conservation. & Environment Housing & Neighborhoods Infrastructure & Utilities Parks. Recreation arxlTrails Master Plan Plan CompatIbIlity Area PlanOonsolicbted Plan Drainage De3=lnCriteria ManualEstablish Universal Recycling Program 1 -20 Plan Framework VTF4MB :;IAI [A 2 1 Land Use Land Use Overview Overall, the community's vision and goaFs for land use in the City have remained consistent since the Denton 2030 Comprehensive Plan. In the Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan update. a greater emphasis is placed on growth management within the incorporated boundaries of the City and the rural and agricultural for areas within the City's Extra Territorial Jurisdiction (EJT) strategically to encourage infill development. Policies for more retail and mixed-use development to increase pedestrian-friendly scale and activities are strengthened in the Plan. Lastly, the Future Land Use Map (FLUM) and corresponding future land use designation descriptions have been updated and are listed at the end of this chapter. The FLUM extends to areas within the City's full ETJ boundary. While the City doesn't have complete review authority for development within the ETJ, establishing a future land use policy helps communicate the long-term land use and preservation vision and intent of the City to property owners and developers. This becomes a starting point for discussion for developments which may be pursuing development agreements. Historically, Denton's land use pattern has evolved based on incremental growth and annexation, occurring largely as greenfield development, that is, the development of formerly agricultural lands and open space. Development has been driven primarily by market forces, with zoning and the construction of roads and infrastructure responding to, rather than proactively influencing growth. The availability of greenfield land, coupled with the demand for new large single-family detached dwelling residential subdivisions, has facilitated development that outwardly expanded the suburban fringe at a relatively low density and intensity. This trend has resulted in a land use pattern that has tended to further extend distances between where people live, work and shop, resulting in a rate of land consumption and "sprawl” which is faster than the underlying growth of the population, producing an unsustainable trend that is costly for the city and taxpayers alike Meanwhile, considerably more vacant land exists within the present city limits, both un-platted tracts and in already planned and approved Master Planned Communities (MPCs), than can be absorbed by the city’s projected population growth over the next two decades and beyond. The consequences of this "sprawl” trend has been experienced in longer auto trip lengths, greater levels of congestion, strained environmental and fiscal resources, and challenges for public Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 2-1 abAd "';dAI –IFA services and facilities to keep up with the demands of this rapidly enlarging development footprint By 2040, additional annexations are not necessary to accommodate the anticipated growth in the city, and in fact future annexation petitions at the periphery of the city should be carefully evaluated to ensure the city's ability to provide infrastructure and public services. At the same time that this suburban expansion has driven public and private investment into outlying areas, some more established, in-town neighborhoods and commercial areas have suffered dis-investment and decline and are in need of renewal. In response to public input, it is the intention of the Land Use Element to reverse these trends by encouraging thoughtful and resourceful development and investment where it is needed for a fully functional and livable city. This means supporting more compact and interconnected land use patterns; placing housing, jobs and shopping in closer proximity, and providing greater opportunity for mixed-use and development designed for walkability – both for improved mobility, as well as for community health and sustainability. Land Use in the Community Vision Statement Sound Growth: Strengthening Our Form and Function Throughout Denton we see... • Managed, balanced, and sustainable growth in high-quality, livable urban, suburban, and rural places which offer diverse choices among neighborhood settings while respecting private property rights. • A compact development pattern which includes expanded areas of mixed use, a broad array of housing and retail choices responding to changing demographics and market preferences, and re-investment and infill in underutilized areas of the city. In the core of Denton we see... • A vibrant Downtown Denton, energized with new housing, shopping, arts, and entertainment, supporting day and nighttime activity and a true urban lifestyle – while respecting the Downtown's historic character. • Established neighborhoods where revitalization and compatible infill development contributes to stable, livable, and historic character, and fosters neighborhood pride and homeownership. • Thriving universities where coordinated planning and collaborations between the City and the academic communities creates mutually beneficial, stable, and healthy neighborhood edges and where the non-academic community benefits from the vast educational and cultural resources in close proximity. 2-2 Land Use Land Use In our rural fringe areas of the city and the Extraterritorial Jurisdiction (ETJ) wesee • Contiguous, staged growth which is fiscally and environmentally sound. reduces fragmentation and sprawl, discourages premature development, and conserves the city’s environmental and natural resources • Conservation development which retains rural character, protects open space and greenways, enhances development value, and provides greater land use pattern choices to landowners While the Land Use Element does not seek to impede approved developments in outlying areas, it does support rational, staged development in the fringe and discourages approval of additional large scale planned developments until currently approved developments approach build-out. The Land Use Element has been developed to implement the long-range vision of the community in the Comprehensive Plan. The goals, policies, and actions of the Land Use Element focus on the use of land and future development within the City of Denton. The basis for the Land Use Element is the Future Land Use Map (FLUM). Through guidance from the Preferred Growth Concept (Figure 1 .1 ), and the Preferred Land Preservation Plan (Figure 4.2) the FLUM illustrates a land use pattern that clusters development around distinct locations (i.e. centers or corridors) in a compact pattern, with mixed-use development, walkable pedestrian networks, jobs, and shopping located closer to homes, and preserved open spaces in the peripheries of the city. Existing Land Use Overall the city’s distribution of land uses can be thought of in three broad categories: where people live (residential uses), where people work and shop (nonresidential uses), and land which is undeveloped. Residential is the largest developed land use category, covering 1 2,036 acres, or about 1 9 percent of the city’s land area. Of this. approximately 83 percent is single-family residential development, along with approximately five percent consisting of multi-family structures and another 1 2 percent consisting of other residential structures (including townhouses, duplexes, triplexes, condominiums, mobile homes, and assisted living/nursing care facilities). Almost 1 0 percent, consists of agricultural uses of the city's land area. Parks, including recreational areas and protected open space, make up approximately three percent of the city'sland area Four percent of the city's land area is devoted to commercial uses, which include retail, offices, restaurants, gas stations, hotels, etc. A significant amount of the city’s commercial uses are located close to Downtown and along major corridors such as U.S. 380 and U.S. 377 and Interstates 35, 35E, and 35W. Industrial uses constitute almost 1 2 percent of the city’s land uses The majority of industrial uses are located west of 1-35 and 1-35W, near Denton Enterprise Airport. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 2-3 A m-;dAI - F,4, Government uses, including local and other administrative facilities, occupy just over two percent of the city's area, Religious uses, including buildings used for regular assembly for religious worship, cover a very small portion (less than one percent) of the city’s land area. Finally, 36 percent of the city's land area was identified as "Undeveloped", that is land with no structures that does not have an associated use and is generally not protected from development. Existing land uses are listed in Table 2-1 . Table 2-1. Existing Land Uses Agriculture Cemeteries 6,O1 8.02 121 .46 9.58% 0.19% Commercial Government 2,625,81 447.55 4.18% 0.71 % Industrial 8,769.09 13.96% Infrastructure 1,61 5.76 2.57% Institutional 1 ,690.75 2.69% Parks and Open Space 2,043.29 3.25% Religious 354.91 10,027.22 0.57% 1 5.96%Residential – Single Family Residential – Multi Family 702.47 1.12% 2.08%Residential - Other 1 ,306.30 Undeveloped 2] ,938.54 34,93% Right of Way 5, 1 49.98 8.20% Total 62,81 1 .15 100% Source: City of Denton Immediately apparent from the existing land use map is a clearly defined center of the city, with major highways radiating in all directions. Downtown is surrounded by established neighborhoods with an historic urban street grid, and the University of North Texas (UNT) and Texas Woman’s University (TWU) campuses, other institutions, and some of the city’s original industrial areas 2-4 Land Use Land Use Beyond this urban core area, radiating corridors are less "mixed" in nature with low-density, single- family residential emerging as the predominant pattern, surrounding a suburban hierarchy of local streets and collectors rather than the street grid in the urban center. The location of commercial uses has been primarily influenced by highway access and interchanges, with commercial uses lining older highway corridors such as University Drive and Loop 288, and clustered in major concentrations such as the 1-35E and 1-35W. A similar pattern can be seen with industrial uses Original industrial areas are clustered near the rail corridors east of Downtown, while newer, larger industrial areas are located primarily west of 1-35 near the airport, reflecting changes in industrial transportation modes Growth Capacity In considering the land use pattern and distribution of the city’s existing land use, it is appropriate to consider its capacity to accommodate future growth and to compare it to the aspirations expressed for the city's growth. As noted in Table 2.1 the city has nearly 27,000 acres of "growing room,” comprised of land categorized as Agriculture or Undeveloped, As shown in Table 1 .4, the city's projected population growth through the 2040 plan horizon could require the development of approximately 25,000 acres of new residential and non-residential land uses. Based on this information, there is adequate land within the City of Denton to accommodate the forecast growth and land consumption through 2040 GOAL LU-1 : Grow Compactly: Achieve sound, sustainable growth in compact development patterns with balanced land uses planned in coordination with transportation and infrastructure systems Policies and Actions Future Land Use Map and Future Land Use Designations: The single most important component of the Land Use Element is the FLUM (Figure 2.2). By depicting where broad categories of land use should occur, the FLUM serves as a guide in making development decisions. Maintaining the currency of existing land use is necessary in order to track land use trends which may influence policies for future land use. Principal among the new directions for land use as depicted on the FLUM and described in the future land use designations that follow, is the introduction of an array of new mixed-use districts to promote flexibility in encouraging development and redevelopment at the centers and corridors targeted for growth. These include Downtown Denton, the compatibility areas surrounding the UNT and TWU campuses, and Regional Mixed Use, Community Mixed Use, Neighborhood Mixed Use, and Business Center future land use designations 2.1 Maintain an updated Existing Land Use Map Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 2-5 2.1 .1 Continue using GIS and other databases to report parcel level data, track land use changes associated with development and redevelopment and revise the exiting land use map annually. 2.2 Utilize the Preferred Growth Concept Map, the Preferred Land Preservation Plan and the Future Land Use Map to guide all development review applications within the plan horizon. 2.2.1 Utilize the Denton Development Code (DDC) to ensure that future development review applications are consistent with the Preferred Growth Concept Map, the Preferred land Preservation Plan and the Future Land Use Map. 2.2.2 2.2.3 Revise zoning districts for consistency with future land use designations Revise the Zoning Map for consistency with the Preferred Growth Concept Map and the Future Land Use Map. Involve the affected property owners and general public in this effort. Property owners will be properly notified before any action is taken 2.3 Provide expanded flexibility for mixed-use by implementing the mixed-use future land use designations that reflect the priorities of the Denton community and reflect current market conditions. 2.3.1 Create Area Plans and Overlay Districts to implement the mixed-use future land use designations on the Future Land Use Map and the focus areas on the Focus Area Concept Map. Plan and Policy Coordination: Another important citywide land use consideration is to foster greater coordination between land use policies and policies for mobility and infrastructure. The Comprehensive Plan is the key policy document to which future revisions of all plans and programs among all city department plans and policies should be revised for consistency, to ensure coordination of land use mobility and infrastructure planning. Also, other governmental entities should be requested to address the consistency of their future plans with the land use policies contained in the Comprehensive Plan In addition, other entities exert considerable influence on land use and growth dynamics in Denton, particularly the school siting decisions of multiple school districts and transit operated by Denton County Transportation Authority (DCTA). Clear procedures are needed to improve coordination. 2.4 Use the Denton Mobility Plan and Capital Improvement Plan (CIP) to coordinate mobility and infrastructure planning to be consistent with the Land Use Element. 2.4.1 Use the Mobility Plan to reflect the development intensity and areas of new growth illustrated in the Land Use Element 2.4.2 Update the Capital Improvement Plan (CIP) to prioritize the implementation of the Comprehensive Plan and the Mobility Plan. 2-6 Land Use Land Use 2.4.3 Update the Transportation Criteria Manual to reflect the goals and policies of the Comprehensive Plan and the Mobility Plan 2.4.4 Update the DDC to allow publicly owned and managed trails within riparian buffers and water-related areas 2.5 Improve coordination with other entities to implement the goals and policies of the Comprehensive Plan. 2,5.1 Continue coordination meetings with TxDOT, DCTA, and DISD on roadway and infrastructure projects 2.5.2 2.5.3 2.5.4 Continue meeting with university leadership regarding roadway and infrastructure improvements impacting the universities Maintain regular communication with North Central Texas Council of Government (NCTCOG) on funding opportunities for necessary pedestrian, transit, and connectivity infrastructure projects. Continue regular coordination meetings with other entities such as utility providers, surrounding municipalities, and regional and federal agencies for land use, mobility and infrastructure planning GOAL LU-2: Grow with Purpose: Achieve re-investment, revitalization, and redevelopment of key growth Centers and Corridors Policies and Actions Downtown Investment: A fundamental component of the Preferred Growth Concept Map, is to encourage compact growth in mixed-use centers and corridors. Principal among the city’s centers is Downtown Denton. The Downtown has been the subject of past planning efforts intended to promote growth and revitalization, most recently the Downtown Improvement Plan (DTI P) containing action recommendations to implement the Downtown Denton Master Plan adopted in 2002. While certain recommendations have been acted upon, more direct initiatives to stimulate redevelopment have not been implemented. Consequently, there is a need to revisit the Downtown Denton Master Plan and the DTIP to create a new set of priorities with an emphasis on the development of Downtown housing, both as new development and the adaptive re-use of underutilized buildings, and upper floors above commercial uses. Another priority for the Downtown is to strengthen the older neighborhoods and commercial areas immediately surrounding it. An update to the Downtown Master Plan and the DTIP should also address ongoing issues such as parking, historic preservation, connectivity, and the compatibility of infill Downtown continues to be a key focus point for tourism, historic preservation, entertainment, Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 2-7 cultural activities and more. Multiple developers have approached the City over the past few years, but without continued investment in downtown, future growth and improvements are limited. A comprehensive approach to Downtown is best, taking into account new public-private partnerships, infrastructure needs, and updated goals adopted by the City. 2.6 Promote mixed-use development, diversification, and intensification of Downtown Denton 2.6.1 Update the Downtown Master Plan and the Downtown Implementation Plan. 2.6.2 2.6.3 Create regulatory incentives, such as density bonuses, to expand housing in and adjacent to Downtown though adaptive re-use, utilization of upper stories, and infill development Refocus the Tax Increment Reinvestment Zone (TIRZ) in the Downtown area so that it incorporates the new strategies in the 2020 Economic Development Strategic Plan 2.6.4 2.6.5 Consider creation of a Parking Management Authority to address the parking challenges in Downtown Denton Create development standards for urban design, streetscape, scale, and architectural character applicable to the Downtown based on the updated Downtown Master Plan and DTIP, the guidance of the general urban design principles and policies of the Community Character and Urban Design Element, and the proposed citywide Urban Design Plan University Collaboration: Downtown Denton, together with the campuses of UNT and TWU make up Denton’s urban core However, the neighborhoods surrounding the universities have been heavily impacted by student housing, parking overspills, and university property acquisition for campus expansion. To addresses these issues, Neighborhood/ University Compatibility Area Area Plans are needed, with implementation through the Neighborhood/University Compatibility Area future land use designation. These should be coordinated with any future revisions to the DTI P to address common issues such as conflicts in scale, use and intensity, parking and vehicular circulation, blighted properties, walkability, transit access, and coordination between city and university planning. Due to development activities near the UNT campus the Oak Gateway Area Plan was prepared and approved to update the Fry Street Small Area Plan. The Plan addresses concerns raised by surrounding property owners and residents and provides recommendations for redevelopment that is compatible between the surrounding residential neighborhoods and the UNT campus. As UNT and TWU update and implement their Master Plans and as the City of Denton prepares Area Plans around the universities, existing agreements should be updated and new one established as needed 2-8 Land Use Land Use 2.7 Encourage collaborative planning for development and redevelopment surrounding UNT, TWU, and other major institutions. 2.7.1 Create more Neighborhood/University Compatibility Area Area Plans with UNT and TWU, and coordinate them with the updated Downtown Master Plan and Downtown Implementation Plan 2.7.2 Establish and update agreements for joint city – university planning, partnership, and collaboration within the Neighborhood/University Compatibility Areas, focusing on issues such as: • • • • Creation of redevelopment target areas surrounding blighted properties Regulation of on-street and off-street parking Pedestrian and bicycle facility improvement Hazard mitigation • Housing • Wayfinding • Preservation of historic structures and features • Green Infrastructure 2.7.3 Create development standards for urban design, streetscape, scale, green infrastructure, and architectural character applicable for the Neighborhood/ University Compatibility Area future land use designation based on the proposed Neighborhood/ University Compatibility Area Area Plan. the guidance of the general urban design principles and policies of the Community Character and Urban Design Element, and the proposed citywide Urban Design Plan. Encouraging Compact Growth at Centers and Corridors: A fundamental component of the Preferred Growth Concept is the encouragement of a compact growth pattern oriented around mixed-use centers and corridors. Centers and corridors generally are proposed to allow mixed-use development that focus increased density and activity at key locations with radiating density extending outwards from the primary intersections or corridors Centers and corridors were identified based on the locations within the city that are currently centers of activity and those that offer opportunity for future focus, either in the form of new development or redevelopment, and have the capacity to accommodate growth. While these areas have the capacity to accommodate growth, they must be closely evaluated in future development proposals to ensure that development achieves the vision of creating enhanced character and higher standards of design and economic vitality throughout the city. The mechanism through which this is accomplished is the Area Plan. which is identified for key Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 2-9 centers and corridors based on the Focus Areas Concept (Figure 4.1). The centers and corridors are consistent with the locations of concentrated development illustrated on the Preferred Growth Concept (Figure 1 .1 ) Once an Area Plan is prepared, an Overlay District may be established to create additional zoning standards which are applicable to the context of the proposed center or corridor. Area Plans may also establish specific standards and guidelines for public and private realm development and improvement, treatments for gateways, and other placemaking strategies. The Implementation and Monitoring Element contains guidance on how to create an Area Plan and an Overlay District, when it is determined that these are the chosen methods for guiding future development in specific areas 2.8 Create incentives and regulatory tools to promote new development or redevelopment of key centers and corridors. 2.8.1 Prioritize and create Area Plans for enters and corridors, consistent with the Focus Areas Concept (Figure 4.1 ) 2.8.2 Establish Overlay Districts as a result of Area Plans that apply revised development standards tailored to specific centers and corridors 2.8.3 Through the city’s Capital Improvement Program (CIP), prioritize investments in designated centers and corridors based on mobility recommendations and street standards 2.8.4 EstabEish Area Plans and Overlay Districts for employment focus areas to support industry clusters such as high-tech parks and rail/freight focused developments and minimize impacts to nearby residential land uses GOAL LU-3: Grow our Assets: Maintain and Strengthen Neighborhoods, Commercial and Employment Areas Policies and Actions Infill in Residential Areas: As noted in Table 2-1, single-family residential is the city’s largest category of developed land use Single-family housing and neighborhoods will remain a valuable resource, which should be protected from harmful influences, such as abrupt contrasts of scale and intensity. However, the City should take every opportunity to ensure that as gaps in the neighborhood fabric occur, infill development, that is development of vacant or deteriorated properties will be encouraged, complimenting the scale and character of each neighborhood. Infill development also creates opportunities for more compact forms of development and affordable housing options. Types of residential products that could be suitable infill in single-family neighborhoods include well- 2-1 0 Land Use Land Use designed townhomes, quad apartments, duplexes, and other types of low-moderate density housing which is potentially compatible within single-family neighborhoods. In addition, accessory dwelling units such as garage apartments and "granny flats” and a second small unit on a single- family lot could be considered. Some existing neighborhoods may tend to fear or resist the introduction of new housing types and perceive them as threats to neighborhood stability. Such concerns must be addressed by carefully examining how and where such uses can be introduced carefully within neighborhoods and in transitional areas, particularly along higher volume roadway corridors where single-family homes are no longer desirable. For neighborhoods that show signs of distress and transition, including decEines in physical upkeep and home ownership, neighborhood conservation strategies should be used to target interventions to contribute to neighborhood revitalization and stability, The Community Character and Urban Design Element and Housing and Neighborhood Element contain corresponding policies for achieving compatible infill and redevelopment. 2.9 Promote the stability and livability of established neighborhoods through the creation of guidelines and standards for cornpatible infill and the removal of impediments to redevelopment. 2.9.1 2.9.2 Conduct an inventory to identify areas of the city with infill potential within established neighborhoods Establish criteria to identify the characteristics of compatible infill development. which would include guidelines to prevent impacts and encroachments of incompatible uses, development scales and intensities. 2.9.3 Identify and remove reguEatory impediments to compatible infill and redevelopment. Consider zoning overlays, form-based codes, hybrid codes, and other code solutions to support compatible redevelopment and infill, 2.9.4 2.9.5 2.9.6 Enact standards in the Denton Development Code to ensure proper transitions and buffers between conflicting land use, scale, and intensities Apply neighborhood conservation strategies such as targeted code enforcement. housing rehabilitation, and clearance of blighted properties. As new zoning districts are developed, ensure that the new zoning districts are consistent with the FLUM and the land use designations. Infill in Commercial and Employment Areas: Similarly, in commercial and employment areas, change and obsolescence will occur as consumer preferences for retail change. fnstances of underutilized parking lots and out-dated big box stores produce gaps in the activity pattern and may contribute to blight. To address this inevitable obsolescence, the city should facilitate non-residential adaptive re-use, infill and redevelopment, and take advantage of opportunities to apply innovative development standards Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 2.1 1 as redevelopment occurs. The Community Character and Urban Design Element contains corresponding policies for achieving compatible infill and redevelopment 2.10 Promote the stability, quality, and functionality of commercial and employment areas through improved development standards and by addressing obsolescence. 2.10.1 Create and maintain an inventory of underutilized and abandoned "big box" retail structures as potential adaptive reuse, infill, and redevelopment sites to be developed to fill gaps in commercial and employment areas 2.10.2 Create and apply design and development standards to improve development quality and functionality of commercial and employment areas, GOAL LU-4: Grow Resourcefully: Manage growth for wise use of land resources with staged, contiguous, and compatible development Policies and Actions Growth and Annexation: The developable acreage within the present city limits and planned annexation areas is considerably more than will be needed to meet the growth needs of Denton through 2040. Although annexations provide a degree of control over what develops at the city’s edge and may be needed in order to prevent development using municipal utility districts, through which the city would lose influence to manage growth within its ETJ, the City needs to apply strict annexation criteria based on need and fiscal impacts by applying adequate public facilities criteria for future annexations and development approvals and continue policies for proactive growth management for a contiguous development patterns at the city's edge. Because much of the city’s present excess development capacity is within large planned communities, build-out will likely take longer than two decades to compEete. Much of the development will occur well into the future when market conditions, consumer preferences, and development practices may be much different from today. At present, some areas zoned as Master Planned Communities (MPCs) are associated with development plans that may not reflect present-day or future needs and preferences. It is in the mutual best interest of the City and the owners and developers of the MPCs to anticipate and provide for flexibility in re-planning these developments. Future MPC plans or Planned Developments should seek to introduce more innovative mixed-use and walkable development patterns with greater connectivity to the development pattern of the city, and alternative mixes and locations of residential, and centers for commercial development and employment 2.11 Promote development of Master Planned Communities (MPCs) and Planned Developments that are consistent with the long-term vision of the Preferred LandPreservation Plan and FLUM 2-1 2 Land Use Land Use 2.1 1 .1 Establish a process to facilitate revisions to the land use mix and design of approved MPCs including: • • Design that furthers the goals and policies of the Comprehensive Plan and the Preferred Growth Concept and the Preferred Land Preservation Plan A mix of housing types to reflect changing demographics and housing preferences Appropriate siting of schools, civic buildings, and community amenities • • • • Adjacency to existing transportation infrastructure systems Conservation development where appropriate Incorporation of compact, mixed-use, and walkable development patterns The integration of area-wide trails, greenways, and green infrastructure elements •Developable acreage that is in balance of overall development of the city 2.1 1.2 Consider adoption of an Adequate Public Facilities Ordinance to complement existing tools for growth management. This would enable the timing of development approvals to encourage development in areas contiguous with the city’s current footprint and priority development areas consistent with the Preferred Growth Concept 2.12 Expand the city limits through annexations at a rate consistent with the city’s growth rate and the demand for additional land, based on fiscal impact. the feasibility and cost- effectiveness of the provision of city infrastructure and services. 2.12.1 Revise annexation policies to reflect the sufficiency of undeveloped land within the present city limit, the need for a contiguous development pattern at the edge, and an assessment of the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of the provision of city infrastructure and services in various portions of the ETJ 2.12.2 Base future annexations on considerations of fiscal impact, covering all public facilities and services, and on a determination of adequate public facilities Gas Well and Pipeline Impact and Compatibility: Natural gas production is increasing, both nationally and locally, due to new technologies that enable economic exploration and development of what once was a hard-to-produce resource Researchers continue to identify the costs and benefits associated with natural gas production. The research continues to raise new questions and creates a regulatory environment that is stil relatively fluid. Denton’s regulatory environment is intricately dependent on state and federal laws, Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 2-13 legal challenges, stakeholders and interest groups, new research, and seemingly constant updates to best practices 2.13 Ensure proper and orderly development of both surface uses and mineral interests within the City’s boundaries and extra-territorial jurisdiction under current conditions. 2.13.1 Ensure that Denton is applying best practices to minimize the impacts of gas wells and pipelines. Monitor the implementation of the 201 6 gas well ordinance and the 2020 gas well setback ordinance and identify the ongoing impacts of gas well drilling and production on surface development costs and on roads and traffic patterns, the future effects of such activities on the Mobility Plan, and the fiscal and economic impacts of gas well development, 2.13.2 Prepare an Energy Exploration Master Plan to establish a long-term vision for energy exploration in Denton that guides siting, permitting, maintenance, inspections, reporting, and transitioning. 2.1 3.3 Consider the impacts of gas drilling and production sites and the location of pipelines in future updates to the Mobility Plan Managing Growth at the Edge: Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan provides policies for proactive, managed growth to develop a well-defined and contiguous edge, avoiding inefficient leapfrog development. Specific means to achieve sound edge conditions include the City’s water and wastewater CNNs (areas designated by Certificates of Convenience and Necessity), water bodies and watershed boundaries, and interlocal agreements with adjacent communities to define shared boundaries and the use As much of Denton is characterized as rural and agricultural land that possesses a character of Denton’s past and natural environment that is cherished, conservation development is recommended as the primary means of managing the interface of the developed and undeveloped land. Conservation development is an approach to the design of rural residential subdivisions which is highly suited to agricultural fringe areas where the retention of rural character and open space is desired. The concept is applied by permitting smaller, clustered lots, in return for the preservation of generous amounts of open space. A conservation development alternative, as proposed in the Rural Area future land use designation, would allow for the same number of smaller lots at the same gross density. For example, on a 1 00-acre tract zoned RD-5, an owner could develop 20 five-acre lots, completely sub)dividing the property. Under a conservation development alternative, 20 lots would also be permitted, but as small as one acre, consuming only 20 of the 100 acres. The remaining 80 acres could remain as a farm, pasture, homestead estate, or as protected open space, thus more effectively retaining rural character. This approach is highly advantageous both to the public and to private developers. It reduces the costs of public services with more compact development and makes available protected open space with habitat, 2-1 4 Land Use Land Use scenic, and recreational value at no public cost of acquisition. Conversely, advantages to developers and property owners include improved development profitability by lowering development costs for roads and utilities, along with tax advantages from open space easements or dedications and higher the sales values of residential lots which abut permanently protected scenic open space, comparable to the premium sales values of lots afong golf fairways 2.14 Protect rural character and scenic open space at the city’s Edge to promote the achievement of the Preferred Growth Concept. Preferred Land Preservation Plan, and the FLUM 2.14.1 Promote conservation (clustered) development in rural areas, with permanently protected open space in conservation easements, as an alternative to large lot development. 2.14.2 Expand the network of protected rural open space including floodplains and stream corridors through open space in conservation easements and through land dedications, voluntary conservation easements. land trusts, and parks. Develop procedures for transfers of ownership and responsibilities for management of protected open space Surrounding Municipality and Local Agency Coordination: The City of Denton has a well-established, collaborative relationship with the North Central Texas Council of Governments (NCTCOG), the metropolitan planning organization (MPO) that coordinates planning in the region. Denton participates in several regional mobility and sustainability initiatives as part of NCTCOG, including the Trinity Trail System, Transit Oriented Development (TOD) initiatives, school siting coordination, complete streets standards, achieving regional air quality standards, and other sustainable development initiatives. Similar collaborative relationships should be sought with Denton County and adjacent municipalities concerning coordination of development standards, growth management policies, environmental protection, and coordinated development review of projects which impact multiple jurisdictions. The Parks, Conservation, and Environment and Infrastructure and Utilities Elements contain corresponding policies for furthering conservation goals, maintaining rural character, and the provision of facilities. These Elements will work in tandem with the Land Use Element to achieve this goal. 2.15 Support continued intergovernmental coordination to address common issues of growth management and resource conservation and provision of public facilities and services. 2.15.1 2.15.2 Maintain coordination with NCTCOG on issues of sustainable development. regional mobility, and stormwater management. Maintain engagement with Denton County and adjacent municipalities concerning coordinated planning and development review for projects with regional impacts and the application of innovative standards for roads, infrastructure, and development Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 2-1 5 Development in the ETJ: Currently, Denton maintains an ETJ, which is the unincorporated area contiguous to the city’s corporate boundaries. The ETJ’s distance from the city limits is determined by the city's population and offers an opportunity to manage growth at the city's edge. As a population greater than 100,000, Denton’s ETJ extends five miles beyond the city’s boundaries in all directions, and the city currently has the ability to monitor development that occurs within this area, but does not have substantial regulatory power, Since the ETJ is not the city proper, it does not have city zoning and therefore not subject to the city's development controls. In Denton County, the county has oversight over development in the ETJ. However, when property owners want to plat a tract of land or develop a subdivision they have to plat with the City. Currently, Denton has an interlocal agreement with Denton County in which the City of Denton is involved in the approval process for subdivision applications in its ETJ, This agreement should be revised to ensure that development within the ETJ conforms to the Comprehensive Plan. When reviewing subdivision applications in the ETJ, the following policies and associated future land use designations should be followed Additional tools are needed to ensure that development conforms to the desired character that the City prefers to maintain in its rural areas. Similarly, location of gas wells should be reviewed alongside any subdivision applications in the ETJ to ensure that uses are complementary and infrastructure can be feasibly expanded. (See Policy 2.13 above) Lastly, at present it is also possible to easily create Municipal Utility Districts (MUDs) for the provision of services in unincorporated parts of the county in order to bypass annexation and allow for fast-tracked development. The proliferation of utility districts has allowed for a non- contiguous growth in Denton County that is not overseen by any municipality. Denton should encourage growth in MUDs that is consistent with City standards and with the compact manner of growth envisioned for the city’s future 2.16 Support designated future land uses within the Extraterritorial Jurisdiction (ETJ) to control the extent and character of development in the city’s periphery. 2.16.1 Continue to monitor growth in the ETJ by requiring City approval of subdivision applications in its ETJ through the established interlocal agreement with Denton County. Consider coordinating with Denton County to update the established interlocal agreement 2.1 6.2 2.1 6.3 Encourage proposed subdivision applications in the ETJ to be consistent with the Preferred Growth Concept, FLUM, established future land use designations and standards, and preserves rural character and natural environment. Update the interim MUD policy criteria to encourage consistency with land use criteria, adopted plans, and adopted infrastructure standards and require review of any MUDs in the development review process 2-1 6 Land Use Land Use 2.16.4 Coordinate with surrounding municipalities as part of the approval process for development proposals in Denton's ETJ where the proposed development is in close proximity or where a municipality shares a boundary. GOAL LU'5: Grow with Character: Promote Development which Enhances CommunityCharacter and Functionalitv Policies and Actions Maintaining Character: An important source of community pride in Denton is the fact that the city has historically maintained a separate and distinct identity and character, from other rapidly growing neighboring communities. To ensure that this distinct character is retained, this series of policies and actions proposes a comprehensive review of the city's development standards influencing both development quality and character, including architectural and landscape character. In addition, development standards influencing the city’s functionality should be reviewed, including “complete streets” design standards to promote walking, bicycling and transit use, as well as auto traffic, In addition, unique areas of the city require a unique set of standards, applied through new Area Plans. These may include areas that have a unique character or sensitivity, such as the city’s entrances and gateways, environmentally sensitive areas, and uses that pose unique challenges of compatibility, such as travel centers, which can exert impacts associated with truck traffic. Finally, while additional standards would primarily influence private sector development practice, it is appropriate that the City models a high standard for the design of public buildings, parks, and civic spaces. The Community Character and Urban Design Element contains general guidelines for the provision of a vibrant public realm, quality urban design of buildings, and creation of distinct places 2.17 Continue to facilitate and support desired forms of development and improved standards for urban design and placemaking that are consistent with the Preferred Growth Scenario, Preferred Land Preservation Plan, and FLUM. 2.17.1 Create and apply additional Area Plans to address challenges and enhance unique character areas 2.17.2 Streamline the approval process for developments demonstrated to be consistent with the Preferred Growth Concept, Preferred Land Preservation Plan and FLUM. 2.18 Set a high standard of quality in the design of the public realm to enhance appearance and functionality. 2.18.1 Enhance design standards pertaining to aesthetics and complete streets for future construction of public rights-of-way and thoroughfares, Denton 2040 ComprehensIve Plan 2.1 7 2.1 8.2 2.18.3 Coordinate design guidelines with the Mobility Plan goals and policies to achieve a functional street network for a wide range of transportation options Establish public realm design guidelines for buildings, streets, and public spaces that will achieve an aesthetically-pleasing interface between the public and private realm GOAL LU-6: Grow with Balance: Establish land use designations that respond to the growing needs and character specifications of the Denton community Policies and Actions Table 2-2 lists and describes the future land use designations. The desired pattern of future land uses is depicted in Figure 2.2: Future Land Use Map (FLUM). When compared to existing land uses, it becomes evident that the planned land uses reflect new patterns designed not only to accommodate the projected growth in population, but also to do so in creative ways that result in a more sustainable pattern, including greater use of mixed-use and targeted re-use and revitalization of designated centers and corridors. The purpose of the FLUM is threefold: first, to depict the intended long-term pattern of residential, commercial, employment. and other supporting land uses, as articulated in the Community Vision and through the land uses goals, policies, and actions. Second, the FLUM establishes the basis for adjustments to zoning district changes, development review procedures and other tools, to achieve the desired pattern and quality of development, Finally, the FLUM guides coordinated transportation and utility planning in order to ensure that facility capacities are consistent with the demands from anticipated levels and intensities of development The FLUM, however, does not constitute zoning, nor does it establish zoning district boundaries. Instead, the FLUM reflects a broad policy for future distribution of land uses to be achieved through by the year 2040, to be used in guiding future re-zoning and other development decisions within the city's corporate limits and subdivision applications in the city's extraterritorial jurisdictions. The general land use descriptions below are developed from the goals, poEicies and actions in this section and it is the intent that they will aid in development review. Table 2-2.Future Land Use Designations Percentof Area In Denton City Limits Percent Acres in 1 of AreaETJsin ETJs Acres in Denton CityLimitsLand Use Description Agriculture This category denotes areas that have large tracts of land in active agriculture uses for preservation, including ranchland, field crops, and other similar agricultural uses. This may also include rural 35,594 33% 4,556 7% 2-1 8 Land Use Land Use Percent of Area In Denton CityLimits Percentof Area in ETJs Acres in Denton City LimitsLand Use Description Acres in ETJs I uses, alternative energy generation. and accessory structures to support agricultural uses and uses that support agritourism. This category may include large lot residential (a maximum of one unit per ten acres). This land use may allow lots as small as one acre under the gross density provision to allow for conservation development which clusters smaller lots while permanently protecting scenic rural open space (through conservation easements), Residential development in this future land use category will continue the present character of the rural and agricultural areas of Denton with low-profile homes of no greater than two stories, generous lots and setbacks, and materials that complement the natural surroundings and ranch heritage. Rural Areas This category includes farms and ranches as the predominant use along with rural residential (a maximum of one unit per five acres) and rural commercial including feed stores, farm equipment, etc. This land use may allow lots as small as one acre under the gross density provision to allow for conservation development which clusters smaEler lots while permanently protecting scenic rural open space (through conservation easements). This land use may also include single-family homes on large lots, which are suited for areas on the periphery of the city that complement a more suburban type of development. Development in this future land use category will continue the present character of the rural areas of Denton with low-profile homes of no greater than two stories, generous lots and setbacks, and materials that complement the natural surroundings and ranch heritage. 37,746 35% 3,703 6% Low Residential This category includes the city's predominantly single- family neighborhoods, with lot sizes ranging from one acre or more in rural fringe areas up to five units per acre gross density throughout many of the city’s suburban subdivisions. Dwellings in this land use district are generally one to two stories with private driveways and open space, consisting of privately- maintained tree canopy and front, back and side yards. Building and driveway orientation, the locations of private garages, building material, and the presence of sidewalks vary by neighborhood and the era of 3,440 3% 1 5,960 25% Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 2-1 9 Percent of Area In Denton City Limits Percent Acres in 1 of Areain ETJsETJs Acres in Denton CityLimitsLand Use Description neighborhood development. Generally, these types of single-family neighborhoods are developed as distinct subdivisions that are linked by internal circulation systems with limited access to local and connector roads. This category may also include land uses that support residential neighborhoods, such as appropriately scaled commercial at arterial and collector street corners, and appropriately scaled public and quasi-public uses, such as religious andeducational institutions Density: Up to 5 dwelling units per acre Moderate Residential This category accommodates single-family detached housing on small lots, typical of Denton’s more compact, established single-family neighborhoods and low-rise multi-family dwellings and townhomes This land use applies to areas within the central areasof Denton and transition areas between established single-family neighborhoods and mixed-use or commercial areas that can accommodate greater density. or adjacent to key corridors. Dwellings in this future land use category vary in scale and style and may contain a great deal of diversity by each street and block. Most areas are characterized by rectilinear lots with modest front yards. Most streets are lined by sidewalks, but this is not prevailing throughout. Development is linked by local streets and is most commonly accessed by multiple intersections and points of access. While the land use primarily includes single-family dwellings, multi-family dwellings, and townhomes may be located in this land use as well While the quality of multi-family dwellings and townhomes currently varies, in the case of future infill deveEopment, they should maintain a scale, style, and building orientation in order to complement the prevailing character of its surroundings. This category may also include land uses that support residential neighborhoods, such as neighborhood scaEed commercial at arterial and collector street corners, and appropriately scaled pubFic and quasi-public uses, such as religious and educationaE institutions Density: (5-1 2 dwelling units per acre) 582 1 % 2,827 50/a This category denotes large-scale developments that are guided by separate development approvals, which 1 >1 % 8,968 14% 2-20 Land Use Land Use Percentof Area Irl Denton CityLimits Percent of Areain ETJs Acres in Denton City LimitsLand Use Description Acres inETJs establish the land uses, densities and intensities of development, and character. These developments typically provide for mixed uses that balance residential and non-residential uses and provide connectivity to other development throughout the city. Downtown Denton This designation allows for moderate (6-1 2 du/ac) and high density residential (>1 2 du/ac), commercial, office, entertainment, and other uses, except industrial, tailored to encourage a greater level of activity in Downtown, while protecting the scale and strengthening the character of Downtown andDenton's historic core. Downtown Denton is centered on the blocks surrounding the Square and will include development that complements and is oriented to this historic grid pattern of this area. As Downtown Denton is characterized by a particular scale and character, it is important that this be maintained in future development. However, as the cultural heart of Denton, it is also appropriate to allow for a variety of uses that can help foster the economic viability and evolution of Downtown to serve the community’s current preferences and needs. As significant infill opportunities exist in Downtown, development is encouraged. As the downtown area extends away from the Square, land uses should continue to have compatible form and uses for the areas that serve to strengthen both the Downtown and adjacent neighborhoods 0 0% 459 1 % This designation applies to areas that serve as regional destinations within Denton. Development may include residential, commercial, office, entertainment and other uses except industrial, at the highest levels of scale and density within the city. Unique development standards are proposed to create the walkable urban character and day and nighttime activity of an urban center. Major medical and healthcare institutions and the areas of influence around them are incEuded in this future land use designation This designation is located primarily along 1-35 interchanges and along primary arterials to encourage the greatest regional accessibility. Future development in Regional Mixed-use areas will complement and embrace existing. viable uses, and raise the standard of design to increase their regional 0 0% 2,350 40/0 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 2-21 Percentof Area In Denton City LimitsDescriptionLand Use Acres in ETJs Percent of Area in ETJs Acres in Denton CityLimits draw, acc;clivlly and mob a options, and create a sense of place Community Mixed Use This designation is intended to promote a mix of uses,of which various commercial uses remain predominant, but where residential, service, and other uses are complementary. This land use applies to existing and future commercial areas in the city. where redevelopment to mixed-use is desirable. The intent is to encourage infill and redevelopment for a more diverse and attractive mix of uses over time. Examplesinclude residential units over commercial uses or a wider array of economically viable uses to replaceobsolete uses such as former car sales lots and vacated big box stores. Such areas also may represent opportunities for higher density and mixed housing types, without impacting, nearby single-family neighborhoods. Future development in Community Mixed Use areas will complement and embrace existing, viable uses, and raise the standard of design to increase their economic viability, accommodate greater connectivity and mobility options, and create a sense of place to serve the local community 56 >1 % 2,593 40/0 Neighborhood Mixed Use This designation applies to neighborhoods or districts where the predominant use is residential, but with a mix of compatible housing types and densities along with local-serving, non-residential retail and service uses. Such use mixes are typically found in established neighborhoods in the city’s core that accommodate local services. This designation is also applied in areas of future development suited primarily to single-fami£y development, but where neighborhood-serving retail and services are critical to achieving balanced, accessible neighborhoods. At these locations, a diverse mix of housing types and densities may also be accommodated. Buildings should be appropriately scaled and have an intensity that complements the surrounding neighborhood and environment. Future development in Neighborhood Mixed Use areas will complement and embrace existing, viable uses, and raise the standard of design to increase connectivity and mobility options, and create a sense of place to serve the neighborhood 2 >1 % 51 7 1% 2-22 Land Use Land Use Percentof Area In Denton CityLimits Percent Acres in 1 of Areain ETJsETJs Acres in Denton CityLimitsLand Use Description Neighborhood / University Compatibility This land use designation applies to residential and commercial areas adjacent to University of North Texas (UNT) and Texas Woman’s University (TWU) that are affected by their proximity to the university Currently these areas are characterized by university and commercial buildings abutting, in many cases, single-family neighborhoods. As the universities are projected to increase in enrollment, which will require additional facilities, commercial uses and student housing, this designation is to create compatible formand land uses for the areas that serve both the established neighborhoods and the universities 0 0% 558 1% Business Center The Business Center designation is envisioned to be the City's employment centers, intended to allow for a range of businesses both in terms of sizes and types. From large tracts of land designed for well-planned, larger scale corporate office and employment parks, developed in a campus setting to smaller size tracts for research and technology businesses and start-up businesses. Supporting uses can be commercial uses, such as retail. hotels, and restaurants, The mixed-use nature of these areas will ensure that employment areas will be benefit from complementary retail and services throughout the day. Single-use, stand-alone residential use developments are not allowed within the Business Center designation. However residential uses (as a subordinated use) may be part of a larger mixed-use development. The proposed developments should include generous, linked open space to maximize value and to promote visual quality and compatibility with the surrounding area, This designation may be in areas that are in close proximity to commercial use areas and employment hubs in the city, so that future expansion may build from this proximity and create a critical mass for economicsuccess 97 >1 % 1 ,562 2% Light Industrial This designation is intended for tracts of land that are appropriate for light industrial activity, Primary uses incEude Eight manufacturing, assembling, and warehousing and distribution, and include associated supporting uses, such as offices, retail, and restaurants. Light Industrial areas should have adequate access to infrastructure, including the 1 ,888 2% 3,064 5% Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 2-23 Percent of Area In Denton City Limits Acres in Denton CityLimitsLand Use Description Acres in ETJs Percentof Area in ETJs transportation network. It is important in future development that transitions to adjacent sensitiveland uses are considered Industrial Commerce This designation applies to areas where the predominant uses include both light and heavy industrial uses, such as moderate to heavy manufacturing, assembly, fabrication, and wholesaling. Distribution warehouses may be included in this designation if used to replace underutilized and heavy industrial uses, or if ultimately reused to house future industrial development, This designation is located primarily west of 1-35W near the Denton Municipal Airport. It is important in future deveEopment that transitions to adjacent sensitiveland uses are considered 1 ,223 1 % 3,490 60/0 Government / Institutional This designation applies to government-owned land, university and college campuses, and similar large- scale institutional activity centers. Development in these land use areas is typically subject to particular guidelines and therefore outside of the oversight of development review. It is important that transitions to adjacent land uses are considered in the development of future government and institutional-related uses. In the case of universities, these are addressed within the Neighborhood/University Compatibility Area future land use designation. Coordination on future development will ensure that these land uses are appropriately designed. Government and institutionaluses often include structures that often become architectural and visual landmarks, which adds to the community's sense of place and identity. As such, development of future governmental and institutions uses should recognize principles of placernaking 27 >1 % 3,858 6% Parks/Open Space This designation applies to existing large-scale parks and protected open spaces of citywide significance that are expected to remain as open space in perpetuity. These are illustrated on Figure 5.1 Potential future large-scale park acquisitions, as well as smaller neighborhood parks and recreational uses may be included in a variety of future land use designations as allowable uses 22,264 21 % 2,791 4% Right of Way 4,626 4% 5,555 9% 2-24 Land Use Land Use 2 Figure 2.1 Future Land Use Map [..] CW nmb Future Land Use - . CommL'nky Mixed Use II /\R L_ ': }r, f a o 75 15 3MilnETJ DM,i,„ 1 w ] Agd,.h„ ll• Ndghb„h,,d Mixed Use I IYmE -u FE '- I[Z] ET J D I v 1 s I o n 2 = R u r a 1 1Eve a$ = N 1EA g h b a Mood IUnN aMy Camp Mumv neal is bILI Lakes Law Resldenbd = Business Center[3 Potenbd Municipal uu© DIs&lab (MUDs) = Moderate Readen6d LIght Indushd 1 1 s'ni(pdbanlnghr ate Wpnv4 a MasterPlmnedCammunW = IndusMd Cammene ll 1 dU h \ . I; II bENTON•=HT£“'’""'""”;’==:::':"=-'"’' '' :-//’F\ ”-="='- Ttys product is for informational purposes and may not have been prepared for or be suitable for legal, engineering, or surveying purposes. It does not represent an orbthelround surveY and represents onIY the appF9 Ei[naIe rebbve location of II prope'Ity boundaries. Although everybRon was made to ensure the aaulacy of this data. no such guaantee i; gIven ir implied. tJtilizitioh of this map indicates the understandi® that there is no guarantee to the accuFacY of this data' II Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 2-25 Figure 2.2 Preferred Land Preservation Plan r a[] Lakes – £XISUW OrbSheet = Pre$OIVH = Pre$eNOd Streams –-- Existing Sldepath Potential to be Preserved Potential to tn Preserved IE: CWU-„h – alsbng Trad Water Related Habitat Floodplain [=] ETJ DWnIan 1 - - - . FWtUr8 QrbStna n PnnrM = PrWB# ed [J] ETJ D#IS+On 2 - ' ' ' FUtUre SHeph PatenbaF to be Pr& served = Patenbal to be Presewed Future S&ateglc Condor Future Trad propiny boundaries. Although every effort was made to ensure the aacuracy of thIS data. no suh guarint&e ii given ir implied. Utilization of this map indicates the under$tarxilng that there is no guarantee to the accuracy of thIS data 2-26 Land Use 3 1 Fiscal and Economic Vitality Fiscal and Economic Vitality Overview The goals, policies, and actions necessary to ensure the sustained vitality of Denton must celebrate Denton’s strengths, support the community and welcome visitors, grow the economy, and ensure an infrastructure system capable of evolving with growth. The Fiscal and Economic Vitality Element provides information needed to address the impacts of new and different development in Denton, and provides a framework for budgeting for the financial implications of growth This Element explores approaches available to Denton to provide fiscally responsible infrastructure and public facilities necessary to support the community and economic development goals put forth throughout the Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan. Results of a Fiscal Impact Analysis (FIA) that was conducted inform the economic and fiscal policy and action recommendations of this Element. The community envisions more infill and compact urban form in the incorporated city, therefore, the results of the FIA reflect this vision. Fiscal impact analyses enable a city to estimate the difference between the costs of providing services for new development and the taxes, user fees, and other revenues generated by new development. The intent of a FIA is to guide policy decisions regarding revenue enhancements, and maintaining community facilities and services in keeping with population growth. otherwise known as levels of service. Major conclusions of the FIA inform the Fiscal and Economic Vitality Element through policy and action recommendations that build on current strengths to diversify the economy, explore opportunities for revenue enhancement, and encourage a development pattern that maximizes existing infrastructure. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 3-1 ,Acr\A /\MJ -;ilx+ – IFA The Fiscal and Economic Vitality Element discusses why it is important for Denton to • Implement the Comprehensive Plan policies and actions to spur economic growth; • Implement policies and actions to ensure the City’s long-term fiscal sustainability; • Establish and maintain appropriate levels of service for infrastructure and public facilities through the annual Capital Improvement Plan; and • Conduct additional fiscal impact analyses to determine fiscal impacts of individual projects and develop related revenue enhancement strategies The City is in the process of acquiring a fiscal impact tool to estimate public revenues and expenditures associated with development reviews and land use decisions, Fiscal and Economic Vitality in the Community Vision Statement The Character of Denton • Denton is fertile territory for creativity and innovation in our vibrant music and arts scene, technology, business, and education Our People, Institutions, and Government • We cherish our artists and musicians and celebrate our community in local events and festivals that reflect the uniqueness of the community. • The City of Denton is a healthy. family-friendly community which sees its youth as its most valuable resource; a resource worthy of investment in education, healthful recreation, and opportunities for challenging and rewarding employment and engagement in civic affairs. • The City of Denton’s institutions of higher learning, UNT and TWU, are partners with government, civic organizations, and local employers in initiatives to foster creativity in the arts, innovation, a strong economy, lifelong learning, and the retention of the best and brightest, The Strength of Our Economy • We leverage our strategic location, universities, and medical institutions, as a national leader in technological and knowledge-based innovation, allowing us to attract and retain ahighly educated and motivated workforce. • We leverage our strategic location and multi-modal accessibility in the Metroplex and capitalize on key assets such as the Denton Enterprise Airport. • We value and support our major manufacturing employers and other responsible corporate citizens to ensure their stability, encourage their commitment to Denton, facilitate their expansion, and leverage their presence by accommodating their suppliers, supporting businesses, and workers, 3-2 Fiscal and Economic Vitality Fiscal and Economic Vitality • We support and encourage our entrepreneurs and small businesses with a business- friendly attitude and efficient regulations and permitting • We market our Denton -brand', our unique, creative atmosphere and small-town quality oflife, which attracts a highly educated and motivated workforce and gives Denton a competitive advantage in attracting new investment, entities, and well-paying jobs • We attract corporations and businesses which have a strong sense of corporate responsibility to the environment, the community, and their governance and who take active roles as being excellent corporate citizens Sound Growth: Strengthening Our Form and Function Throughout Denton we see... • A compact development pattern which includes expanded areas of mixed use, a broad array of housing and retail choices responding to changing demographics and market preferences, and re-investment and infill in underutilized areas of the city. • An efficient transportation system with a safe and well-connected road network which accommodates a wide array of mobility options, including local and commuter rail transit, as well as accommodations for pedestrians and cyclists. • Infrastructure systems which have undergone well-planned, staged expansion to serve and manage the city’s growth. In the core of Denton, we see • A vibrant Downtown Denton, energized with new housing, shopping, arts, andentertainment, supporting day and nighttime activity and a true urban lifestyle – Denton style In our rural fringe areas of the city and the Extraterritorial Jurisdiction (ETJ) wesee • Contiguous, staged growth which is fiscally and environmentally sound, reduces fragmentation and sprawl, discourages premature development, and conserves the City’s future growing room Economic Vitality A strong and diverse economy is fundamental to achieving the Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan vision. Denton’s employed residents work in various industries, which are shown in the graphic below. The economic and workforce development policies and actions ensure that Denton continues to be a community of choice, specifically for the new graduates entering the workforce, and growth-oriented businesses in need of skilled talent, The economic base envisioned by the Comprehensive Plan capitalizes on local competitive advantages, focuses on the export of products and services, and the importing of income and discretionary dollars Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 3-3 \rvbAaAb It is through a growing economy that the City of Denton will drive the private and public investments necessary to improve the quality of life and place desired by the community. For example, the two growing universities (UNT and TWU) and the addition of North Central Texas College (NCTC) campus in Downtown Denton are economic engines in their own right, and the student bodies are a significant asset for the city. The universities and NCTC college serve as economic building blocks from which research partnerships can emerge, employers can staff jobs, and entrepreneurial start-ups can spin off. According tO 201 9 data from the U.S- @ Educational services and health care, social assistance Census Bureau (the most recent data • Arts, entertaInment, and InreaUon; accommodation and available), nearly 1 7 percent of the jobs IeIii:::Icees located in Denton are in Education • Professional, scientific, and management; administrative; Services. These jobs are disbursed _ waste n"nagel’lent se"K”s across all levels of education and : :::=::c==:T:surance. real estate rental and leasing demonstrate a concentrated investment • Other services, except public administration in workforce development. Of the top five e C'n strl"don major employers in Denton, three are in : =::cp::t=:::;r'::i:enhousing' and utilities the Education Services industry wh,I„d, t„d, (University of North Texas (UNT), Denton Information Independent school District1 Texas Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting; mining Woman's University (TWU)). As the S'’tl'ce; ACS 5-W'1'tstl'Tlat6'2019 universities evolve their educational programs to prepare new graduates to fill well-paying jobs offered by jobs offered by growing industries, the City can strengthen its position as an education hub Labor Force by Industry2019 L% 28% =EU 14 13% As a core city, Denton hosts a large share (24 percent) of the region’s commercial, retail, and personal services jobs. While not growth-oriented industries, a strong commercial sector increases vibrancy of the city and imports dollars from the surrounding region as visitors shop, dine and enjoy entertainment in the city. Denton also benefits from a strong Health Care and Social Assistance industry, which accounts for nearly 1 2 percent of 2019 jobs in Denton. These companies help to increase the quality of life for Denton’s citizenry and serve as an economic building block both as employers and by generating revenue from patients and visitors coming to the city to access services 3-4 Fiscal and Economic Vitality Fiscal and Economic Vitality Denton benefits from having a diverse industry base. Economic diversity creates a stable base, able to weather the ups and downs of any specific industry sector with less interruption to the city’s economy. The remaining 47 percent of existing jobs are distributed across the other major industry sectors. These jobs include activity in the industrial zone surrounding the Denton Enterprise Airport, which is one of Denton’s most crucial competitive advantages. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan protects the airport as an economic asset by providing policies and actions designed to recruit growth-oriented business dependent on a diverse and reliable transportation network and providing guidance in how to use the asset to increase export-oriented industrial activity. Specific goals toward that end and related policies and actions follow GOAL FEV-1: Ensure the long-term financial stability of the city with fiscally responsible policiesand actions Policies and Actions Economic Development and Land Use: Denton hosts two growing universities, a college, a thriving music scene, a growing high-tech industry sector, and a high-capacity municipal airport with opportunities for expansion. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan identifies strategies to celebrate the unique character of Denton, by encouraging complementary development, environmental stewardship, and economic diversification. It looks to use the built environment to retain and attract professional, creative, and entrepreneurial talent looking for economic success and quality of place. As the development pattern shifts to more compact development, land use regulations will be used to encourage the development/redevelopment of underutilized areas. These may include, but are not limited to, reduced parking requirements in exchange for increased density allowances or multi-modal infrastructure investments, or scaled impact fees in core service areas 3.1 Use the Future Land Use Map (FLUM), the 2020 Economic Development Strategic Plan, and the 2021 Affordable Housing Needs Market Value Analysis to ensure adequate development areas exist to support a self-sustaining economy with a diversity of live/work/play development opportunities. 3.1.1 Ensure adequate land for future economic growth, particularly in the non- residential future land use categories, including a sufficient buffer zone adjacent to protected land uses. 3.1.2 3.1.3 Partner and collaborate with developers to provide sufficient workforce housing to meet market demands and diversify housing choices. Incentivize the development or redevelopment of mixed-use projects that provide flexible space for commercial, office, and residential use Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 3-5 3.1 .4 3.1 .5 Evaluate the need for additional development code standards that encourage infill and redevelopment, and remove growth impediments in the area of Denton that is incorporated. Complete and implement the fiscal impact tool in development reviews and land use decisions 3.2 Ensure the development of new workplaces that are close to and complement surrounding residential, civic, and recreational land uses. 3.2.1 Use the FLUM, the 2020 Economic Development Strategic Plan, and the 2021 Affordable Housing Needs Market Value Analysis as the guide to all future development, which places jobs and residences in close proximity, where appropriate. Economic Development and Partnerships: Denton is part of a larger economic region that radiates out from Dallas and Fort Worth. Denton's economic growth depends on the growth of the larger region. Therefore, it is important for Denton to be an active member of regional economic development organizations such as Chambers of Commerce and Convention and Visitor Bureaus. Affiliations with these types of organizations can help the City monitor economic trends, understand the needs and opportunities associated with target industries, recruit new businesses, retain or expand existing companies, and develop targeted workforce training partnerships Target industries are those with high growth potential. They are identified based on their potential to provide the greatest number of well-paying jobs and economic growth. The target industries should include those already identified as important and growing industries in Denton like arts and entertainment, and the high-tech sector. In addition, Denton is a community that values small, locally-owned businesses, which also add to the economic vitality of the city. Small businesses are important for highlighting community character and catering to millennials and others that wish for a more urban lifestyle, as well as providing spaces for entrepreneurialism 3.3 Ensure consistency between the City's existing regulations and policies and the 2020 Economic Development Strategic Plan for identifying and recruiting target industries. 3.3.1 Work with the Chamber of Commerce and Convention and Visitors Bureau to increase Denton’s visibility among the identified target industry employers and their trade organizations 3.3.2 Build partnerships between industry, local K-1 2, and post-secondary institutions (specifically TWU. UNT and NCTC) to design training and internship programs to provide the workforce for the identified target industry employers and entrepreneurs 3-6 Fiscal and Economic Vitality Fiscal and Economic Vitality 3.3.3 3.3.4 Actively recruit new business to the Denton Enterprise Airport, ECO-W.E.R.C.S., and UNT’s Discovery Park area Develop public-private partnerships to ensure adequate space for the growth of small businesses, entrepreneurs, and spin-off local businesses of the target industries’ larger employers GOAL FEV-2: Improve the City’s job-to-worker ratio by increasing the number of jobs available to the resident workforce and local graduates Policies and Actions Workforce Development: According to U.S, Census Bureau's 2019 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, the city's labor force is approximately 76,000, but only 68,304 residents are employed. Economic development programs specifically designed to attract growth industries may help raise the city’s jobs-to-population ratio, and provide more employment opportunity for city residents. The at-place job/worker ratio is an indication of how well the residential workforce of an area meets the needs of the industries present in the area. TabEe 3.1 shows an estimate of jobs located in Denton in 20 1 9, and an estimate of employed residents of the city. A job/worker ratio higher than one means there are more local jobs in a particular industry than there are residents employed in the industry, suggesting an opportunity for the city to facilitate conversations with the local higher education institutions to provide workforce development programs specific to local industry demands. For industries like Manufacturing and Educational Services, which have more jobs located in the city than there are employed residents in the industries, Denton should support workforce development programs designed to train the needed workers for these important industries From an economic development standpoint, ratios less than one present opportunities for business recruitment by demonstrating a residential workforce with specific industry experience. For the growth-oriented industries including Information, and Professional, Scientific and Technical Services Denton can demonstrate a ready workforce to serve incoming or start-up businesses Table 3.1.City of Denton Employment Profile, Count of Jobs and Workers by industry All Jobs Total All Jobs Jobs 68,304 Workers 67,280 Job/Workers Ratio* Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing andHunting 29 16 113 348 0,26 0.05Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and GasExtraction Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 3-7 All Jobs Total All Jobs Jobs 68,304 Workers 67,280 Utilities 325 2,1 57 8,261 1 ,36] 6,663 1 ,750 41 8 433 3,272 4,725 2,970 7,345 3,058 1 ,167 3,182 1 ,241 0.75 Construction 0.66 Manufacturing Wholesale Trade 1.75 0.46 0,91Retail Trade Transportation and Warehousing Information 0,57 0.36 Finance and Insurance 1 ,134 938 0.36 Real Estate and Rental and Leasing Professional. Scientific. andTechnical Services Management of Companies andEnterprises Administration & Support, WasteManagement and Remediation Educational Services 0.76 2,159 4,290 0.50 282 997 0.28 2,672 4,459 0.60 19,563 8,673 389 10,200 7,456 931 7,219 1.92 Health Care and Social Assistance 1 ,16 Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation Accommodation and Food Services Other Services (excluding Public Administration) Public Administration 2,939 2,143 1 ,37 *A job/worker ratio higher than one means there are more local jobs in a particular industry than there are residents employed in the industry. Source: OnTheMap, Job Count by N AICS Industry Sector, Employment StatistIcs: Denton Work Area Profile, Denton Home Area Profile, 2019; https://onthemap.ces.census.gov/ 0.42 7,070 0.98 1 ,505 1 ,731 0.87 3-8 Fiscal and Economic Vitality Fiscal and Economic Vitality Any strong economic development strategy for the City must include a workforce training component to ensure new graduates and all residents have the skills needed to serve the local industries, A well-educated labor force is critical for successful business attraction and retention Developing an educated labor force begins with early education for city youth and continues to serve all age and skill levels of the labor pool. In addition to working with public and private educational institutions to provide high-quality targeted education programs, the economic development strategy encourages regional connections to create opportunities for local industries to partner directly with the educational institutions to develop workforce training curricula that meet the tiered skill demands of local employers. The percentage of residents who are 25 years old or older and have a bachelor’s degree or higher is 39%. While the percentage of residents 25 years old or older that have a bachelor’s degree is lower than the county at large, the percentage has increased since 201 5, The two state universities, University of North Texas and Texas Woman’s University and North Central Texas College – create an educational environment in the community. Combined, there are over 50,000 students enrolled in these universities While Denton has potential for economic growth, the focus on increasing the number of Denton residents who both live and work in the city should continue. The graphic to the right shows the inflow and outflow of employees in Denton in 2018, the most up-to-date data available from the U.S. Census 201 9 American Community Survey. As the figure shows, the majority of Denton's employed residents commuted to other cities for work. As the 2020 Economic Development Strategic Plan notes, residents mostly commute to other cities in the Dallas-Fort Worth area. Conversely, almost 30,000 people commuted into Denton for work. Approximately 1 0,000 people who both resided and worked in Denton, Employee Inflow'outflow 1 0.378 Resitleats Living and Workingin the City ofDentonEmployed in the City au?s:::ofhElliT? Living in the City ofDenton EmployedOutside the City + 1,929 + 88 + 5,691The graphic shows that approximately 79,000 individuals were employed in Denton in 2018 Among those, 38% traveled into Denton to work and 13% were residents. This is similar to commuting statistics for 201 5, suggesting a trend and the need for better employment opportunities in the city. In 201 5, there were approximately 71.000 people working in Denton – 39% of workers commuted into Denton to work, while 15% were both living and working in Denton aDP0al 1 0.290 Residents LIving end Workingin the City ofBenton 7524 Employed in the CIty'of Denton LivingOutside the City LivIng in the City ofDenton EmployedOutside the City Source: Census BureauOnTht+dap. 2018 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 3-9 3.4 Improve the workforce opportunities for the resident labor force and local university graduates. 3.4.1 Facilitate partnerships between private industry, the public and private schools, and industry and trade groups to support business recruitment and expansion efforts 3.4.2 3.4.3 Strengthen partnership and collaboration with the universities to grow workforce development opportunities between the educational programs, the Denton Enterprise Airport, and the aviation/aerospace industry. Recruit highly skilled talent and high-growth businesses to grow as a high-tech empEoyment hub, Educational Attainment. Bachelor's Degree or Higher2015 & 2019 4% 3.4.4 3.4.5 Partner and collaborate with UNT, TWU, and North Central Texas College (NCTC) to connect employer needs with degrees and programming. Encourage local businesses to develop internship programs to support local students and recent graduates. GOAL FEV-3: Increase Denton’s tourism and entertainment Dotential 2015 2019 City of Denton 2015 2019 Denton County Policies and Actions Tourism and Entertainment in Denton: Denton is a growing city with "small town" charm and hospitality. Organizations like the Denton Main Street Association (DMSA) have a focused mission to preserve the historic charm, and to support the small, often locally owned, businesses that define Downtown as a destination for shopping, dining. and entertainment. As the economic and workforce development goals seek to grow Denton’s population and economic activity. it is important to support efforts to preserve the heritage and economic activity that define the small-town character celebrated by Denton's citizenry Note: Forresicknts 25 yun or ot&r Soma: ACS S'year Estim<HQ 201S & 2019 As host to two growing universities and a high-capacity municipal airport, Denton has a higher than average visibility outside its immediate economic region. The city captures national attention as a high-tech hotspot, and for a flourishing music entertainment scene. These are unique assets for the city. They provide excellent opportunity for the City to market itself as a tourist destination. As part of a comprehensive economic development strategy, the national attention provides an opportunity to grow the economy. 3-1 0 Fiscal and Economic Vitality Fiscal and Economic Vitality Tourism is about attraction and retention. Lake Ray Roberts, Lake Lewisville, the Greenbelt Corridor, and annual events and festivals play an important role in attracting visitors to Denton. Every effort should be made to preserve these amenities, and to build links between recreation, entertainment, and economic activity in Denton to attract more visitors and extend their time spent in the city Capitalizing on Denton's unique assets will require a well-designed branding and marketing campaign to attract visitors. Once attracted, it is equally important for the City to implement a placemaking strategy to help define and celebrate Denton's character. while helping visitors navigate the city and experience as much as possible. A well-designed placernaking strategy is one component of a comprehensive economic development strategy and an external marketing campaign. It uses the City’s marketing and branding imagery to celebrate Denton's amenities and help visitors navigate the city. It will support the mission of key organizations by highlighting the diversity of retail, dining, and service offerings. It will improve circulation by highlighting the options for pedestrians and cyclists, which also supports vibrancy of commercial activity. As the future land use development pattern evolves to create multiple district centers in Denton, it will be important for a well-designed branding and placemaking strategy to help define districts with unique character while unifying all of Denton under a larger marketing campaign. 3.5 Create a citywide branding and placemaking strategy that is consistent with the design standards of approved documents. 3.5.1 Use innovative placemaking, wayfinding, greenway, and gateway strategies to define the City and welcome visitors, with the goal to extend time spent in the City 3.5.2 3.5.3 3.5.4 Market, promote, and support the diversity of industry presence in Denton and the opportunity for industry cluster growth Market, promote, and support the Arts, Music, and Recreation industries in alignment with the designated arts and cultural district. Implement the pedestrian and bicycle linkage component of the Denton Mobility Plan to increase access and visitation to recreation, retail, and entertainment districts 3.5.5 Develop and implement a strategy to centralize and coordinate, but not standardize, communication and marketing efforts among all City departments and entities 3.6 Work with organizations to design, promote, and advertise events for Downtown. 3.6.1 Support efforts to preserve and promote the history of Downtown through the implementation of the 2019 Historic Preservation Plan and the work of the City's Historic Preservation Officer. 3.6.2 Work to support the small, local businesses that create vibrancy in the Downtown and serve as destinations within the city. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 3-1 1 3.6.3 Actively promote historic preservation to increase economic, cultural, and educational diversity. Fiscal Vitality: Fiscal Impact Analysis: Several assumptions about development were made to complete the FIA and present a fiscal picture for the City through the plan horizon that continues to frame the policies and actions of this Element. The FIA evaluated the fiscal impacts that can be anticipated each year of the plan horizon as well as the cumulative fiscal impacts over the planning horizon timeframe. The FLUM effectively acknowledges the conclusions of the FIA and enacts and affirms policies in centralizing land use to ensure a more compact urban form. The City is in the process of acquiring a fiscal impact tool that can be used to estimate proposed development revenues and expenditures Fiscal impact analyses enable a city to estimate the difference between the costs of providing services for new development and the taxes, user fees, and other revenues generated by new development. The intent of a FIA is to guide policy decisions regarding revenue enhancements. and maintaining community facilities and services in keeping with growth, otherwise known as leveEs of service The FIA examined revenue generation, and operating and capital costs to Denton associated with the provision of public services and facilities to serve the new residential and nonresidential development projected by each growth scenario. It includes all direct revenues and costs associated with each growth scenario. All General Fund, Debt Service Fund, Recreation Fund, and Street Improvement Fund revenues were evaluated. Only revenues in these funds increase due to growth and were. therefore, included in this analysis. The FIA showed direct revenues and costs from new development only and did not include revenues or costs generated from existing development. The methodology used in, and major conclusions of the FIA are detailed in the fiscal impact report provided as an appendix to this Comprehensive Plan The first step in creating a fiscally sound future is to understand the existing financial structure of the City. The understanding of the City's revenue sources and financial structure are described be£ow Local Revenue Structure: Denton provides and maintains an extensive capital inventory. including public facilities for government, parks and recreation, public safety, utilities, and roads. The ability of the City to continue to maintain and expand these services and facilities to serve growth – known as levels of service – depends on a pattern of development that maximizes efficiency and revenue available for continued investments. A diverse revenue structure sufficient to meet the needs. and flexible enough to advance the community and economic goals of the City is important to achieving fiscal vitality. 3-1 2 Fiscal and Economic Vitality Fiscal and Economic Vitality Budget and Financing: In order to finance all facilities, infrastructure, and services, the City must budget for all expected expenditures based on annual revenues and any fund balances carried over from the previous fiscal year. The balance of revenues to expenditures is a complex process of extensive scope, the details of which are best reviewed in either the City’s annual budget or comprehensive financial annual reports Sources of Revenue: The General Fund is the primary mechanism to manage operations in the City. Cities in Texas have an array of revenue sources available to them, the most substantial of which are usually sales tax, utility revenue, service fees, and property taxes. When levied and allocated in a fiscally responsible manner, these and other revenue streams can help Denton advance the economic and community development goals. The balance of tax, fee, and user rates is a complex process of extensive scope. the details of which are best reviewed in either the City's annual budget or comprehensive financial annual reports. A brief discussion of the City’s current rates follows Property Tax Home-rule cities, like Denton, with a resident population of 5,000 or more, have the statutory authority to levy property tax of up to $2.50 per 8100 of assessed value, According to 201 3 data provided by the Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts, a quarter of the over 1 ,200 municipalities tracked by the state office have higher property tax rates than Denton. Sales and Use Taxes Cities may impose a sales and use tax rate of one (1 ) percent, which can be used for any purpose except securing the payment of bonds or other indebtedness. Most incorporated cities may impose a sales tax for property tax relief. Revenues are deposited into a City's general revenue fund and the local sales tax must reduce the effective property tax rates within the City, Many cities also impose additional sales taxes, known as “dedicated taxes," in varying amounts of up to one cent for specific purposes, such as mass transit, street maintenance, economic development, and sports venues. However, each municipality is restricted to a maximum, combined sales and use tax rate of two (2) percent Incorporated cities may create special districts and use sales taxes to fund them. Special districts include a crime control and prevention district; a fire control, prevention, and emergency medical services district; a municipal development district; and a municipal management district. Municipal Development District - Municipalities in Texas. subject to the Texas Local Government Code, may establish a municipal development district to plan, acquire, establish, develop, construct, or renovate one or more development projects beneficial to the defined district. A district may perform any act necessary to the full exercise of the district’s powers; accept grants Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 3-1 3 and loans; acquire, sell, lease, convey, or otherwise dispose of property or an interest in property. including a development project, under terms and conditions determined by the district; and employ necessary personnel. To fund the district, a sales and use tax can be levied, subject to voter approval and subject to the limitation that all local taxes may not exceed two (2) percent, Additionally, a district may issue bonds, including revenue bonds and refunding bonds, or other obligations to pay the costs of a development project. As Denton evolves towards a compact development pattern, a municipal development district, or other special taxing district may be a fiscally responsible mechanism for raising revenue for necessary capital expansions to accommodate growth. Other Taxes Cities have authority to levy a tax on a person who pays for a room at a hotel- These funds may only be used for specific purposes defined by statute. Other taxes available to cities include mixed beverage tax, a cemetery tax, a coin-operated machine tax, and venue taxes Franchise Fees Cities may collect fees from private utilities and other industries for the use of city property necessary to distribute their services. Examples include electric, gas or water, cable and video, or telecommunications franchise fees User Fees Cities may collect user fees, which are charges collected for the use of city services, including city facilities and building permits. User Fees are designed to offset the operating costs associated with providing certain municipal services like building inspection and permitting, and recreation programs. They are allocated tothe General Fund. Utility Fees Cities may collect utility fees, which are charges collected for utility service. Denton provides water, sewer, electricity, and solid waste services for the City. Impact Fees Cities may require new development to make a one-time payment necessary to fund system improvements needed to maintain current levels of service. An impact fee represents new growth's fair share of capital facility needs. By law, impact fees can only be used for capital expansions, not operating or maintenance costs. Impact fees are subject to legal standards, which require fulfillment of three key elements: need, benefit, and proportionality. First, to justify a fee for public facilities, it must be demonstrated that new development will create a need for capital improvements. Second, new development must derive a benefit from the payment of the fees (i.e., in the form of public facilities constructed within a reasonable timeframe). Third, the fee paid by a particular type of development should not exceed its proportional share of the capital cost for system improvements 3-1 4 Fiscal and Economic Vitality Fiscal and Economic Vitality The City of Denton assesses a parks and recreation impact fee, roadway impact fee, and utility impact fees for Water and Wastewater facilities. The City established a road impact fee in 201 5 that was needed to fund planned expansions of the city-maintained road network in order to accommodate the additional vehicle miles of travel (VMT) anticipated with new development. The Roadway Impact Fee Fund was established in FY 201 5-1 6, and in FY 2020-21, the budget Included revenues of $3.0 million, but additional roadway expenditures are still needed in the amount of $2 million. Fiscal Impact Analysis Results: Using the financial assumptions described above, the FIA evaluated the alternative growth scenarios, as described in the Plan Framework, to understand the potential benefits and costs of different land use patterns. Each growth scenario evaluated a consistent projection of housing units, population, nonresidential building area, and jobs through the year 2040. The location and types of residential and nonresidential development were varied by growth scenario to illustrate the possible future development pattern for the City and its impact to fiscal operations. Following the creation of the Preferred Growth Concept. it was similarly evaluated to determine its potential fiscal impact. As a representation of the community’s preferred growth pattern, and a conceptual depiction of the FLUM, the Preferred Growth Concept provides a lens into the actual fiscal implications to the City’s future, and thus provides a means for determining policies and actions for fiscal sustainability. The Preferred Growth Concept yielded a cumulative net surplus to the City, when comparing available and projected resources to projected costs over the plan horizon. This takes into consideration operating revenues and costs as well as capital revenues and costs, and balances the results. Over the plan horizon, dedicated capital revenue generated by new development is not sufficient to cover the necessary capital expansions to maintain levels of service for new development, as the only dedicated revenue for capital needs in Denton is a portion of the property tax. Regardless of the deficit for capital needs, the cumulative fiscal impact of the Preferred Growth Concept is a surplus Annual fiscal impacts were also evaluated to reflect revenues and expenditures each year during the analysis period. Each year reflects total revenues generated minus total expenditures incurred in the same year, including both capital and operating costs. By showing the results annually, the magnitude, rate of change, and timeline of deficits and revenues can be observed over time. Data points above the $0 1ine represent annual net surpluses; points below the 80 line represent annual net deficits. Each year’s net surplus or deficit is not carried forward into the following major conclusions were drawn from the FIA: Local Revenue Structure. The Preferred Growth Concept assumes that in the plan horizon, the City would add 93,951 new residents, which equates to 75 percent of its existing population, and would more than double the square footage of nonresidential development. This significant growth generates positive cumulative net fiscal results. Revenue generated by the Preferred Growth Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 3-1 5 Concept includes significant sales tax revenue projected based on the amount of retail square footage. Levels of Service. Capital expenditures are modeEed based on maintaining citywide levels of service thresholds per capital investment, and levels of service by sub-area of the city. If excess capacity exists in an area, the analysis assumes the excess will serve some new growth before additional capital investments are made to meet population demands, For example, the Preferred Growth Concept takes advantage of existing parkland with the capacity to serve some new development located nearby, therefore requiring fewer new acres for City Park and Community Park development to serve the compact development pattern. Road construction was projected using a marginal approach, based on the average capacity of city-maintained arterial roadways and vehicle miles of travel (VMT) generated from new growth. Road expansion projects represent the largest cumulative capital expense category, but savings are achieved by the compact development pattern, based on the assumption that density will increase the market feasibility of multi-modal options Demographic and Market Characteristics of New Growth. The results identify cost savings of increasing development densities. Cumulative operating and capital expenditures decrease as development density increases. The ability to utilize excess capacity in existing capital facilities before building or acquire new infrastructure results in significant capital savings. Accordingly, some operating expenditures. like additional Personal Services, are not incurred at the same rate as when development expands to the periphery The policies and actions of this Element were informed by the conclusions of the Fiscal Impact Analysis, which are geared to create a more fiscally sustainable future for Denton and ongoing fiscal and economic vitality. GOAL FEV-4: Establish and maintain a fiscally responsible revenue and expenditure balance Policies and Actions Revenue Enhancement: The city is fortunate in that it has three significant growth-related revenue sources (1 ) property tax, (2) sales tax, and (3) franchise fees, from which to fund services and facilities. The City benefits further from the generation of sales tax revenue not only from retail development, but also from office and industrial space According to the FY 2020-21 budget, sales tax (i.e,, other local taxes) revenue is 30.0 percent of revenue directed to the General Fund. The development pattern of the Preferred Growth Concept is designed to create vibrant live/work/play districts. As more residents, workers, and visitors spend time in the City there will be an increased demand for commercial establishments including retail, dining, hotel, arts and entertainment venues. This increase in potential sales tax revenue, 3-1 6 Fiscal and Economic Vitality Fiscal and Economic Vitality along with the Ad Valorem property tax revenue potential from new development, and increases in franchise fees demonstrates how the land use pattern directly affects the revenue stream to the City 3.7 Maintain a balance of revenue sources that supports desired levels of service, while remaining inviting to development. 3.7.1 3.7.2 Charges for services and other city revenues will be examined annually during the budget process and adjusted as deemed necessary by the governing body to respond to cost increases or any other changing circumstances The City’s revenue and expenditure balance will be evaluated annually during the budget process and set by City Council considering the level of services required for the implementation of plan policies, actions, and priorities in the Comprehensive Plan. 3.7.3 Analyze each proposed development in the city relative to projected revenues and expenditures. GOAL FEV-5: Design a fiscally advantageous land use pattern paired with fiscally responsible infrastructure management and investment Factors Influencing the Fiscal Sustainability of Land Use In addition to the local revenues discussed above, other factors influencing the fiscal results of different development patterns in the City include: • demographic and market characteristics of new growth, • fiscal hierarchy of land use, • services provided and levels of service, and • capacity of existing infrastructure Demographic and Market Characteristics of New Growth: Next to a community’s revenue structure, no other factor has as great an impact on the net fiscal results as the demographic and market characteristics of different land uses. Examples of demographic and market variables for residential development include average household size, market value of housing units, trip generation rates, density per acre, and average household income, Important demographic and market characteristics for nonresidential development include square feet per employee, trip generation rates, market values per square foot, and floorarea ratIO Fiscal Hierarchy of Land Use: Examples of the revenue and expenditure balance of land uses in Denton include Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 3-1 7 \/ AbA • The City collects property tax and sales tax from retail establishments, but of the nor+residential land uses, retail typically has the highest operating and capital demands. Retai generates the highest number of vehicle trips, stressing the street infrastructure, and has higher rates of public safety calls compared to other nonresidential land uses •Low-density residential generates higher property tax revenues per unit, but requires extension and maintenance of streets, water, and utilities to reach greater distances than higher density clustered development, Sprawling, single-family residential development generates more and longer vehicle trips per housing unit than multi-family residential; and on average has more persons per household than multi-family development. generating more demand for public safety, parks, libraries and other city services • A large proportion of current demand for police services is generated from multifamily residential development, which generates the least per unit tax revenue. On average, no single land use provides a strictly positive fiscal result. The Preferred Growth Concept encourages a balanced development pattern to mitigate the financial implications of each land use type, Levels of Service: The current or planned levels of service (LOS) provided to the community for various operations and infrastructure have a significant fiscal impact on Denton. Existing levels of service are facility or service standards currently being maintained and funded through the budget (e.g., park acres per capita, or lane miles of roadways per vehicle miles of travel). This is an important factor since levels of service generally vary from city to city, by community, and over time, and can therefore affect development patterns and fiscal sustainability. Variations in LOS result from both natural fluctuations in new development and capital improvement programs, or by direct action to accept a lower LOS (e.g., municipal staff layoffs) or planned action to invest in a higher LOS (e.g., adding sufficient lane miles to raise the system-wide LOS) Capacity of Existing Infrastructure: The capacity of existing infrastructure in Denton has implications for the fiscal sustainability of new development. While the roads in the developed core are reaching capacity, those extending out to the periphery have excess capacity available to serve new growth. In comparison, there is existing park acreage available to serve growth in the developed core, but insufficient land to serve development in the periphery. In either of these situations, and others like them, understanding the abilities and constraints of existing infrastructure is important to crafting a fiscally sustainable growth plan. During the Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan community outreach process, the community reaffirmed concern about the decreasing level of service of existing roadways in the development core, meaning vehicle miles of travel on the existing roadways is increasing faster than new lane miles of capacity are being added. The City maintains 1 70 lane miles of minor arterial roadways 3-1 8 Fiscal and Economic Vitality Fiscal and Economic Vitality Based on vehicle miles of travel (VMT) generated from existing development, the current level of service is 0.14 lane miles per 1,000 VMT. This is the established level of service for the entire system; however, the City recognizes specific areas of the City, like the developed core, host a larger share ofVMT per lane mile than roadways along the periphery. In response to community feedback, the Comprehensive Plan presents policies and strategies to provide a better and more uniform level of service for all city roadways. The community also expressed an interest in more multi-modal roadways with greener infrastructure, improved walkability, and more bike lanes Such improvements involve costs beyond that of enhancing vehicle capacity, but would offset some auto-centric needs and will be reflected in the goals, policies, and actions pertaining to this Element Infrastructure Investment - Levels of Service: The Preferred Growth Concept reflects the outward expansion of the city's development. While this is necessary to provide the diversity of development options desired in the community, it requires costly capital expansion of infrastructure and services. The Comprehensive Plan identifies financial policies, like adopting additional development impact fees, to ensure those requiring the expansions of services are baring the cost to provide a consistent level of service to all development in the city, For example, public safety response times are an important indicator of service delivery and capital needs. As development in Denton expands outward, the Denton Fire Department will require new stations and capital equipment to maintain levels of service. Therefore, as development intensities shift, citywide levels of service must be constantly monitored to ensure the efficient use and allocation of all capital infrastructure and equipment Sprawling growth patterns require large capital investments to add new miles of utility and roadway infrastructure, and additional public safety facilities and equipment to maintain established response times. On the other hand, increased intensity of development in the city core makes use of existing infrastructure’s excess capacity, and the ability to share facilities like developing schools next to parkland. The compact development pattern of the Preferred Growth Concept balances needs for capital expansion, maintenance, and service delivery with the development options desired in the community, it encourages a development pattern that will achieve cost savings by maximizing existing capital facilities, generate revenue from new commercial activity and a diverse housing stock, and increase the market feasibility of multi- modal circulation Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 3-1 9 What services does the City of Denton provide? The following are services that the City of Denton provides and maintains. • 3D parks with 1,21 0 park acres • 3 libraries Government Services ' Library ' Electric Services ' Water/Wastewater Utilities Parks & Recreation Planning & D Fire Solid Waste 'Transportation Economic Develo Water/Wastewater Utilities Includes: 'Water Operations' Wastewater ' Drainage' Streets 'Traffic/Street Lighting'EngineerFng Planning & Development Encludes: ' Building Inspection'Code Enforcement 'Cornmunity D • Planning 'Gas WeII Inspection • 7 fire stations • 1 police station • 6,998 street lights • 1,249 lane miles of streets • 565 miles of water mains • 501 miles of wastewater mains • 6.8 billion gallons of water production Solid Waste Includes: Landfill A W = W W W >Residential• Solid waste and electric service • 1,405 full-time equivalent employees To achieve the built environment envisioned by the community, the City must be proactive in the design of new development to ensure the fiscaE sustainability of new growth. For example, the development pattern proposed by the Preferred Growth Concept results in some capital savings as a result of a decrease in vehicle trips as density increases. Given the location of proposed residential development in the Preferred Growth Concept, the City can maximize the use of already developed City and Community parks, therefore necessitating fewer new acres than would be required to maintain the LOS to serve the current growth pattern 3.8 Integrate land use and infrastructure investment decisions to maximize utilization of existing infrastructure. 3.8.1 3.8.2 3.8.3 Explore adequate public facilities and green infrastructure requirements in coordination with land use policies and open space conservation. ( Implement the Mobility Plan to improve multi-modal circulation, such as more bike lanes and greater walkability, as an alternative to increasingly costly auto-oriented capital investments. Implement the pedestrian and bicycle linkage component of the Denton Mobility Plan to lessen the impact of urban center development on existing street facilities 3-20 Fiscal and Economic Vitality Fiscal and Economic Vitality and to increase access to existing park and recreational facilities with capacity to serve new growth. 3.8.4 3.8.5 Use Comprehensive Plan to inform the City’s CIP and other infrastructure master plans regarding adequate levels of service. Encourage more dense development where water/sewer infrastructure has existing excess capacity, and define what level of development can be served by septic and well infrastructure Infrastructure Investment – Planning and Financing: The continual need to improve the roadway network remains a capital issue and the City needs to work with all internal departments, regional partners, and private parties to identify the most cost- effective balance of system expansions and maintenance. For example, the Denton Mobility Plan, updated in 2022, identifies opportunities to create "complete streets” concepts that if implemented, through the Capital Improvement Program, can extend the life of existing transportation infrastructure by providing alternative circulation options to both existing and new development. The desired development pattern will not design away the automobile, but rather provide an alternative for short distance trips. A focus on multi-modal infrastructure and Context Sensitive Solutions will reduce demand for the construction of new lane miles, add more and wider sidewalks, and use landscaping, roadway marking, textured crosswalks, and dedicated bike lanes to calm traffic, Planning for multi-modal and Context Sensitive street design in defined districts will complement the distinctive character of the neighborhood while providing easy connections to other areas of the city. The City must work with developers to secure necessary rights-of-way and to construct portions of the network through all new development according to these standards The City is severely constrained as to the amount of revenue available for support of capital improvements needed to serve new development. The City’s primary funding source for capital infrastructure is General Obligation bonds, which are financed over a period of 20 years, and paid back through property tax revenues. The only other sizable source of funding for infrastructure needs is the dedication of franchise fees revenue to the Street Improvements Fund. However. these funds go to maintenance services necessary to provide a safe and reliable existing transportation system. Because the current revenue sources available to the City to fund capital improvements to serve new development are so limited, the City should continue to consider and move forward with alternative financing sources such as impact fees for growth-related infrastructure, particularly for roads, new facilities, and parks and recreation, 3.9 Update the Capital Improvement Plan (CIP) annually to prioritize the implementation of the Comprehensive Plan. 3.9.1 Evaluate existing levels of service for all capital infrastructure to identify existing deficiencies and excess capacities. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 3-21 3.9.2 3.9.3 Maintain public facilities and services to provide established levels of service to new development, Implement the policies and actions of the Mobility Plan to transition to a multi- modal transportation network as a means to balance demands on existing infrastructure and extend the life of transportation infrastructure. 3.9.4 Develop, fund, and implement the annual CIP consistent with the Parks, Recreation and Trail System Master Plan 3.9.5 3.9.6 3.9.7 Use the CIP to prioritize and fund capital expansions necessary to accommodate the preferred development pattern, including Context Sensitive street design Engage a Bond Committee in the annual CIP update process Explore the feasibility of conducting a robust community outreach and engagement program to promote establishing or increasing impact fees for needed public services and infrastructure. including roads, public safety enhancements, parks and recreation facilities, and libraries 3.9.8 Utilize the Comprehensive Plan to determine which improvements should take priority in the CIP. Future Fiscal Impact Analyses: The Comprehensive Plan emphasizes the community benefits achieved from re-investment, revitalization, and redevelopment of key corridors and centers, There are structural entities available to help manage implementation of the City’s vision of a vibrant developed core, including special taxing districts, development corporations, and authorities). However, there are important financial implications to each type of implementation mechanism. Future fiscal impact analyses would assist the City in understanding the fiscal implications of creating any new entity, and of development in a designated focus area of the City. The City should utilize the fiscal impact tool for development reviews and land use decisions. 3.10 Utilize fiscal tools that incentivize development whiEe offsetting its cost to the community. 3.10.1 Establish procedures for conducting fiscal and economic impact analyses to evaluate the potential short and long-term impacts of future annexations, zoning decisions. and other land use decisions. 3.10.2 Conduct fiscal and economic impact analyses to ensure the fiscal benefit or neutrality of future tax abatement agreements and special districts. 3.10.3 Use the benefits of economic incentives to direct continued investments at the Denton Enterprise Airport and surrounding industrial district 3-22 Fiscal and Economic Vitality Fiscal and Economic Vitality Infill Development/Redevelopment: Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan highlights the community's desire to encourage infill development and redevelopment as a means to slow outward growth, create vibrancy in commercial districts, and reinvest in and stabilize certain districts and neighborhoods. These goals are first and foremost a matter of land use, but elements pertaining to infill are discussed throughout the Plan. With respect to fiscal impacts, infill development takes advantage of existing public infrastructure like parks, streets, water, and utilities by focusing growth in vacant or underutilized property that already has access to public services and infrastructure and so requires less investment. Properly designed infill and redevelopment projects restore continuity to neighborhoods and typically increase property values of adjacent properties and surrounding neighborhoods 3.11 Review and adopt land use regulations to support infill development and redevelopment efforts in the developed core. 3.1 1 .1 3.11 .2 Reference the Comprehensive Plan fiscal impact analysis to demonstrate the fiscal impacts of development as prescribed by the Preferred Growth Concept Encourage high-quality infill development and redevelopment in potential development sites where infrastructure exists by updating the Development Code to allow flexibility in use and intensity of redevelopment 3.11 .3 Utilize the fiscal impact tool to review infill development and redevelopment projects and report findings in staff reports to City Council. Residential Diversity: The Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan update process confirmed a desire for greater intensity of development in identified areas with the capacity to absorb such growth. The Comprehensive Plan presents strategies to introduce a more diverse mix of land uses, which may balance revenue sources, and demands on necessary public services. For example, encouraging smaller residential units built closer to existing services and amenities lessens the need for costly capital expansion, and provides a better array of housing options for the growing workforce. Increasingly the workforce is looking for smaller units in live/work/play districts providing direct access to the cultural amenities of vibrant communities The existing housing stock of Denton is dominated by single-family units and aging multi-unit structures. With two growing universities and a college, Denton’s housing stock must accommodate a young and mobile population with affordable housing options. Increased residential diversity, as discussed in the Housing and Neighborhoods Element, will increase residential densities where appropriate to increase neighborhood vibrancy. Residential policies seek to increase residential variety and market range by encouraging development of smaller single-family houses and townhomes, and residential areas in mixed-use structures. Based on a sample of residential development in the last decade, the housing stock is already improving. As Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 3-23 the Comprehensive Plan vision materializes, and the development pattern evolves to be more compact with multi-modal circulation options and live/work/play diversity, the FIA assumes market and assessed values of new development will increase over existing values. The City must actively collaborate and partner with developers to provide market feasible projects that offer the range of housing, workspace, and community options desired by the community and workforce, while ensuring at least fiscal neutrality. 3.12 Encourage more dense development to increase market feasibility and create vibrancy. 3.1 2.1 3.12.2 Reference the Comprehensive Plan fiscal impact analysis and the 2021 Affordable Housing Need & Market Value Analysis to define and direct a residential development pattern that is at least fiscally neutral. Work with developers to increase the stock of owner-occupied smaller residential unIts 3.12.3 Make multi-modal infrastructure investments to lessen the need for parking facilities and auto-centric circulation improvements. 3.1 2.4 Use existing and new public facilities such as parks, schooEs, and libraries as neighborhood anchors and activity centers Development Partnerships and Coordination: The Land Use Element describes how the community could develop over the course of build-out, which is not expected for several decades, The Land Use Element describes potential increases in allowable development densities as reflected in the Preferred Growth Concept, and the land use districts identified in the FLUM. The Preferred Growth Concept seeks to use areas of Denton with the infrastructure capacity to absorb additional development to support increased density, potentially creating a more fiscally balanced or profitable land use mixture. Given the revenue structure and capital demands of land uses in the City, the best means to maintain fiscal sustainability is to diversify and intensify the developed core. The Preferred Growth Concept and FLUM seek to maximize the use of available land in such a way as to efficiently use non-revenue generating land uses including federal, state, county, school district, city facilities. and social and community service organizations. Even though these land uses do not produce property taxes, these important entities and land uses serve the Denton citizenry, and play an important role in the community and in the economy. It is important that new development integrates with the existing community fabric, while helping to balance the fiscal impacts of all development. The Comprehensive Plan identifies strategies to improve coordination with other governmental entities with a physical presence in the city, and/or with authority to affect change in the City. 3-24 Fiscal and Economic Vitality Fiscal and Economic Vitality 3.1 3 Improve partnerships and collaboration with other governmental entities to implement the goals of the Comprehensive Plan. 3.13.1 Ensure maximum efficiencies of all government facilities to minimize the use of land by non-revenue generating development 3.13.2 Require that plans for new park facilities are coordinated with planning for other government facilities, and vice versa, Identify opportunities for clustering multiple public facilities together with parks and recreation facilities, including libraries, fire stations, and school sites GOAL FEV-6: Ensure that new development pays its fair and proportionate share of the cost to maintain current levels of services such as public safety, parks and recreation, streets and utilities Policies and Actions Standards for Future Development: A primary goal of the Comprehensive Plan is to increase the standard and quality of future development throughout the city. While much of this depends on the role of the public sector and investment in public facilities, a great deal is influenced by private development. The character of private development is overseen by the development regulations and design review process within the City. In order to ensure that development meets the standards envisioned, the necessary zoning requirements and transportation criteria manuals must be updated to require the provision of facilities that support complete streets, multi-modal transportation, and public realm enhancements, Through this mechanism, developers will help contribute to necessary pubtic service investments 3.14 Work with developers to share the cost of necessary public service investments. 3.14.1 Establish multi-modal requirements for all new development to increase the share of pedestrian, bicycle, and transit infrastructure over personal automobile infrastructure 3.14.2 Partner with developers to adopt regulations that implement streetscape design features like minimal curb cuts, buffered on-street parking, larger sidewalks with bump-outs, and on-street striping of bicycle lanes and cross-walks, to create vibrant and safe development districts. 3.14.3 Partner with developers to adopt regulations that secure parks and open space in all new residential and commercial centers to ensure adequate green space and multi-modal connections between developments. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 3-25 a\/ AbA Impact Fees: Development impact fees are a land use regulation mechanism that allow municipalities to require developers make a one-time, per-development payment to fund the system improvements needed to maintain current levels of service. Impact fees are the tool used to ensure that a new development pays its fair share of capital facility needs. Currently, Denton has an impact fee for water and wastewater facilities, parks, and roadways, Other impact fees such as a stormwater fee should be implemented. The Comprehensive Plan recommends consideration of future impact fees 3.15 Establish dedicated revenues to fund necessary expansions of capital infrastructure to accommodate growth. 3.1 5.1 Complete and implement a Stormwater impact fee. 3.1 5.2 3.1 5.3 Explore the feasibility of establishing additional or more comprehensive impact fees for necessary public services including public safety, parks and recreation, libraries, and general government. Analyze the performance of impact fees, and if necessary, revise the impact feeds to ensure that they are designed to incentivize compact growth and disincentivize sprawl 3-26 Fiscal and Economic Vitality hNdiU Af Ui,bYNg: 4 1 Community Character & Urban Design Community Character and Urban Design Overview Denton’s unique community character is what sets it apart from neighboring communities. Denton prides itself on its iconic courthouse and Square, its welcoming and walkable Downtown core, its historic areas with turn-of-the-century estates, its diverse neighborhoods, and its funky, artsy culture in areas such as Fry Street and its arts and entertainment scene. Due to its history, location, and the influence of its universities, together with an artistic, musical. and entrepreneurial culture, Denton has become a destination within the DFW Metroplex and Texas for those in search of an authentic, diverse, affordable, and livable place. Denton also is home to many special events and cultural draws that attract thousands to visit the city, providing a thriving economic engine Additionally, Denton is surrounded by a scenic rural setting and natural environment that speaks to the early days of North Texas, where agriculture and access to natural springs gave rise to the communities of today. This mix of elements provides the setting that makes Denton a unique place and is important to both retain and celebrate as Denton grows and moves forward into the next generation. As future development comes to Denton, it must be sensitive, adapting to the context of the community. Simultaneously, it must incorporate into new development the elements that will contribute to memorable places in the future, providing places for community gathering and future landmarks In addition, it must identify opportunities for redevelopment that will revitalize the economic strength of the community, while maintaining those areas that are important to Denton’s past and the character of its people. The Community Character and Urban Design Element has been developed to implement the long- range vision of the community with respect to identifying, preserving, maintaining, and creating character areas in the city. The intentions of the policies within this Element are to further the aspirations of the community articulated in the Community Vision Statement. Policies and actions apply to all development within Denton and its urbanizing area, as well as any future programming that the City of Denton may undertake as a result of the implementation of the Comprehensive Plan. The public participation efforts of the 2040 Plan reconfirmed the focus of building community character and urban design for the City of Denton Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 4-1 a\A 1/baI *;HM – IFA The policies of this Element will work in conjunction with all other Elements of the Plan focusing on • Identifying and preserving distinctive neighborhoods, places, and historic resources in the city in order to celebrate their presence and ensure their long-term protection; • Promoting the character of Denton through expanded arts and culture programs and opportunities for placemaking and community interaction; • Encouraging high quality development that wiIE respect and enhance the character and prideof Denton • Preservation of open space and use of native trees and vegetation for beautification Community Character and Urban Design in the Community Vision Statement The Character of Denton • Denton is authentic. Our small-town charm and, North Texas heritage are proudly embraced along with positive change, smart and balanced growth, and high-quality development. • Denton is fertile territory for creativity and innovation in our vibrant music and arts scene,technology, business, and education. People, Institutions, and Government • We cherish our artists and musicians and celebrate our community in local events and festivals that reflect the uniqueness of the community. • The City of Denton’s institutions of higher learning, UNT and TWU, are partners with government, civic organizations, and local employers in initiatives to foster creativity in the arts, innovation, a strong economy, lifelong learning, and the retention of the best and brightest The Strength of Our Economy • We market our Denton -brand-, our unique, creative atmosphere and small-town quality of life, which attracts a highly educated and motivated workforce and gives Denton a competitive advantage in attracting new investment, entities, and well-paying jobs Sound Growth: Strengthening Our Form and Function Throughout Denton we see... • Managed, balanced, and sustainable growth in high-quality, livable urban, suburban, and rural places which offer diverse choices among neighborhood settings while respecting private property rights. 4-2 Community Character & Urban Design Community Character & Urban Design In the core of Denton we see... • A vibrant Downtown Denton, energized with new housing, shopping, arts, and entertainment, supporting day and nighttime activity and a true urban lifestyle – Dentonstyle • Established neighborhoods where revitalization and compatible infill development contributes to neighborhoods’ stability, livability, and historic character, and fosters neighborhood pride and homeownership Character Areas in Denton Distinctive Places in Denton There are a number of vibrant centers, cultural and shopping destinations, thriving universities and medical centers, as well as renowned entertainment events throughout Denton that contribute to the character of the city. These aspects of urban life add value to Denton’s sense of place and contribute to the quality of life enjoyed by residents. As Denton grows and matures, protecting and enhancing these important areas, as well as encouraging future development that will contribute to urban vitality, creating memorable places, is essential to the continuation of its unique identity. This includes maintaining the strength of Denton’s universities and medical centers and establishing focus areas for their continued expansion sensitive to surrounding uses. Distinctive places can take a number of forms. Any well-known area, landmark, or neighborhood can constitute as a distinctive place or character area. In many instances, these are associated with historic areas, but do not have to be. Some character areas that were identified in the planning process include: Downtown Denton, the Denton County Courthouse, the Civic Center area, the Oak-Hickory Historic District, West Oak Historic District, Bell Avenue Historic District, UNT and TWU, the Morrison's Corn-Kits building in Southeast Denton, Unicorn Lake, Robson Ranch, Rayzor Ranch, Denton Enterprise Airport, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Denton, Medical City Denton, and MedPark Station, Golden Triangle MaII, and multiple established residential neighborhoods. Character areas are neighborhoods, districts, or destinations which have distinct characteristics which can be found throughout the area, These characteristics could include related land uses, architecture, historic qualities, master plans or area plans Identifying character areas is important because it helps pinpoint the areas that make Denton the community it is today and aids in understanding how to make memorable and enduring places for the future. The Comprehensive Plan recommends several actions that will help identify and understand the key distinctive places in the city. Historic Resources Historic resources are beloved features of the City of Denton, prized by the community, and key elements in Denton’s sense of place. The continuation of the identification, designation, restoration. and preservation of unique and distinctive cultural, historical, and architectural features of Denton remains a priority as Denton grows Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 4-3 \rv 4114+ H& Denton has a multitude of historic resources that are acknowledged by three mechanisms: the National Register of Historic Places, the State Register, and the local register. The Denton County Courthouse and the Denton County Courthouse Square Historic District are both on the National Register of Historic Places. The Denton County Courthouse Square Historic District is bounded by Pecan, Austin, Walnut and Cedar Streets. The Gregory Road Bridge at Clear Creek, the Fairhaven Retirement Home, and 1 9th Century Pottery Kilns of Denton County are also on the National Register. At the state level, the Texas Historical Commission holds several historic inventories Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks, State Antiquities Landmarks, and Historic Texas Cemeteries The Texas Historical Commission awards Recorded Texas Historic Landmark designation to buildings at least 50 years old that are judged worthy of preservation for their architectural character and/or historical associations. Listing in the National Register is a prerequisite for State Antiquities Landmark designation of a building or structure. Denton contains several of these designations throughout the city and surrounding county Denton contains three historic districts and encourages the creation of conservation districts Historic districts are areas in which historic buildings and their settings are protected by law and a public review process, designed to protect the most significant buildings and districts in the city. Inclusion in a historic district signifies that a property contributes to an ensemble that is worth protecting by virtue of its historic importance or architectural integrity. Conservation districts are areas containing groups of buildings that are together architecturally and historically distinctive. The establishment of a conservation district recognizes the design and architectural qualities of key neighborhoods and encourages their protection and maintenance for the benefit of the entire city. Guidelines for a conservation district are less stringent than those for a historic district Denton’s three neighborhoods that receive historic and design protection are the Oak-Hickory Historic District, the West Oak Area Historic District, and the Bell Avenue Historic District. While these districts are successful, development pressure adjacent to Downtown and the universities continues to threaten historic resources in Downtown and established residential neighborhoods There are many other historic buildings and neighborhoods that have historic character and integrity in the city. In order to ensure that these resources are protected for the future, additional inventories and protection are required and recommended as outlined in the City of Denton adopted 2019 Historic Preservation Plan Denton Main Street Program Downtown. one of Denton’s prized historic resources and distinctive places, is protected and enhanced through the work of the Denton Main Street Program. The Main Street Program is a worldwide program to revitalize downtown areas. The Denton Main Street Program began in 1 989. building from the model of the worldwide program, and since that time, there has been noticeable physical and financial improvements in the area, as well as accolades. Denton received designation as a Texas Historical Commission Outstanding Urban Main Street City in 1 989 and received the National Trust for Historic Preservation Great American Main Street Award in 1999 4-4 Community Character & Urban Design Community Character & Urban Design The Denton Main Street Association (DMSA) was established as a 501 (c)(6) non-profit organization to lead the program, Denton’s Economic Development Partnership (DEDP) works in cooperation with the DMSA, with promotion, advertising and events for Downtown funded by the private sector through sponsorships and DMSA memberships. Denton’s Main Street Program was made possible through the Texas legislature-allocated funding for an Urban Main Street Program, making it possible for cities with populations of more than 50,000 to participate in the State program. Since 1989, DMSA membership has increased over 400 percent, demonstrating broad- based community support. Additionally, the DEDP has a Downtown Task Force subcommittee, whose primary role is to further the development goals of Downtown as a whole The Denton Main Street Program works to preserve and market the Downtown, focusing on historic preservation, continuing reinvestment, and developing heritage tourism–or tourism oriented towards the cultural heritage of a location. The DMSA also maintains an online inventory of destinations and events in Downtown Denton. The preservation and celebration of Downtown through the DMSA is a key element of the identification of the historic character of Denton GOAL CC-1: Identify Character: Protect Denton’s historic character areas through thoughtful preservation and integration of new development Policies and Actions Identification of Historic Resources: Identifying Denton's historic districts, landmarks, and character areas is an important step in continuing to ensure the longevity of the city’s personality and the strength of its economy. Protection of existing residential neighborhoods and commercial corridors, and the promotion of historic elements throughout the city will also be furthered by the policies and actions of this Element, the Land Use Element, and the Housing and Neighborhoods Element. Historic resources may be preserved by creating additional historic districts and conservation districts, as well as providing additional programing for preserving supplementary structures within the cornrnunity. Historic districts are adopted into the Denton Development Code as overlay districts, intended to protect, and maintain architectural character and scale intact. The expansion of historic resources inventorying is a key component of the Comprehensive Plan. 4.1 Expand Denton’s evaluation of historic landmarks, districts, neighborhoods, and cultural resources by utilizing the 201 9 Historic Preservation Plan. 4.1.1 Continue updating the Historic Resources Survey to identify potentially historic resources for possible zoning protection. 4.1.2 Identify and recommend areas within the city limits that qualify for historic districts based on distinctive character, and intact scale and architectural Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 4-5 U I/ANMJ -;dAI –IFA character. Historic districts will receive appropriate zoning classification to enforce and ensure preservation of structures within the district 4.1 .3 Identify and recommend areas within the city limits that qualify for conservation district designation to protect distinctive character and the area's scale andarchitectural character. 4.1 .4 Work with community and neighborhood groups to identify areas that have significant community support for the formation of historic and conservation districts, or strong identification of cultural or neighborhood character to aid in development of Area Plans or local protection. Placemaking and Urban Vitality in Denton: Placemaking is a key element of implementing Comprehensive Plan in terms of harnessing and celebrating Denton’s sense of place. Placemaking is oftentimes associated with the design of public gathering places, with particular attention to the ways that the community values and uses public spaces. Placemaking also refers to creating or highlighting unique places that already exist in an urban area to enhance the appreciation and encourage use of a space, district, or neighborhood. In this way, understanding buildings and key areas as discernible landmarks in the city will help foster community pride and identity, and continue to put Denton on the map for tourism, events, and as a place where people choose to live and work, or a community of choice In addition to creating and maintaining these places, the Denton community also wishes to infuse 'urban vitality” throughout. This means that the places and spaces throughout Denton, no matter the size, are filled with people, around the clock and throughout the week, enjoying and taking pride in the city, and sharing with fellow community members. This sense of community already exists in Denton and is an ambiance that residents want to sustain and enhance into the future. Denton has an incredible wealth of cultural draws and special events that contribute to local character. The goal of the City in the coming years in regards to placemaking and urban vitality will be to harness this energy to enhance the built environment and create new centers of development, reflecting Denton's unique culture and diversity. A key implementation measure to achieve a coordinated approach to this strategy is the creation of a Citywide Branding and Placemaking Strategy. This will identify the key areas that are important within Denton and provide a coordinated program to link them together. Identifying gateways, or those areas influencing first impressions of Denton, is especially important to highlight and enhance to welcome visitors to the CIty During the Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan update process. community members identified locations in the city that were suitable to mark Denton’s character through gateways, or provide a welcome, in the form of signage or public art. Several themes to be incorporated into these elements included: "art," "music,” "open space," and "native vegetation". Community members believed these themes captured the character of Denton and could be used to enhance the 4-6 Community Character & Urban Design Community Character & Urban Design physical environment, The identification of gateways and branding stations was also done during the previous update process and previous work of the Denton Plan Ambassador. Gateways and Branding Stations could be further studied by working with the community and stakehoEders in the formation of a Citywide Branding and Placemaking Strategy. Potential Gateways and Branding Stations are illustrated on Figure 4.1 and listed below: Gateways; • 1-35 and Highway 77 • 1-35E at Shady Shores Road • East University (U.S. 380) at Lake Lewisville • West University (U.S. 380) at Nail Road • Robson Ranch Road at 1-35W • Fort Worth Drive (U.S. 377) at Hickory Creek • Sherman Drive (FM 428) at Warschun Road Branding StatIons: a Denton Center (University Drive/ U.S. 380 and Carroll Boulevard) • Denton Enterprise Airport (Airport Road) • 1-35E at Loop 288 • Intersection of 1-35W and potential Loop 288 extension • 1-35 at University Drive (U.S. 380) • University Drive (U,S. 380) and Mayhill Road Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 4-7 FIGURE 4.1: Focus Areas Concept S 1 B) 377 • B + abRian@ II BmF,ding Stab,n [] Munidpl BoundarIes City of Denton[] ETJ Source: City of Denton :' 'I Center Foals Area ingle Corridor Focus Area Gateway Foals Area Travel Center Focus Area 4-8 Community Character & Urban Design Community Character & Urban Design Placemaking and urban vitality will further be aided by coordination with plans that will augment the public realm and create networks within the city, such as the Pedestrian and Bicycle Linkage component of the Mobility Plan and coordination with Denton County Transportation Authority (DCTA), which will be crucial not only for providing access throughout the city, but for helping to promote the Denton brand. The creation of complete neighborhoods and centers, and the opportunity for creating places for community gathering therein, will also contribute to enhancing Denton’s identity now and in the future. 4.2 Identify the unique areas, including gathering and green open space areas, within the city that highlight Denton’s sense of place and urban vitality. 4.2.1 Partner and collaborate with the community and stakeholders to prepare a Citywide Branding and Placemaking Strategy that identifies gateways and branding stations and links together existing character areas and provides neighborhood recognition through a wayfinding program by using a combination of environmental graphics, print materials, and web-based information, Coordinate with mobility planning so that motorists, bicyclists, pedestrians, and transit users can easily locate destinations throughout Denton. 4.2.2 Map historic and cultural resources as part of the Citywide Branding and Placemaking Strategy to highlight their role in understanding and appreciating Denton. 4.2.3 4.2.4 Further the policies of the Pedestrian and Bicycle Linkage Component of the 2020 Mobility Plan by ensuring that existing and future urban centers in Denton are accessible via walking and bicycling Work with DCTA and other transit-oriented organizations to further the expansion of transit links throughout Denton and to ensure that existing and future urban centers in Denton are accessible via transit 4.2.5 Encourage mixed-use development through zoning and land use regulations that create complete neighborhoods and centers, including ground floor, walkable retail, recreational gathering areas, and places where Denton residents can live, work, play, and shop all in one location 4.2.6 Establish standards for gateways and as part of future development to highlight community points of entry and promote the Denton brand and its quality of life: • • Gateways should provide a sense of transition arrival and should be designed to make a strong and positive visual impact. Greenways and other open space gathering areas should be provided where possible. Gateways should employ special design treatments for identified gateways as public realm and public art pieces, Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 4-9 • Gateways should be uniquely Denton, drawing upon historic features, precedent, and community character. • Gateway design should be highlighted in the Citywide Branding and Placernaking Strategy • Utilize gateways to market the city as a community of choice and as a tool for economic development and to encourage business attraction. 4.2.7 4.2.8 Establish standards for branding stations as part of Citywide Branding and Placemaking Strategy and coordinate with overall marketing strategy administered by the Public Information Office of Denton. Create a web-based mechanism for community members to present new ideas for celebrating Denton's sense of place or developing new community-driven projects by providing a streamlined and transparent crowdsourcing process to propose projects to the City, Preservation and Maintenance The preservation of historic resources is a top priority for the Denton community. Historic resources are recognized on three levels–the National Register of Historic Places, the State Register, and the local register–however only one provides true protection: the local register. The National Register designation enables these properties to be eligible for tax credits, but does not provide any direct protection of the properties unless they undergo alterations using federal funds, at which time they must adhere to standards; otherwise, the standards serve as a guideline, On the state level, State Antiquities Landmarks and Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks have legal protection. Protection from demolition comes from the local code. Therefore, action on the local level is the most important for actively preserving resources, in the form of landmarks and historic districts. Conservation districts, while important for recognizing character, do not offer significant architectural protections Locally, historic preservation is overseen by the Historic Landmark Commission. The Historic Landmark Commission recommends to the Planning & Zoning Commission and City Council those buildings, structures, sites, districts, and areas in the city that the Commission has determined should be preserved and designated as historic landmarks The Commission, along with City staff, regulates design review for designated National, State and local properties as well as local historic districts. Any exterior or hardscape modifications that are visible from the public right-of-way to structures located in any of these local historic districts or are designated National, State or local landmarks require a Certificate of Appropriateness (COA). The Historic Preservation Officer may administratively approve a COA for work that is considered ordinary maintenance or minor alteration. All other COAs are processed and heard through a public hearing process with the Historic Landmark Commission. 4-1 0 Community Character & Urban Design Community Character & Urban Design In addition to providing just protection, or "sticks," a successful preservation strategy must also include incentives or "carrots,” to encourage preservation or reuse of historic structures and areas. Financial incentives such as tax credits, faQade improvement grants, and property tax abatements in the form of Tax Increment Financing Districts (TIFs) are several options to achieving this goal Maintenance of historic resources and other properties is also a concern of the community and especially City of Denton decision-makers, including City Council. Property maintenance is important because it affects the outward appearance of the city and reflects on the community and its identity. Maintenance standards for the City are currently contained in the Property Maintenance Code, updated in 2010, and are jointly handled by the City and individual property owners. Maintaining a pleasant physical environment throughout the city is the responsibility of the entire city and should be addressed in the action of the Comprehensive Plan for long-term implementation. GOAL CC-2: Preserve and maintain the unique character of Denton for long-term sustainment of community character Polices and Actions Preservation of Historic Resources: Protecting Denton's historic districts, landmarks, and character areas is essential to ensuring the longevity of the city's character and the strength of its economy. Therefore, continued protection and enhancement of historic and cultural resources is a key component of the Comprehensive Plan. Protection of existing neighborhoods and the promotion of historic elements throughout the city will also be furthered by the policies and actions of the Land Use Element, as well as the Housing and Neighborhoods Element. Historic resources can be preserved by adopting additional historic districts, landmarks, and conservation districts as well as providing additional programs for preserving additional structures within the community that perhaps do not meet current in- place standards. Historic resource protection should be evaluated as part of other plan implementation actions, as noted herein. In addition to the need to preserve historic districts, policies and tools to ensure compatible infill development are needed to protect the character and scale of neighborhoods which do not quality for historic district designations. Where present zoning may not ensure compatible infill development, neighborhood stabilization overlay districts may apply. These zoning overlays would modify underlying zoning requirements for such factors as front and side setbacks, garage placement and building height. 4.3 Actively preserve and maintain Denton’s existing and future identified historic resources in conformance with the goals and policies in the 2019 Historic Preservation Plan. 4.3.1 Implement recommendations for historic landmark, historic district, and conservation districts per updated historic resources survey to ensure consistent protectIon Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 4-1 1 4.3.2 4.3.3 Encourage voluntary landmark and historic district designation as a vehicle to protect sites with historical and architectural significance. Update the Downtown Master Plan and the Downtown Implementation Plan to incorporate historic resource preservation within the Downtown area and ensure that the character, aesthetic, and scale of Downtown are maintained 4.3.4 4.3.5 Coordinate preservation regulations to be consistent with the Arts and Entertainment Overlay District and the 2019 Historic Preservation Plan Coordinate preservation regulations to be consistent with expansion plans for local educational institutions. 4.3.6 4.3.7 Work with private landowners with historic sites to ensure public access to and preservation of the sites according to applicable standards. Establish partnerships among private interests to support historic preservation in Denton 4.3.8 Encourage adaptive reuse of historic structures to ensure their long-term preservation, while allowing for repurposing and economic diversity. Financial Incentives: As preservation of existing buildings can be financially challenging, many communities have successfully encouraged adaptive reuse of historic buildings and historically-sensitive upgrading of residential structures by providing local incentives. At present, many of the historic regulations in Denton are characterized as protection, rather than incentives. Providing robust local programs that provide financial incentives to property owners will help to encourage preservation of historic resources and character. 4.4 Provide local financial incentives for historic preservation in Denton. 4.4.1 Utilize the 2019 Historic Preservation Plan to assist in identifying property owners of designated individual sites or sites within historic or conservation districts that may receive an incentive in the form of a 50 percent exemption from City taxes for 15 years. 4.4.2 Continue to coordinate with the Denton Main Street Association (DMSA) to provide and enable funding of district-wide improvements and incentives, such as faQade improvement grants, to encourage preservation. Expand reach of DMSA beyond existing boundaries if feasible. 4.4.3 Coordinate with other financial incentives that may support historic resource preservation such as the Downtown TIRZ. 4-1 2 Community Character & Urban Design Community Character & Urban Design 4.4.4 Explore the creation of additional local incentives. tax credits, or grants to encourage the preservation and/or reuse of historic structures. Property Maintenance: An important element of maintaining community character is ensuring that the quality of the physical environment is enhanced and maintained. It is especially important for historic resources to be properly maintained, regardless of their ownership, so that they may last for posterity. The City must take a lead in setting standards for maintenance to ensure that Denton's physical appearance and long-term viability is held to the highest standards 4.5 Ensure proper and sustained maintenance of Denton’s historic resources, neighborhoods, and community centers. 4.5.1 Update the Property Maintenance Code every three to five years. 4.5.2 4.5.3 4.5.4 Establish a volunteer program through City Council action to support the maintenance of areas having historical or cultural significance. Continue an anti-graffiti program to be administered by the City to protect elements of the public and private realm from vandalism and detraction of character requiring that property owners abate graffiti Explore the creation of additional programs to encourage the maintenance of historic structures. Include opportunities to salvage and reuse historic structures and/or materials of historic structures that are no longer viable for their intendeduse Arts, Culture and Community Character A key feature of Denton’s character is its robust culture of visual and performing arts, entertainment, and its distinctive community that is unique within the Metroplex. Denton boasts an authentic, small-town charm and North Texas heritage supported by a community of artists and musicians, businesses and institutions, and friends and neighbors who appreciate the high quality of life available in the city and the opportunities for community interaction and celebration As Denton grows and develops, it is essential that this community character is retained, celebrated, expanded, and shared to encourage a widespread appreciation of its uniqueness and charm There are several mechanisms that are proposed to promote community character throughout the city, This includes a program for public art to celebrate the Denton community and provide opportunities for artists to share their work with the public. Public art also enhances the physical appearance and beautifies the city. Secondly, the already robust arts and music scene is a key mechanism for promoting and expanding community character. This includes providing additional spaces for both the visual and performing arts and events in the city, as well as promoting those Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 4-1 3 events more widely. so that the region at large is drawn to Denton to take advantage of these great assets, Denton’s historical charm also provides a regional draw to the city and is representative of community character. A comprehensive approach to heritage tourism is crucial for ensuring that the preservation of historic resources is linked to strategies for placemaking, community branding, and programs that bring people into Denton to live, work, and create. Finally, Denton’s unique brand and character can be highlighted locally through promoting its sense of place on a neighborhood and site scale by creating and highlighting areas for community gathering, Denton currently has several great community gathering places, such as the Downtown Square and Quakertown Park. Other potential types of community gathering places include city streets, parks, which may be public or privately managed, and plazas within private development. As Denton moves towards its future, it is essential to keep its character alive and well in each and every neighborhood, in commercial and institutional areas, and through the preservation of its built environment and the culture of its people, The policies and actions of the Comprehensive Plan will ensure that this goal is met. 4-14 Community Character & Urban Design Community Character & Urban Design GOAL CC-3: Promote Denton’s character through public art, arts and culture, heritage tourism, and places for community interaction Policies and Actions Public Art in Denton: Public art is an excellent tool for the promotion of community identity. Denton currently has a public art program that is overseen by the City Council-appointed Public Art Committee and the Parks and Recreation Department. Additionally, the City has a combination of public and private funding sources to fund public art. Per the 201 3 City Public Art Policy, a two percent allocation for art dedication is required as part of all Capital Improvement Projects and 2.4 percent of the Hotel Occupancy Tax (HaT) is allocated towards public art in the city. Tax abatements are aFso offered to developers that include publicly accessible art as a significant component of a development Private funding for public art is also pursued independently through the Parks and Recreation Department and through individuals and businesses. These fund dedications are important for the establishment of public art, however a coordinated effort is necessary to expand the program and highlight the character of Denton. A Public Art Master Plan is recommended in order to identify strategic locations and themes for the inclusion of public art. Such a plan would also ensure that public art was coordinated between organizations, and placed equitably throughout the city and in locations that would have the greatest amount of public benefit. 4.6 Promote a sense of urban vitality throughout Denton by providing opportunities for public art 4.6.1 4.6.2 Encourage the use of public art to highIIght neighborhood identity in Denton's existing and future neighborhoods through a Public Art Master Plan for Denton and include public arts as a component of all Area Plans Integrate public art into the planning and design for City and County-owned public facilities, parks and trails, and other publicly-funded projects and projects on City-owned land 4.6.3 Install art at suitable locations that including community gateways, branding stations, parks, key corridors, and other memorable places throughout Denton. 4.6.4 4.6.5 4.6.6 Create a program to investigate the temporary reuse of vacant and/or underutilized parcels and building facades for art exhibitions and murals. Create a partnership with local artists, through schools and institutions, to employ local artists in the creation of public art in Denton Partner and collaborate with DCTA, the Greater Denton Arts Council, and education communities to install public art at transit facilities and on the university campuses Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 4-1 5 4.6.7 4.6.8 4.6.9 Ensure that opportunities for public art are included in the Capital Improvement Plan (CIP) and revisited on an annual basis Evaluate opportunities for public art to be included as part of the 1-35 expansion and potential highway underpasses and overpasses Engage the community through a public involvement process to identify locations and designs for public art Arts and Music Venues: Denton is well-known for its performing and visual arts culture, and music scene, and its draw within the region for special events. Outside of major events, Denton could enhance its regional role as a place to go for entertainment on a year-round basis, however this needs to be planned to ensure that the appropriate regulations are in place to allow such development. Certain regulations need to be adjusted in some areas, such as signage standards, hours of operation, regulations for building design and renovation, and parking standards to allow for the types of arts and entertainment uses that are desired. To achieve this goal, the Texas Commission on the Arts designated a cultural arts district, Original Denton District, in addition, the DDC has a zoning overlay for The Denton Square, but an Arts and Entertainment Overlay District is also suggested for Downtown and related areas that are appropriate for this type of use. This overlay could include the modification of development regulations tailored to entertainment uses and establish design guidelines suited for entertainment use areas. or a by right allowance of these uses in a new zoning district. Additional studies, such as a Special Events Integrated Transportation Plan. and coordination with transit and public art programs, could further enhance the viability and functionality of arts and entertainment in Denton, contributing to its economic vitality and sense of pEace 4.7 Promote a sense of urban vitality throughout Denton by providing venues for performing and visual arts and music events. 4.7.1 4.7.2 Identify opportunities to incorporate arts and music venues in future development, including Downtown and in Regional Mixed-Use Centers, Study the viability of an Arts and Entertainment Overlay District to the full boundary of the Original Denton District with appropriate regulations for hours. lighting, and design, sensitive to surrounding uses 4.7.3 4.7.4 Explore the possibility of requiring a baseline percentage of ground-floor retail that should be occupied by tenants related to the arts and culture industry within the Downtown or a future Arts and Entertainment Overlay District Study where opportunities for arts and music venues, including an amphitheater, could be created in vacant or underutilized sites, adjacent to Downtown and the Downtown Denton Transit Centers, that can be supported by the A-train 4-1 6 Community Character & Urban Design Community Character & Urban Design 4.7.5 Work with the public arts programs to formally demarcate arts and music venues and event locations through permanent or temporary public art and public realm lrnprovernents. 4.7.6 Study the use of tax incentives and subsidies to attract arts and music organizations and private investors 4.7.7 Work with City departments, such as Parks and Recreation, to ensure that events do not overly burden City staff capacity and/or facilities 4.7.8 Create a Special Events Integrated Transportation Plan that studies opportunities for shared parking, transit, shuttles, and available parking facilities to accommodate local and regional travel to and from events and venues in Denton, without overly burdening Denton’s facilities and highlighting use of alternative transportation modes. 4.7.9 4.7.10 Create a program to temporarily rent areas to display art, including, but not limited to, sculptures in City facilities, on City property. and in local businesses and developments, such as art is storefronts and sculptures on loan. Identify opportunities to host performing arts events or block parties in publicly- owned areas including parks, streets, and public buildings. Arts and Music in the Economy: Denton’s rich offering of arts and music is a great contribution to the character. as well as the economy, of the city. It is important to retain this important economic base as development goes forward into the next generation. To this end, the City should work with key regional organizations, such as the Greater Denton Arts Council, to promote the arts and administer tools, such as tax abatements, for the establishment of arts-related business and developments. Additionally, partnership with local schools and institutions to support vocational programs and arts education will help keep artists in Denton and maintain the important impact that this community has on the city 4.8 Bolster the role of arts and music in Denton’s economy. 4.8.1 Partner with the Greater Denton Arts Council on all programs related to promoting arts in the community, 4.8.2 4.8.3 4.8.4 Create and enhance programs for arts education through local schools and institutions that will lead to local job growth. Conduct a study to understand the current and future economic development value of music and the visual and performing arts in Denton Administer tools, such as incentives, start-up loans, live-work dwellings, and art incubators, to encourage artists and musicians to live and work in Denton Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 4-1 7 4.8.5 Promote the arts and music through regional Convention and Visitors Bureaus, Chambers of Commerce, the universities and schools, and local promotion groups to highlight Denton’s role in arts and music in the DFW Metroplex for both visitors and residents 4.8.6 Encourage private funding for arts and music by reaching out to private sector organizations in Denton and the DFW Metroplex 4.8.7 4.8.8 4.8.9 Explore opportunities for donations and grants to assist art and music-related efforts and community festivals in Denton Partner and collaborate with local agencies and education institutions to coordinate art and music-related efforts and community festivals Coordinate City departments, such as Police, Fire, and Parks and Recreation, to ensure appropriate and feasible in-kind donations of services are offered to facilitate the development of live events and their associated economic and fiscal impacts for the city. Heritage Tourism: As noted previously, the Denton Main Street Program is a successful program in the city that currently focuses on preservation, revitalization, and promotion of the Downtown, Denton’s Main Street Program began in 1989 and has received broad community support. It is managed by the Denton Main Street Association (DMSA). In addition to its work to preserve and market the Downtown, focusing on historic preservation and reinvestment, DMSA also works to develop heritage tourism in the city. DMSA maintains an online inventory of destinations and events in Downtown Denton. The preservation and celebration of Downtown through the DMSA is a key element of the promotion of the historic character of Denton The historic character of Denton is one of the attributes that makes the city unique and contributes to its economic stature. This should be evaluated and made public so that it further encourages the preservation of historic resources and character and is integrated into plans to celebrate Denton's sense of place and urban vitality. To achieve this, policies and actions for historic preservation go beyond protection and suggest mechanisms for integrating historic resources into cultural tourism, creating centers of community, and contributing to placemakingand urban life. 4.9 Promote the historic identity of Denton as an economic asset and tourism potential. 4.9.1 Promote preservation as a means to increase economic, cultural, and educationa diversity within the community, 4-1 8 Community Character & Urban Design Community Character & Urban Design 4.9.2 Include the location of historic landmarks, historic districts, conservation districts, and a wayfinding pEan within the Citywide Branding and Placemaking Strategy as a mechanism for heritage tourism generation. 4.9.3 4.9.4 4.9.5 Incorporate historic elements into placemaking and community gathering spaces where landmarks exist Coordinate with the Denton Main Street Association, Chamber of Commerce and Discover Denton for promotion of heritage tourism. Partner and collaborate with local agencies and institutions to engage the community in education regarding the historic identity of Denton and the historicresources Denton has Community Gathering Places: Places for community gathering are a central element in ptacemaking and urban vitality and celebrate the essence of Denton and its community members. Examples of such spaces, which may be of public or private ownership, include parks of various sizes, plazas, and areas within the public right-of-way where people gather. With mixed-use land use designations and the significant amount of future development that will occur in the form of Regional, Community, and Neighborhood Mixed-Use Centers, a great opportunity exists to provide more places for community gathering in new development. In addition, as established neighborhoods and developed areas of the city are being studied for potential infill and redevelopment, opportunities for community input and the design of spaces that reflect existing neighborhood character and pride are available. Community involvement and the Parks and Recreation Department should be central to the design of community gathering spaces, which should be coordinated into the design process for future mixed-use and infill development. 4.10 Provide places for community gathering that serve as the expression of individual neighborhood diversity. and Denton's unique character throughout the city. 4.10.1 Conduct a study of existing community gathering spaces and their use, as well as their suitability for various activities and events throughout Denton and highlight these through Discover Denton and other economic development organizations 4.10.2 Enhance zoning requirements to include public community gathering space within mixed-use developments and centers. Establish regulations and procedures for the design, installation and maintenance of community gathering spaces, as well as regulations for noise and time of use for privately-owned and operated community gathering spaces, consistent with underlying and surrounding landuse 4.10.3 Engage with residents in adjacent neighborhoods to provide input into the design and function of community gathering spaces. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 4-1 9 MJ iN A+ H& 4.10.4 Create design standards for the creation and redesign of community gathering spaces in Denton in new and existing centers, Ensure that gathering spaces are accessible and defensible through Americans with Disabilities (ADA) compliant design and using Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) principles 4.10.5 Ensure that provision of shade, water fountains, appropriate lighting, and trash receptacles are provided in community gathering spaces where feasible. Urban Design and Community Character Urban design refers to the physical and visual character of the built environment, as well as the composite form and function of a city. It is among the most significant contributors to community character in the city. Urban design is increasingly important in a city like Denton that has a lot of growing room and a regulatory system that allows development to be almost entirely market- driven. The Comprehensive Plan calls for a framework for guiding and supporting development which makes it easy to do the "right thing" when it comes to creating new, enduring development while continuing to make Denton a desirable place to live, work, and play for the long-term. High-quality urban design is a fundamental requirement to attract long-term, high-quality investment and jobs. The quality of the physical environment and sense of urban vitality affects Denton's image and attractiveness to developers searching for high quality business and residential locations. The issue of urban design, including the design of streets and publicly-visible areas must be addressed rigorously if Denton is to achieve the quality of development that mostcitizens desire Denton’s development character is influenced by the Future Land Use policies, and urban design recommendations of the Comprehensive Plan as well as by the Denton Development Code (DDC), which was updated in 2019. The new DDC was drafted to implement the Denton Plan 2030 and has new zoning districts, overlays, and other standards to ensure better conformance with the community's vision. The DDC has the greatest impact on urban design in the community since it contains requirements that must be followed. Future land use designations provide guidance as to the nature of the land use, and the guidelines of the comprehensive plan provide general guidance as to the character of development. Regulations for density of residential land uses are also foundin the DDC In addition, regional plans have already established urban design frameworks for the planning of transit-oriented development (TOD) and mixed-use centers, such as Vision North Texas, prepared by the Urban Land Institute's North Texas District Council, North Central Texas Council of Governments (NCTCOG), and University of Texas at Arlington. This guidance is important for Denton to incorporate so that new development is not only consistent and coordinated with regional goals, but economically competitive with neighboring communities and contemporary development products. The guidelines for the development of mixed-use centers as directed by 4-20 Community Character & Urban Design Community Character & Urban Design Vision North Texas are illustrated in Table 4.2, shown later in this Element as guidance for the development of mixed-use centers The policies and actions that follow provide an overarching framework for an Urban Design Plan, which would provide land use and area-specific guidelines for future development, as well as opportunities to create Area Plans for key areas in the city that may include neighborhoods or areas ripe for future development or redevelopment, This mechanism allows for the creation of guidelines that are specific to each neighborhood and take into account a finer grain of character. Through these implementation actions, the type of quality development imagined for Denton’s future, to create areas of lasting character throughout the city, can be realized Urban Design Principles, contained in TabEe 4.1, provide guidelines that apply to all land uses GOAL CC-4: Create Character: Achieve exemplary urban design in future and existing development throughout Denton’s neighborhoods, centers, and land uses Policies and Actions Urban Design in Future Development Denton’s identity will be strengthened in the future by enhancing the aesthetic qualities of its built environment, public realm, and creating distinction among places and neighborhoods. The key to establishing superior urban design throughout Denton is through the creation of an Urban Design Plan for the city. The Comprehensive Plan provides overarching policies and actions intended to guide new development and land uses. A focused Urban Design Plan would provide specific design regulations that apply within the city. Such a plan would provide additional specificity on the design for centers and corridors that can be applied to Area Plans, Overlay Districts, and infil developments. The Plan would identify visually distinct areas and would include design guidelines for the public and private realm. Finally, the Plan would also unite overarching policy created by the NCTCOG and ensure that future development is consistent with regional direction and coordinated plans Key centers and corridors were established in the creation of the Preferred Growth Concept based on the location of important community identifiers, a concentration of employment or community hubs, or opportunities for densification, public realm improvements, and infill development. These areas were further refined in the updating of the Future Land Use Map (FLUM). Other focus areas include gateways, branding stations, and travel centers, which themselves are unique and thus require specific attention. Due to the differences among these focus areas, it is recommended that those that are a priority should be the subject of Area Plans to identify unique recommendations for land use, urban design, circulation and public realm improvements, as well as development programming, to represent the diversity of Denton’s neighborhoods. Following the preparation of the Area Plans, it may be appropriate to adopt corresponding Overlay Districts to apply particular development standards to key centers, corridors and infill areas that will be Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 4-21 /\MJ AnAI U& administered through the DDC. The guidelines of this Element will serve to create consistency and a foundation for the development of those specific regulations. All Focus Areas are illustrated on Figure 4.1 : Focus Areas Concept and discussed below. 4.11 Create new guiding policy to integrate urban design objectives with other planning mechanisms, such as land use, zoning and subdivision regulations, historic preservation, economic development, and environmental protection. 4.11.1 Prepare an Urban Design Plan for Denton that is consistent with revised future land use designations and urban design goals and that provides a citywide approach to visual quality and image. Incorporate policies from the Comprehensive Plan as the framework for this plan 4.11.2 Include urban design review early in the development review process. Ensure that City government will exert a leadership role in ensuring adherence to the principles of good urban design as essential for economic development. 4.11.3 Work with DCTA and other transit-oriented organizations to further the expansion of transit routes and stops throughout Denton, and for the creation of additional station area plans 4.12 Elevate community character in Denton by creating Area Plans for areas undergoing new development, in need of revitalization, and established neighborhoods. 4.12.1 Create Area Plans for established neighborhoods and future development areas to ensure adherence to urban design policy and preserve and enhance the character of distinct areas 4.12.2 Create Neighborhood/University Compatibility Area Area Plans to ensure that urban design principles are followed in development projects within those areas 4.12.3 Partner with and collaborate with the community in the formulation of Area Plans to ensure their reflection of neighborhood character and priorities in future development 4.12.4 Create a prioritization of centers, corridors, and other focus areas to streamline and direct the process of creating Area Plans. Prioritization should be based on ripeness of development potential, level of community support, existence of threatened historic resources, economic development catalysts, and other sensitive issues 4.12.5 Adopt Overlay Districts following the creation of Area Plans as needed to ensure that appropriate guidelines are followed 4-22 Community Character & Urban Design Community Character & Urban Design 4 Design of the Public Realm: The community’s development fabric is composed of two distinct, yet inter-related components the "public" realm and the "private" realm. The public realm consists primarily of the publicly- owned street rights-of-way and other publicly accessible open spaces such as parks, squares, plazas, courtyards, and alleys. The private realm consists of privately-owned areas, in large part developed with buildings and associated improvements, and is more limited in its accessibility to the public. The public realm plays a critical role in an area's character and function, serving overlapping roles, including circulation and access, development framework, public open space, and visual interest. The Urban Design Plan, updated DDC, and Area Plans will include recommendations and requirements for the public realm. In addition, coordinating with other regulating policy is important to ensure that urban design guidelines are consistent and also feasible, The updated Mobility Plan will put forward concepts for street design that promote Complete Streets and Context-sensitive Solutions, as well as connectivity recommendations for the pedestrian and bicycle network. This is very important for ensuring a public realm that is complementary to the elevated character of urban design that is envisioned through Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan. Additionally, the updated Parks, Recreation and Trails System Master Plan contains recommendations for the design of parks and trails, which are also an important component of the public realm. An update to this plan should include standards for the design of parks and open spaces consistent with the Urban Design Plan and the urban design principles of the Community Character and Urban Design Element. Coordination among these various policy documents is necessary for achieving a consistent approach to the design and maintenance of the public realm within the city. 4.13 Elevate the appearance of the public realm in Denton through high-quality urban design guidelines for the public rights-of-way and spaces. 4.13.1 Implement Complete Streets and Context-sensitive Solutions where applicable 4.13.2 4.13.3 Further the policies of the Pedestrian and Bicycle Linkage Component of the Mobility Plan to ensure that existing and future urban centers in Denton are accessible via walking and bicycling Implement citywide urban design guidelines for the public realm and design of recreational facilities structures 4.13.4 Ensure that trees and landscaping are included in all roadway standards and site design criteria to recognize their aesthetic and environmental contribution to the city and enhancement of the tree canopy. 4.13.5 Ensure that attractive and pedestrian-scaled street lighting is included in all roadway standards and site design criteria Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 4-23 4.14 Link Denton’s public realm together through a unified network of public spaces. 4.14.1 Provide a mechanism for coordination between the Parks, Recreation and Trails System Master Plan, the Mobility Plan, Urban Design Plan, and Area Plans to ensure that the design of the public realm creates a cohesive network of public spaces in Denton. 4.14.2 Ensure that new development addresses established pedestrian and bicycle networks and provides for additional connectivity to further encourage pedestrian and bicycle mobility, and other alternative transportation modes throughout Denton 4.14.3 Through partnership and collaboration with UNT and TWU, and the creation of Neighborhood/ University Compatibility Area Area Plans, encourage more community interaction with the universities and the City by linking physical access between these institutions and public property, Guidelines for Specific Future Land Use Designations: Creating the type of character in Denton that will complement the city and create the high-quality development is an important goal of the Comprehensive Plan. The Plan recommends the creation of several plans to further the goal of achieving high-quality design. In addition, the Comprehensive Plan includes recommendations to achieve desired character to guide all future planning Overarching guidelines for all development can be found in Table 4.1 : Urban Design Principles These principles provide guidance to achieve high quality design in the future, and as a foundation for preparing an Urban Design Plan. Further design guidelines may be prepared as part of Area Plans and incorporated as zoning overlay districts. The following policies and actions provide general guidance to achieve high-quality development throughout Denton based no future land use types. When applied generally, it is important to maintain flexibility in these recommendations to allow for a diversity of buiEding types and architectural styles, preserving the distinctive and diverse quality of Denton. 4.1 5 Establish Urban Design Principles to guide all future development in Denton. 4.15.1 Ensure that the Urban Design Plan incorporates goals from the Comprehensive Plan and the Mobility Plan 4.1 5.2 Incorporate Urban Design Principles into all future plans related to urban design, including the Urban Design Plan and Area Plans 4.16 Include additional guidelines for specific land uses, in addition to overarching Urban Design Principles (Table 4.1 ), to ensure desired community character is achieved with variations for use 4-24 Community Character & Urban Design Community Character & Urban Design 4.16.1 Employ the following guidelines in the design of new Rural Area land uses: • Development should be low in profile and use architectural design and materials that contribute to the preservation of rural character at the urban edge • Development should comply with policies for conservation development where approprIate. 4.16.2 Employ the following guidelines in the design of new Residential land uses: • Create architectural guidelines and requirements for single and multi-family residential areas to establish unity and distinctive architecture with respect to massing, facade details, materials, and roof pitch, although many variations would be possible, 4.16.3 Employ the following design principles in the design of new development in the Downtown Denton land use: • Street design and architectural standards created as part of the Downtown Implementation Plan (DTIP) and any updates to that plan preside in future development review within the Denton Central Business District • Development should echo and complement the historic character of Downtown, including materials, fenestration, scale, height, roof pitch, and street orientation, • Development should contribute to the energy and character of Downtown through encouraging development types that contribute to a vibrant, pedestrian rich district throughout the day 4.16.4 Employ the following design principles in the design of Regional, Community, and Neighborhood Mixed-use land uses • New mixed-use development should include buildings that are compatible with one another in size, scale and their relation to the street • Architectural guidelines may be required for mixed-use areas to establish unity with respect to massing, facade details, materials, and roof pitch, although many variations would be possible. These would be established through Area Plans •Use standards for mixed-use centers proposed by Vision North Texas 2050 as a basis for creating mixed-use developments, and in Area Plans. This will align the type of development occurring in Denton with standards for the region in order to maintain economic competitiveness and quality of development. (See Table 4,2) Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 4-25 Table 4.1 : Urban Design Principles The following principles are a guide for all future development in Denton, including new site development as well as infill and adaptive reuse. The goals and policies of this Element call for the development of an Urban Design Plan that will include specific guidelines for the design of buildings and the public realm in Denton that will include these basic principles Accessibility: This is the ease with which people can access a full range of facilities such as shops, leisure, employment, and other public areas. Accessibility is affected by the location anddistribution of uses; transportation choices, including facilities for less mobile people; the physical design of spaces and pedestrian circulation systems. New development will beaccessible to the widest range of people both in terms of its location, the physical design of spaces and buildings. and its accessibility via transportation modes including bicycle,pedestrian, and transit. Health & Safety: A well-designed built environment can help to improve safety and security. Anunsafe environment can discourage human activity and render a site unusable. Good lighting and proper site design are also important factors, Efficient transportation design can contribute to reducing air pollution emissions, Strategically placed landscaping and careful architecturaldesign can reduce energy consumption and save money. Designers will be expected to demonstrate that the health and safety of the city has been a factor in producing new development schemes, Encourage self-policing and discourage crime by incorporating Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) strategies into building and site design. Connectivity: The number of alternative ways people are able to move through a community is ameasure of its connectivity or permeability, New development should maximize permeability both within the site and in the neighborhood. Site design must be based on the promotion of walkability and modal choice, including access to bicycle, pedestrian and transit networks and efficient use of existing paths and patterns of movement. New development is designed to complement the existing street grid network and maximize the choice of movement within and through the site, Paths into a site connect rather than forming a series of dead-ends. Cul-de-sacs are generally discouraged except under certain circumstances, such as the presence of topography, stream corridors or other barriers. New development will be expected to takeadvantage of opportunities to promote walkability and modal choice, including access to bicycle, pedestrian and transit networks. Neighborhood Scale: A neighborhood is limited in physical size, with well-defined edges. The size of a neighborhood is generally defined as a five-minute walk or one-quarter mile from the neighborhood edge to its center and a ten-minute walk edge to edge. Human scale is the proportional standard for all structures and accessory components. Automobiles are allowedwithin the neighborhood but do not take precedence over the pedestrian or human needs, particularly the aesthetic functions that include a sense of place. These neighborhoods wiItypically contain transit stops and will utilize transit-oriented design Durability & Endurance: Durabif ity and endurance are very important factors in achieving asustainable, built environment. The use of high-quality materials for surfaces should be a priority. The resistance of materials to wear is important if they are to last and not require excessive maintenance. Flexibility and adaptability in the design and layout of space are also 4-26 Community Character & Urban Design Community Character & Urban Design important factors to accommodate changing demands and a variety of activities in comingdecades Variety: Architectural diversity and creativity should be encouraged to avoid homogeneity and sterility, while still mandating high-quality and sustainable construction. Contrast and variety contribute strongly to visual interest and viewer perceptions of quality. Implementation of design standards by the city will pay strong attention to avoid regulations that promote sameness and stifle individuality. Sustainability: Sustainability is a theme of Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan, as well as a priorityfor Denton. As such building and neighborhood designs should strive to achieve the highest possible standards for sustainability. In the design process, rating systems such as LEED for New Construction, LEED for Neighborhood Development, and Green Built"' Texas should be consulted as a reference with the intent of incorporating as many green building elements asfeasible Legibility: Legibility confers a sense of orientation, in which people can understand and are comfortable with the organization of a place. Good legibility is important because it allows people to find their way around the city. Development schemes will be expected to complementand reinforce the urban character of • Paths that help define proper routes for movement; • Districts that are recognized as areas of similar character, with unified features such as land use density; architectural style, scale, or construction age; • Landmarks that provide specially recognized feature unique to the city; • Edges that indicate distinctions between different neighborhoods or land use districts; and• Nodes that are created at the juncture of paths or are created as special activity centers Architectural Quality: The impact of architectural quality will strongly influence the quality of growth during the next twenty years. High-quality design and materials in all future developmentthat will create attractive business destinations and encourage economic development for the future. The following architectural principles shall be used to guide decisions regarding designof structures • High-quality architectural design should be encouraged. Innovation, creativity, and originalityare considered to be primary ingredients of high-quality architecture. Unique or challenging design solutions will be welcomed. Such buildings are individualistic, provide contrast. and in these ways create local identity and contribute to local distinctiveness. • Careful consideration of orientation. detailing, scale, massing, and context is important in designing buildings adjacent to historic buildings and within historic areas of the city byproviding variety and defining space• Architectural design will be used to integrate the functions of buildings with public spaces, adding to interest and vitality. The impact of architecture on public spaces must be considered. Main frontages and corners should include major entrances, windows, or other features to create activity and visual interest at the ground floor level • Design materials will be used and expressed authentically and appropriately with the use materials and design features indigenous to the region. Use high-quality, durable materials to ensure long-term quality and appreciation of local design. • The City will partner with developers on development projects and will actively explore the use of competitions in the development of significant public buildings as a means of Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 4-27 encouraging more distinctive design. Calls for design and programs for development related to projects that demonstrate consistency with the comprehensive plan may be explored by the city in partnership with potential developers and design professionals. Historic Precedent: Development should echo and complement the historic character of Denton's past, including materials, fenestration, scale, height, roof pitch, and street orientation New buildings should demonstrate thorough knowledge of historical architectural informationand context, but should not imitate older buildings. In the case of infill, elements such as the materials, fenestration, scale, height, roof pitch, and street orientation should complement the character of the existing area. Consider the adaptive reuse of existing buildings and warehouse for all types of uses. Building Scale and Orientation: Buildings should be oriented to address primary streets orthoroughfares to create a sense of place on the street and create a strong street wall. For a street to achieve the intimate and welcoming quality of an outdoor room, the buildings along it should compose a suitable street wall. Building height should be sized in proportion to the width of the street and to the surrounding context of the neighborhood or block. Build-to lines should be used to determine how close buildings will stand to the street. If parking lots are necessary, they should be located to the rear or to the side. Additional standards may be employed togovern recess lines for upper stories, and transition lines, which denote a distinction between ground floors used for retail and the upper story floors for offices and apartments. Building massing and faQade articulation should contribute to a fine-grained. pedestrian scale environment at the street level that promotes walkability.• Definition of Public Space: Buildings should be sited carefully to create a defined public realmBuild-to lines should be utilized to establish a consistent series of building facades and to shape outdoor spaces. including the street and areas for community gathering, includingplazas, courtyards, and parks. The street is an important form of public space, and the buildings that define it should be expected to reinforce and enhance the streetscape corridor. • Mobility Choice: Integration of pedestrian and public transportation systems within new development is encouraged. Development should encourage bicycle and pedestrian accessthat contributes to efficient and safe travel for all modes. This includes consideration of the approaches and access to development, and the arrangement of spaces within the site. Developers should contribute funding for public transportation improvements where warranted, accompanied by a reduction in off-street parking requirements • Entrances: Primary street entrances of all building types should front onto the primary street In multi-family residential developments, ground-floor units should front onto and access the street, rather than having a shared entry and access from interior corridors. • Location of Parking: Residential garage structures should be located to the rear of the lot withalley access or employ shared driveways from public street frontages where there is no alleyaccess, Garage entrances facing the street or those with side garage entrances accessedfrom a shared drive are set well back from the front facade so as to obscure views of the garage entry. Parking Standards: Off-street parking requirements should reflect respect for environmental quality considerations. Parking location and associated landscaping should be carefullyregulated to avoid unacceptable expanses of pavement. Large parking lots should be broken into smaller sub-lots and screened with planting. 4-28 Community Character & Urban Design Community Character & Urban Design Car-Free Development: Mixed-use development in the Downtown core and adjacent to universities should not require off-street parking, but rather should rely on on-street and shared parking along with transit, bicycle, and pedestrian use. Service Areas: Solid waste containers should be located out of public view on privateproperty, in areas specially designed to accommodate truck maneuvering. The use of innovative technologies to reduce the visibility of solid waste operations should be encouraged. Area Plans should contain strategies for solid waste improvements in existingdeveloped areas Lighting: Install adequate and sufficient lighting throughout the area for added safety. visibility, and comfort. Lighting should complement the overall character and design of abuilding or neighborhood and not be visually intrusive to neighbors or the night sky. Lighting should be energy efficient Landscaping: Incorporate distinctive landscaping into the design of buildings when feasible, contributing a vibrant, inviting setting. Accentuate key focal points, entrances, gateways, and corners of a development with accent plant materials and trees. Use local planting materials and those requiring minimal maintenance to contribute to their long-term health and upkeep. Signage: Design high quality signage that contributes to community identity, improves wayfinding, that is highly visible and legible, Require all signs within and around a development to be high quality. professionally designed, and creative symbols of community character. Limit attached and detached signage to achieve private advertisement and wayfinding but not clutter corridors and detract from community aesthetics Provision of Onsite Open Space: in commercial, multi-family residential, and mixed-use development, ensure the provision of shared open space and amenities in a central gatheringlocation that is safe, well-lit, and accessible. Use shared open space as opportunities for community gathering, events (depending on the size), public art, and expression ofcommunity character. Elements of the Public Realm: in addition to the built environment, elements of the public realmare an essential element of the character of a city. The design of the public realm includes streets, sidewalks, parks and open space, and bridges and transportation structures. These elements should be designed to address their adjacent uses, be well appointed and maintained,and facilitate safe and accessible function for all modes Design of Bridges and Transportation Structures: Qualified and creative engineering input shouldbe used in the design of mobility infrastructure, with interesting structural solutions. rather than the addition of decorative detailing to a standard structure • Street Trees and Landscaping: Trees and landscaping will be designed as a crucial component of the public realm. Trees and other plantings will be properly coordinated with utilities to avoid conflicts with maintenance of the public right-of-way and competition for limited underground space. The City will fully consider the significant value of trees and the urban forest when resolving infrastructure conflicts; and select and plant appropriate tree species on public rights-of-way that maximize planting potential while protecting the safety of the public. Landscaping shall promote low-impact design. including water-efficient irrigation practices, the use of drought-tolerant planting materials, and permeable paving to promote the sustainable design of the public realm • Adaptation to the Natural Environment: Development should complement natural topography and respect natural systems, including tree canopy. Development should be located outside of, the 1 00-year floodplain, including roadways. Rather developments adjacent to floodplains Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 4-29 should establish green space between the road and the floodplain to serve as open space, limit flood exposure, and facilitate channel maintenance. Development should not remove valuable tree canopy, but rather contribute additional trees to the urban forest. Table 4.2: Mixed-use Development Criteria based on Vision North Texas 2050 Typologies/District I Mix of Uses S Employmen I Residentia I Scale I Height I Densityt Intensity Regional Center Office, retail, multi-family residential, light industrialand entertainment; includes mixed-use Emphasis on employmentuses 100-200 jobs/acre 50- 1 00units/acre 600- 1 ,000acre S 5 to 50storie S All modes of transportation; regional public transit, parkingrestrictions, and served by multiple major highways. MetropolitanCenter Office, retail, multi-familyresidential and entertaInment ; includesmixed-use. 50-80 jobs/acres 15-50 IC)0- 2 tounits/acre 500 10 acre storie S S Served by one orrn ore corridor/regiona1 lines and local services Freeways withmultiple accesspoints. In somecases served by public transit. Community Center Single-familyand multi- familyresidential and retail; includesmixed use 30-50 jobs/acre 5- 1 0 20-units/acre 100acre S 1 to 5storie S Served by atleast severallocal transit and located on anarterial network Served by atransit route providingconnections to at least one MetropolitanCenterCommuter parking islocated in this 4-30 Community Character & Urban Design Community Character & Urban Design Typologies/District I Mix of Uses S Employmen I Residentia I Scale t Intensity I Density center. In somecases serviced by public transit. NeighborhoodCenter Mix of uses at 20-30 a jobs/acre neighborhoodscale, 10-1 5 20-units/acre 100acre S 1 to 5 storle S Served by localroads and localtransit to nearest largercenterCommuter parking islocated in this center. in some cases served by public transit. Note: Transit-Oriented Development (TaD) projects may occur within any of these centers Source: Vision North Texas 2050 4.16.6 Employ the following guidelines in the design of Business Center land uses • Encourage the development of office and business workplaces in close proximity to commercial, civic, and recreational uses. • Design office facilities (whether free standing or related to manufacturing uses) to address the street frontage at a pedestrian scale. • Orient and design business park structures around shared outdoor gathering spaces (rather than parking lots) to reinforce a sense of community and improve the quality of life of workers. • Consider the adaptive reuse of existing warehouse buildings in the area for non- industrial uses, such as office or community facilities • Use varying building heights and setbacks to define different functions, such as offices and warehousing. • Screen all loading docks, platforms, and overhead bay doors from public view, Loading function should be located away from front streets and should be designed or screened in such a way as to reduce their visibility. 4.16.7 4.16.8 Partner and collaborate with UNT and TWU to create Neighborhood/ University Compatibility Area Area Plans to establish specific planning guidelines for areas adjacent to UNT and TWU Employ the following guideEines in the design of Commercial land uses Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 4-31 • Consider two-story, "tall box" retail in lieu of one-story, “big-box" retail, and within key corridors, and take advantage of the height to make a statement at critical intersections in the community. • Discourage use of the parking area as primary frontage area within and around the property. • Where a single-story commercial development is proposed, provide additiona height to help mark the corner and make a significant statement on the street • Discourage taking truck access directly off-key corridors. Encourage truck access and servicing in the rear of primary buildings. 4.16.9 Employ the following guidelines in the design of Government/Institutional land uses (properties not within the City’s zoning jurisdiction, such as UNT or TWU, are encouraged to follow these principles): •Institutional and governmental buildings, such as city facilities, places of worship, schools, libraries, Fire and Police, post offices, and museums, should be placed in prominent locations. Potential sites include the frontage of plazas, in neighborhood centers, and where street vistas terminate in order to serve as landmarks and reinforce their importance. • Buildings should define parks and plazas, which are distributed throughout the neighborhood and appropriately designed for a range of neighborhood functions, Design and scale should be compatible with surrounding structures 4.16.10 Employ the following guidelines in the design of Industrial land uses: • Minimize conflicts with adjoining land uses and efficiently utilize existing transportation systems. • Locate development in a manner that does not compromise health, safety, and welfare of community. • Design all facilities (whether free standing or related to manufacturing uses) to address the street frontage at a pedestrian scale. • Consider the adaptive reuse of existing warehouse buildings for non-industrial uses, such as office or community facilities. • Use varying building heights and setbacks to define different functions, such as offices and warehousing. • Screen all loading docks, platforms, and overhead bay doors from public view Loading function should be located away from front streets and should be designed or screened in such a way as to reduce their visibility. 4-32 Community Character & Urban Design Community Character & Urban Design Guidelines for Focus Areas: The establishment of Focus Areas is an important element of ensuring quality development in key areas of Denton. Focus areas include Centers, Corridors, Gateways, Branding Stations, and Travel Centers that are located at key intersections and destinations throughout the city and were identified as part of the Plan development process, Due to their prominent locations–either currently or envisioned for the future–they warrant special design scrutiny that will result in perceivable distinction in design, urban vitality, and potentially increased development intensity in the future. Focus areas–Centers, Corridors, Gateways, Branding Stations, and Travel Centers–are not land use types, rather they are types of development that may occur within specified areas, allowable in the underlying mixed-use land use designation. The goal for identified Focus Areas is to create Area Plans that examine the areas to develop context-specific guidelines and land uses that go beyond the general recommendations of the Urban Design Principles and land use guidelines. These Area Plans should then be incorporated into the zoning code as overlay districts The guidelines for Focus Areas add specificity to the Regional, Community, and Neighborhood Center Mixed-use land use designations for use in guiding the development types that may occur in those areas The goal for identified Focus Areas is to create Area Plans that examine the areas to develop context-specific guidelines and land uses that go beyond the general recommendations of the Urban Design Principles Potential Focus Areas are listed beFow and illustrated on Figure 4.1: Focus Areas Concept. These focus areas were developed in the creation of the future land use alternatives during Denton Plan 2030 and remain the same in Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan. The focus areas illustrate potential areas of intensification, based on input from the community and City staff. Focus areas shown on Figure 4.1 include the following centers, corridors, and travel centers Centers • Cole Ranch (intersection of potential Loop 288 extension and 1-35W) • Cole Ranch (FM 2449) Highway 377 and Country Club Road • Denton Center (University Drive/ U.S, 380 and Carroll Boulevard) • Denton Enterprise Airport (Airport Road) • Denton Natatoriurn and surrounding area (Loop 288 and Sherman Drive/ FM 428) • Downtown Denton (see Downtown Master Plan) • Elm and Windsor • Fry Street • Golden Triangle MaI Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 4-33 b AbA • Hills of Denton (intersection of Loop 288 and Locust Street) • Hills of Denton (south of Milam) • Hunter Ranch (corner of 1-35W and Crawford Road) McKinney at Loop 288/ Mayhill McKinney at Trinity McKinney at Woodrow MedPark Station (Mayhill north of 1-35E) Northeast area Northwest area Presbyterian Hospital Denton (1-35 at Scripture) Rayzor Ranch (Town Center South) Robson Ranch Southeast area Teasley and Teasley Teasley at Robinson Trinity North of McKinney • Trinity South of McKinney • Unicorn Lake • University at Loop 288/Mayhill Corridors • Dallas Drive (1-35 to Eagle Drive) • Fort Worth Drive (1-35 to Country Club Road) • Fort Worth Drive/Carroll Boulevard (1-35 to Eagle Drive) • 1-35 Frontage Road North and South (Fort Worth Drive to North Texas Boulevard) • Mayhill Road (1-35 to University Drive) • Sherman Drive (Locust Street to Loop 288) • Teasley Lane (Lillian Miller Parkway to Dallas Drive) • Teasley Lane (1-35 to south city limits) 4-34 Community Character & Urban Design Community Character & Urban Design • University Drive (1-35 to Loop 288) • University Drive (Loop 288 to east city limits) • University Drive (1-35 to west city limits) Travel Centers • 1-35 and Milam Road • 1-35 at West University Drive (U.S. 380) 4.17 Establish design guidelines for Focus Areas to aid in design review for key intersections and destinations in Denton, with the intention of creating Area Plans and corresponding Overlay Districts. 4.17.1 The following design principles should guide the design of Center Focus Areas • Design and development intensity of Center Focus Areas will be determined by underlying land use shown in the FLUM and development regulations of underlying zoning districts • New development in Center Focus Areas should adhere to general urban design guidelines and policies of the Community Character and Urban Design Element. (Table 4.1 ) • Coordinate designs for Center Focus Areas with best practices of NCTCOG, Project for Public Spaces, and other national resources. • Center Focus Areas should be included in the Citywide Branding and Placemaking Strategy. • Center Focus Areas that are located adjacent to key entry points to the city may employ guidelines for Gateways • Buildings in identified Center Focus Areas should be oriented along streets, plazas, and pedestrian ways. • Building facades in Center Focus Areas should create an active and engaging public realm and encourage walking and alternative transportation. Amenities for public transit and bicycle infrastructure should be included at key intersections/ focal points. • All modes of transportation should be accommodated to the greatest extent possible to contribute to efficient and safe travel for all modes • Transitions between building intensity should be established between large- scale and small-scale development. The relationship can be improved by designing larger buildings to reduce their apparent size and recessing the upper Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 4-35 I/A\Ibha.Ab floors of the building to relate to the lower scale of the adjacent, lower-density buildings, • Center Focus Areas that are within existing developed areas should complement the scale and architectural features of surrounding development • Encourage parking structure designs that include landscaping and other aesthetic treatments to minimize their visual prominence. Parking structures should be lined with active and visually attractive uses to lessen their impact on the streetscape. • Parking standards should be reduced in centers to further principles for transit- oriented design. Buildings set back behind parking lots are discouraged 4.17.2 The following design principles should guide the design of Corridor Focus Areas: • Design and development intensity of Corridor Focus Areas will be determined by underlying land use shown in the FLUM and development regulations of underlying zoning districts • Promote high quality development along corridors to improve aesthetics, enrich neighborhoods, and encourage reinvestment, Design of new development should contribute to the overall visual quality of the corridor and define the streetscape. • Highlight important intersections and access points along key Corridor Focus Areas through enhanced architectural design features, streetscape treatments, or traffic-calming elements such as roundabouts to mark transitions and define character. • Apply zoning standards to discourage strip commercial shopping centers and auto-oriented development in Corridor Focus Areas. Buildings set back behind parking lots facing key corridors are discouraged • in urban contexts and where Corridor Focus Areas intersect with Center Focus Areas, encourage development to create continuous facades built to activate the street wall, provide a sense of enclosure and improve pedestrian comfort • Corridor Focus Areas that are within existing developed areas should complement the scale and architectural features of surrounding development • Create visually cohesive Corridor Focus Areas using a variety of techniques including landscaping, undergrounding of utilities, and other streetscape improvements along key corridors, • Corridor Focus Areas that are located adjacent to key entry points to the city may employ guidelines for Gateways (CC 4.2.6) 4-36 Community Character & Urban Design Community Character & Urban Design 4.17.3 The following design principles should guide design within Travel Center FocusAreas • Special signage and gateway treatment should be applied in order create a distinctive entry point into the city in Travel Center Focus Areas. • Land uses should be appropriate to support freight industry in Denton and recognize the importance of Denton as the first destination on 1-35 from points northward • Landscape screening should be employed in parking areas • Development should be oriented in a manner that reduces conflicts with adjacent sensitive uses, such as residential uses • Buffering techniques should be employed to minimize impacts to adjacent sensitive uses, such as residential uses Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 4-37 This page intentionally left blank 4-38 Community Character & Urban Design 5 1 Parks, Conservation & Environment Parks, Conservation & Environment Overview As the population grows and development expands over the plan horizon, providing parks and open space and the conservation of natural resources is essential for maintaining the quality of life and character of Denton. The policies that follow address the provision of new parks and open space resources, and resource conservation policies, addressing the following primary considerations, and are integrated into goals throughout the Comprehensive Plan • An integrated green infrastructure network created by the linking of parks and natural resources together through parks, trails, contiguous open space, and natural systems. • Coordination with regional goals for holistic open space and recreation planning and ecosystem-wide conservation strategies • Provision of a variety of park types and amount of park land to match population growth and different community contexts • Creation of park lands and recreational facilities that incorporate elements of Denton's natural environment • Prioritization of conservation strategies that achieve integrated conservation objectives including: protecting air quality, ecosystems and habitat, water body and watershed conservation and quality, and protection of rural, agricultural character. • A framework for environmental policies that affect the built environment and city function • An overarching vision to implement Denton’s sustainability plan: Simply Sustainable: A Strategic Plan for Denton’s Future (2020), including proactive policies for green building and solid waste recovery, • An overarching vision for the Parks, Recreation and Trail System Master Plan • A robust system of parks, open space and recreational resources are important for creating and sustaining memorable, livable neighborhoods, places to work, a balance of land uses, and Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 5-1 places of distinction throughout the community. Denton’s natural environment is an essential element of the City that is important to character community as a whole, but is fundamentally tied to regional and global goals for environmental stewardship and sustainability, affecting the quality of life of Denton residents. the health of region, and beyond. Incorporation of considerations of open space and natural resource protection into every land use decision, from the smallest urban park to a regional land conservation strategy, is necessary for a plan of this scale to address natural resources adequately. Parks, Conservation and Environment in the Community Vision Statement The Character of Denton • Denton is consciously green. We are a leader in our commitment to sustainability and we have a significant urban tree canopy, a network of parks and greenways and streamcorridors. • Denton is safe and livable, a hospitable community of friends and neighbors People, Institutions, and Government • The City of Denton is a healthy, family-friendly community which sees its youth as its most valuable resource; a resource worthy of investment in education, healthful recreation, and opportunities for challenging and rewarding employment and engagement in civic affairs. • The City of Denton has integrated, reconciled, and streamlined its plans, processes, policies, and regulations for consistency, clarity, and effectiveness, Sound Growth: Strengthening Our Form and Function Throughout Denton we see... • Managed, balanced, and sustainable growth in high-quality, livable urban, suburban, and rural places which offer diverse choices among neighborhood settings while respecting private property rights. • • • An efficient transportation system with a safe and well-connected road network whichaccommodates a wide array of mobility options, including local and commuter rail transit, as well as accommodations for pedestrians and cyclists, Parks, greenways, stream corridors, tree canopy, and other natural resources integrating into the fabric of the community and contributing to healthy lifestyles Environmental stewardship through water conservation, positive contributions to regional air quality, sustainable development practices, green infrastructure, and renewable energy 5-2 Parks, Conservation & Environment Parks. Conservation & Environment In our rural fringe areas of the city and the Extraterritorial Jurisdiction (ETJ) wesee • Contiguous, staged growth which is fiscally and environmentally sound, reduces fragmentation and sprawl, discourages premature development, and conserves the City’s growth areas • Conservation development which retains rural character, protects open space and greenways, enhances development value, and provides greater choices to land owners The primary goal of the Parks, Conservation and Environment Element is the creation of a cohesive green infrastructure network within the city and advancement of environmental practices throughout. Green infrastructure refers to the network of natural systems that ties the city together in terms of ecological function and a providing a natural backdrop of rural character and aesthetic value. The notion of green infrastructure goes beyond conserving lands at the city's fringes. but rather supports the integration of open space into all parts of the city in the form of tree canopy, parks of all sizes and types, and sustainable stormwater management. The expansion of green elements into the everyday functioning of the city provides important habitat, areas for natural groundwater recharge, opportunities for residents to connect with nature, and the improvement of air quality through carbon sequestration, which is powerful in terms of climate change mitigation and reducing the urban heat island effect, Bringing about the goals of conservation and environmental measures takes a coordinated effort through multiple city departments and regional regulators. The policies of the Comprehensive Plan establish guidance to better protect open space through regulatory tools as well as encourage coordination among complementary Plan goals. Land use policy is the first step in ensuring open space protection, as it creates policies and dedicated land for parks and open space. However, mobility and infrastructure are also tied to the further support the health of Denton’s environmental systems, from improved air quality via reduced vehicular emissions, through encouraging alternative modes of transportation; to incorporating storrnwater management polices to conserve water resources Finally, raising the environmental awareness of Denton's population through education, access to recreational resources, and providing ample opportunities for physical activity and interaction with the outdoors, will create a healthier Denton, one more appreciative of its natural surroundings. Ensuring adequate access to parks, open space, and natural resources will ensure a healthy, happy, and economically viable community for the next generation and for all cross sections of Denton's population today. Parks and Recreation Attractive, safe and well-maintained public parks, open space, and recreation facilities are essential elements of Denton’s image and quality of life. Open space refers generally to any parcel or area of land or water that is devoted to either the preservation of natural resources. outdoor Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 5-3 recreation, or public health and safety. Parks typically serve a recreation purpose, either passive or active in nature. When combined. "parks and open space” refers to the network of all such areas within the city. Strategically-placed and equitably-distributed parks can provide a wide array of opportunities for both individual and community enrichment. In addition, parks and open space may serve to protect environmentally-sensitive lands from potentially harmful effects of urban development, including curbing sprawl and reducing fragmentation, and mitigating against climate change, while also offering recreation benefits. Parks and open space are places to play, relax, and enjoy the natural environment, and to connect socially with others in the community. They can define a neighborhood and provide a cultural and historical focal point. If properly designed and maintained, parks can enhance the economic value of nearby properties. Open space preserves, trails and greenways can knit together neighborhoods with other important elements of the city’s fabric, including schools, neighborhoods, community facilities, and commercial developments. Whether in the form of golf courses, parks for active recreation, protected natural areas, passive open space within neighborhoods, they add intrinsic value as well as real estate property value. Such lands can also serve as an effective buffer between incompatibEe land uses. In short, parks and open space help to protect the social, economic, and aesthetic qualities that Denton values. In order to preserve these qualities, the city will continue to expand its award-winning parks system as the community grows At present the City of Denton’s parks system includes over 5,000 acres of parks and open space recreation facilities. More than half of this acreage lies within the Clear Creek Natural Heritage Center. the 2,835-acre preserve opened in 2009 that provides an integral piece of achieving the City’s environmental vision and provides an important outdoor recreation facility for the city. The park system in Denton includes five City Parks, five community parks, 21 neighborhood parks, five pocket parks, 3 preserves, 1 5 linear parks, and three special use parks with the overall goal of an additional 2,500 acres to the park system within the City and ETJ by 2040. Table 5,1 identifies the individual parks within each category and their associated acreage, 5-4 Parks, Conservation & Environment Parks, Conservation & Environment Table 5.1.Types of Parks and Existing Acreage Type of Park Existing Park Acreage City Park 976.55 Community Parks 43,30 337.23 41 ,21 Neighborhood Parks Pocket Parks Preserves Linear Parks 2,91 2.55 61 .48 Special Use Parks 21 1 .92 36.02Cemeteries Total 4,620.26 Source: City of Denton Parks and Recreation Department, December, 2021 New parks are developed based on the recommended park acreage per 1 ,000 residents to achieve park level of service as well as meet the needs and vision of the community. Currently, park types, terminology, and level of service standards are based on the Parks, Recreation and Trail System Master Plan (2021 ) and the open space framework provided in the Open Space Master Plan (2002). The Parks, Recreation and Trail System Master Plan also includes recommendations for individual park elements and amenities within parks such as sports fields, picnic pavilions, playgrounds, and skate parks, based on community desires, suitable locations, and reasonable costs. In addition, standards are also being set to help define the park system for the future in ways such as, but not limited to, miles of trails, square feet per resident of Indoor space and residents per park. Including adequate park facilities to maintain the livability and quality of life of Denton is essential To accomplish this, the city must match population growth through the provision of new and well- maintained parks, open space, and recreation facilities, in addition, the City must think big picture about how the parks and open space relate to one another, forming a network of facilities that are accessible regionally, locally, and on a community-by-community basis, linked with trails and bicycle paths, and contributing to a network of connectivity and natural resources that frame the city. The city should aim to have an appropriate balance of each of these types of parks to meet community needs and create an exemplary parks, recreation and open space system Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 5-5 City Parks City parks are typically greater than 50 acres and serve the entire city as well as larger region. They are often used to host citywide events. Recreational facilities in city parks may include recreation centers, athletic complexes, pool, trails, landscaping, playground, open space, benches, pavilion, and/or sculpture Preserves A preserve land that is acquired and managed in accordance with the preservation of a particular type of habitat and its flora and fauna, which may be rare or endangered. Facilities in a preserve may include a structure for native environmental learning. Community Parks Community parks are typically 30-50 acres serving multiple surrounding neighborhoods and featuring a variety of recreational facilities including sports fields, courts, aquatics, trails, Eandscaping, playground, open space, benches, pavilion, and/or sculptures Neighborhood Parks Neighborhood parks are typically 3 to 5 acres serving nearby neighborhood(s) within walking distance. Neighborhood parks usually include recreational facilities such as playground, open space, benches, pavilion, and/or a sculpture Pocket Parks Pocket parks are 0-3 acres that generally fill in gaps in park coverage and serve the general public, These parks typically include passive amenities such as seating and provide opportunities for beautification Linear Parks Linear parks, or greenways, are stretches of open space that may contain amenities such as trails and trailheads. Linear parks, knit all open space together and also connect community assets, such as parks and schools, together. Special Use Parks Special use parks have a dedicated and unique use. These may include skate parks or a historical site. The size of a special use park varies and serves the entire city. Cemetery As America's first parks, Denton cemeteries are both a place for historic preservation and remembrance. Cemeteries consist of burial plots. The size of cemeteries varies and serves the entIre city. 5-6 Parks, Conservation & Environment Parks. Conservation & Environment The goals and policies of the Comprehensive Plan will ensure that the needs of the community as well as the vision for parks, open space and recreational facilities are met as the city grows and develops, GOAL PCE-1: Unite Denton through a framework of parks, open space, and recreation facilities that respond to unique community needs and match population growth Policies and Actions Provisions of Parks: The Comprehensive Plan provides the overarching guidance and framework for the provision of parks and recreational resources. The vision for the provision of parks, open space, and recreation facilities is to ensure that Denton is characterized by a superior park system that provides a variety of different park types, connected by trails and open space linkages, that provide recreational and open space opportunities for the growing population as well as achieve environmental benefits. Specific regulations for the development of parks, including standards and terminologies are located in the Parks, Recreation and Trail System Master Plan. Standards are established so that appropriate variety and the amount of parks are created to match population growth and community needs. Action 5.1.2 calls for the updating of this plan every five years 5.1 Provide for the development of superior park facilities in a range of types and sizes, per city standards, to meet Denton’s population growth. 5.1.1 Implement the vision for a park, open space, and trail system as most currently updated in which mobility to, from, between, and within the system is readily apparent and aligned with natural resources in the city and is linked regionally. 5.1.2 Update the Parks, Recreation and Trail System Master Plan at least once every five years to implement this vision, Align park terminology and recommended acreage standards with national standards and best practices 5.1.3 5.1.4 5.1 .5 Acquire and maintain sufficient land to keep pace with Denton’s park needs based on standards of the updated Parks, Recreation and Trait System Master Plan Engage the community in the design and planning for new parks to create reflections of neighborhood, community, and city character, as with all cornrnunity facilities design Create designs for new recreation and open space facilities that respond to the context of specific neighborhood, the needs of specific segments of the community, and utilize best practices in park design. Create master plans to implement design. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 5-7 5.1 .6 Develop, fund, and implement future Capital Maintenance Programs and Capital Improvement Programs consistent with the updated Parks, Recreation and Trail System Master Plan 5.1 .7 Periodically survey community preferences and needs regarding parks and recreation. Incorporate this information into revisions of the strategic plan, annual action plans, and updates of the Parks, Recreation and Trail System Master Plan 5.1 .8 5.1 .9 Actively pursue the creation of mini-parks, pocket parks, urban open space, and urban/community gardens on vacant parcels or other types of unused, available land throughout the city, Ensure that no resident is more than a 10 minute walk from a park facility Integrated Park Planning and Design: It is important that the provision of parks not only address population-based development standards, but be coordinated with overarching city and regional policy for the protection of environmental resources, the achievement of high quality, memorable public spaces, and the attainment of regional environmental goals. Parks and open space provide myriad benefits for achieving environmental quality goals, such as improved air and water quality, as well as providing access to scenic corridors and views, and natural buffers. Parks and open space development and acquisition plans should endeavor to further regional goals as well as link with other relevant planning policy. Planning for trails needs to be coordinated regionally in order to facilitate a mobility connection between communities and foster a broader green infrastructure network. Trail planning is coordinated through the North Central Texas Council of Governments (NCTCOG). 5.2 Coordinate acquisition of parks and open space with goals for urban design, mobility, infrastructure, and environmental conservation objectives. 5.2.1 implement the updated Parks, Recreation and Trail System Master Plan to prioritize development of trails and greenway corridors throughout Denton. Update the plan every five years to identify further significant scenic, historical, and environmentally sensitive lands, and determine strategies to preserve them 5.2.2 Ensure that trail development is coordinated with NCTCOG to achieve regional mobility objectives that will link Denton with surrounding communities via a regional trail and greenbelt system 5.2.3 5.2.4 Develop parks and open space adjacent to residential areas, community facilities, commercial centers, and the universities to link areas together via green space, and creating opportunities for outdoor access, and physical activity Acquire land for park dedication along drainage corridors and floodways to preserve environmentally sensitive lands, provide recreation opportunities, and promote stormwater management through green infrastructure 5-8 Parks. Conservation & Environment Parks, Conservation & Environment 5.2.5 Utilize parks and recreation spaces as elements of air and water pollution management as well as an important tool in buffering incompatible land uses, and preventing sprawl and reducing fragmentation of development by promoting land conservatIon 5.2.6 5.2.7 Encourage pedestrian and bicycle linkages to parks and recreation areas in order to promote mobility and community health goals. Work with education communities to link parks within campus boundaries into the city network and create new parks and open space resources as part of campus development and environmental stewardship. Cost-Efficient Parks: The provision of parks and recreation facilities and programs, like any community facility or service, impacts the city budget. High quality parks and open space, while a priority, are expensive to maintain, program and develop. The City of Denton should coordinate the planning and maintenance of parks and open space with other facilities in order to identify cost-efficient approaches and investigate the opportunity for revenue generating parks and privately-funded parks in the future. 5.3 Develop parks, open-space, and recreation facilities in a manner that is most cost-efficient for capital and operating expenses and coordinated among city departments, adjacent municipalities, DISD, and local institutions and recreation providers. 5.3.1 Require that plans for new park facilities are coordinated with planning for other community facilities, and vice versa. Identify opportunities for clustering multiple public facilities together with parks and recreation facilities, including libraries, fire stations, and school sites 5.3.2 Research feasibility of creating revenue-generating parks and recreation features that can reduce the dependency on property tax revenue and generate profits to underwrite other recreation facilities and services 5.3.3 5.3.4 Coordinate with adjacent municipalities, DISD, Denton County, and locaE institutions to explore opportunities for cooperative ventures in providing parks and open space. Coordinate with adjacent and nearby municipalities, school districts, local institutions, and other agencies to develop a regional, connected trail system Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 5-9 Natural Areas, Natural Resources, and Conservation Environmental protection is one of the most significant ongoing concerns expressed by Denton citizens. During the public input process for Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan update2040, as well as in previous Denton Plan updates, citizens repeatedly expressed that the natural environment of Denton was among its highest priorities. The City of Denton has already made great strides in the protection of its natural environment and addressing the value of its environmental resources appropriately by prioritizing the reduction of environmental degradation and pollution. With environmental concerns reaching out far beyond the city limits, successful environmental management must be coordinated with the regional community. in order to achieve goals to benefit Denton, the region, and the planet Denton County lies at the juncture of the heavily-wooded region of Eastern Texas and the sparse Great Plains of West Texas. Three ecoregions give the City of Denton its mix of prairie grasslands and woodland character: the Blackland Prairie, Cross Timbers, and Grand Prairie land resource areas The Elm Fork Branch of the Trinity River is the origin of the water sources for the City of Denton and Denton County. Several major creeks that flow into the Elm Fork pass through the western part of Denton. Clear Creek. flows through the northern portion, while Cooper Creek, Hickory Creek, and Pecan Creek flow southeast through the central area of the city into Lake Lewisville. These creeks also define the city's watersheds. Denton is served by two lakes: Lake Lewisville and Lake Ray Roberts, both of which were constructed as part of the Trinity Regional Project of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Lake Lewisville, located to the east of the City of Denton on the Elm Fork, is the city's primary source of drinking water. Lake Lewisville and Lake Ray Roberts are connected via a 10-mile "Greenbelt Corridor" multi-use trail system that follows the banks of the Elm Fork. The trail begins at the Ray Roberts Dam and ends at the headwaters of Lake Lewisville. As a result of the environmental principles of the 1999 Denton Plan, Denton has identified areas with significant ecological value as Environmentally-Sensitive Areas (ESAs). These areas are subject to regulations that limit land-disturbing activity and development in special natural resource areas, as well as protect the city's water quality. ESAs provide important plant and animal habitats, as well as provide critical linkages for wildlife, as they are intended to link existing and planned open space within the city. Finally, ESAs filter pollutants, serve as a source of resources, and serve as a sink and sequestration area for pollutants 5-1 0 Parks, Conservation & Environment Parks, Conservation & Environment ESAs, depicted on Figure 2.2, include the following areas as defined in the Denton DevelopmentCode • 100-Year Floodplain: Areas within the FEMA 1 00-year floodplain in its natural state or areas that have been graded, filled, or otherwise disturbed. • Riparian Buffers: Areas identified as 100 feet from the stream centerline for streams draining a basin of greater than one square mile, and 50 feet from any streams that drain areas of one square mile or less. • Water-Related Habitat: Areas designated for wetland, tree, and understory preservation and including significant stands of predominately native water-related habitat • Upland Habitat: Areas of a minimum of ten acres in size that contain remnants of the easternCross Timbers Habitat. The flagship of Denton’s environmental progress is the establishment of the Clear Creek Natural Heritage Center. Denton, in partnership with the U,S, Army Corps of Engineers, designated the 2,835-acre area in 2009 to celebrate the natural heritage of the city and region. Located in norlheast Denton at the confluence of Clear Creek and the Elm Fork, this natural and recreational preserve is a central piece of Denton’s open space network and showcases the city’s natural resources, habitat, and ecoregions. It serves as a gateway to the rare bottomland habitat with a diversity of diverse flora and fauna. The Center works to: promote environmental citizenship; provide a place for people to interact and connect with nature; be a model of integrated learning for environmental, outdoor, and experiential learning; provide a leading example of conservation and ecosystem restoration projects; and be an educational, recreational, and cultural resource for all people. In addition, Denton has enacted regulations to protect its water resources since adoption of the 1999 Denton Plan. The city received a Clean Water Act Section 319 grant from the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) in 2010 to explore water quality issues within the Lake Lewisville Sub-basin of the Hickory Creek Watershed. As a result, the city will develop a framework of best management practice (BMP) incentives that can be applied throughout the Lake Lewisville watershed. The city also initiated the Watershed Protection Program in January 2001 to reduce pollutants within its surface waters and to ensure compliance with the National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Storm Water Phase II rule, During the first year of this program, monitoring results were used to establish preliminary baseline conditions for the physical, chemical, and biological components of the city’s surface water resources, Results from this ongoing monitoring program are used to support the requirements of the Phase II stormwater program, assess water quality for the purposes of source water protection, and establish baseline conditions that can be used to evaluate any future changes in water quality. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 5-1 1 The city also has made strides in the preservation of its tree canopy, although there is strong community sentiment that the City should do more to preserve and increase it. Denton participates in programs such as Tree City USA (awarded for over 20 years), Scenic City, Keep Denton Beautiful, Keep Texas Beautiful, and Keep America Beautiful. Trees, parks, and public green spaces are viewed as more than just amenities, but essential to community health and quality of life. According to our tree canopy assessment completed in January 2022, Denton has tree canopy over 24% of the total land area. The city enforces a tree preservation ordinance known as the Tree Code that promotes the retention of existing trees, manages and limits tree removal, requires replacement and/or replanting of trees removed, protects trees during construction, and establishes site design and construction criteria to protect the long-term viability of existing trees The city has discussed updating the Tree Trusts, a section of the tree preservation ordinance, to offer incentives for developers to preserve trees on existing tracts of land rather than remove trees and plant new ones, or pay into the Tree Fund. These tools are important for maintaining essential tree cover, important for a variety of economic and ecological benefits As a responsible steward of the natural environment, Denton will enact an integrated approach to conservation management through the policies of the Comprehensive Plan, addressing goals for improving air quality, water quality, conserving resources (land, water, etc.), and reducing solid wastes. The city will consider environmental impacts of proposed plans, programs, and GOAL PCE-2: Use an integrative approach to environmental management to create local land conservation strategies tailored to protecting Denton’s water, air, ecosystems, andnatural character regulations and work with regional, state and federal agencies, and neighboring jurisdictions to improve the quality of the city’s and region's natural environment. Tools to protect natural resources may include mitigation banks, which encourage the replacement of function and value of natural resources if preservation is a financial impediment to landowners. Through this and other tools, the policies and implementation of the Comprehensive Plan, Denton will continue to develop and implement strong resource conservation programs for water, native, and restored wildlife habitat areas, sensitive lands, and the urban forest. Conservation of these areas will be promoted through education programs, incentives, design standards and regulations. Policies and Actions Green Infrastructure Network: Environmental conservation encompasses a range of considerations: water quality, air quality, soil erosion, habitat preservation, public health, agricultural productivity, and rural character. As such, a variety of tools are available to ensure protection of natural resources. Many strategies are related to specific solutions, such as air quality regulations for industrial uses. Others strategies are more 5-1 2 Parks, Conservation & Environment Parks. Conservation & Environment far reaching in scope, related to overarching land use and development patterns, and transportation choices. One of the most important aims to achieve in conservation is to achieve a green infrastructure network in Denton, connecting the city through open space and its tree canopy. This network provides both a natural backdrop of rural character and the integration of open space into development, as wel£ as providing important habitat, areas for natural groundwater recharge, and the improvement of air quality through carbon sequestration, which is powerful in terms of climate change mitigation. Regulating conservation takes a coordinated effort through multiple city departments and regional regulators. The policies of the Comprehensive Plan establish guidance to better protect open space through regulatory tools as well as encourage coordination among complementary Plan goals. 5.4 Promote the formation of a cohesive, broad green infrastructure framework for the city that links open space and natural resources, incorporates goals for land conservation and management, and retains the rural and natural character of Denton. 5.4.1 Expand upon the ESA program to create an integrated system of publicly-owned natural areas that protect the integrity of important conservation sites, protect corridors between natural areas, and preserve outstanding examples of Denton's diverse natural environments 5.4.2 Acquire and manage land and water to preserve, protect, and enhance important natural areas to contribute to a natural, healthy community and environment. 5.4.3 5.4.4 5.4.5 Use the ESA framework to identify where land use decisions are needed to provide an equitable distribution of natural resources or open space throughout the city. Encourage public dedication of ESAs, such as floodplains and open spaces, for community-wide recreational use. Promote Denton’s sustainable features and practices, natural assets, and Parks, Recreation, and Trail System as distinguishing traits for economic growth and community development through public relations materials and business attractIon 5.4.6 5.4.7 Encourage environmental awareness, the ethical use of natural resources, and preservation of natural habitat through all development policies, Require Environmental Sensitive Area Assessments for development sites where areas of high ecological values (Environmentally Sensitive Areas) are proposed to be disturbed that will trigger appropriate management practices including any necessary mitigation actions. (DP. 104) 5.4.8 Promote Conservation Development to protect open space and rural character and reduce development pressure on agriculture. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 5-1 3 A /\m--;Iii -FA 5.4.9 Work with State of Texas Department of Agriculture to conduct a survey of Prime Agricultural Land consistent with Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program (FMMP) standards to determine potential locations and value of agricultural land threatened by urban development within Denton city limits and the ETJ. 5.4.10 Consider use of conservation easements and land trusts to protect agricultural land and heritage rangelands through State of Texas Department of Agriculture (i.e. Family Land Heritage Properties) and Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) programs 5.4.11 Encourage broader use of mitigation banks to facilitate market-based compensation to landowners that choose to help protect environmentally sensitive Eands 5.4.12 5.4.13 Explore adequate public facilities requirements in coordination with land use policies and open space conservation. Incorporate strategies regarding Land Use and Open/ Natural Space from Denton’s Sustainability Plan: Simply Sustainable, 2020. and the updated Parks Recreation and Trail System Master Plan Expanding and Protecting Tree Canopy: As stated, Denton has strong community support for the expansion of its existing tree canopy preservation program. Denton's tree canopy, in concert with its parks, trails and open space, provide an essential layer of the city’s green infrastructure network and provide environmental and aesthetic benefits community health and quality of life. Much of Denton’s tree canopy is already under protection in ESAs and the City's Tree Code as discussed above. However, a variety of tools exist to further promote the preservation of Denton’s tree canopy. These tools are important for maintaining essential tree cover, important for a variety of economic and ecological benefits Maintaining the urban tree canopy should be done in accordance with existing city policies and ordinances, However the City should proactively engage service providers to amend service criteria so as to contribute to maintaining a healthy tree canopy. 5.5 Ensure the protection of Denton's tree canopy as an essential element of Denton's cohesive, broad green infrastructure framework 5.5.1 Regularly assess the urban tree canopy to identify changes to this important resources and include specific strategies for protection and provision of a more robust tree canopy. 5-14 Parks, Conservation & Environment Parks, Conservation & Environment 5.5.2 5.5.3 Research and validate the tree canopy goal in Denton and establish regulations accordingly, taking into consideration the topography and habitats present and also Denton’s geographic location Follow the recommendations in the 201 6 State of the Denton Urban Forest report and the 2020 Urban Forest Master Plan 5.5.4 Promote Denton’s commitment to sustainable community growth and community aesthetics/appearance through continued participation with Keep Denton Beautiful Inc. and in programs such as Tree City USA, Bee City USA, Monarch City USA, Scenic City USA, and the Governors Community Achievement Award 5.5.5 Explore the creation of a Tree Trusts as part of the tree preservation ordinance with incentives for developers to preserve existing trees located in development sites rather than remove or replace trees, or pay into the Tree Fund 5.5.6 Establish Tree Preserves in which the City purchases lands identified to have significant amounts of heritage trees for long-term preservation 5.5.7 5.5.8 Ensure that service providers are in compliance with the Tree Code regarding tree trimming and planting requirements Identify parcels throughout the city that have a 30% or greater tree canopy. Habitat and Ecosystems Protection: Habitat preservation is at the core of environmental protection, Denton’s location within the ecoregions of the Blackland Prairie. Cross Timbers, and Grand Prairie, as well as at the confluence of the tributaries of the Trinity River, make the city and surrounding county rich in ecological resources. A key element of land conservation is the protection of native flora, fauna, and aquatic species. Extensive research has been conducted on the value of the habitat in Denton and many areas have been protected as a result of the ESA program, as wel£ as interpreted at the Clear Creek Natural Heritage Center. The policies of the Comprehensive Plan will ensure the furtherance of environmental protection goals and education, to ensure the continued safeguarding of precious habitat resources 5.6 Promote the retention of essential ecosystems and habitat in Denton’s land conservation strategies. 5.6.1 Develop a plan for the conservation and preservation of native Cross Timbers Forest region trees, Blackjack Oak, Bur Oak, and Post Oak, which are critical to the local wildlife and natural ecosystem of Denton. 5.6.2 Develop conservation and development priorities to be used by planners and decision makers to systematically identify, evaluate, and synthesize various environmental attributes and evaluate ecological values Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 5-1 5 5.6.3 Create a 1 0-year plan for acquiring and preserving open space that are considered to be of high value for ecological preservation and are not already under protectIon. 5.6.4 Determine a standard for open space provision as a percentage of development area that new developments on greenfield land must provide on- or off-site. Include this provision in development standards for Master Planned Communities (M PCs) 5.6.5 Expand the City’s public education programs to celebrate Denton’s ecosystems through physical interpretation, site management, conservation, sustainability, watershed protection, and urban forestry 5.6.6 Update the criteria to identify and prioritize habitats with emerging trends. current conditions, and new expertise to strengthen and continue use of this tool for open space protection. 5.6.7 Coordinate ecosystem protection goals with surrounding municipalities and Denton County. 5.6.8 Continue to enforce and update the ESA regulations to manage important natural areas that preserve wildlife habitat, wildlife corridors and native landscapes, while providing opportunities for education, scientific research, nature interpretation. art, fishing, relaxation, wildlife observation, hiking, and other activities 5.6.9 Create an overlay to protect areas of Clear Creek NaturaE Heritage Area not already under ESA protection. 5.6.10 Identify and map wildlife corridors throughout the city Air Quality: Air quality, is an issue that affects the entire North Texas region. Nine counties in the Dallas/Fort Worth metropolitan area (Denton, Collin, Dallas, Ellis, Johnson, Kaufman, Parker, Tarrant, and Wise counties) have been classified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as "non- attainment" areas for 8-hour ozone. The EPA has classified the entire Dat las-Fort Worth metropolitan area as a “marginal" ozone non-attainment area. Much of this is as a result of vehicular travel and other factors. Improving the air quality of Denton and the region requires a multi-pronged approach. Air quality is affected by not only vehicular emissions and pollution, but can be ameliorated by natural factors such as tree canopy. Denton has the opportunity to not only improve air quality through the enactment of compact growth principles and multi-modal strategies, but a move towards sustainable building design, industrial standards, and the preservation of open space. The compact growth framework, furthered by the entire Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan and discussed most thoroughly in the Land Use Element, puts forward policies and actions that will result in development that is located in closer proximity, thereby 5-1 6 Parks, Conservation & Environment Parks, Conservation & Environment generating fewer vehicle trips and preserving the greatest amount of open space. The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) and the North Central Texas Council of Governments (NCTCOG) both already have strong policies in place that can serve as guidance for Denton to ensure appropriate compliance. Also, the preservation of open space will contribute to carbon sequestration that can also have a positive influence on Denton’s atmospheric quality. 5.7 Uphold regional air quality goals through conservation strategies that improve air quality in Denton and the region. 5.7.1 Promote the expansion of alternative transportation options such as public transportation, walking, and bicycling through implementation of the Mobility Plan and the Parks, Recreation and Trail System Master Plan that reduce vehicle trips and thereby reduce emissions 5.7.2 Protect and increase the urban tree canopy and promote the enforcement of an enhanced and high-quality Tree Preservation program to increase natural carbon sequestratIon. 5.7.3 Continue to work with the NCTCOG to address air pollution on an airshed basis. including regional programs for alternative transporlation. 5.7.4 5.7.5 5.7.6 Update policies to reduce point-source emissions in keeping with Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) policy. Incorporate air quality and greenhouse gas (GHG) management strategies from Denton’s Sustainability Plan: Simply Sustainable (2020). Continue to use iTree to view, update, and quantify the value trees provide as infrastructure 5.7.7 5.7.8 Implement methods to mitigate any adverse effects of oil and gas drilling and production on air quality, such as requiring Vapor Recovery Systems in compliance the 201 5 Gas Well Ordinance Explore and implement requirements to improve air quality through private community actions, new development, and revitalization efforts. Water Quality and Conservation: Denton has made strides in recent decades to protect and value its water system, including water bodies and watersheds. Denton's ESA program has been successful in helping to protect its natural resources and improve water quality. both for human consumption and habitat. Denton should continue to enforce the ESA program, as well as participate in regional coordination to address issues of water quality, conservation, and supply. An innovative, comprehensive approach to natural resources protection will ensure that protecting water quality and habitat will be coordinated with regional goals for air quality, land protection, as well as goals for mobility and the Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 5-1 7 enhancement of the public realm. The adoption of green infrastructure features as part of the Infrastructure and Utilities Element policies will be instrumental in improving water quality, conservation, and the natural functioning of Denton’s ecosystems. Water conservation is very important for Denton, as well as other cities North Texas, due both to population growth and the potential for drought in the region. Water conservation is accomplished through regulations to reduce water consumption on individual property and through community education to achieve conservative use of water. The City completed the Water Conservation and Drought Contingency Plan (2012 with an update to the Drought Contingency Plan in 2019) to increase community resiliency to drought, and regularly monitors water consumption. The City wiI strive to continue this program, coordinate regionally with water conservation goals, and update necessary regulations to promote water conservation on private and public property. 5.8 Incorporate water management and floodplain preservation strategies into conservation prioritization to improve water quality and maintain the functioning of natural systems. 5.8.1 5.8.2 Continue to enforce and update the ESA regulations to improve water quality and maintain floodplain habitat, such as stream buffers and bottomland hardwood habitat, through preservation of the 1 00-year floodplain and wetlands Review and revise engineering standards for roads and stormwater systems to apply low-impact design (green infrastructure) elements to improve the quality ofstormwater runoff. 5.8.3 5.8.4 Coordinate development of greenways and trails along the floodplain and tributaries to promote recreational and mobility goals. Limit creation of new impervious surface areas as a result of new development through the adherence with the City of Denton iSWM Design Manual including low- impact design regulations and incorporation of green standards (i.e. LEED) for new construction. Ensure that measures are regularly enforced and not waived 5.8.5 Continue to enforce and update the ESA regulations to restrict development and encourage greenbelts and other low-intensity land uses incorporated into new development. 5.8.6 5.8.7 5.8.8 Continue to enforce and update the ESA regulations to actively protect, manage, and enhance natural stream corridors and other waterways as natural ecological systems, important wildlife habitat, and accessible recreational areas Incorporate water quality and watershed management strategies from Denton’s Sustainability Plan: Simply Sustainable (2020). Continue to monitor quality of Denton's drinking water and provide annual updates to community members and to be posted online. 5-1 8 Parks, Conservation & Environment Parks. Conservation & Environment 5.8.9 Coordinate regionally to achieve regional goals of conserving the water supply of North Texas and drought preparedness, such as participation in Water Efficiency Network of North Texas (WENNT) 5.8..10 Continue to implement the 201 2 Denton Water Conservation and Drought Contingency Plan to help reduce per capita water use. 5.8.11 Encourage community members to employ best management practices for water reduction such as use of landscape irrigation improvements Sustainability Framework Denton has established itself as one of the most environmentally proactive cities in the country. The City completed and adopted a sustainability plan: Simply Sustainable: A Strategic Plan for Denton's Future in 2020, which is highly regarded and followed. In addition Denton Municipal Electric (DME) is a leader in the country in the provision of energy from renewable sources, providing approximately 70 percent of its energy from renewable sources as of 201 9. Achieving a more sustainable future for Denton remains a priority for the City and the community, with the intent of continually raising the bar. As sustainability is one of the overarching themes of the Comprehensive Plan, it is understood to be both a top priority of the plan as well as an issue that transcends many topics, Policies and actions furthering sustainable practices in terms of land use, land conservation, renewable energy, mobility, water and wastewater services, stormwater management, local food production, and solid waste are found throughout the Plan GOAL PCE-3: Create a framework for advancing sustainability in a comprehensive mannerfor the future of Denton Policies and Actions Green Building Design: 5.9 Further the incorporation of green design standards for new construction and improvements to existing buildings and the public realm. 5.9.1 Explore green building standards for new residential and commerciaE construction, using Green Built’" Texas as a standard. Assign a staff person to oversee and streamline green building project design and commissioning to increase feasibility and reduce project cost. 5.9.2 5.9.3 In the absence of a Green Building Ordinance, encourage certification by Green Built"" Texas for construction of residential projects. Promote the establishment of green building service businesses locally in Denton that are hired to further green build goals in the city. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 5-1 9 5.9.4 Create guideEines and incentives for the construction of green roofs in Denton. 5.9.5 Create guidelines and incentives for the use of Energy Star certified products in new construction and commercial and residential remodels. 5.9.6 As part of Green Building ordinance, encourage the use of sustainable and locally- sourced materials in new construction and rehabilitation. 5.9.7 5.9.8 5.9.9 Encourage the use of durable materials in all construction that will last and not contribute to significant maintenance needs. Require that all commercial buildings, including City buildings comply with standards for reduced energy consumption. Implement clearing and grading requirements to minimize erosion, eliminate clear- cutting, reduce sedimentation, and reduce fugitive dust (airborne particles) in new construction. Utilize guidance of LEED for new construction Low-Impact Development: Low-impact development is a component of sustainable design that refers to the design of the public realm in a manner that mimics natural systems, Low-impact design guidelines are included as part of the North Central Texas Council of Government’s (NCTCOG’s) iSWM Criteria Manual for Site Development and Construction that Denton revised in 201 5. This manual includes seven categories of guidance including: Planning, Water Quality, Hydrology, Hydraulics, Site Development Controls, Construction Controls, and Landscape guidelines. The manual includes best management practices (BMPs) for site design, including stormwater flows, permeable paving, and drought-tolerant landscaping. By adherence to these guidelines, future development in Denton will be up to the regional standards of sustainable development 5.10 Further the incorporation of low-impact development for the site design. 5.10.1 5.10.2 Implement the North Central Texas Council of Government’s (NCTCOG’s) iSWM Criteria Manual for Site Development and Construction and continue to participate with regional groups to identify and implement best practices Coordinate with design guidelines created for new roads, pedestrian improvements, and trails to ensure that sustainable materials are chosen for site design, such as permeable paving materials that mimic natural systems 5-20 Parks, Conservation & Environment Parks. Conservation & Environment Renewable Energy: Advancing the progress for renewable energy provision remains a priority for the City of Denton and the community and is an important component of sustainability. As stated in the Infrastructure and Utilities Element, offering cost-effective renewable energy as well as continuing programs such as GreenSense to offer flexibility for consumers is a goal for Denton MunicipaE Electric (DME), Denton’s electric utility. 5.11 Ensure that renewable energy actions are an element of the sustainability framework for the City and a basis for an updated Sustainability Plan. 5.11.1 Incorporate actions for Cost-Effective Service, Cost-Effective Renewable Energy, and Lighting Standards are incorporated into the sustainable management practices of the City and the updated Sustainability Plan. Solid Waste and Recycling: Management of solid waste and recycling is an important component of sustainability. As stated in Infrastructure and Utilities Element, recycling, landfill gas programs, organic materials and materials recovery are all priorities of the Denton community and have impact into the sustainable operation of the City. 5.1 2 Ensure that solid waste and recycling goals are an element of the sustainability framework for the City. 5.12.1 Incorporate actions for Waste Minimization and Resource Recovery, Efficient Solid Waste and Recycling, and Environmental Protection and Disposal Capabilities are incorporated into the sustainable management practices of the City and the updated Sustainability Plan Local Food Production: Local food is central to furthering sustainability. Food sources are important to issues of community health, economy, and the environment. Food production also affects air and water quality based on the distance that food travels to be consumed in Denton, as well as the practices of local farmers in terms of irrigation. Already the City of Denton supports local farmers, urban agriculture, and community gardens, as well as local businesses focused on locally-sourced and sustainable food. The Comprehensive Plan further supports this goal. Policies in the Land Use and Community Health, Safety and Services Elements contain goals to further local food production practices and access to healthy foods 5.13 Ensure that local food production continues to be at the forefront of the sustainability framework for the City. 5.13.1 Continue to expand community gardens and urban agriculture to promote access to healthy foods, 5.13.2 Actively seek out and implement methods to make local food production easier, Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 5-21 This page intentionally left blank 5-22 Parks, Conservation & Environment 6 1 -Mobility Mobility Overview Denton is a fast-growing community with growing travel demands among residents, students, and employers. Travel demands include trips to and from work, around town, and to areas outside of Denton. Travel demands increase with population growth, and grow in duration according to the amount of distance between origins and destinations. Travel demands impact the need for more roads to accommodate traffic of all kinds, and are used to model impacts ranging from air quality to fiscal performance. The City and its partners will be challenged in the future to provide a safe, convenient and efficient transportation system as growth occurs in the decades to come For much of Denton’s recent growth, the automobile has continued as the primary form of transportation, utilizing the farm-to-market road network. While the private automobile will continue to be a major part of the city’s transportation system, lifestyle, economic, community design, and infrastructure considerations will drive the development of a more balanced transportation system to complement Denton’s growth. Walking, cycling, and riding transit will experience increased emphasis in the decades to come. This has implications for how Denton provides facilities for walking and cycling, how Denton County Transportation Authority (DCTA) provides transit service, and how land use and development patterns influencetravel behavior. The Mobility Element presents a comprehensive vision and opportunity to guide future mobility related plans, studies and actions. The Mobility Element references differences in current transportation standards, utility practices, and approaches to complete street and multi-modal standards that will support the overarching vision and land use pattern of the Comprehensive Plan. While opportunities exist to adopt guidance that results in streets designed for a range of users and modes, it is important that they be consistent with TxDOT and City standards as applicable. As a result of the Mobility Plan update, the City is updating plans and manuaEs and coordinating between city departments, the NCTCOG, and TxDOT to ensure consistency. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 6-1 Freight movement associated with Denton’s manufacturing and distribution sectors is a key component of the city’s economic base, and as such, an important element to consider in the design of the mobility network. As Denton and its travel demand grows, the city must ensure viable freight access and mobility on its transportation network. Mobility in the Community Vision Statement The Character of Denton • Denton isconsciouslygreen. We area leader in our commitmentto sustainability and we have a significant urban tree canopy, a network of parks and greenways and streamcorridors. • Denton is safe and livable, a hospitablecommunity of friends and neighbors. Our People, Institutions, and Government • The City of Denton government is customer-friendly and prides itself on its transparency and open communication, utilizing modern technology, its efficient provision of public services and facilities, and through its leadership in seeking to realizethe Vision ofDenton’s future The Strength of Our Economy • We leverage our strategic location and multi-modal accessibility in the Metroplex and capitalize on key assets such as the Denton Enterprise Airport. • We value and support our major manufacturing employers and other responsible corporate citizens to ensure their stability, encourage their commitmentto Denton, facilitate their expansion, and leverage their presence by accommodating their suppliers, supporting businesses, and workers, Sound Growth: Strengthening Our Form and Function Throughout Denton we see... • An efficient transportation system with a safe and well-connected road network which accommodates a wide array of mobility options, including walking and bicycling, andtransit. • Special attention paid to our majortravel corridors, both aesthetically and functionally, representing Denton’s character, brand, and excellence. • Infrastructure systems which have undergone well-planned, staged expansion to serve and managethe citys growth. • Parks, greenways, stream corridors, tree canopy, and other natural resources integrating into the fabric of the community and contributing to healthy lifestyles. • Environmental stewardship through water conservation, positive contributions to regional air quality, sustainable development practices, green infrastructure, and renewable energy. 6-2 Mobility Mobility In our rural fringe areas of the city and the Extraterritorial Jurisdiction (ETJ) wesee • Contiguous, staged growth which is fiscally and environmentally sound, reduces fragmentation and sprawl, discourages premature development, and conserves the City’s future growing room. One of the major priorities of the Comprehensive Plan is to maintain elements of its small-town charm, as well as to create new places that are interesting, safe, hospitable, and livable. As streets constitute a large portion of the public realm and are often places where the community comes together, transportation and the design of the street network can play a large role in setting the tone for community character. Additionally, streets can play a strong role in the promotion of a greener Denton by incorporation of green infrastructure in new and retrofitted streets Motor Vehicles Denton is located in the northwest portion of the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex at the convergence of Interstates 35E (from Dallas) and 35W (from Fort Worth). The City is also served by US Highway 380, which is a major east-west connection between Denton County and Collin County in the northern portion of the Metroplex, and US Highway 377, which runs parallel to 1-35W into Fort Worth. 1-35E is the primary route connecting Denton to the heart of the Metroplex to the south and as a result suffers from congestion on a daily basis. Thetravel demand model prepared by the NCTCOG estimates that most workers who live in Denton County commute to jobs outside of the County (approximately three-fourths). An estimated 2.8 million motor vehicletrips are made each day in Denton County. Of these, about one-quarter aretrips made between home and work In 201 2, travel times ranged between 30 to 60 minutes to Fort Worth and 45 to 75 minutes to Dallas during peak commute periods. According to NCTCOG's travel forecasts described in its long-range planning report Mobility 2045 Plan. these travel times will remain generally consistent over the next two decades, although travel times to destinations east of Denton into Collin and Rockwall Counties are expected to increase by approximately 1 0 to 1 5 minutes With the expected increase in both trips and travel times, upgrades to the road infrastructure in and around Denton are required. Widening of 1-35 from the 1-35E/1-35W split to the state line will begin construction in 2023. 1-35W will be also be widened and a frontage road added in another short-term TxDOT project Locally, Denton’s street network is based on a farm-to-market street framework in which several arterials, including US 380, US 377, US 77, FM 426, and FM 428 converge in Denton’s traditional center. Loop 288 (on the east and north sides) and 1-35 (on the south and west sides) form a "loop" around the city. A planned extension of Loop 288 would extend the loop further west and south, which would foster development in those portions of the city. Close coordination and active Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 6-3 engagement with TxDOT is necessary as the alignment may be in conflict with gas wells and underground pipelines that proliferate west of 1-35 Within Denton’s traditional center, including Downtown and surrounding neighborhoods, the grid street network is distributed among local and collector streets, which are well-connected and evenly spaced between the arterials. Further out–cFoser to the loop and beyond–the street network becomes a more disconnected suburban pattern. Residential developments become more internally-oriented and funnel traffic to arterials through one or two connections Commercial uses are typically located at the intersections of arterials and/or extend along arterials in strip fashion Although Denton experiences a large degree of out-commuting, there are several major trip attractors within the city, including: • A cluster of manufacturing and distribution facilities on and near Airport Road just, west of 1-35 • The University of North Texas; • Texas Woman's University, • Several hospitals, including Denton Regional Medical Center, North Texas Hospital, and Presbyterian Hospital; • Rayzor Ranch; and • Denton Towne Center GOAL M-1 : Provide for the safe, efficient movement of motor vehicles, bicycles, and pedestrians in a sustainable way that complements Denton’s planned growth strategy What is the Mobility Plan? The Mobility Plan identifies specific transportation projects and strategies for the City of Denton, including streets and bicycle and pedestrian facilities. It is guided by the goals, policies and actions of the Mobility Element Policies and Actions Mobility Plan: The Roadway Component Map of the Mobility Plan is the guiding document for the development of Denton’s street network. This Plan will not be realized as a result of a single decision or action Rather, it is the cumulative result of a number of decisions spanning various entities and years. As a result, it is essential that plans, policies, and activities that have implications for roads within the city be guided by the Comprehensive Plan 6-4 Mobility Mobility At the local level, this means that the Mobility Plan should be an integral part of the layout of street networks in the site plan review process. It should also be the starting point for road projects as they make their way into Capital Improvement Programs and Plans. At the regional level, the Mobility Plan makes Denton’s case for the inclusion of the city’s priority projects to be funded in the Transportation Improvement Program (TIP), Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP), and ultimately built by private developers, the City, Denton County, TxDOT, or a combination thereof 6.1 Pursue new corridors and improve existing corridors in a manner consistent with the Roadway Compment of Denton Mobility Plan. 6.1.1 6.1.2 6.1.3 Implement the updated Mobility Plan to be consistent with the Future Land Use Map, Coordinate the Capital Improvement Plan (CIP) as a means for pursuing city road projects and streetscape improvements Continuously coordinate the management of the Capital Improvement Plan (C 1 P), Mobility Plan, and the Comprehensive Plan to ensure that policies are coordinated (LU 2.4.1, 2.4.2) 6.1 .4 Advocate for projects in the Mobility Plan to be included in the regional Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and the Transportation Improvement Program (TIP), both maintained by the North Central Texas Council of Government’s (NCTCOG). 6.1.5 Ensure new development is consistent with and preserves new roads and road improvements identified in the Mobility Plan. As part of the development review process, include a check of the Mobility Plan to ensure that adequate provisions for right-of-way have been made. 6.1 .6 6.1.7 Revise the Denton Development Code and related development standards consistent with the updated Mobility Plan Establish a procedure for all roads in Denton to comply with consistent standards that contribute to mobility goals, regardless of whether roads are under control of and/or funded by the City, Denton County, TxDOT, or federal 6.1.8 Coordinate local road expansion with TxDOT plans for the expansion of 1-35E, 1-35, and other TxDOT roadways 6.1 .9 Coordinate regulations regarding gas wells and pipelines with TxDOT plans for the extension of Loop 288 and other major roadways 6.1.10 Continuethe city’swayfinding strategyto guide motorists,bicyclists, and pedestrians throughout Denton, noting key entry points, landmarks, and Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 6.5 destinations. Coordinate with the Citywide Branding and Placemaking Strategy to call out landmarks and destinations as part of this strategy, where feasible 6.1.11 Partner and collaborate with projects that are major trip attractors to develop and implement innovative ways to manage congestion and incentivize best practices for peak management Safety: An important priority for the City is the safety of our citizens as they navigate through our mobility network. Transportation modes can be safer by improving our roadway and multi-modal networks, identifying and mitigating safety risks and promoting safe behaviors 6.2 Implement the Mobility Plan as it relates to safety. 6.2.1 6.2.2 6.2.3 Develop and implement Vision Zero Plan for Denton, refer to the Mobility Plan Design and construct a safe public realm as it relates to mobility (vehicular, bicycle, pedestrian and transit) Research and obtain funding to design and construct a safe public realm 6.2.4 When applicable apply for funding through federal. state, or local safety programs. Connectivity: Well-connected street networks result in more direct routes and shorter travel times, as opposed to a few large, multi-lane arterials which create congested intersections and longer, more circuitous routes. Robust street networks also include smaller streets with less traffic, which are more conducive for walking and cycling. It is important to note that the network does not necessarily have to be provided by the public sector. This network could easily be built as part of private development, as long as it provides connectivity to the external network and it meets applicable design and construction standards 6.3 Promote street networks and connectivity for the efficient distribution and movement of motor vehicles, bicycles, and pedestrians. 6.3.1 Update the Denton Development Code and Transportation Criteria Manual to include connectivity standards for new development that are consistent with the Mobility Plan 6.3.2 6.3.3 Pursue new opportunities to achieve new roadway connections as development opportunities arise. Update the Mobility Plan accordingly, Provide emergency access when designing new residential subdivisions 6-6 Mobility Nobility Mobility and Land Use: Land use has a profound influence on travel behavior. More specifically, how close together or far apart we build our communities and services has a direct effect on our total travel time whether we drive, walk or ride a bicycle. There is also a direct relationship between the compactness of our neighborhoods and the feasibility and efficiency of transit services, The Land Use and Community Character & Urban Design Elements prescribe an Urban Design Plan which facilitates area plans, overlay districts, and infill development that support future land uses, such as mixed-use centers surrounded by compact neighborhoods that are conducive to walking, cycling, riding transit, and short automobile trips. These land uses should be encouraged for their ability to support a balanced transportation system and reduce the amount of demand placed on Denton’s street network. 6.4 Pursue a coordinated land use and mobility strategy to reduce motor vehiclet rip lengths and reduce the need for motor vehicle trips. 6.4.1 Encourage and incentivize new development to include mixed-use and to place homes within walking distance to shopping, education, employment, and entertainment consistent with compact growth framework of the Land UseElement 6.4.2 6.4.3 6.4.4 Implement the Mobility Plan to be consistent with the Future Land Use Map. Coordinate mobility standards to be consistent with public realm right-of-way recommendations within the proposed Urban Design Plan . Use innovative and up-to-date research and methodology to estimate reductions in travel demand when evaluating projects that integrate transportation and landuse Level of Service: n terms of mobility, level of service standards (LOS) are a metric for assessing how well an individual transportation facility or group of facilities (area or corridor) perform. Level of service also refers to the measure by which community facilities are rated and expanded, which are described in other elements of the Comprehensive Plan (see Fiscal and Economic Vitality and Housing and Neighborhoods Elements). The Fiscal and Economic Vitality Element includes a LOS standard for arterial streets (0.14 lane miles per 1 ,000 vehicle miles travelled). While this standard is intended to broadly measure whether Denton’s infrastructure is keeping pace with growth, LOS measures described here are more refined and intended to measure the quality of the user experience. Traffic is just one type of level of service analysis. At the most basic level, roadway LOS is measured using average daily traffic volumes and capacity in terms of vehicles per day More sophisticated measures take into account peak period data, travel time data, network measures, and multiple modes Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 6-7 LOS measures should take into account the balance between mobility and the surrounding context of various places within the city. For example, facilities traversing more rural areas should adopt LOS standards that reflect higher vehicle travel speeds, while facilities in city centers, where the emphasis is less on moving vehicles quickly and more on compatibility with surrounding activities and character should adopt LOS standards where a greater degree of congestion or delay is acceptable. By tracking LOS, Denton can monitor how well the transportation system is performing over time and become aware of any system inefficiencies that must be addressed. The LOS standards can be defined in a number of ways but should be consistent with the city’s Mobility Plan 6.5 Maintain adequate levels-of-=rvice for travel on Denton’s streets. 6.5.1 6.5.2 Develop and adopt LOS standards for all roads and intersections in the city that are appropriate for the surrounding environment Develop a 3- to 5-year review program to track and monitor LOS and system performance at intersections as well as the roadway network along Collectors and Arterials 6.5.3 Pursue the multi-modal LOS concept with future Mobility Plan updates. Access Management: Having good street connectivity is important to a well-functioningt ransportation network. However, street systems with too many access points can create friction which poses safety problems and impedes efficient traffic flows. Access points include driveways, cross-streets, and median openings. Each additional access point increases the potential for conflict, which degrades roadway capacity and increases the chances for collisions Access should be coordinated closely with development. More intense development, where people and activities take priority, should have greater access than in sparsely developed locations where vehicular speed and mobility take precedence. Freeways, by definition, should have very limited access, followed by arterials and then collectors. Limiting access is less of a concern on local streets with less traffic and slower speeds, Closing substandard access points should also be a high priority, The relationship between thoroughfare type and access are shown in Table 6.1 Access management standards can provide specific guidance for the placement of access points For state roads, they should be consistent with TxDOT standards and the City’s should coordinate with the state to accommodate the City’s access standards where applicable, 6.6 Use access management as a strategy for maintaining road safety and capacity. 6.6.1 Continue to utilize the City's access management standards for Collectors and Arterials in the city that meet or exceed TxDOT’s standards. The standards should include a requirement for cross-access between commercial building sites and 6-8 Mobility Mobility within and between developments where appropriate. This access should accommodate bicycle and pedestrians either as part of the driveway/street design or through separate pathways 6.6.2 Develop access management plans for all types of facilities included in the City’s Mobility Plan that are consistent with Area Plans, overlay districts, and other land use plans. The access management plan should identify opportunities for median separation, driveway consolidation, cross access and rear access and corresponding signage. 6.6.3 Evaluate creating criteria for variances to access requirements to ensure deviations from access standards minimally impact LOS goals. Context-Sensitive Street Design: The Comprehensive Plan applies policies for Community Character and Urban Design as a way of both preserving existing places within Denton as well as identifying places the City aspires to create. The resulting places are intended to convey a specific look and feel in terms of layout, form. appearance and functionality. The proposed street network is context-sensitive, meaning the look and feet of the street is reflective of the surrounding land use and activities. Streets that pass-through activity centers place more emphasis on lower vehicle speeds, wider sidewalks, and on-street parking. Roads in rural areas place an emphasis on moving vehicles at higher speeds, which means that objects (trees, people, buildings, etc.) are farther from the road. Design guidelines will guide the various elements of street design, such as lane widths, sidewalk widths, horizontal clearances and curb radii that are appropriate for each context. Table 6.1 shows the relationship between different types of thoroughfares TABLE 6.1 : Relationship Between Thoroughfare Type and Access Less Access 6.7 Develop a streetnetworkt hat is compatible with and enhances Denton's community character when implementing the Mobility Plan. 6.7.1 Develop street design requirements that are consistent with and enhance Community Character and Urban Design goals, policies, and actions through coordination with the proposed Urban Design Plan. (CC 4.11.1 ) Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 6-9 bAg iN A+ H& 6.7.2 Ensure that street design requirements include provisions for context-sensitive solutions that are responsive to the surrounding land use and activities Road Financing: Across Texas and the rest of the nation, regions, and communities are struggting with the issue of how to pay for transportation infrastructure amid stagnant or declining revenues. Projects that have been in the works for years are continually put on hold because of a lack of funds. Regular maintenance is deferred, leading to more costly reconstruction projects down the road The Comprehensive Plan is informed by a Fiscal Impact Analysis, which provides a higher level of assurance that the Preferred Growth Concept will be efficient from a cost and revenue standpoint The City initiated a road impact fee study, as well as updated the Mobility Plan, that represents the first step in getting new development to cover its cost for building new road infrastructure. Beyond those items, there are other actions the City can take to ensure adequate revenue to build and maintain roads: • First, the City should include regular maintenance and reconstruction expenses in addition to construction when estimating road costs. This will help the City ensure there is adequate revenue to keep the transportation infrastructure in good repair for the foreseeable future. •Second, the City should complete a road financing study that considers capital, maintenance and operating costs of all projects in the Mobility Plan and anticipated revenue streams from city, county, state, federal and private sources. Using this information, the City can do two things: phase or scale back the scope of projects when implementing the Mobility Plan to bring it more in line with anticipated revenues; and, pursue new sources of revenue to close any projected gaps. New revenue sources could include additional sales or property tax, public-private partnerships, or developer contributions. 6.8 Ensure adequate revenue to build and maintain roads. 6.8.1 6.8.2 Incorporate the results of the City’s road impact fee study to determine new development's fair share of road costs. Include the cost of regular road maintenance and reconstruction in estimating the cost of building and widening roads. Consider approaches to road construction that minimize lifecycle costs. 6.8.3 Complete a road financing study that considers capital, maintenance, and operating costs of projects in the Mobility Plan and anticipated revenue streams from city, county, state, federal, and private sources for appropriate plan phases (e.g. ten-year increments). Develop strategies for new revenue sources and/or revise the Mobility Plan accordingly, Coordinate recommendations with the CIP 6.8.4 Update the Mobility Plan at least every five years 6-1 0 Mobility Mobility Intelligent Transportation Systems: Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) are defined by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) as the application of advanced sensor, computer, electronics, communication technologies, and management strategies–in an integrated manner–to improve the safety and efficiency of the surface transportation system. In essence, ITS uses technology to enable existing transportation systems to operate more efficiently, often precluding the need to make more costly physical capacity improvements. The City of Denton developed an ITS Plan in 2002 which prescribes several key elements, including a Traffic Management Center (TM C), closed-circuit television (CCTV) monitoring system, dynamic message signs, and signal integration. Over a decade in existence, the Denton ITS Plan should be updated for a number of different reasons First, a number of technologies have emerged subsequent to the plan adoption. For example, adaptive signal technologies now enable street networks to adapt to traffic conditions in real-time. Personal mobile technology have rapidly advanced in the last decade to fundamentally changethe way we receive information Second, NCTCOG has developed a Regional ITS Architecture, which coordinates all ITS activities throughout the region and sets standards and protocols to ensure seamless integration across jurisdictional boundaries. Denton’s ITS Plan should conform to the Regional ITS Architecture ITS will continue to be an important element of Denton’s array of transportation strategies, particularly as the city builds out and large-scale capacity improvements come to end. The ITS Plan is a strategy to implement ITS strategies, 6.9 Engage in ITS strategies as a way of making Denton’s transportation systems more efficient and safer. 6.9.1 Update the Denton ITS Plan to reflect new technologies and to conform to the Regional ITS Architecture, Use the ITS Plan as a guiding document for the planning, programming, and deployment of ITS strategies in the city 6.9.2 6.9.3 Emplement ITS strategies and current trends to improve the efficiency of transportation systems prior to making costly capacity improvements. Pursue local, regional, and state funding for implementing ITS improvements Travel Demand Management: Denton is an integral part of the growing North Central Texas region. Thousands of Denton residents commuteto jobs in places such as downtown Dallas, Fort Worth and around DFW International Airport. In turn, thousands of North Central Texas residents commute every day to Denton’s major employers, such as Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 6-1 1 • A cluster of manufacturing and distribution facilities on and near Airport Road just, west of 1- 35 • The University of North Texas, • Texas Woman’s University; • Several hospitals, including Denton Regional Medical Center, North Texas Hospital, and Presbyterian Hospital; • Rayzor Ranch; and • Denton Towne Crossing Travel Demand Management (TDM) is one strategy to address large commuting populations by providing alternatives to driving alone during rush hours. NCTCOG maintains a regional TDM program, TryParkinglt,com, which offers a wide range of programs, including carpool ride- matching and vanpools to reduce congestion and encourage TDM Denton can encourage major employers in the city to implement TDM programs including carpooling, vanpooling andtelecommuting by providing incentives such as reduced parking requirements, in fact, TDM programs themselves can be considered a benefit because they make commuting more affordable and convenient for employees. Ultimately, Denton should explore the creation of a Transportation Management Association (TMA), a formal organization dedicated to promoting TDM strategies, Such an exploration could address whether it is feasible for Denton to operate a TMA on its own or whether it should be done in partnership with NCTCOG 6.10 Use TDM strategies to make efficient use ofmotorvehicletravel, reduce congestion and impacts on road infrastructure, parking, and the environment and to make transportation more affordable. 6.10.1 Encourage major employers in thecity, including universities, hospitals and others, to participate in TryParkinglt.com, the regional commuter program hosted by NCTCOG 6.10.2 Provide incentives in the Denton Development Code, such as reduced parking requirements, for employers who agree to participate in commuter programs 6.10.3 Create a TMA, separately or in partnership with NCTCOG,to coordinate all TDM efforts in the city and work with major employers and city staff to enforce. Parking: Parking exacts a measurable impact on Denton in terms ofstormwater runoff, community character, and land use efficiency. While the private automobile –and thus parking–will continue to be a major part of the city’s transportation system for the foreseeable future, steps can be taken to mitigate parking-related impacts while meeting Denton’s needs 6-12 Mobility Mobility Denton’s parking standards were first developed to meet the peak demands associated with a suburban pattern of separated land uses, resulting in excess parking in many of the city’s commercial areas. Parking standards based on more recent research on parking rates will help to avoid the creation of excess parking. Additionally, the latest best practices in parking include standards for mixed-use developments where parking is often shared by several different uses that are active at different times of day. Transitioning to new parking methods must be done concurrently with transitioning to more compact, mixed-use development patterns. One cannot come before the other, Reduced parking requirements can be used as an incentive for developments that encourage walking, cycling, and riding transit. Similarly, developments can be incentivized to use pervious or semi-pervious materials in parking lots through reduced stormwater retention requirements. 6.11 Pursue a balanced parking strategythat provides reasonable accommodations and minimizes environmental and land use impacts. 6.11.1 Continueto allow and encouragethe useofpervious or semi-pervious materials where warranted in the construction of parking facilities to further stormwater management goals 6.11.2 Updatethe Denton Development Code and Site Design Criteria Manual accordingly to ensure parking areas in private development are consistent with the proposed Urban Design Plan and overall urban design policies in the Community Character and Urban Design Element 6.11.3 Encourage enactment of special parking requirements and dedicated parking areas for electric vehicles, car charging stations, and car sharing throughout Denton 6.11.4 Continuethe City’s wayfinding strategy to guide drivers to locate parking facilities throughout Denton. Coordinate with the Citywide Branding and Placemaking Strategy to call out landmarks and destinations where feasible. 6.11.5 Incentive reduction of parking facilities, such as for office and industrial developments that offertelecommuting and/orcarpooli ng/vanpooling, and for shared parking facilities in mixed-use developments Transportation Impacts on Air Quality: Air quality, which has suffered as a result of vehicular travel and other factors, is an issue that affects the entire North Texas region. Four of these counties (Denton, Collin, Dallas, and Tarrant) in the Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA) hold nonattainment status for ground-level ozone. The DFW area is classified as a "serious” ozone nonattainment area by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This designation creates both a regulatory compliance reason to take Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 6-1 3 MJ fIA i UA action and a significant health concern for communities within the affected area. The Parks, Conservation and Environment Element describes air quality in greater detail Regional coordination to address mobile emission sources as part of the DFW State Implementation Plan (SIP) is led by the NCTCOG. Denton can continue to engage as a proactive stakeholder in setting regional air quality policy by participating in NCTCOG planning efforts. The NCTCOG recently approved a resolution supporting locally enforced motor vehicle idling restrictions in North Central Texas. As a result, it is encouraging local government adoption of the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality’s (TCEQ) idling limitations rule as well as entrance into a North Texas Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) with the TCEQ. This is one of several policies developed by the NCTCOG to reduce air pollution in the North Texas region. Denton recently adopted an anti-idling ordinance. Facilitating use of alternative transportation options such as transit, buses, bicycles and walking will contribute to decreased air emissions as compared to the use of fossil-fuel powered single- occupancy vehicles. Prioritizing policies that decrease total vehicle use, maximize vehicle efficiency by limiting regular starting and stopping driving practices and simultaneously decreasing idle times will contribute to less air emissions within the community. In other words, less traffic translates into better gas efficiency and decreased emissions. 6.12 Implement a comprehensivetransFDrtation and mobility approach that minimizes air quality impacts. 6.12.1 Participate in NCTCOG airqualityforumsto develop achievable regional policiesto minimize air pollution from Denton’s mobile sources 6.12.2 Coordinate with DCTAand NTCOG to apply for CMAQ and other funding to implement alternative mobility projects to offset vehicle emissions 6.12.3 Adopt the TCEQ idling limitations ruEe and sign a North Texas Memorandum of Agreement with TCEQ as part of a city-wide anti-idling enforcement policy. 6.12.4 Create a partnership with DISDto reduce bus emissions through anti-idling enforcement and strategic route mapping Mobility as Sustainability Framework: Mobility has a great effect on sustainability, mainly as it relates to air quality. The relationship of mobility to land use helps determinethe type of choices that the Denton community can make, which in turns affects commuting patterns and emissions. The polices of the Mobility Element include recommendations for complete streets and context-sensitive design, which will match roadway design with the preferred circulation patterns of the community as it evolves, as well as coordinate recommendations for bicycle, pedestrian, and transit circulation which further contribute to a sustainable mobility framework. 6-14 Mobility Mobility 6.13 Ensurethat Mobilitycontinues to be at the forefront of the sustainabilityframeworkforthe City 6.13.1 Incorporateactions from the Mobility Element to reduce emissions, improves air quality, promotes low and non-polluting methods of transportation to further sustainability in Denton Freight Freight transportation is a key component in the DFW Metroplex, as 98 percent of the mainland U.S. population can be reached from the 1-35 corridor that runs through North Texas. More than 700 trucking carriers and freight forwarders operate within the DFW region, making use of one of the most extensive surface and air transportation networks in the world Several distribution and manufacturing facilities are located within Denton, making it a significant freight generator for the region. Clusters where such facilities are located include: • Airport Road and 1-35W Frontage Road just west of the 1-35W/1-35E interchange • Western Boulevard and US 380 • US 380 and Mingo Road, just east of Loop 288 • Flowers Bakery near Edwards Road and Colorado Road. Discussions with freight operators have revealed thattruck access within the area is a growing concern. Additionally, many of these facilities employ a significant number of workers Transportation issues cited during interviews include congestion/accessibility during shift changes and providing reliable, convenient accessibletransportation options (i.e. public transportation). In addition, Denton is home to the Denton Enterprise Airport, located west of 1-35 in the industrial portion of the city. The Airport’s role is that of a publicly-owned, public-use airport. The Airport is classified in the National Plan of Integrated Airports System (NPI AS) as a General Aviation Reliever airport, providing access to the air transportation system for general aviation aircraft. The Airport completed the Denton Municipal Airport Business Plan in 2010 that highlighted the Airport’s role in attracting and supporting business and creating local jobs. In addition, its proximity to the developing industrial areas in the western part of the city present an opportunity to augment the movement of goods and services through Denton, strengthening its role in freight operations and supporting business development. The Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan update reconfirms highlighting the role of the Airport in coordinated transportation planning, as a key eEement in multi-modal transportation, and as a tool to optimize the movement of goods and services throughout the Metroplex, Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 6-1 5 Strategic expansion of the physical airport property in coordination with long-term viable aviation services for the region will be addressed in detail in the updated Airport Master Plan. Planned proactive property acquisition to avoid inflated real estate costs and participation in public-private partnership agreements to assist with infrastructure and facility development remain of interest to the Airport. Coordination with the Comprehensive Plan to optimize the multi-modal transportation network in Denton through land use and an implementable mobility frameworkthat considers the economic asset of the Airport will directly impact long-term commerce and economic development. Airport planning must also take into consideration the impact and location of gas wells and pipelines. GOAL M-2: Enhance Denton’s economy by supporting the city’s freight network Policies and Actions Freight: The efficient movement of trucks is paramount to the local and regional economy. Facilities that involve freight transport, specifically those found in the Rail and Trucking Component, should play a prominent role in Denton’s transportation priorities and economic development as a whole, in addition, planning for the Denton Enterprise Airport must also be consulted in the development of freight and trucking strategies and specifically addressed in the updated Airport Master Plan Whilethe movement of truck traffic is good for economic activity in general, it may detract from the desire to create walkable, people-oriented streets. The design parameters for efficient truck movement –wide outside lanes. large turning radii, etc.–are not conducive to a walkable environment. Thus, it is best to keep freight routes separate from areas in the city where smaller scale, walkable environments are encouraged. The Future Land Use Map (FLUM) provides a guide on where land uses will be developed throughout the city. The Rail and Trucking Component of the Mobility Plan should be coordinated to ensure that are no conflicts with the furtherance of the goals of the FLUM One concern for expanding freight trucking is its detrimental impacts to air quality. When idling, heavy-duty diesel vehicles produce roughly 1 5 times more emissions than light-duty gasoline vehicles. As discussed in the Transportation Impacts of Air Quality section, Denton recently adopted an anti-idling ordinance. 6.14 Provideforthe safe and efficient movement of freight to preserve and enhance its contribution to Denton’s economy. 6.14.1 Ensurethat truck routes are designed to allow the safeand efficient movement of freight vehicles, in balance with the character of the surrounding community andcoordination with the FLUM 6-1 6 Mobility Mobility 6.14.2 Encourage freight generating land uses, such as manufacturing, warehousing and distribution centers, to be located adjacent to truck routes, rail lines and travelcenters 6.14.3 Removetruck routes from the core of the city, away from more dense areasidentified in the FLUM 6.14.4 Coordinatefreight operations with planning forthe Denton Enterprise Airport as part of the Airport Master Plan update. 6.14.5 Direct hazardous materials/cargo that are being transported through Denton away from heavily populated or environmentally sensitive areas Bicycle and Pedestrian Circulation Improving conditions for walking and cycling, whether to make work locations and other activities more accessible, or to make the city as a whole more walkable, continually emerged as a key priority during all phases of the Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan public engagement process National research confirms that many Americans would prefer to walk and cycle more and drive less, most notably older (65+) and younger (under 35) generations, but feel there are not enough options available to them (source: Future of Transportation National Survey. 201 0) . Additionally, a number of national trends could shape our transportation systems, Rising fuel and road construction costs and declining transportation revenues are some of the factors that may lead more Americans to seek out alternatives to driving. Of particular interest is connectivity between parks and other places of interest. Providing the ability to walkand cycle for recreation is a key part of making Denton a more livable place, Better walking and cycling conditions require that facilities such as sidewalks, bicycle lanes, and multi-use paths are included concurrent with the construction of new roadway facilities and provided as stand-alone projects when viableand necessary. However, facilities alone will not fully create an environment for walking and cycling. A supporting land use pattern that facilitates short trips and promoting community design at a human-scale are also essential ingredients. GOAL M-3: Create a transportation network where residents can walk, bicycle, and use other forms of non-motorized transportation for exercise, recreation, and to get to dailydestinations Policies and Actions Mobility Plan: The Bicycle and Pedestrian Component is an element of the Mobility Plan that identifies specific on- and off-road facilities to make walking and cycling in Denton safe and convenient, and includes guidelines and standards for their design. The City should consult the Mobility Plan when planning, Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 6-17 programming, and designingtra nsportation improvements and coordinate with TxDOT and other transportation partners NCTCOG, as the Metropolitan Planning Organization for the 1 0-county region, also spearheads a significant amount of bicycle and pedestrian planning. NCTCOG’s Regional Veloweb is a 1 .883- mile network of existing and planned off-street, shared-use paths (trails) designed for use by bicyclists, pedestrians. and other non-motorized forms of active transportation in the Dallas-Fort Worth metropolitan area . The network of shared-use paths serves as a system of off-road transportation facilities forbicyclists andother users that extends and completes the region’s roadway and passenger rail transit network. The Regional Veloweb has planned connections in 10 counties and 1 1 7 cities in North Texas, providing an “interstate" for bicyclists and pedestrians. In addition, the City of Denton’s Parks, Recreation and Trails System Master Plan, which is being updated, includes proposed locations for recreational trails and bicycle routes throughout the city to link with parks and open spaces 6.15 Usethe Mobility Plan, Parks, Recreation, and Trails System Master Plan and other regional plansto guide the placement of facilities and educate residents on walking and cycling in Denton 6.15.1 Ensurethat bicycleand pedestrian facilities, as identified in the Mobility Plan, are included in the design of new roads and road improvements. 6.15.2 Ensurethat bicycleand pedestrian facilities are designed consistent with the guidelines and standards established in the Bicycle and Pedestrian Linkage Component of the Mobility Plan 6.15.3 Incorporate NCTCOG regional bicycle plans such asthe Regional Veloweb, into Denton’s bicycle facilities planning, and actively participate in NCTCOG’s Bicycle and Pedestrian Advisory Committee (BPAC) 6.15.4 Continuethe City'swayfinding strategy to facilitate bicycle and pedestrian circulation through Denton. Coordinate with the Citywide Branding and Placemaking Strategy to call out landmarks and destinations where feasible, 6.15.5 Coordinatedepartments and agenciesto implement Mobf//tyP/an, including education efforts such as the Smart Cycling Program, 6.15.6 Designate and maintain the City of Denton as a Bicycle Friendly Community. 6.15.7 Designate and maintain the City of Denton as a Walk Friendly Community. Complete Streets and Context Sensitive Solutions Complete streets refer to the design of roads and other transportation facilities so that they accommodate all users regardless of age or ability. Complete streets are separate from, but related to, context sensitive solutions (CSS). The difference is that CSS speaks more specifically to 6-18 Mobility Mobility designing transportation facilities that are supportive of surrounding land uses and activities. Where possible, the city should build facilities that are both complete streets and context-sensitive Designing for Complete, Green Streets: Today, the design of streets in Denton is driven by the Transportation Criteria Manual. In order to ensure that new streets and retrofits within the city incorporate desired bicycle and pedestrian features, and green infrastructure features, it will be necessary to coordinate an update to the Transportation Criteria Manual consistent with the Mobility Plan, including recommendations of the Bicycle and Pedestrian Linkage Component, complete streets elements, and low-impact design elements based on the guidance of the North Central Texas Council of Government’s (NCTCOG’s) ISWM Criteria Manual for Site Development and Construction that Denton, adopted in 2013 6.16 Ensurethat future road designs incorporate bicycle and pedestrian design features as desired and appropriate. 6.16.1 Updatethe Transportation Criteria Manual to incorporate complete streets elements consistent with the updated Mobility Plan. 6.16.2 Updatethe Transportation Criteria Manual to incorporate low-impact design elements Coordination with New Development: The private realm is just as important as the public realm when it comes to creating environments conducive to walking and cycling. Denton can actively encourage the private sector to build these types of places by incorporating standards into their land development regulations and by offering inducements in the form of incentives. There are a number of materials, such as Best Development Practices: A Primer for Smart Growth, and model ordinances that the city can draw from 6.17 Encourage new development to create pedestrian-and bicyclofriendly places. 6.17.1 Partner and collaborate with public and private entities to include multi-modal features, such as bus shelters and reduced transit rate agreements, by providing incentives for best practices. Such incentives may include: • Reduced parking requirements • Fee credits • Officialrecognitions 6.17.2 Develop access management standards that require adjacent developmentsto connect directly and facilitate easy bicycle and pedestrian travel Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 6-1 9 6.17.3 Encourage new development to provideoff-road trails whereappropriate and feasible. 6.17.4 Establish easementsto allow pedestrian and bicycleaccessthrough private or mixed-use developments, where appropriate, to promote site connectivity and pedestrian circulation Financing the Pedestrian and Bicycle Network: The City should explore how new development can cover its cost for building new road infrastructure, in conjunction with the road impact fee study, to include pedestrian and bicycle facilities. The study should include pedestrian and bicycle accommodations when estimating the cost of building new roads. The study should also look specifically at potential pedestrian and bicycle demand, the cost to satisfy that demand and create a reflective fee structure. The City should also include pedestrian and bicycle facilities as part of a recommended road financing study. The City could then use this information to update the Mobility Plan to phase or scale back the scope of projects and bring it more in line with anticipated revenues and/or pursue new sources of revenue to close any projected gaps. 6.18 Ensure adequate revenue to build and maintain pedestrian and bicycle facilities. 6.18.1 Account for pedestrian and bicycle facilities in the CIP projects. 6.18.2 Pursue pedestrian and bicycle funding and grant opportunities from local, regional state, and federal agencies. Transit Circulation Transit services provided by DCTA continue to be a growing part of Denton’s transportation system by serving patrons in a number of different ways. The A- train provides commuter rail service from two stations in Denton through the Lewisville area into Carrollton, where it connects to a DART light rail station. According to NCTCOG projections, about three-fourths of workers living in the County will commute to jobs elsewhere in the region. The A-train will continue to be an important regional mobility option for Denton residents In addition to a large out-commuter population, Denton also sees a large influx of peopletraveling from across the region into the city daily. These include employees bound for one of the major employers, such as the Denton Regional Medical Center and students, and employees bound forUNT and TWU. In order for the A-train to work for people commuting into Denton, there needs to be good local connections to ultimate destinations from the train stations. In some cases. A-train riders can walk or ride bicycles, but for many destinations, Denton Connect (DCTA’s local transit service) provides that necessary link, Beyond rail station access, Denton Connect also serves many important local transit needs. Most importantly, the UNT campus shuttle service experiences the highest ridership 6-20 Mobility Mobility of any route in DCTA's system. The success of this route should be explored and reviewed to implement in other areas. DCTA has a number of plans to expand transit service, including upcoming adjustments that will provide a shuttle connection between the MedPark A-train station and UNT and a new north-south service that will link Denton with Lewisville, Corinth and Flower Mound, Additionally, DCTA is studying long term options for regional transit service connecting to Denton via US 377 and 1-35W (source: DCTA Long Term Service Plan, 2012) As the city grows, strides must continue to be made so that transit is accessible and convenient to residents, students, workers, and patrons. This can occur through continued enhancements to local and regional transit service, but also through land use and development patterns that are supportive of transit GOAL M-4: Create an environment where transit is convenient and safe for travel both within Denton and to the rest of the region Policies and Actions Transit and Land Use: There is a plethora of research that reveals a direct relationship between compact growth, and transit ridership. Putting residences and jobs within walking distance of a transit station. Reconnecting America, a leading advocate for transit, suggests that viabletransit service – starting with 30-minute bus service – begins at average densities of about seven units per acre This could be achieved through a variety of single-family and multi-family housing types In addition to more compact growth, mixed-use, or putting complementary land uses in close proximity to each other, is also supportive of transit use. The ability to meet basic needs such as errands and dining out, without the use of a car, makes riding transit much more convenient 6.19 Promote a land use pattern that makes transit convenient and feasible. 6.19.1 Encourage and incentivize new development toincludetransit supportive eEements adjacent to existing DCTA stations. This could include development in mixed-use areas, centers, and corridors 6.19.2 Coordinate with DCTAto identify future bus routes and transit stops/stations and develop overlays and area plans in these areas to support transit-oriented mixed- use development Transit and Urban Design: n addition to land use, urban design plays a large role in the viability of transit. For high-impact areas such a rail stations, building placement, parking, and provisions for bicycles are all important transit-friendly features. For developments along existing and planned bus routes, dedicated Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 6-21 locations and facilities for bus stops and safe, convenient and well-lit pedestrian connections are Important These are design enhancements that can be prescribed through land development regulations (base zoning or overlay) and/or design guidelines. As an inducement to incorporating transit- friendly features into site design. the city can offer relaxed parking requirements or density bonuses under the rationale that such features will increase transit ridershipand thus reduce the need for parking and/or offset additional trips created by increased density. When Denton enacts a road impact fee, it may consider offsets as an incentive. 6.20 Encourage new development to create transit-friendly places. 6.20.1 Partner and collaborate with DCTAto develop Area Plans around existing and future DCTA rail stations and BRT fixed routes to include standards and guidelinesfor • Transit amenities • Building placement • Access and egress • Parking (if necessary) • Bicycleand pedestrian linkages. • Localtransit connections Provide incentives for new development to includetransit-friendly features around existing and proposed transit bus stops or pick-up zones. This could include: 6.20.2 • Transit amenities •Relaxed parking requirements. •Density bonuses, •Impact fee offsets Planning for Transit: The City can help to ensure that transit is successful through close coordination with DCTA and other transit providers on new development projects and the retrofitting of the existing transit network and facilities The City should coordinate with DCTA and other transit-related providers on policies within the Comprehensive Plan that could impact their respective service areas. This includes likely transit- supportive areas identified in the FLUM and transit-friendly land development regulations and guidelines. Additionally, the city can provide DCTA and other transit-related interests the opportunity to comment on new development applications 6-22 Mobility Mobility 6.21 Coordinatewith DCTA. 6.21 .1 Participate in long range planning efforts and communicate recommendations for transit-supportive areas and corridors. 6.21 .2 Provide DCTA with the opportunity to comment on new development applications with respect to placement of transit-friendly features and impacts on transit vehicle operations. 6.21.3 Participate in new transit studies and initiatives, such as planning for new locaroutes within Denton and DCTA corridor studies 6.21 .4 Work with DCTAto identify service enhancements and thedevelopment of additional sub-hubs, such as the one at UNT. 6.21 .5 Establish bus pull-offs along existing and planned routes where appropriate 6.21 .6 Work proactively with DCTA to progressively improvetransit service to encourage ridership by choice while ensuring equity for frequent users and vulnerable populations. 6.22 Coordinate with placemaking and cultural promotion strategies. 6.22.1 Continuethe City'swayfinding strategy to helptransit users navigatethroughout Denton 6.22.2 Encouragetheuseof transit to attend events in Denton through the proposed Special Events Integrated Transportation Plan. (CC 4.7.8) 6.23 Explorethe potential for initiating trolley service in Denton. 6.23.1 Perform a study ofthefeasibility of implementing trolley service in Denton. The study should address potential routes, modes (rubber tire, streetcar), operation (city, DCTA, private operators) and funding, Regional Coordination: In addition to direct coordination with DCTA, Denton should continue to be an advocate for regional transit service in general. The City is a member of the Regional Transportation Council and technical committees of NCTCOG, where much of the region’s transit planning occurs. Denton should continue to use its position at NCTCOG and other regional bodies to support the expansion of regional transit service. 6.24 Continueto bean advocatefor regional transit service. 6.24.1 Participate in theNCTCOG/MPO’s Regional Transportation Council,technical committees and other regional bodies to advocate for expanded regional transit service. In particular, those services that expand and enhance regional connections to/from Denton Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 6-23 6.24.2 Continueto promote the use of the A-train to travel outside of Denton, serve commuter travel, and link with DART and other transit-related providers in the Metroplex 6.24.3 Work with DCTAto expand service of the A-train and local routes to increase ridership and better serve the needs and schedules of the population 6-24 Mobility Housing and Neighborhoods Overview By 2040, housing and neighborhood choices will expand and diversify, guided by the policies described below and through partnerships with neighborhood organizations, major employers, non-profits, and development interests. The policies that follow address the retention of the existing housing stock, as well future housing development, consisting of the following primary housing segments: • Existing neighborhoods in the urban coreand developed partsofthecity • Housing in existing and emerging mixed-use centers and corridors, including Neighborhood/ University Compatibility Areas • New development at and beyond the suburban fringe, including the City’s large Master Planned Communities (M PCs) Housing and neighborhoods are closely related and directly impact a community’s quality of life. All Denton residents need housing that is sound, affordable, and suitable for their household and locational preferences. Neighborhoods should be safe and provide a connection to the larger community with convenient access to schools, parks, shopping, and amenities. Characteristics that enhance livability, such as connection to pedestrian and bicycle networks, access to transit, shared spaces, architectural variety, and local businesses, are becoming increasingly valued by some segments of the population To establish neighborhoods of choice, Denton should encourage a range of housing options and forms that are complemented by community facilities, including schools and parks, and neighborhood-serving commercial uses (ex. coffee shops and neighborhood grocery stores) Additionally, Denton’s development standards should reflect the market’s increased expectations for higher quality aesthetics and design in housing and neighborhoods, including features that promote neighborliness, health, and safety. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 7-1 \r\A /A\IA i Hid Finally, complete, balanced, and sustainable neighborhoods are served by neighborhood programs that aid those who live in the community, including communities in need. This includes services for youth, seniors. and people with disabilities, and encapsulates not only services provided by the City and organizations, but opportunities for volunteering, allowing the community members of Denton to support one another in times of need. The establishment of these community connections will establish resilient and prosperous neighborhoods for the future. Housing and Neighborhoods in the Community Vision Statement The Character of Denton • Denton is safe and livable, a hospitablecommunity of friends and neighbors Our People, Institutions, and Government • We retain our sense of community and shared values, while welcoming new arrivalsand celebrating growing diversity. • We are committed to fairness and equitableaccess to opportunity in education, community services, jobs, and government representation • All generations, of both natives and newcomers, are deepV rooted in the community and are actively engaged in its betterment through volunteer participation with faith-based, civic, and/or neighborhood organizations and service on local government boards andcornrnlsslons • The City of Denton is a healthy, family-friendlycommunity which sees its youth as its most valuable resource; a resource worthy of investment in education, healthful recreation, and opportunities for challenging and rewarding employment and engagement in civic affairs. • The City of Denton has integrated, reconciled, and streamlined its plans, processes, policies. and regulations for consistency, clarity, and effectiveness. Sound Growth: Strengthening Our Form and Function Throughout Denton we see... • M anaged, balanced, and sustainable growth in high-quality, livable urban, suburban, and rural places which offer diverse choices among neighborhood settings while respecting private property rights • A compact development pattern which includes expanded areas of mixed use, a broad array of housing and retail choices responding to changing demographics and market preferences, and re-investment and infill in underutilized areas of the city. 7-2 Housing & Neighborhoods Housing & Neighborhoods In the core of Denton we see... • A vibrant Downtown Denton, energized with new housing, shopping, arts. and entertainrrent, supporting day and nighttime activity and a true urban lifestyle – Dentonstyle • Established neighborho(Hs where revitalization and compatible infill development contributes to stable, livable, and historic character, and fosters neighborhood pride and homeownership • Thriving universities where coordinated planning and collaborations between the City and the academic communities creates mutually beneficial, stable, and healthy neighborhood edges and where the non-academic community benefits from the vast educational and cultural resources in close proximity. Housing and Neighborhoods in Denton As of 2018, the City of Denton had approximately 55,701 dwellings: 58 percent of which were single-family and 42 percent were multi-family. Denton’s proportion of multi-family housing is higher than the typical North Texas community, due largely to the influence of university students, With a combined enrollment of just over 51 ,000 students, the majority of which reside off-campus, students are a major segment of the local housing market. During the five-year span prior to the 2008 recession (2001 -2006), Denton experienced a housing boom with 6,714 single-family units constructed. Like the rest of the nation, the 2008 recession impacted Denton’s housing sector; however, the single-family residential market has continued to recover, adding 2,205 homes between 2007 and 201 2 and 4,000 homes between 201 6 and 2020 Apartments are necessary to provide the diversity and amount of housing for a growing city such as Denton, but the quality of construction, design, and maintenance of the properties are key issues affecting the city on many levels. The condition of some of the city’s older multi-family housing is a continued concern, as indicated by a high vacancy rate (6.7 percent). Since the adoption of Denton Plan 2030, affordable housing has become more significant issue, in 2020, a housing needs assessment was developed for the City of Denton for a ten-year period, between 2021 and 2031 . This assessment, the Affordable Housing Needs & Market Value Analysis, provides strategies to address housing needs in the City. While housing in Denton is generally more affordablethan elsewhere in the region, household incomes in Denton are also lowerthan other areas in the region. As a result, a high proportion of Denton households are considered "cost burdened,” that is, they are paying more than the 30 percent of household income toward housing – the standard of housing affordability. In 201 5, approximately 6,845 households spent morethan 30 percent of their gross income on rent/mortgage and utilities and over 66 percent of those households were spending more than 50 percent. Consequently, even "affordable housing" remains too expensive for some, forcing difficult trade-offs regarding the costs of health care, childcare, and food. The analysis also includes a newer metric the "Housing and Transportation Index (H&T Index) which is a measure of affordability that considers housing Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 7-3 and transportation costs. An affordable H&T share is when both categories make up less than 45% of total income. As of 2017, nearly 71 % of Denton households are spending more than 45% of their income on housing and transportation costs. Denton also has a high rate of homelessness, with roughly half of homeless individuals unsheltered, In response to this need, Denton has chosen a policy of providing subsidized housing through partnerships with non-profits and with developers using low-income tax credits to finance projects, as well as establishing partnerships with landlords who accept Section 8 Vouchers, rather than concentrating dependent households in public housing developments. Denton's Community Development Division works to provide affordable housing by leveraging a budget comprised of federal, state, and local funding, in coordination withthe Denton Affordable Housing Corporation and non-profits such as Habitat for Humanity of Denton County. Denton's supply of subsidized housing includes three affordable housing developments managed by the Denton Housing Authority, as well as in privately-owned homes and apartments accepting Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers. which allow rent payments to be set based on income. While meeting the needs of students and lower-income households for affordable housing is critically important for Denton, maintaining the stability of, and promoting re-investment in, the city’s older neighborhoods is a priority as well. To address issues of neighborhood stability, strategies for neighborhood conservation are needed, including the promotion of mixed-income housing (areas that contain both market rate and affordable units), re-investment in compatible infill housing (development of new housing in within developed areas of the city), efforts to promote greater levels of home ownership, and targeted code enforcement by the City’s Cornrnunity Improvement Services Division. In addition, a rental housing inspection and registration program should be considered to ensure that rental dwellings are properly maintained for habitability Wh ilethe maintenance of quality, affordable housing and the livability of Denton’s neighborhoods is a primary concern, another issue is to anticipate future housing needs as the city’s population grows and ages by 2040. One key factor is the demographic shifts already underway, resulting in changing consumer preferences for housing and neighborhoods. Many retiring, empty nesters are opting to downsize from their single-family homes, At the same time, younger generations just entering the job market are also entering the housing market. Trends nationally have shown that many in both groups prefer smaller homes, including townhomes and apartments, in walkable, more urban scale mixed-use neighborhoods rather than conventional suburban subdivisions. This dynamic of changing demographics and preferences raises issues related to planning for future housing development. The shift in housing preferences is an opportunity to attract middle and upper income, home-owning households to support market rate, infill housing development, bringing about re-investment and a mixed income balance that is at the core of neighborhood conservation and revitalization in Denton’s urban core neighborhoods. Key targets are Downtown Denton and Compatibility Areas surrounding Downtown and the UNT and TWU campuses, as well as areas designated for Business Center of the Future Land Use Map (FLUM). One specific 7-4 Housing & Neighborhoods Housing & Neighborhoods opportunity is the trend emerging nationally for housing marketed to retirees who are relocating to reside near their alma maters to pursue opportunities for lifelong learning Housing Choice GOAL HN-1: Develop and maintain a housing stock that meets the needs of all residents with a diverse array of choices in type, cost, and location Policies and Actions Downtown and University Housing: Downtown Denton and its neighborhood edges, together with the campuses of UNT and TWU and their surrounding neighborhoods, make up Denton’s urban core. While there has been some success in attracting high density and mixed-use development Downtown, there is an opportunity to re-focus the Downtown Master Plan and associated Downtown Implementation Plan (DTI P) to identify priorities to stimulate development of additional downtown housing, both as new infill and as adaptive re-use (adaptation of historic buildings to new use) of older buildings and upper floorsabove commercial uses. The neighborhoods surrounding both Downtown and the two universities have been impacted by factors such as commuter traffic, student housing, parking overspills, and by property acquisition for campus expansion, all of which can disturb neighborhood stability. Denton’s urban core is also where the bulk of the city’s Section 8 and other subsidized housing is located. Additional Area Plans are needed for the Neighborhood/ University Compatibility Areas to identify items such as: redevelopment targets, incentives for re-investment, infill, and homeownership; land use and housing mix; compatibility and scale; parking policy; walkability; and transit access. The Area Plans will also be used to guide zoning and other regulatory adjustments which may be implemented with additional Overlay Districts. Area Plans and Overlay Districts are recommended for targeted centers and corridors outside the urban core. Since area planning targets those areas of the city expected to change in use or character over time, areas which are expected to remain sound and stable over time would generally not be targeted for area planning 7.1 Promote development of higher density housing as part of mixed-use development in Denton’s urban core, including Downtown, the Neighborho(xi/University Compatibility Areas, and in designated centers and corridors outside the urban core. 7.1.1 Update the Downtown Master Plan and Downtown Implementation Plan (DTIP) to specifically discuss residential development, 7.1 .2 7.1.3 Create a Area Plan adjacent to the Downtown and at key centers and corridors Create regulatory incentives to expand housing in and adjacent to Downtown through adaptive re-use, utilization of upper stories, and infill development Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 7-5 a /\All Ai UA41 7.1.4 7.1 .5 Partner and collaborate with the universities to create Neighborhood/ University Compatibility Area Area Plans around UNTand TWU, integrated with the updated Downtown Master Plan and updated Downtown Implementation Plan, Partner and collaborate with the universities to establish protocols forjoint city – university planning within the Neighborhood/University Compatibility Areas, focusing on issues such as • Creation of redevelopment target areas surrounding blighted properties • Regulation of on-street and off street parking • Pedestrian and bicycleimprovement • Community gathering places and open space 7.16 Establish Overlay Districts to apply revised development standards tailored to specific centers and corridors. Affordable Housing: The 2021 Affordable Housing Needs and Market Value Analysis Report identifies that home prices are increasing rapidly in Denton (38% appreciation in the last 5 years) which is putting housing out of reach of many moderate-income and low-income households. Rents have also increased however generally remain affordable to moderate income households and unaffordable to low- income households. With housing demand expected to increase over the next five years, providing diverse housing options in a variety of densities, styles, and price-points is critical to increasing the affordability of housing in Denton. According to the City’s 201 5-201 9 Consolidated Plan for Housing and Community Development, Denton has a higher percentage of subsidized affordable housing than neighboring communities The Denton Housing Authority (DHA) formed in 1970 oversees the needs of low- and moderate- income Denton residents by providing subsidized housing utilizing Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers funded by the U.S. Department of housing and Urban Development (HUD). These vouchers, of which the City administers 1 ,600, allow qualified low- and moderate-income residents to reside in houses, apartments, and mobile homes with below market rent payments, which is set at 30 percent to 40 percent of household income. Section 8 Vouchers may also be used to purchase, rather than rent, a home. DHA owns/or operators 634 affordable housing units at five locations (Heritage Oaks Apartments, Pecan Place Apartments, Eighteen51 Brinker, The Verranda, and Renaissance Courts Townhomes) throughout the City, and has another 270 units of workforce and market rate housing under construction. According to the 201 6 Q4 Picture of Subsidized Households (PSH) database, the housing authority's voucher prog ram has an annual turnover of 6% having issued approximately 238 vouchers in the past year. The average voucher holder has received housing benefits for 7 years and 11 months. According to the 201 6 PSH database, persons who were issued a voucher in the preceding 12 months waited an average of 7-6 Housing & Neighborhoods Housing & Neighborhood 25 months on the waiting list While the Denton Housing Authority manages housing properties, funding and grants are administered through Denton's Community Development Division, Two primary means of funding are through the federal funding programs of Community Development Block Grants (CDBG), which Denton receives as an Entitlement City, and through the Home Investment Partnerships (HOME) program. Guiding the strategic use of this funding are the five- year strategies contained in the 201 5-2019 Consolidated Plan for Housing and Community Development. Key areas of focus include a Homebuyers Assistance Program, a Home Improvement Program, and a Minor Repair Program to assist renters as well as owners. Related programs such as infrastructure improvement, anti-poverly, human services, and continuum of care strategies to address homelessness are also provided. Much of Denton’s subsidized housing is concentrated in relatively few areas of the city, contributing to socio-economic segregation and pockets of poverty. Consequently, efforts should be made to promote a broader distribution of subsidized dwellings in mixed income housing developments and neighborhoods to avoid pockets of poverty, 7.2 Expand the availability of affordable housing choices for community members most in need of housing, includingt hose with low incomes and special needs. 7.2.1 Support expansion of the availability of affordable housing for low-moderate income residents through policies for mixed income neighborhoods and housing development. 7.2.2 Assess the future feasibility of continuing efforts of the Community Development Division to utilize grant funding targeted to address the needs of low-moderate incomes and distressed neighborhoods, with future action priorities adjusted based on community input for consistency with neighborhood conservation strategies for mixed income housing and neighborhoods 7.2.3 Update the Consolidated Plan for Housing and Community Development every five years to continually gauge the housing needs of Denton’s low income and special needs populations. 7.2.4 7.2.5 Partner and collaborate with local organizations and within the City to improve connections between home-related program resources and potential recipients and neighborhood groups Assess the future feasibility of a rental housing and multi-family inspection and registration program to ensurethat rental dwellings are properly maintained for habitabitity and that existing rental units are not considered an impediment to fair housing in the community Homelessness: As of June 2020, Denton's homeless population was estimated to be approximately 362 individuals, and between March 2019 and February 2020, the average length of time people spent Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 7-7 experiencing homelessness in Denton County was 9 months. The City is the recipient of a Federal Emergency Solutions Grant (ESG), which is used by the Community Development Division to address the issue of homelessness in Denton. These efforts include collaboration with the Denton County Homeless Coalition (DCHC) and other local charitable organizations: Christian Community Action, Denton County Friends of the Family, Giving HOPE, Inc,, and the Salvation Army Denton, who provides funds for Street Outreach. Emergency Shelters, Homelessness Prevention, and Rapid Re-Housing services to the homeless and those at risk of homelessness. In 2020, the City of Denton purchased a building to serve as the new headquarters and shelter for the Junction, an organization formed to care for those experiencing homelessness. It is anticipated that the building will be in operation by December of 2022 7.3 Expand the availability of affordable housing choices for community members most in need of housing, includingthe homeless. (DP p.122) 7.3.1 Support efforts of the Denton County Homeless Coalition to address the needs of Denton's homeless population. 7.3.2 Partner and collaborate with Denton County Homelessness Leadership Team, Denton County Behavioral Health, and Denton County Public Health Department and other organizations and agencies to address mental illness needs which significantly contribute to homelessness. 7.3.3 Explore best practices to bring innovative types of housing for the homeless to Denton Senior Housing: National studies have demonstrated the tremendous value of retaining and attracting middle- and upper- income retired seniors. They support the property and sales tax base, contribute to local charities, and do not compete for jobs or exert demands for schools and most other public services and facilities. The Community Development Division and the Denton Housing Authority currently have programs to support low- and moderate-income housing for seniors, such as Pecan Place Apartments, located in Downtown Denton, Although Denton is hometo Dogwood Estates, Robson Ranch, and other market rate senior or active adult housing, there is the potential to attract additional senior living communities by working in collaboration with local medical institutions and real estate development interests. 7.4 Expand the availability of housing choicesfor existing and potential community members most in need of housing, including seniors. 7.4.1 Encouragethe development of options for senior housing and housing for persons with disabiFities with a variety of unit types and cost choices, including ADA- accessible and active adult settings 7-8 Housing & Neighborhoods Housing & Neighborhoods 7.4.2 Partner with organizations and agencies to provide assistance and connect needs and resources for seniors and people with disabilities to be able to maintain single family homes and properties if they are able to live independently. Expanding Homeownership: Denton’s Community Development Division provides assistance to facilitate homeownership through its Homebuyer Assistance Program (HAP) to aid first time homebuyers who qualify for Section 8 Vouchers, as well as its Home Improvement Program (HIP)providing counseling assistance for homeowners regarding repairs and maintenance. In addition, the Denton Affordable Housing Corporation (DAHC) provides opportunities for homeownership for low- and moderate- income households through its Affordable Housing Opportunity Program (AHOP). As effective as these programs are. the need appears to be greater than the available resources. Therefore, the City should pursue additional opportunities to support expanded rates of home ownership. Three opportunities are identified. One is to expand the activity of Habitat for Humanity of Denton County (HHDC) in building infill single-family homes for sale to low- to moderate-income Denton households with zero interest mortgages. As has been done in other communities, the City should partner with HHDC to build a certain number of infill dwellings annually in targeted distressed neighborhoods. This could entail the acquisition by the City of infill blighted or tax delinquent lots and their transfer to HHDC in return for an agreed upon construction schedule. This would serve multiple purposes, including removing blighting influences and adding to neighborhood stability through greater home ownership Because a significant component of the housing market is related to university housing of students, faculty, and staff, the universities could play an important role in expanding home ownership opportunities, particularly in neighborhoods that make up the Neighborhood/ University Compatibility Areas. The universities could also make special programs available to first-time homebuyers and alumni. In addition, consideration should be given to establishing an urban homesteading program in which tax delinquent or abandoned residential structures could be acquired by the City and sold for a nominal sum to individuals who agree to occupy and bring property conditions up to Code, thus eliminating blighting influences, These homes would be made available for sale to qualified low-moderate income first-time home buyers as well 7.5 Support expanded opportunities for home ownership to encourage neighborhood stability and reduce blight. 7.5.1 7.5.2 Expand partnerships with nonprofit housing providers to encourage homeownership. Encourage UNT, TWU, and other major employers to provide financial incentives for home ownership, particularly in adjacent neighborhoods Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 7-9 Housing Variety: While a major focus of housing and neighborhoods is in promoting affordable housing options for Denton's low-to moderate- income residents and promoting neighborhood stability and reinvestment, there are also opportunities to promote housing development innovation in urban, suburban, and rural contexts. While Denton’s single-family neighborhoods and subdivisions serve the large proportion of households that prefer this housing choice, demographic shifts currently underway are beginning to change housing preferences. Specifically, retired empty-nesters , and young professionals increasingly prefer smaller, apartments, condos, lofts, and townhomes in compact walkable locations. While Denton has a large supply of apartments, much of it is older, poorly designed, and not properly maintained. Consequently, there is a need to promote development of a broader array of higher-quality housing options including townhomes and other forms of attached dwellings, as well as mid-rise apartments, condominiums and lofts, and work- live units. These should be targeted within Downtown, Neighborhood/University Compatibility Areas and in redeveloping centers and corridors and other locations where such development would not impact established single-family neighborhoods. Outside of Denton's urban core are a number of designated centers and corridors which are targeted to undergo redevelopment from primarily commercial or undeveloped areas to a mixed- use character, incorporating moderate and high-density residential uses in walkable patterns near transit and employment. The means of reinvigorating these areas begins with the creation of Area Plans. Area Plans will identify opportunities and strategies for the introduction of housing as an element of mixed-use, adjusted to the context of each area, as described in the Land Use and Community Character and Urban Design Elements. The Community Vision Statement refers to the vision of Denton’s rural fringe as one where scenic rural character is retained with protected open space. greenways along with agricultural and ranch tands. Conservation Development is an approach to the design of rural residential subdivisions which is highly suited to agricultural fringe areas where the retention of rural character and open space is desired 7.6 Encourage innovative housing development in mixed-use centers and corridors, Master Planned Communities (M PCs), andthrwgh residential development in rural areas that protects rural character. 7.6.1 Establish procedures to facilitate revisions to the land use mix and design of MPCs including • Incorporation of compact, mixed-use, and walkable development patterns which can reduce household transportation costs • The integration ofarea-widetrails, greenways, and green infrastructureelements 7-1 0 Housing & Neighborhoods Housing & Neighborhoods • A mix of housing types to reflect changing demographics and housing preferences •Improved architectural and neighborhood design features 7.6.2 Promote Conservation Development (clustered housing) in Rural Agricultural and Rural Residential areas, with permanently protected open space in conservation easements, as an alternative to large lot suburban development. Improved Quality of Housing and Neighborhoods: Increasingly, communities within the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex, as well as nationally, must compete to become communities of choice based on the quality and aesthetics of housi ng, as well as design characteristics that foster neighborliness. Specific tools could include design guidelines to avoid patterns of architectural uniformity and monotony through details such a front porches facing neighborhood streets and open spaces, rather than lines of garage doors. Likewise, at a larger scale, the clustering of homes around shared open space or gardens, a concept known as "Pocket Neighborhoods" promotes a sense of community as well as security. Involving residents in neighborhood planning exercises can identify opportunities for enhancing livability and promoting a sense of neighborhood ownership 7.7 Establish tools and strategiesto enhance the quality and character of housing and neighborhoods. 7.7.1 7.7.2 Create residential design standards to improve aesthetic quality and variety, including architectural features. such as porches and other design elements Create subdivision and neighborhood design standards incorporating best practices, such as cFustering homes around shared open space (Pocket Neighborhoods) and other components of traditional neighborhood design (TN D) including use of rear alleys and orientation to streets with sidewalks and streettrees 7.7.3 Conduct participatory neighborhood planning efforts in neighborhoods to address opportunities to enhance character and livability Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 7-1 1 Neighborhood Conservation GOAL HN-2: Ensure the continued viability of Denton’s established neighborhoods through thoughtful conservation Policies and Actions Neighborhood Conservation: Neighborhood conservation is an important themethroughout Denton. Denton's Community Development Division has periodically conducted targeted inventories of exterior building conditions in some of Denton’s older neighborhoods. To expand efforts, Denton needs a comprehensive neighborhood conservation program to promote neighborhood stability, Such a program would begin with a Housing and Neighborhood Condition Inventory to identify patterns of stability, as well as patterns of decline and disinvestment. Specific conditions to be inventoried include building condition, tenure (owner/renter) and code violations, as well as livability factors such as crime statistics, traffic conditions, walkability, and proximity to parks, schools, and healthy food. Because the principal purpose of a neighborhood conservation program is to encourage investment and stability, neighborhood associations should be encouraged to participate in the surveying effort and to contribute to conservation strategies. A principal means of reversing neighborhood decline is infill development, that is, new development on vacant or redeveloped properties. In addition to expanding the quantity of sound housing and strengthening the tax base, infill development offers the opportunity to broaden housing choice. For example, the introduction of high-quality townhomes in or adjacent an established, predominantly single-family neighborhood can serve to attract first-time homebuyers, as well as relocating retirees who may desire a smaller, more low-maintenance home. However, such infill development may be impeded by zoning districts that do not provide for flexibility for varying housing types and lot sizes. Therefore, the Future Land Use Map (FLUM) should be used in conjunction with the City’s housing goals to guide re-zonings to allow for infill development while maintaining appropriate scale and density in single-family neighborhoods To address potential neighborhood concerns about the impact of infill development, guidelines that define neighborhood compatibility issues such as density, design and scale are included in the Community Character and Urban Design Element. The mechanisms of the Area Plan enable more particular design guidelines to be developed for key neighborhoods. As some older neighborhoods in need of infill may also have historic designations or character, policies for neighborhood conservation and historic preservation should be aligned Additional tools for neighborhood conservation can be both "defensive" and "proactive" in nature Defensive mechanisms include preventing “spillover” impacts from adjacent corridor and center development, and from capital investments such as road widenings, Also, neighborhood conservation must address any impacts of concentrations of rentals and subsidized housing in reducing property values and homeownership, Conversely, there are proactive measures to 7-12 Housing & Neighborhoods Housing & Neighborhoods promote neighborhood stabilization and conservation. These include historic district designations to protect character and make available renovation tax credits, as well as urban homesteading and employer-assisted first-time homebuyer programs described below. In neighborhoods which do not qualify for historic district designations and where present zoning may not ensure compatible infill development, neighborhood stabilization overlay districts may apply. These overlay districts would modify underlying zoning requirements for such factors as front and side setbacks, garage placement and building height. 7.8 Promotet he stability and livability of established neighborhoods thralgh a comprehensive neighborhood conservation program. 7.8.1 7.8.2 Partner with neighborhood associations to create a Housing and Neighborhood Condition Inventory and monitoring strategy. Prevent impacts and encroachments of incompatible uses, development scales, and intensities through adherence to the established land use standards and urban design principles. 7.8.3 Apply neighborhood conservation strategies, such as targeted code enforcement, housing rehabilitation, clearance of blighted properties, and the encouragement of mixed income housing and neighborhoods. 7.8.4 7.8.5 7.8.6 Update transportation, infrastructure, and subsidized housing plans and policies that are inconsistent with neighborhood conservation policies Couple neighborhood conservation strategies with local Historic Districts, Historic Conservation Districts, and Neighborhood Stabilization Overlay policies Review the policies and priorities contained in the Consolidated Plan for Housing and Community Development and the policies of the Community Development Division, the Denton Housing Authority, and the Denton Affordable Housing Corporation for consistency with neighborhood conservation strategies 7.8.7 Partner and collaborate with Denton County and DISD regarding the development of infill lots that have been abandoned and are tax-delinquent as housing, community gathering places, or community gardens Schools and Community Facilities As the city increases in population, additional community facilities to support community services will be designed and constructed. Facilities will be designed to enhance the community, contribute to aesthetics in urban design and provide functionatity to users. Such facilities include schools, libraries, recreation and community centers, and senior centers. Facilities may also refer to government uses such as utilities and landfills, which are discussed in the Infrastructure and Utilities Element. The community facilities discussed in this Element pertain to the establishment and maintenance of well-served and balanced neighborhoods. Facilities can positively contribute Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 7-1 3 bAa il M H& to building a strong social network through thoughtful placement, siting and design, and coordinated management Schools Quality of education and community facilities are often voiced as a priority for residents in any community. The Denton Independent School District (DISD), ranked the number one fastest- growing school district in North Texas, administers public education throughout most of Denton, except for small portions of the city lying within the Argyle, Sanger, and other districts. The DISD’s service area includes three high schools, six middle schools, 21 elementary schools, two early childhood centers, an alternative high school, an Advanced Technology Complex, and other specialized schools and centers. The school district is challenged with continuing their level of service to area students in a climate of population growth and increasing responsibility mandated by the State of Texas. Within the district’s 1 80 square miles, Denton ISD currently has 55 actively building subdivisions with 42 future subdivisions and about 4,900 future multi-family units in the planning stages, according to the district which posted its highest student enrollment numbers ever this year with 32,309 students registered for the 2021 -22 school year, Recent residential development had been located within the Denton Independent School Districts These two districts contained almost all of the urbanizi ng areas and were expected to experience most of the projected residential growth over the next several years, As development continues to occur in Denton, DISD must keep pace with this activity. Additional schools need to be constructed in areas of new growth. Keeping up with demand is the greatest challenge to the DISD at present, but due to a proactive operations strategy, the District currently conducts 20-year projections to anticipate future needs. In addition to meeting student need, it is important that schools are sited appropriately in order to further sustainability and mobility goals, and a compact development pattern. In addition, existing schools will need upgrades in established parts of the city that will experience increased densification and population growth. Currently, school siting is highly influenced by private development as land for elementary schools is typically donated by developers, knowing that high quality schools make a neighborhood attractive for homeownership. Conversely, the siting of new schools has had a significant impact in driving devefopment patterns, as proximity to good schools is a key factor in demand for housing. This can be seen in the impact of schools outside the city limits near U.S. 380. Planning for new schools, as well as maintaining existing schools in the urban core, is especially important for encouraging reinvestment and development in a compact pattern so that existing schools do not diminish in quality and standards as newer facilities open. DISD is already furthering sustainability goals, having recently adopted a Safe Routes to Schools and a Sustainable Schools Program, however, policies for school siting need to achieve a shift in development patterns and housing choice. The goals and policies of this Element will ensure that the planning of new school facilities will be coordinated with the overarching goals for the Comprehensive Plan. 7-14 Housing & Neighborhoods Housing & Neighborhoods Community Facilities The provision of community facilities such as libraries, community centers, and senior facilities are important for maintaining balanced neighborhoods with a range of services. The City of Denton has three library facilities: the Emily Fowler Central Library, the North Branch Library, and the South Branch Library. The library system offers a wide range of services for Denton residents including early and remedial literacy instruction, electronic resources, internet access, and educational training. Materials in a variety of formats are available for checkout remotely or in person. Libraries serve as community anchors with free meeting space for group, quiet study areas, and structured programs for lifelong learning A new 33,000 square-foot branch library is proposed for southwest Denton off of Vintage Road and Bonnie Brae. The area is anticipated to be a multi-department service point including facilities from Fire, Parks, and Libraries. Acquisition of land for a fifth library site in a strategic location will ensure accessibility from all points across the city. As a trusted entity, the library can act as a catalyst for government, community, and neighborhood interaction. Denton has two senior centers that serve as locations for the offering of programs, services, and activities designed for adults age 50 and older. Classes and programs include arts and craft classes, cooking classes, foreign language classes, fitness classes, outdoor adventures, and day trips. The two locations are the American Legion Hall, located in eastern Denton, and the Denton Senior Center, located within the Downtown Denton also oversees three community centers located throughout the city. These includethe Denia Recreation Center, the Martin Luther King Jr. Recreation Center, and the North Lakes Recreation Center. These facilities offer a wide range of education and fitness programs as well as places for events and gathering. They are excellent resources for furthering community health goals, fostering community unity and pride, and providing sense of place in individual neighborhoods. Specific goals and polices related to recreation centers are contained in the Parks, Conservation and Environment Element. Community facilities are important for creating vibrant neighborhoods and as physical facilities key to carrying out social programs. These centers for community gathering should continue to offer co-location opportunities for a variety of activities and programs which foster community interaction. Future facilities should be planned in order to serve additional neighborhoods as the city expands. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 7-1 5 GOAL HN-3: Maintain and improve the livability of Denton’s neighborhoods through provision of adequate schools and community facilities Policies and Actions New and Upgraded Facilities: Ultimately the viability and stability of a neighborhood is dependent on its desirability and livability, with the least desirableand livable becoming concentrations of households without choices or the resources to relocate to more desirable locations. Schools and community facilities are important factors contributing to neighborhood desirability and therefore are important to provide and maintain to encourage neighborhood stability. Throughout the Postwar Housing Boom, preferences favored the proliferation of single-family homes on larger suburban lots, which were more attractive for families. As housing preferences and families favored suburban neighborhoods, schools followed suit and investment in urban schools and community facilities diminished. Housing preferences are now changing, largely coinciding with demographic shifts, namely those who are retiring and those entering into the labor and housing markets. Established traditional neighborhoods are now able to compete with outlying suburban development if expectations for livability are met, Increasingly, these expectations are for greater walkabil ity to schools, community facilities, parks, cultural attractions, restaurants, and corner stores, coupled with the better management of nuisances such as traffic, noise, and blight. Although the characteristics of the urban lifestyle are appealing to many, maintaining the quality of schools and facilities in these areas is a challenge which must be overcome to support an urban lifestyle for al demographics, in a growing community such as Denton, the building of new facilities must be balanced with the maintenance of existing facilities in the urban core to encourage a balance of viable neighborhoods throughout. 7.9 1 m prove the livability of Denton’s existing neighborhoods with investments in improved infrastructure, schools, community facilities, and public amenities. 7.9.1 Link programming of plans for public investments in parks, schools, and community facilities consistent with neighborhood conservation strategies, andArea Plans 7.9.2 Provide opportunities to improve public safety, health, and well-being such as: • Improved walkability with sidewalks in all neighborhoods, and the prioritizationof "Safe Routes to School.” • Expanded access to parks and recreation, including development of abandoned properties as pocket parks and community gardens • Improved neighborhood appearancethrough enforcement of dumping and property maintenance regulations and the removal of visual clutter, 7-1 6 Housing & Neighborhoods Housing & Neighborhoods • Improved accessibility for people with disabilities 7.10 Ensurethat schools, libraries, community centers, and senior centers are sited equitably to service all of Dental’s neighborhoods. 7.10.1 Work with the City of Denton Department of Parks and Recreation and DISDto match growth projections and identified growth areas to ensure that schools and community facilities are appropriately sited in future growth centers and in locations where multi-modal mobility can be adequately accommodated 7.10.2 Collaborate with the Denton school districts to createsiting guidelines for the location of new schools and community facilities consistent with best practice urban design policies 7.10.3 Work with DISD in creating school district guidelines for building schools and community facilities in locations most conducive to overarching land use goals, including infill areas. 7.11 Concentrate communityfacilities intransit-accessible areas and walkable communities to increase greatest potential for access and contribution to community health. 7.11.1 Create policies and agreements with DCTA, other transit agencies,the Denton school districts, and the City of Denton Transportation Department to ensure that walkable and bicycle accessible routes are identified installed, and maintained, near schools and community facilities, 7.11.2 Ensurethat community facilities areaccessiblethrough safe pathways that are well-lit, visible, and protected against traffic safety concerns, including accessibility concerns for people with disabilities. 7.12 Use community centers, senior centers, schools, and libraries as a means of enhancing and highlighting neighborhood distinction and sense of community. 7.12.1 Partner and collaborate with neighborhood residents in the design of new community facilities 7.12.2 Engage neighborhood residents todeterminethe programming within community facilities and match programming with the needs of distinctive communities and demographic groups 7.12.3 Explorethe viability of historic building reuse in housing new community facilities and spaces for community programs Efficient Co-location of Facilities: Providing ample and well-designed schools and community facilities is of prime importance as Denton looks to its future. Planning for new facilities is much more than responding to population growth and putting the necessary facilities in place but includes considerations for meeting the Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 7-17 unique needs of Denton's diverse community, advancing sustainable land use and building design standards, and fostering healthy and engaged communities for the future. Policies and actions in this Element are designed to further sustainability goals such as coordinating with DCTA to place new schools and community facilities close to transit and co-location of facilities to promote "one stop" programming and accessibility and efficient land use, in the compact development pattern, it is essential that sufficient community facilities and schools be located within the urban core so that a higher density of housing can be supported. The Downtown area especially offers opportunities to house community facilities and programs within existing historic buildings, and to infill areas suitable for redevelopment. Multi-use development of civic resources maximizes the use of space and decreases associated management capital expenses, Therefore, whenever opportunities exist to co-locate and/or combine civic uses, the development of collaborative partnerships with civic organizations, including universities, schools, and otherjurisdictions are encouraged. Land acquisition, property development and maintenance costs can be reduced through co-siting of municipal and civic facilities, where feasible. Maximizing municipal resources, including financial resources, can be realized by setting policies that prioritize multi-use facilities within community activity centers. The co-siting and coordinated management of municipal and civic facilities contributes to community health and a connected community. 7.13 Providejoint-use of facilities in orderto encourage community unityand ensurecost- efficient maintenance. 7.13.1 7.13.2 Conduct a study of all community facilities as part of the updated Capital Improvements Plan (CIP) to analyze the capacity for shared services among existing facilities Include shared use spaces in plans for future community facilities. 7.13.3 Include vocational and jobtraining programs in both DISD and City of Denton facilities to serve Denton residents 7.14 Combine community facilities for the most efficient use of resources. 7.14.1 Co-locate school and school athletic facilities within or adjacent to RegionalMixed-Use Centers 7.14.2 Locate elementary schools within Neighborhood Mixed-Use Centers. 7.14.3 Locate major recreational activity centers within or adjacent to Mixed-Use Centers when possible to encourage convenient access between these uses. 7.14.4 Establish policies to encourage religious buildings, service clubs, and other quasi- public uses to co-locate within appropriate activity centers to create community focal points and enable sharing of parking and other facilities 7-1 8 Housing & Neighborhoods Housing & Neighborhoods 7.14.5 Ensure compatibility of community facility clusters by choosing locationsthat are suitable for multi-modal accessibility and neighborhood compatibility. Community Facilities Design: Purposeful selection of architecturally distinct community facilities can positively contribute to the community character that is uniquely Denton. Incorporating artistic design into facilities used by the general public can promote community pride and general interest. 7.15 Enhance community character through well-designed communityfacilities. 7.15.1 Utilize urban design principles forthe design and planning of new municipa facilities. (CC Table 4.1, DP p.55) 7.15.2 Integrate publican into the planning and design for City and County-owned public facilities 7.15.3 Engagethe community in the design and planning for new community facilities 7.15.4 Continueto encourage community facilities to be designed according to best practice sustainability standards (i.e. LEED) 7.15.5 Ensurethat community facilities are accessible via the open space network, with connections to trails, parks, and the pedestrian network 7.15.6 Ensurethat municipal facilities are designed consistently with municipal lighting standards and include as much natural light as possible to reduce energy costs. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 7-19 This page intentionally left blank. 7-20 Housing & Neighborhoods 8 1 Community Health, Safety, & Services Community Health, Safety, & Services Overview It is important to continueto address emerging trends in planning, both nationally and in the North Texas Central region, Among the main emerging themes in planning is supporting healthy communities. This encompasses a wide range of topics, top among them the connection between the built environment and physical activity, which is often limited by the car-oriented lifestyles of most communities. Healthy communities planning attempts to reverse this trend with a focus on encouraging walkabie development, public space activation, safe and efficient transportation routes, and places for active recreation. Access to healthy food, improved air quality and water quality, and protection from environmental hazards are also important aspects of health and safety, The Community Health, Safety, and Services Element covers this range of subjects, including: • Establishment of a comprehensive approach to planning for healthy communities • Acknowledgment of national standards, contemporary research, and regional coordination and guidance regarding healthy communities planning, including coordinated programs to improve air and water quality. • Planning for natural and man-made hazards mitigation on a citywide scale. including gas weI drilling and production • Provision of emergency services based on level-of-service standards • Furtheranceof programs and services addressing underserved and disadvantagedcommunities in Denton The goals, policies, and actions within this Element require coordination throughout the Comprehensive Plan, among the many policies linked to land use, housing and neighborhoods, community character, mobility, facilities, parks and open space, and economic vitality. The most important actions for ensuring healthy communities planning will be to coordinate among City departments, a comprehensive approach to supporting public health and wellbeing, along with a robust public education campaign to raise awareness within the community, Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 8-1 \rv iII Ai Community health and safety is also directly affected by the real and perceived threats of natural and man-made hazards, including gas well drilling and production. Addressing the implications of gas wells as part of the implementation of the Comprehensive Plan will be important for ensuring long-term safety and economic vitality. The day-to-day health and safety of Denton's citizenry will continue to be monitored by the City’s emergency services, including police, fire, and emergency medical services (EMS), which will expand to keep up with population growth and city expansion. Community Health, Safety, and Services in the Community Vision Statement The Character of Denton • Denton is a friendly city built on strong communityconnections. We are a leader in our commitment to sustainability and innovation while preserving our historical assets. We have a network of trails, parks and greenways that connect to open spaces, • Denton is safe and livable – a hospitable communiV of friends and neighbors. Our People, Institutions, and Government • We are committed to fairness and equitable access to educational opportunities, community services, jobs, and government representation. • All generations, of both natives and newcomers, are deepV rooted in the community and are actively engaged in its betterment through volunteer participation with faith-based, civic, and/or neighborhood organizations and service on local government boards andcornrnlsslons • The City of Denton is a healthy, family-friendly community which sees its youth as its most valuable resource; a resource worthy of investment in education, healthful recreation, and opportunities for challenging and rewarding employment and engagement in civic affairs. • The City of Denton’s institutions of higher learning, UNT and TWU, are partners with government, civic organizations, and local employers in initiatives to foster creativity in the arts, innovation, a strong econ@ny, life-long learning, and the retention of the best andbrightest • The City of Denton government is customer-friendly and prides itself on itstransparency and open communication, utilizing modem technology, its efficient provision of public services and facilities, and through its leadership in seeking to realize the Vision ofDenton’s future. • The City of Denton has integrated, reconciled, and streamlined its plans, processes, policies, and regulations for consistency, clarity, and effecttveness. 8-2 Community Health, Safety, & Services Community Health, Safety, & Services Sound Growth: Strengthening Our Form and Function Throughout Denton we see... • A compact devel(4)ment pattern which includes expanded areas of mixed use, a broad array of housing and retail choices responding to changing demographics and market preferences, and re-investment and infill in underutilized areas of the city • An efficient transportation system with a safe and well-connected road network which accommodates a wide array of mobilityoptions, including local and commuter rail transit, as well as accommodations for pedestrians and cyclists. • Parks, greenways, stream corridors, tree canopy, and other natural resources integrating into the fabric of the community and contributing to healthy lifestyles. • Environmental stewardship through water conservation, positive contributions to regional air quality, sustainable development practices. green infrastructure, and renewable energy. In the core of Denton we see... • A vibrant Downtown Denton, energized with new housing, shopping, arts, and entertainment, supporting day and nighttime activity and a true urban lifestyle – Denton style • Established neighborho(xls where revitalization and compatible infill development contributes to stable, livable, and historic character, and fosters neighborhood pride and homeownership In our rural fringe areas of the city and the Extraterritorial Jurisdiction (ETJ) we see • Conservation development which retains rural character, protects open space and greenways, enhances development vaILe, and provides greater choices to land owners • Potential safety and compatibility impacts presented by hazardous activities, such as gas well drilling and production, mitigated to protect neighboring persons and property. Finally, taking care to address the needs of Denton’s disadvantaged and underserved populations is an important element of long-term community health and resilience. Community groups in Denton continue to work to provide services to these communities through the city and also provide opportunities for giving back. As part of the Comprehensive Plan, these programs should be monitored formally as part of planning policy to ensure that the health and welfare of all of Denton’s citizenry remains a priority for the future. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 8-3 \rv411 Ai Planning for Healthy Communities Community health and the built environment is an emergent theme in the field of planning. The notion of healthy places and public health transcends issues of land use, physical activity, access to the outdoors, and access to healthy, locally-produced food. The Urban Land Institute (ULI), a national non-profit focused on urban development issues, has published a number of documents on the topic of building healthy communities, including Ten Principles for Building Healthy Places. The report is intended to bridgethe gap of discourse between the health care and land use fields and thus bring individuals together to develop principles on designing healthier communities. The Ten Principles for Building Healthy Places are as follows: 1 . Put People First: design communitiesthat put community health first and consider health impacts ahead of time. 2. 3. 4. Recognizethe Economic Value: changing lifestyle preferences indicate that walkable, mixed-use, and transit-rich communities are more highly valued and create economic engines in cities. Empower Champions for Health: use community engagement to further community health goals Energize Shared Spaces: activation of the public realm enlivens communities and provides additional opportunities for physical activity and community interaction in theoutdoors 5. 6. 7. Make Healthy Choices Easy: ensure that environments are safe so that making healthy choices will not be discouraged by perceptions of safety Ensure Equitable Access: design for all ages and abilities, focus on safe and accessible routes to schools and integrate land use with transportation, addressing all modes and transportation users. Mix it Up: a variety of land uses, building types, and public spaces can improve both physical activity and social interaction, which necessitates updating of regulations and standards. 8. 9. Embrace Unique Character: integrate open space planning and revitalization of existing community centers to base city design on existing assets and character areas Promote Accessto Healthy Foal: food access must be considered with every new development, including reconsidering grocery store size standards and access to existing stores 10. Make it Active: use urban design guidelines to further community health goals by co- locating activities, upgrading walking and bicycling infrastructure, and encouragingshared-use facilities 8-4 Community Health, Safety, & Services Community Health, Safety, & Services The ULI report is based on the premise that one of the most important determinants of physical activity is a person’s immediate environment, as people who live in neighborhoods with parks, trails, and greenways are considerably healthier than people who live in neighborhoods without such facilities. As rising health care costs from largely preventable diseases – such as obesity, asthma, diabetes, and depression – have real costs that are passed on to cities and communities to endure, it is important to consider the influence of city design on many aspects of public health According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). in 2020, more than 35 percent of adults in the United States and more than 19 percent of youths were obese, with annual medical costs significantly higher than for individuals of a healthy weight. The rise of obesity and health problems is partially attributed to limited physical activity as a direct consequence of the built- environment and transportation choices. As these considerations are becoming increasingly central in urban design and planning policy, they are complemented by an increased demand for more housing opportunities in compact, urban environments with a sense of place, walkable streets, and transit. Thus, it is important that the Comprehensive Plan establish a framework for a physical environment that is conducive to healthy lifestyle choices Another factor in community health is access to healthy foods, While an urban lifestyle is increasingly popular, supermarkets, the best purveyor of a range of food options, are located primariEy in outlying suburban neighborhoods. As a result, many urban environments lack food options beyond convenience stores and fast food restaurants, neither of which offer the fresh foods that are desirable in a balanced diet, leaving urban communities with few healthy food choices. Typically, urban communities have been of lower incomes, and grocery stores were unlikely to locate in downtowns due to development codes and limited available sites, and also a lack of buying power. This trend has contributed to the connection between poverty and obesity and the term "food deserts,” indicative of environments, both urban and suburban, that are underserved by accessible grocery stores. National retailers are beginning to re-think models of grocery stores-- many moving to multi-level options for small sites, and creating different products to serve a variety of incomes. Another factor in community health is the opportunity for local food production within the community in a variety of settings, which also contribute to physical activity and community interaction. Access to healthy foods is highlighted in Denton's sustainability plan, Simply Sustainable: A Frameworkfor Denton's Future (2020). Urban agriculture in Denton has grown in recent decades, paralleling a national trend supporting local food production. The City of Denton partners with the Denton Community Market to support local businesses and promote increased access to local, fresh, and healthy foods. The city has several farmers markets that operate seasonally on various days of the week and supports limited urban farming such as backyard hens. Additionally, several community gardens and small farms have been established in Denton, including Earthwise Gardens, Cardo’s Farm Project, and Shiloh Field, The American Planning Association (APA) has also produced guidance on comprehensive planning for public health, similar to ULI. The APA has created policy guides to integrate public Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 8-5 health into planning: Healthy Plan Making (201 3) and the Healthy Communities Policy Guide (2017). Healthy Plan Making is based on the evaluation of comprehensive plans throughout the country that had included public health policies either throughout the plan or in stand-alone Elements. The report concludes with a summary of the most frequent types of polices, as well as recommendations for successful and effective implementation . Healthy Communities Policy Guide further describes the most current industry guidance and provides example performance metrics for promoting healthy communities. While many cities and counties address a diversity of topics related to public health, the most important elements for implementation are sending the right message, having the support of public officials. interdepartmental coordination, and including metrics to benchmark progress. Many communities have created frameworks to measure public health through health impact assessments (HIA) to promote the consideration of public health in decision-making that affects the built environment, public services, and facilities. HIAs may be conducted for a policy, an individual site, a community, or a region. HI As help measure the potential effects on community health through screening, scoping, assessing risks and benefits, developing recommendations, reporting, and monitoring. The CDC oversees a Healthy Community Design Initiative as another resource for building healthy communities and ensuring that goals and policies are put in place in a systematic manner. The APA has developed a Health Impact Assessment Toolkit for Planners (201 6) to aid the development of H IAs to guide local decision making Currently, community health in Denton is addressed by the Denton County Health Department (DCHD). This Department is focused on making Denton County a healthier place to live, work, and play by improving health outcomes of Denton County residents. Its services focus on disease awareness and prevention, protecting against environmental hazards, encouraging heatthy behaviors. and disaster preparedness and recovery. DCHD provides programs on public education regarding cancer, cardiovascular disease and diabetes prevention, tobacco use, West Nile, COVID- 19, and injury prevention through healthy behaviors. In addition, DCH D offers services for prevention of communicable diseases. including COVID-19, sexually transmitted diseases (STD), and tuberculosis (TB), The Department also offers Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) services to provide nutrition education and food vouchers for those who qualify. The Department regularly engages in partnerships with other organizations such as school districts, city parks and recreation departments, UNT, TWU, and local emergency medical services (EMS), to name a few, for things such as mosquito testing for West Nile. The City of Denton’s Building Inspections Division oversees inspections of food establishments to ensure health code compliance. While DCHD and local non-profits do an outstanding job of addressing specific health challenges, there is no all-encompassing policy framework to support healthy lifestyles. Fortunately, there has been significant work done regionally on the topic of community health and sustainability, affecting all of the communities within the DFW Metroplex. Denton is encompassed in the Vision North Texas plan that was created by the North Central Texas Council of Governments (NCTCOG), in partnership with local ULI chapters, affected cities and counties, and 8-6 Community Health, Safety, & Services Community Health, Safety, & Services the University of Texas at Arlington. Vision North Texas is a valuable opportunity for Denton to implement regional goals that contribute to the future quality of life, economic desirability. and long-term sustainability of the 1 6-county North Central Texas region ncluded in Vision North Texas is guidance for increasing public awareness about important regional land use issues that affect mobility, air quality, water supply, and other economic and environmental resources. In addition, NCTCOG has worked with its Bicycle and Pedestrian Advisory Committee (BPAC) to create a Regional Complete Streets Policy Statement for North Central Texas. "Complete streets" refers to thoroughfares that feature a combination of sidewalks, bike lanes, bus lanes, accessible public transportation stops, safe pedestrian crossing opportunities, and other amenities to ensure modal balance and safety for all transportation types. Complete streets are an important element of achieving healthy communities This framework should continue to serve as a useful tool in implementing goals for healthy communities that further regional goals. GOAL CHS-1 : Integrate planning for healthy communities and individuals into acomnrehensive framework for Denton’s future development Policies and Actions Healthy Communities Planning: There is a great diversity of resources informing the implementation of actions to support healthy communities in Denton. The City has already made great strides through the ongoing implementation of Denton’s sustainability plan Simply Sustainable: A Strategic Plan Framework for Denton’s Future and developments in urban agriculture. Given that identifying indicators for community health is a relatively new concept in planning, it is important to establish programs and a system for monitoring progress to ensure that goals are being pursued and achieved. Working to establish guidelines will ensure that community health goals are met. A HIA will allow for the city to understand the "state of the community” in regard to public health in the present day. This can further be monitored annually through a Community Health Report Card. Coordination among City departments is important to ensure that a consistent approach and framework is established, and shared priorities are identified. Substantial research has been conducted in this field that can be applied to planning for community health in Denton. 8.1 Establish a comprehensive framework to promote healthy communities. 8.1.1 Produce an HIA for Denton following CDC and APA guidelines, and publish it online. 8.1.2 Partner and collaborate with Denton County to create a health policy framework to be applied among departments within the city and county including streets, utilities, planning, parks and recreation, and environmental services, Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 8-7 8.1.3 8.1.4 Dedicate staff within the City of Denton to coordinate with the Denton County Health Department and align strategies and guidelines on community health, Apply the reference resources on community health including ULI and APA guidebooks, as well as the health-related recommendations of Vision North Texas 8.1.5 Create an annual Community Health Report Card featuring the progress of programs focused on community health and the findings of the initial HIAand publish it online. 8.1.6 Actively seek out and implement methods to make local food production easier. Community Health Education: While planning for community health is important, it is even more important to ensure that the message reaches the Denton population to realize true progress. An increase in public awareness for healthy communities can be accomplished by partnerships with major employers and healthcare providers to distribute material about healthy lifestyle choices, coordinated with programs already underway. In addition, partnering with Denton Independent School District (DISD) can realize improvement in community health through the types of foods children and youth are served, regulating the level of physical activity that is required, and including public health as a topic of education. A robust communications frameworkto accompany community health strategies is encouraged to achieve long-term results. 8.2 Enhance public awareness for community health goals. 8.2.1 8.2.2 Create a robust public relations campaign centered on community health advocacy and promoting physical activity. Work with DISD to promote awareness of healthy lifestyle choices within Dentonschools. 8.2.3 Work with major employers and healthcare providers to promote healthy lifestyle choices within Denton employment centers, Plan and Policy Coordination: The most important elements of encouraging healthy communities that can be affected by the Comprehensive Plan are the furtherance of a compact growth pattern, community design that supports physical activity, and a mobility networkthat encourages walking, bicycling, and public transportation to reduce emissions and improve air quality. The policies to encourage community health are distributed throughout the Comprehensive Plan and Simply Sustainable: A Framework for Denton's Future (2020). The adoption and implementation of these plans will ensure that many community health goals are met and may be tracked to account for progress through the plan horizon 8-8 Community Health, Safety, & Services Community Health, Safety, & Services 8.3 Linkhealthy community goals and polices throughout the Comprehensive Plan and to D enton's sustainability plan. 8.3.1 8.3.2 Promote compact development patterns and urban design standards that support pedestrian access and physical activity. Locate land uses according to the Future Land Use Map (FLUM) to ensure that protected land uses are not in conflict with health hazards, applying standards of environmental justice. 8.3.3 Incorporate complete streets guidelines into the mobility plan and periodically review and update following the guidance of NCTCOG and coordination with the Parks and Recreation Department. 8.3.4 Continue to implement policies from Simply Sustainable: A Strategic Plan Framework for Denton's Future regarding the expansion of community gardens and urban agriculture to promote access to healthy foods 8.3.6 8.3.7 Implement green infrastructure standards for private development and public rights-of-way as partofstormwater management polices to improve water quality and supply. Coordinate with NCTCOG goals for maintaining regional air quality and healthyozone levels 8.3.8 Promote the Air North Texas Pollution Alert program to alert Denton residents when ozone levels are at potentially unhealthy levels, based on the Air Quality Index (AC)I) monitored by NCTCOG Hazard Mitigation Hazard mitigation is a concern in many communities. Hazards can be broadly defined and may include daily environmental hazards such as noise, polluted stormwater runoff, and air pollution from vehicular traffic and industrial emissions. Hazards also include tornadoes, floods and other natural disasters, and man-made disasters from industrial accidents and terrorist or criminal activity. In North Texas, specific concerns regarding gas wells include risks to public safety from potential explosions, and the potential impact of toxic chemicals on air and water quality. Denton is located atop the Barnett Shale formation, which is a rich resource of natural gas, among the largest in the United States. The rise of hydraulic fracturing has made the reserves of the shale more accessible and has led to a proliferation of gas wells. Many of Denton's gas wells are adjacent to areas currently designated as protected land uses and in the potential alignment of planned roads. The potential impacts of gas wells on public health and safety continues to be a topic of great concern Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 8-9 The Denton Fire Department’s Office of Emergency Management (OEM) is charged with coordinating the City of Denton’s emergency management program. Activities include developing emergency plans, offering disaster preparedness training, conducting drills and exercises, and participating in public education programs. The program operates through the four phases of emergency management in order to properly prepare for disasters, coordinate response efforts, provide timely recovery assistance, and implement projects to try to prevent and/or lessen the impacts of disasters. OEM works with numerous public, private, and nonprofit agencies in order to help ensurethe City of Denton is a safe placeto live, work, and play The 0EM prepares a Local Mitigation Strategy covering a variety of hazards affecting Denton, known as the Hazard Vulnerability Analysis (HVA). In addition, OEM hosts and participates in a number of emergency preparedness public education programs and prepares guidelines for training and drills. OEM also oversees and utilizes the following programs for Denton: • Texas Regional Response Network (TRRN), which aids in response and planning efforts by allowing system users to collect and retrieve resource information • Everbridge Public Warning System • Emergency Preparedness Planning • Evacuation and Shelter Guide • National Incident Management System (N IMS)/ Incident Command System (ICS) • Pet and Animal issues • Disaster planning with special attention to persons with special needs • Volunteer opportunities related to disaster preparedness GOAL CHS-2: Ensure that Denton’s communities are protected from hazards and equipped for disaster preparedness Policies and Actions Hazard Protection and Gas Well Drilling and Production: Protecting Denton’s citizens from both natural and man-made potential hazards is an essential element of ensuring efficient city functioning and healthy communities. A particular goal of the Comprehensive Plan is for the City to get a clear understanding of the implications of gas well drilling and production regarding potential risks to public safety, mobility, and livability In addition to understanding their impact on land use patterns and mobility, gas wells should be included in all future hazards planning, in tandem with the programs currently overseen by the 0EM. Gas wells should also be included in the Hazard Vulnerability Analysis (HVA) for Denton, which is updated every five years 8-1 0 Community Health, Safety, & Services Community Health, Safety, & Services 8.4 Ensure effective disaster preparedness for natural and manmade disasters. 8.4.1 8.4.2 8.4.3 Update the HVA every five years Include consideration of gas well drilling and production in the HVA and addressed by policies of the OEM Coordinate with land use policies for gas well drilling and production which will mitigate for real and perceived impacts to community safety. Emergency Services Denton provides high-quality public facilities and services to protect the safety and welfare of the community. Emergency services, in general, refers to police, fire, and emergency medical services (EMS). The provision of emergency services is provided based on level-of-service standards, which must be maintained to keep up with population growth and the city’s expansion. As population increases, the operating capacity of emergency service providers must increase, with additional professional staff, vehicles, and physical facilities in order to maintain level of service standards, Police and fire facilities may be centralized or distributed around the city based on location of density of population and employment. Typically, fire and police departments have a central management office that may be collocated and satellite offices that are located in many different areas to serve neighborhoods directly Denton is currently served by the Denton Police Department with a force of 204 sworn officers (i.e., those who have arrest authority) and 68 non-sworn employees. Table 8-1 lists Police Department Activity in 2010 and 2020. Table 8-1.Denton Police Department Activity, 2010-2020 Calls for Service 80,302 101 ,364 Average ResponseTime (Minutes) 5:34 Source: CRy of Denton Police Department Activity, 2010.2020 6:31 The Denton Fire Department operates eight fire stations throughout the city, with a staff of 1 99 full-time professionals, as of 2021 . The Department is responsible for fire suppression, fire prevention, fire prevention education, emergency medical services, and disaster preparedness, According to a data from ESO, the record management software for the fire department, the Fourth Quarter, Fiscal Year 2021, the Denton Fire Department averages approximately one thousand eight hundred (1 ,800) calls a month, ranging from fire related calls to good intent calls. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 8-1 1 Policies and Actions Emergency Services: In addition to keeping pace with population growth and providing adequate service, it is desirable that Denton’s emergency services contribute to overarching goals of community health and safety, thoughtful planning and urban design, and to a sense of community and pride, As with other Elements of the Comprehensive Plan, emergency services planning should be coordinated with land use, urban design, housing and neighborhoods. and mobility planning in order to realize a holistic, well-integrated, and efficiently-operated city. It is the responsibility of Denton's Police and Fire departments to update facilities and staffing plans regularly to keep a pace with growth and update the Capital Improvement Program accordingly The City of Denton utilizes the National Incident Management System (NI MS). NIMS provides a systematic, proactive approach to guide departments and agencies at all levels of government, nongovernmental organizations, and the private sector to work seamlessly to prevent, protect against, respond to, recover from, and mitigate the effects of incidents. NIMS aims to reduce the loss of life and property and harm to the environment. City staff involved in emergency operations are trained based on their position and area of responsibilities. 8.5 Ensure adequate police services to protect the health and safety of the Denton Community and business population. 8.5.1 Plan and provide for police stations, offices, and supporting facilities adequate to support level of service standards 8.5.2 8.5.3 8.5.4 Co-locate police facilities close by to other community facilities when possible for land use and operational efficiency. Design police facilities to be recognized as iconic civic buildings. Reuse and update existing police facilities when possible. Encourage use of the Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) design standards to reduce instances of crime. 8.5.5 Continue to strengthen and grow the City’s neighborhood policing programs 8.6 Ensure adequate fire and emergency prevention and response to protect the health and safety of the Denton Community and business population. 8.6.1 Plan and provide for fire and emergency services, offices, and supporting facilities adequate to support level of service policies maintained by emergency services departments. 8-12 Community Health, Safety, & Services Community Health, Safety, & Services 8.6.2 8.6.3 Co-locate fire and emergency services facilities close by to other community facilities when possible for land use and operational efficiency, Continue to design fire and emergency service facilities to be recognized as notable civic buildings. Reuse and update existing fire and emergency service facilities when possible. 8.6.4 8.6.5 Maintain response time standards established by the National Fire Protection Association for populations of Denton's size. Provide connections to resources, such as permit assistance and tax rebates for tornado shelter purchases and installation 8.6.6 8.6.7 8.6.8 Focus on prevention programs to heighten awareness, minimize loss, and support a safer community. Reduce the possibility of fire in commercial, industrial, and multi-family buildings through development review and a high-quality inspection program Continue and strengthen the City’s participation in the National Incident Management System (NI MS) Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 8-1 3 Social Services and Programs Denton currently has a wide range of organizations providing services to communities in need, primarily through non-profit and faith-based groups. Denton has over 30 active organizations and faith-based groups that continue to grow and provide specific services to serve community needs The grand opening of the 48,000-square-foot Serve Denton campus in October 201 9 means many non-profits are now centralized, with improved collaboration and service delivery. A recent needs assessment conducted by the United Way of Denton County (201 7), identified a number of critical services and other needs in Denton County, including: community collaboration, technical and vocational education programs, affordable and accessible health, substance abuse, mental, and dental care, homelessness support and mitigation, affordable housing, and transportation access. Poverty, drug trafficking, predatory lending, and a lack of public education are also cited as among chief concerns in the city. The goals and policies of the Comprehensive Plan are to enable the City to streamline responses to these needs with the support of established cornrnunlty groups. GOAL CHS-4: Provide a variety of community programs that meet the needs of underserved groups in Denton, including youth, seniors, and those experiencinghomelessness Policies and Actions Addressing Communities of Need: While Denton has a robust neighborhood and social services program, through the work of many community organizations. the needs will only persist and become more pervasive as the population grows. As a result, the policies are primarily geared at revisiting and updating the current programs at work in Denton and aligning them with present-day challenges in Denton with an eye to the future. The maintenance of a healthy and thriving community will be enabled by ensuring programs will continue, expand, and add additional capacity to meet changing needs The provision of new community facilities, such as community and recreation centers, should also be coordinated with community needs in order to provide centers within Denton’s neighborhoods that can serve various needs (see Housing and Neighborhoods Element) 8.7 Establish a framework for the formation ofpK4rams to serve Denton’s communities ofneed 8.7.1 Continue to utilize a work group of city and county departments and community leaders to periodically evaluate and update the existing programs serving community members in need in Denton. Determine if adequate services are available and if additional programs or organizations are needed to meet needs, 8-14 Community Health, Safety, & Services Community Health, Safety, & Services 8.7.2 8.7.3 Work with existing Denton community groups to support the Serve Denton campus facility for non-profit use and the provision of community services and prograrns Establish a consortium among city and county departments, DISD, and Eocal youth-focused non-profits to prioritize and create an action plan for identifying and updating the needs of Denton youth and identify key partners to aid in implementation of programs 8.7.4 8.7.5 Continue to support programs that combat substance abuse in Denton and work with key partners to aid in their implementation. Continue to work with local partners to strengthen and broaden current programs addressing the needs of those experiencing homelessness in Denton, while also improving affordable housing policies. Create a plan to make homelessness rare, brief, and nonrecurring, and identify key partners to aid in implementation. 8.7.6 8.7.7 8.7.8 Include health education and preventative care guidelines into all programs serving key groups of need. Include needs for neighborhood and social services in the planning for and upgrading of community facilities Work with DCTA to ensure that publictransit needs for senior and people with disabilities are met Volunteer Programs: The Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan update reaffirmed that more volunteer opportunities for people to give back to the community and serve those in need are desired. While many volunteer programs exist, a formal clearinghouse or centralized system for community members to learn about and connect with opportunities will help ensure volunteers are well-matched to aide those most in need 8.8 Proactively identify andorganize volunteer opportunities within the cityt hat will linkDenton residents with opportunities to serve their fellowcitkens. 8.8.1 Establish a City of Denton staff position to oversee volunteer organization and mobilization 8.8.2 8.8.3 Work with non-profit groups to identify existing volunteer programs and create a framework for identifying additional program needs. Regularly update and enliven the page on the Denton website advertising volunteer opportunItIes, Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 8-1 5 8.8.4 8.8.5 8.8.6 Establish partnerships with UNT, TWU, and NCTC to volunteer within the cornrnunity Establish partnerships with major employers to volunteer within the community Work with the Denton County Health Department to continue and expand volunteer opportunities related to the provisioning of health care and health education 8.8.7 Include volunteer opportunities in the programming of community facilities and linkthem with school programs 8-1 6 Community Health, Safety, & Services 9 1 Infrastructure & Utilities Infrastructure & Utilities Overview The Denton population in 2020 was 139,869 and is poised to increase by approximately 89,000 by 2040. The compact growth framework will be influenced by the availability and access to, as well as the economic feasibility of, supporting infrastructure. Services provided to the Denton community such as electricity, water treatment and distribution, wastewater collection and treatment, solid waste collection, and flood mitigation and drainage will determine the extent of development and the quality of life of community members throughout the plan horizon. The policies that follow in this Element includethe following primary considerations • The provision of efficient and sustainable energy systems to the residents and business community of Denton. • A reliable, safe, and sustainable source of water for the future needs of the Denton cornrnunity. • Establishing practices that ensure cost-effective and environmentally-sensitive wastewater services sufficient to meet future demands • Promoting the expansion of a natural systems-based, green infrastructure approach to stormwater management consistent with national best practices. • A solid waste and recycling program that moves beyond refuse removal to promote best practices in waste minimization and resource recovery and thinks locally and globally regarding environmental protection • Maintenance of existing and future facilities that ensure their long-term viability to sustain the future of Denton’s growth Water and energy resources have historically been sufficient to support Denton’s growth over the past several decades. However, state-wide and global issues such as population growth, variable rainfall, and forecasted shortages in capacity to meet energy demands (i.e. energy reserve margins) have caused staff at the City of Denton to strategically plan to meet customer demands Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 9-1 Denton must now consider a larger community that must collectively adapt to both droughts and floods in an economically- and environmentally-sensitive manner. The ability to rely on natural systems, such as floodplains, to store flood waters has been compromised by historic development within the floodplain. Conversely, renewable energy source options have become economically feasible and are now incorporated into Denton’s electricity portfolio. Responding to new options, as well as being more responsive to natural constraints, is a theme in the infrastructure policies that follow, and their effect on the long-term resiliency of Denton in terms of cost-effective responses to changing dynamics in the community. Infrastructure and Utilities in the CommunityVision Statement The Character of Denton • Denton is authentic. Our small-town charm and, North Texas heritage are proudly embraced along with positive change, smart and balanced growth, and higttquality development. • Denton is consciouslygreen. We are a leader in our commitmentto sustainability and we have a significant urban tree canopy, a network of parks and greenways and stream corridors. Our People, Institutions, and Government • The City of Denton is a healthy, family-friendly community which sees its youth as its most valuable resource; a resource worthy of investment in education, healthful recreation, and opportunities for challenging and rewarding employment and engagement in civic affairs. • The City of Denton government is customer-friendly and prides itself on its transparency and open communication, utilizing modem technology, its efficient provision of publicservices and facilities, and through its leadership in seeking to realizethe Vision ofDenton’s future • The City of Denton has integrated, reconciled, and streamlined its plans, processes, policies, and regulations for consistency, clarity, and effectiveness Sound Growth: Strengthening Our Form and Function Throughout Denton we see... • Infrastructure systems which have undergone well-planned, staged expansion to serveand managethe city’s growth. • Environmental stewardship through water conservation, positive contributions to regional air quality, sustainable development practices, green infrastructure, and renewable energy. 9.2 Infrastructure & Utilities Infrastructure & Utilities In the core of Denton we see... • A vibrant Downtown Denton, energized with new housing, shopping, arts, and entertainment, supporting day and nighttime activity and a true urban lifestyle – Dentonstyle In our rural fringe areas of the City and the Extraterritorial Jurisdiction (ETJ) we • Contiguous, staged growth which is fiscally and environmentally sound, reduces fragmentation and sprawl, discourages premature development, and conserves the City’sfuture growing room • Conservation development which retains rural character, protects open space andgreenways, enhances development value. and provides greater choices to landowners. A significant theme in the provision of infrastructure and utilities in the future is based on the infrastructure as described in Element 5: Parks, Conservation, and Environment. Green infrastructure reconfirmed as a community priority in Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan update relies on the mimicking of natural systems to create stormwater management that is more akin to natural processes rather than the traditional "gray" concrete systems of the past, which sought to alter natural systems. Significant capital expenses are associated with the installation and maintenance of infrastructure systems. Applying a systems approach to infrastructure developments will conserve resources over the long-term, including costs. Best practices that maximize cost-effective, long-term sustainable green infrastructure options are proposed within this Element that offer the City options for both short and long-term strategies for infrastructure investment including operation, maintenance, and replacement costs see transformation from "gray” to "green" infrastructure options, based on the concept of green The Infrastructure and Utilities Element also includes policies and actions to manage solid waste over the development horizon of the Comprehensive Plan, Solid waste management, which includes waste and recycling, continues to evolve with best practices. In Denton, waste is viewed as more than just trash to be placed in a landfill, but as a resource. Furthermore, material reuse and recycling are increasing as rapidly as the available technology permits. Landfill capacity needs to be prolonged, the environment protected, and energy production and material reuse maximized into the future to optimize this community resource. A well-maintained and operated infrastructure network is fundamental to a healthy, thriving community. Denton’s investment in this infrastructure will both influence and supportthe framework for compact development and infill that is central to the Comprehensive Plan. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 9-3 b AN Ai Energy Energy in Denton is provided by Denton Municipal Electric (DM E), Denton’s customer-owned electric utility. It has been in operation since 1 905 and provides electricity to approximately 53,000 customers. It reports to the Public Utilities Board and the City Council, similar to other utilities in Denton. DM E’s infrastructure system is monitored and maintained by a state-of-the-art National Electric Reliability Council (NERC)-Certified Operations Center and a staff of professional electric workers. By constructing and maintaining transmission and distribution infrastructure and by procuring energy from a variety of sources, DM E reliably and cost-effectively meets the power demands of a growing population. Electric power is a vital component of the community, and DME will continue to expand to meet Denton’s growth. Denton is one of the few communities withinthe Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex with its own electric utility. Given Denton's proximity to the deregulated market, DM E is able to compare its rates and service with competitive power providers; this allows DME to ensure customers are getting the best value, As a result, operational efficiency is a cornerstone for DM E. As an example, DM E has implemented an automated metering system allowing for operational efficiencies for DME while providing value to DM E customers in the form of improved usage data to help customers manage how they use electricity. Enhancements to this system of smart meters will enable customers to participate in new energy efficiency programs, and future rate structures that will enable customers to better control how and when they use electricity DM E's extensive Capital Improvement Plan (CIP) provides infrastructure improvements to Denton's electrical system. The City of Denton CIP includes many projects that will strengthen the transmission and distribution infrastructure in Denton. These projects includethe construction of new electrical substations, and the expansion and conversion of existing substations and transmission lines from 69 kVto 1 38 kV. DM E currently provides only electrical energy to Denton DME has the ability to provide natural gas to industrial customers in a specific geographic area, west of 1-35, but there are currently no natural gas infrastructure or facilities in place. Should they become economically feasible to pursue, DME should proceed with installing this infrastructure to further economic development efforts As of 2021 , one-hundred (1 00) percent of the electrical demands of DM E's customers were supplied from renewable energy resources making Denton one of the most progressive, environmentally conscious communities in the US. DM E sources its renewable energy from a portfolio of wind and solar renewable energy resources located throughout Texas. Staff in DM E’s Energy's Management Organization continually search for cost-effective sources of renewable energy and pursue additional contracts that contribute to the security and stability of the City’s energy source portfolio. By making renewable energy source choices, DME is positively affecting statewideair quality, consistent with the goals and objectives of the Denton Renewable Resource Plan (201 8) and Denton’s Sustainability Plan: Simply Sustainable (2020). DM E encourages energy efficiency Improvements, electrical vehicles and distributed generation via roof-top solar 9-4 Infrastructure & Utilities Infrastructure & Utilities generation. Through the GreenSense program, customers can receive meaningful rebates by installing roof-top solar generation, purchasing electric vehicles, installing additional insulation in their homes in their home or business The policies and actions that follow ensure the provision of energy for the City of Denton’s future that saves costs, expands options for renewable resources, reduces fossil fuel consumption, improves the physical environment, and is coordinated with overarching sustainability goals Policies and Actions Cost-Effective Service: As a municipally-owned electric utility operating in close proximity to the deregulated market, it is important for DM E to demonstrate its value to customers. One of the most important ways to accomplish this is through competitive rates. To maintain competitive rates, DME will continue to focus on procuring energy and conducting operations in such a way as to keep rates competitively priced and stable. Siting and construction of substations and related transmission infrastructure requires coordination within DM E, with other city departments, with the community, and with property owners. DM E’s process for constructing new transmission infrastructure ensures that all stakeholders have input on the decision-making process. Management of D ME capital investments, including infrastructure expansion and upgrade projects, should promote efficient resource use and positively facilitate long-term development, as identified within the Comprehensive Plan. 9.1 Seek economically favorable sources of power and continueto develop programs to increase operational efficiency to offer stable and competitively-priced electric rates and exceptional customer service compared to the deregulated market. 9.1.1 Provide efficient and effective customer services by maintaining rapid response times to customer outages, enhancing communication systems, enhancing automated meter reading capabilities, and improving system automation and analysis capabilities. 9.1.2 9.1.3 Seek cost-effective sources of renewable and reliable power Identify, evaluate, incentivize, and invest in new technologies that support the city's sustainability goals when economically feasible, Cost-Effective Renewable Energy: DM E successfully sources approximately 1 00 percent of its energy from wind and solar generation annually, which is provided to users at no additional charge. Seeking renewable energy options that are priced competitively is one way to maintain DME's competitive rates while incentivizing the expansion of carbon free renewable energy sources that provide long-term value to city residents and the environment Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 9-5 1/\bAa Ad 9.2 Seek costeffective opportunities for expanding DM E’s renewable portfolio. 9.2.1 Support expanding renewable energy source options through public-private partnerships, Lighting Standards: Lighting upgrades should be one of the first items addressed when planning for future development. as it can affect heating and cooling energy loads and the specifications for other building systems. Lighting also affects light pollution and reflectance into the night sky, which affects migratory bird patterns and other ecosystem functions. Properly designed and adjusted light fixtures, aimed directly down at the ground decrease light pollution that detract from dark night skies While controlling the lighting design of privately-owned development is best controlled by area- specific design guidelines, the city will adopt municipal lighting standards to set a standard for sustainable and adequate lighting levels in residential neighborhoods and along thoroughfares throughout the city. The City of Denton has recently leveraged grant funds received as part of the federally funded Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant (EECBG) program to fund a municipal lighting retrofit at 1 9-City-owned facilities and to purchase new energy audit equipment Continuing to upgrade lighting fixtures that are energy efficient, non-toxic, and oriented downward when installed in the case of outdoor fixtures, can result in economic savings over the long-term and decrease or even eliminate a toxic waste stream as well as widespread light pollution 9.3 Continueto advancet he use of municipal lighting fixtures that direct illumination efficiently. reduce nuisance lighting problems, and enhance viewsof the nighttime sky. 9.3.1 Establish a purchase policy for municipal lighting fixtures that are energy efficient and where feasible prioritize non-toxic, non-hazardous lighting equipment materials. avoid glare, spill light and energy waste. 9.3.2 9.3.3 Support the development of an ordinance that applies the IFluminati ng Engineering Society of North America (IES) recommendations for residential, commercial, and industrial properties Include guidelines for lighting standards as part of the Urban Design Plan and Area Plans to encourage sustainable lighting strategies in private development Communications Infrastructure: Several options for communication services are available in Denton and these companies provide communication services including telephone, television, cellular phone networks, and high speed internet. Service providers should anticipate and serve new growth and continuously add new facilities and infrastructure to conform to regulations as needed to meet customer demand 9.4 Coordinate with service providers to ensure availability of communications infrastructure throughout the city. 9-6 Infrastructure & Utilities Infrastructure & Utilities 9.4.1 9.4.2 Ensure that communications infrastructure, including fiber optic cables, are installed proactively to keep up with demand as Denton grows Install telecommunications infrastructure consistent with City ordinances and the Denton Development Code. 9.4.3 9.4.4 Work in tandem with other service providers to install underground telecommunications lines when practical and maintain utility infrastructure when necessary . Work with local businesses via the Chambers of Commerce and telecommunication companies to sponsor free public wireless internet (Wi-FI) and increase availability throughout the city. 9.4.5 Establish maintenance regulations in the Denton Development Codethat ensures long-term viability of communications infrastructure. Undergrounding Utilities: Underground electric utility service both enhances the aesthetic quality of neighborhoods and decreases exposure of utilities to high wind and potential storm damage from nearby trees and above-ground structures. Reduced exposure to ice, wind, and other hazards decreases the amount of time service is interrupted and costly maintenance expenses incurred, As the City faces continued population growth, investment in sustainable infrastructure options such as underground electric distribution facilities should be considered for new as well as in infill development. DME has one of the highest portions of underground electric distribution facilities in the state. DME budgets money each year to convert overhead distribution lines to underground facilities 9.5 Install underground electric distribution facilities wherever practical. 9.5.1 Enforce engineering code requirements that faciEitate the installation of underground distribution facilities for all new commercial and residential developments 9.5.2 9.5.3 9.5.4 Pursue the installation of underground distribution facilities along and adjacent to major gateways and major roadways. Fund the conversion of existing overhead electric facilities to underground on a fiscally responsible basis through electric service initiatives. Develop ordinance criteria that encourage service providers (i.e,, cable, telephone, electricity, data communications, etc.) in the city to convert existing overhead facilities to underground by adopting and promoting the same service criteria utilized by DM E. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 9-7 9.5.5 9.5.6 New primary and transmission electric lines to major load centers may be installuJ overhead except in specially designated areas. (DP p.168) Encourage service providers (i.e., cable, telephone, electricity, data communications, etc.) to comply with the Tree Preservation Code regarding vegetation removal, tree trimming, and planting requirements. Water Denton is located in the Region C Regional Water Planning Area, as designated by the Texas Water Development Board. The Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex is centrally located in the region, and its surrounding counties, including Denton County, are among the fastest growing in the State ofTexas The City’s priority is to ensure that its customers have a sufficient source of raw water for human consumption and daily use. Through existing and future surface water rights, contracts with other entities, and coordinated per capita consumption reduction through 2040, the City plans to provide sufficient water to meet Denton’s population projections Denton treats raw water to state and federal drinking water standards and maintains an infrastructure network to distribute thetreated water across the City. Cost -effective prevention of raw water contamination is addressed proactively by the city through targeted pollution prevention program implementation including a comprehensive Watershed Management Program. The Elm Fork Branch of the Trinity River is the origin of the water sources for the City of Denton and Denton County, and several major creeks that flow into the Elm Fork pass through the western part of Denton. Clear Creek flows through the northern portion, while Cooper Creek, Hickory Creek, and Pecan Creek flow to the southeast through the central area of the city into Lake Lewisville. These creeks also definethe city's watersheds. Denton is served by two lakes: Lake Lewisville and Lake Ray Roberts, both of which were constructed as part of the Trinity Regional Project of the U.S Army Corps of Engineers. Lake Lewisville, located to the south and east of the City of Denton, is one of the City’s primary sources of drinking water. The pumping, treatment and distribution processes associated with the drinking water system require infrastructure maintenance and optimized operational management. As discussed in other Elements of the Comprehensive Plan, long-term capital investment priorities strategically funded by a mixture of government bonds. loans, and grants may be leveraged for future water infrastructure projects 9-8 Infrastructure & Utilities Infrastructure & Utilities GOAL IU-2: Secure and conserve raw water supplies to meet future needs with a sustainable potable water infrastructure Policies and Actions Water Supply: Currently, Denton uses surface water from Lake Lewisville and Lake Ray Roberts to supply water demands. The City currently holds water rights for approximately 24 million gallons per day from these lakes – approximately 4 million gallons per day from Lake Lewisville and approximately 20 million gallons per day from Lake Ray Roberts. The City also has the right to approximately 5 million gallons per day from reuse. If additional water is needed. the City purchases water from the City of Dallas under an existing water supply contract As water demand increases because of population growth and development, proactive regional water planning is necessary to ensure the availability of water for the city’s residents, commercial, and industrial customers. By participating in regional planning groups such as the Water Resources Council of the North Central Texas Council of Governments the City can position itself to influence water supply management strategies that will support the expected population growth in Denton In addition to increasing water demands due to population growth and development, the variability of precipitation in the region has led to, and may potentially continue to cause, drought conditions extending one or more years. The City established a target to reduce per capita water consumption by five percent annually until greater reductions are needed, per the Water Conservation and Drought Contingency Plan (201 9) to increase community resiliency to drought. To assess progress and managethe utility, the city monitors water consumption by metering water usage for all customers and all raw water diversions from Lake Lewisville and Lake Ray Roberts. Continued engagement of the community in water conservation education, compliance with the city’s Water Conservation and Drought Contingency Plan, and coordination of messaging and drought restriction implementation with water suppliers in the region will contribute to the goal of meeting basic water supply demands while reducing water consumption. 9.6 Develop long-term water supply contracts and reduce per capita water use to ensure adequate water supply. 9.6.1 Review, renew, and maintain the city’s untreated water supply contract with the City of Dallas 9.6.2 Participate in regional water planning and secure water supply contracts with local water suppliers such as North Texas Municipal Water District, Tarrant Regional Water District, Upper Trinity Regional Water District and/or Dallas Water Utilities Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 9-9 AU Ai Hdd 9.6.3 Continue to implement the Denton Water Conservation and Drought Contingency Plan to help reduce per capita water use. 9.6.4 9.6.5 Participate in regional coordination of water conservation efforts in North Central Texas such as the Water Efficiency Network of North Texas (WEN NT) to promote collaborative water conservation efforts and synchronized regional messaging Encourage community members to employ best management practices for water reduction such as use of rain barrels and re-using rainwater on premises. Water Infrastructure: With population growth and the further expansion of the city requires the expansion of water infrastructure. The extension of water distribution lines and supporting infrastructure requires substantial capital investment. Encouraging infill development by prioritizing infrastructure investments to support this growth will reduce demands on municipal funds in the long run Currently, residential and commercial developers must pay for infrastructure expansion to new service areas, to which the City must then provide service. State and federal funding mechanisms, such as the Texas Water Development Board’s State Revolving Fund for Drinking Water projects, may be leveraged for future capital investment projects, including efficiency and equipment upgrades 9.7 Develop and operate water infrastructure in cooperation with other entities so that it is safe, reliable, cost effective, limits negative environmental impacts, and sufficient to meet futuredemands. 9.7.1 Promote infrastructure capacity improvements to support infill development, rather than new line extensions that expand the geographic coverage of the city’s infrastructure systems 9.7.2 9.7.3 9.7.4 Work proactively to identify gaps in existing infrastructure to support connectivity of existing networks and reduce leapfrog development. Continue to require residential and commercial developers to pay to extend water distribution infrastructure to service development areas. Anticipate future growth needs by oversizing water distribution lines to meet future development particularly in urban areas subject to fund availability and approval by City Council 9.7.5 9.7.6 Upgrade infrastructure to provide forthetransmission of treated water from the plant and storage facilities through the existing system into newly developed a rea S Balance new elevated storage tanks to the existing elevated storage tanks and allow for adequate refill rates 9-1 0 Infrastructure & Utilities Infrastructure & Utilities 9.7.7 9.7.8 Build additional elevated storage over the next twenty years to accommodatefuture water needs. Establish maintenance regulations that ensures long-term viability of water infrastructure. 9.7.9 Ensure that water is treated and distributed so that water quality meets or exceeds all applicable State and Federal requirements. Wastewater As Denton transitions from a predominantly low density, suburban communityto include more areas of high density urban development, the demand for safe and cost-effective wastewater services across the city will increase. Protecting the environment, and specifically surface water within the Lake Lewisville watershed, is a priority for continued community health Wastewater services address collection lines, lift stations, treatment, and resource recovery. As part of the city’s comprehensive water management strategy, wastewater services are critical to maintaining high quality surface water supplies through treatment plant effluent discharges and inspection, monitoring, and enforcement on-site sewage treatment systems for residential and cornmerciaE properties, Wastewater services include extensive infrastructure networks requiring long-term capital investments for equipment upgrades and operational optimization to maintain system integrity to comply with state and federal regulations. A strategic approach to addressing wastewater capital improvements in coordination with related environmental and water management, both locally and regionally, maximizes city financial resources. Expansion of existing infrastructure, including collection lines and lift stations to service development areas requires partnership and coordination opportunities with developers. In addition to expansion in future growth areas, resizing interceptor lines to accommodate infill development will support the community’s goals for growth and ensure cost effective and sustainable wastewater infrastructure. In addition to serving new development, a wastewater strategy must also incorporate sustainable practices in providing wastewater service options that recognize the vulnerability of the city’s watersheds and water capacity. Reuse of treated wastewater effluent can provide a valuable non- potable water supplement to large volume customers such parks, golf courses, and cemeteries Wastewater system resource recovery will expand as technology options become available. Preserving raw water supplies and protecting the environment from untreated wastewater wiI drive continual improvement to resource recovery options, Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 9-1 1 GOAL IU-3: Protect surface water and groundwater from contamination from untreated wastewater and expand wastewater system resource recovery Policies and Actions Wastewater Service: Currently the City of Denton is divided into several Wastewater Service Basins. Funding to operate and maintain the supporting infrastructure of each service area is provided through an impact fee ordinance which funds the Wastewater Fund The City’s wastewater collection system consists of approximately 550 miles of wastewater lines with approximately 9,500 manholes and 30 City-owned lift stations. The Pecan Creek Water Reclamation Plant, which treats about 1 5 million gallons a day with a peak capacity of 46 million gallons a day, is starting the design on capacity upgrade projects that will provide for future growth of the City. Completed upgrades to the plant will provide additional capacity totaling approximately 30 million gallons per day. The City is developing a Wastewater Master Plan to design future capacity within the City, which is also permitted for a small Water Reclamation Plant at Clear Creek and is purchasing land in preparation for a future Water Reclamation Plant at Hickory Creek. Per the Denton Development Code (DDC), all developments within the jurisdiction of the City shall connect to the City’s sanitary sewage facilities. Residential or commercial properties may implement an on-site sewage system that treats and disposes of no more than 5,000-gallons of sewage per day with pre-approval from the Water Utilities Director. The City enforces a permit program to manage on-site sewage systems as part of a comprehensive, watershed management approach strategy. All communities in areas around Lake Lewisville and Lake Ray Roberts are required to establish effective collection and treatment systems to prevent potential contamination. Active permitting, monitoring, and enforcement are ongoing. Extension of wastewater collection lines and supporting infrastructure require substantial capital investment Residential and commercial developers pay impact fees and are required to extend wastewater infrastructure to new development areas, to which the city must then provide service. State and federal funding mechanisms, such as the Texas Water Development Board’s State Revolving Fund for CEean Water projects, may also be leveraged for future capital investment projects 9.8 Develop and operate wastewater infrastructure in cooperation with other entities sot hat it is safe, reliable, cost effective, limits negative environmental impacts, and is sufficient to meet future demands. 9.8.1 Provide wholesale wastewater services to entities outsidethe Denton area in the Hickory Creek watershed to strategically protect the city’s drinking water intake from wastewater pollutants 9-1 2 Infrastructure & Utilities Infrastructure & Utilities 9.8.2 Continue to work with communities around Lakes Lewisville and Ray Roberts to establish effective collection and treatment systems to alleviate potential water quality problems through active permitting, monitoring, and enforcement. 9.8.3 Locate wastewater facilities in areas that meet engineering criteria and are compatible with adjacent properties to the greatest extent possible. 9.8.4 9.8.5 Continue to require residential and commercial developers pay to extend wastewater collection infrastructure to service development areas Participate in the cost of oversizing wastewater lines to meet future development, subject to fund availability and approval by City Council 9.8.6 9.8.7 Promote inflow/infiltration infrastructure improvements over new line extensions that expand the geographic coverage of the city’s infrastructure systems Maintain system integrity by prohibiting any connection to the city sewer systemthat is overloaded 9.8.8 9.8.9 Enhance existing pretreatment programs to improve influent quality. Establish maintenance regulations that ensures long-term viability of wastewaterinfrastructure 9.8.10 Ensure that wastewater collection, treatment, and associated wastewater support activities meet all applicable local, State, and Federal requirements. Resource Recovery: Several resource recovery strategies are in place in the City of Denton. The Pecan Creek Water Reclamation Plant discharges effluent which is of high enough quality to be safely used for a number of beneficial reuse purposes. For example, an effluent reuse system is in place providing irrigation water for several large customers and is required for the supply of cooling tower water for the Spencer Power Plant. Several entities within Denton have adopted these practices, including the Denton Regional Medical Center, Oakmont Country Club Golf Course, and the Denton State Supported Living Center. Continuing to expand effluent use to industrial and commercial community members as well as to parks and golf courses for irrigation purposes will significantly reduce the use of potable water for non-potable purposes. By using wastewater effluent for non- drinking water applications, costs for treating raw water to higher drinking water standards can beavoided. The creation of strategic partnerships with select industrial and/or commercial large use community members will reduce the demand for raw water supply and treatment while also decreasing the cost of irrigation water to these large volume customers. Partnership opportunities between the City and large volume customers can further leverage water conservation strategies in place at the city and facilitate improved community relationships and coordination. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 9-1 3 The Beneficial Reuse Department takes anaerobically digested biosolids from the Pecan Creek Water Reclamation Plant and combines them with composting and yard trimmings to create compost. This program diverts waste that would otherwise be sent to the landfill and creates soil conditioning products that are marketed to residential and commercial customers as DynoDirt. 9.9 Expand resource recowery options within the wastewater system. 9.9.1 9.9.2 Implement a targeted educational program on the benefits of wastewater effluent reuse to high-volume users for non-potable uses Engage in long-term partnerships that implement wastewater effluent reuse for non-potable uses 9.9.3 9.9.4 Expand the capabilities of providing effluent to the industrial and commercial sectors as well as parks and golf courses for irrigation purposes Evaluate additional biosolid recovery options and expand DynoDirt product production, as practical Stormwater The ever-increasing amount of impervious cover in Denton and the Lake Lewisville sub-basin, as a result of new development, has elevated threats to the quality of Denton’s drinking water supply Stormwater runoff is generated when rainfall flows over land or impervious surfaces and does not infiltratethe ground. As the runoff flows over land or impervious surfaces, debris, chemicals. sediment, or other pollutants are accumulated and discharged to the receiving waterbody. Regulated under the Clean Water Act, the City of Denton maintains National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit coverage as a Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) to address stormwater quality. Protecting water resources and maintaining regulatory compliance are priorities for the city, The Watershed Protection Program, created to address stormwater quality at the watershed level, is an established mechanism for reducing pollutants in Denton’s surface waters. The identification and protection of areas with significant ecological value, termed Environmentally Sensitive Areas (ESAs), serve as important plant and animal habitat areas and also filter pollutants that would otherwise enter surface waters of lakes and streams. The system-level approach to stormwater rnanagernent optimizes program management resources and decreases downstream water treatment requirements due to improved surface water quality The drainage infrastructure in Denton contains both gray (pipes and channelized) and green (natural) infrastructure elements. Increasingly Denton, as well as other cities throughout the world, are implementing low impact development (Ll D) stormwater management methods that incorporate onsite retention, such as rain gardens and cisterns, to decrease amounts of runoff, thereby reducing capital costs to install and maintain traditional infrastructure required to convey stormwater away from property. Cost-effective stormwater infrastructure is available through the 9-14 Infrastructure & Utilities Infrastructure & Utilities incorporation of best management practices (BMP’s) that both maximize natural infiltration to slow stormwater as well as replenish groundwater. Floodplains also are an essential element in green infrastructure, as they provide naturally-occurring water storage areas to contain water during high volume rainfall events. The preservation offloodplains and maximizing floodplain storage availability will decrease hazards to life and property as well as the need forreoccurring infrastructure repair. Regional resources such as the North Central Texas Council of Government’s (NCTCOG’s) iSWM Criteria Manual for Site Development and Construction are available to guide developers and inform development code revisions. The City adopted the iSWM Criteria Manual to address stormwater infrastructure development on a regional/watershed level and implement cost effective stormwater management in targeted areas within the City and to the City as a whole. GOAL IU-4: Protect water quality and maintain underground aquifers by managing stormwater at the watershed level Policies and Actions Water Quality: There are four main watersheds, Cooper Creek, Hickory Creek, Pecan Creek, and Clear Creek that convey water through the city. These watersheds combine to form a sub-basin for Lake Lewisville, the city’s main drinking water source. Per the Clean Water Act and U.S. EPA’s enforcement of the NPDES Stormwater Phase 1 1 rule, the City actively monitors surface water quality from each of its 82 sub-watersheds and implements measures to reduce the quantity of pollutants that stormwater picks up and carries into storm sewer systems during storm events. When deposited into nearby waterways, these pollutants can impair the waterway. This can result in contaminated drinking water supplies, wildlife habitat degradation, and discouraged recreational use of the impaired waterway. An integrated approach to stormwater management to protect the water quality of receiving water bodies, perthe activities described above, is in place. The approach includes implementation of the City’s Municipal Separate Sewer Storm System (MS4) Stormwater Management Program as part of the more encompassing Watershed Protection Program. Continuation of the Watershed Protection Program to reduce the discharge of pollutants to the maximum extent practicable, protect water quality, and satisfy the appropriate water quality requirements of the Clean Water Act will maintain regulatory compliance and protect water quality within each watershed as it discharges into Lake Lewisville. 9.10 Protect the quality of surface water from the negative impacts of erosion, flooding, and pollution. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 9-1 5 9.10.1 Minimize erosion occurring during the physical construction ofinfrastructureand private improvements of developments using adopted best management practices and necessary enforcement, where appropriate. 9.10.2 Provide and oversee a safe, effective drainage system that enhances both the natural and urban environment withinthe city limits by: • Promoting open space and buffer zones to enhance water quality, as addressed in the city’s Watershed Protection Program. • Adopting a more aggressive Capital Improvements Program (CIP) for stormwater facility upgrades and the necessary funding mechanisms to support the additional expenditures. • Developing an education program for residentsto reducethe impacts of erosion, flooding and pollution. • Implementing best practicesto eliminate surface water impacts • Updating impervious surfacecity inventories to inform utility drainagefee revisions 9.10.3 Ensurethat stormwater management meets all applicable local, State, and Federa requirements for both water quantity and water quality. Green Infrastructure: Green infrastructure is an important element of the Comprehensive Plan. It provides a basis for the compact growth framework envisioned for the future of Denton, which is woven together by a system of parks and open spaces and infrastructure that respects and is tied to the natural systems that characterizethe city and region. In terms of stormwater infrastructure, green infrastructure refers to the use of natural and permeable vegetation and soil to manage rainwater where it falls rather than more costly and environmentally harmful “engineered” systems of concrete pipes and culverts. It also can potentially reduce or eliminate street flooding, as green infrastructure can capture the first 1 to 1 ,5 inches of rain, rather than channeling it into engineered stormwater systems. Employing green infrastructure practices can also help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions as compared to traditional gray infrastructure based on the materials used and the lack of energy required to pump stormwater. Regional coordination on stormwater best management practices (BM p’s) for the North Central Texas weather conditions and soil types is led by the NCTCOG. The city should continue to engage the NCTCOG to inform the development of future regional guidance and concurrently implement the iSWM Criteria Manual for Site Development and Construction 9-1 6 Infrastructure & Utilities Infrastructure & Utilities A watershed level approach to upgrading the existing substandard drainage systems will incorporate the minimum control measures enforced through the city-wide Watershed Protection Program and account for stormwater best management practices (BMP’s) 9.11 Upgrade substandard drainage systems in a way that incorFX)rates green infrastructure B MPs and watershed system-level site design. 9.11.1 Provide low impact drainage facilities by reserving a sufficient amount of land for landscaping, green space, or other permeable areas based on fully developed watershed conditions in developments 9.11.2 Continueto implement the North Central Texas Council of Government’s (NCTCOG’s) iSWM Criteria Manual for Site Development and Construction and continue to participate with regional groups to identify and implement best practices. 9.11.3 Coordinate drainage infrastructure development withoperational best practices and the city's Watershed Protection Program 9.11.4 Educatethe publicon thevalueof low impact drainage systems 9.11.5 Establish maintenance regulations that ensures long-term viability of green infrastructure systems. 9.11.6 Ensurethat aII infrastructure improvements in the Capital Improvement Plan (CIP) are evaluated to consider if they are furthering green infrastructure goals Low-Impact Development: Criteria for low-impact development continues to evolve in the form of regional, state, and national best management practices (BMP’s). The application of the BMP’s as embraced in the city’s Watershed Protection Program, will provide guidance for developers and city engineers, Strategic water quality and quantity management practices should coordinate with regulatory MS4 permitting requirements. Proactive incorporation of low-impact criteria in development standards can contribute to decreased costs to convey the overflow, with greater on-site infiltration that recharges the groundwater aquifer and naturally improves water quality through the natural soil filtration process Plant selection as part of a holistic landscape design and management are key components to a comprehensive water management strategy for a site. Strategic selection of drought-tolerant plant materials and water-efficient irrigation practices decrease water demand for landscape maintenance. BM Ps such as xeriscaping, use of weather-based irrigation controllers, drip irrigation and the cycle-soak method approved for North Central Texas predominant clay soil by Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Office are common examples for the region. These landscape practices are part of an inclusive low-impact development approach for the City Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 9-17 a\/M] ~; iI Ai IFA 9.12 Apply low impact development criteria, including green infrastructure practices approved as part of the city's Watershed Protection Program, to new development and redevelopment projects. 9.12.1 Adhere to the NCTCOG’s iSWM Criteria Manual for Site Development and Construction and continue to participate in regional coordination to develop best on-site water management practices. Ensure that measures are regularly enforcedand not waived. 9.12.2 UpdatetheDra/nage Design Criteria Manual and Denton Development Code Subchapters 1 8 and 1 9 to address low impact development, including greeninfrastructure BM Ps. 9.12.3 Updatethe landscaping standards of the Denton Development Codeto promote use of drought-tolerant plant materials and water-efficient irrigation practices in all new development 9.12.4 Promote low-impact development implementation to improve stormwater quantity and quality system-wide. 9.12.5 Revise policies that allow use of man-made water features for decorative purposes only. Require polices that expand basin functionality such as for stormwater detention, irrigation water storage, wildlife habitat or other related purposes 9.12.6 Encourage parking areas to include low-impact development features such as pervious pavers, or to be accommodated on un-paved land, especially in the case of overflow parking Flood Protection: Due to its location at the confluence of several creeks, Denton has some areas that are susceptible to flooding. Periodically, areas within the 1 00-year floodplain are flooded which results in threats to life and property, health and safety hazards, as well as disruption of commerce and governmental services and extraordinary public expenditures for rescue and recovery efforts. The cycle of build and rebuild in flood-prone areas is economically unsustainable and environmentally degrading to a city Flood losses are created by the cumulative effect of obstructions in floodplains that reduce water storage capacity. This results in floodplain constrictions which exacerbates flood heights and water flow velocities extending the potential for flood damage beyond the 1 00-year floodplain. To reduce these elevated flood risks, proactive management of the 1 00-year floodplain is necessary to increase water storage capacity by removing existing structures and otherwise restore more natural floodplain conditions 9-1 8 Infrastructure & Utilities Infrastructure & Utilities 9.13 Protect the 1 00-yearfloodplainto reduce flooding and improve water quality. 9.13.1 Remove existing structures from oradjacenttothe 1 00-year floodplain as opportunities come available. 9.13.2 Establish and preserve natural channels with appropriate vegetation and daylighting to improve water quality, restore natural habitat and maximize rnanagernent opportunIties. 9.13.3 Prevent any new structures from being constructed in the 1 00-year floodplain. For property located in the floodplain, affected undevelopable property may be dedicated to homeowners’ associations or directly to the city as a park or open space area as one lot. 9.13.4 Preserve, protect and, where possible. dedicate floodplains to the city in accordance with the city's Watershed Protection Program and the Parks, Recreation, and Trail System Master Plan to accommodate multiple functions for flood conveyance. transportation (trails), recreation and open space, habitat protection, and environmental preservation, 9.13.5 Upgradethe flood monitoring system to include predictiveflooding condition capabilities. Solid Waste & Recycling GOAL IU-5: Protect public and environmental health and conserve natural resources through waste minimization, materials reuse, and maximum material recovery; enhance community appearance and control costs with efficient collection of solid waste and recycling Policies and Actions Waste Minimization and Resource Recovery: The City continues to look for ways to reduce solid waste generation and divert waste away from landfill disposal through increased recycling and reuse options on a regular basis. (Simply Sustainable, 2020) Long-term sustainable materials management shifts people’s perceptions of waste to being a valuable resource. It requires participation by an entire community and education is the key to program success. Innovative outreach and education methods are needed to both inform residents about program rules, and gain the support needed to invest in long-term waste management strategies. Supporting community engagement as part of a comprehensive sustainable material management approach will further enhance the City’s efforts to prolong the life of the landfill and provide long-term economic benefits. Solid Waste & Recycling (SW&R) Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 9-1 9 AU Ai informs residents and customers directly, and through organizations and institutions such as Denton ISD, UNT, and TWU; the Chamber of Commerce; and the non-profit community. Solid Waste Management Metrics, Goals, Objectives, and activities can be found in the City of Denton's Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Strategy. 9-20 Infrastructure & Utilities 10 1 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring Overview The Vision embodied in the Comprehensive Plan will be realized by actions taken consistently by all city departments to apply its policies and strategies, in coordination with development interests, neighborhood associations, local institutions and school districts, and the community at large. Effective implementation will require continuous and consistent use of The Comprehensive Plan as a key reference for decisions and actions pertaining to growth management, zoning, annexation, development and road and infrastructure investments. It affects all operations and activities of the City of Denton, not merely those of the Planning and Development Department. The Plan is designed to be an evolving, working document that will guide the city in making decisions, establishing priorities, and committing to actions to positively shape the future of Denton The individual Elements of The Comprehensive Plan call for policies and specific actions to bring about the positive achievements reflected in the Community Vision Statement. This chapter lays out a program for the implementation of the policies and actions consisting of four key components: • Principles to guide future planning and decision-making for consistency with The Comprehensive Plan • Procedures for amending, updating, and monitoring progress in implementation of The Comprehensive Plan • Guidelines for area planning and mixed-use development and for establishing priorities for area planning • An Action Plan that synthesizes the policies and strategies from the Plan Elements into short- term, mid-term, long-term and ongoing actions, with assigned responsibilities. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-1 Legal Authority Texas law provides basic guidance to municipalities for developing and applying comprehensive plans. Chapter 213 of the Local Government Code (LGC), grants local municipalities discretionary powers to define the content and organization of a comprehensive plan for the promotion of sound development and the protection of public health, safety and welfare. While the wording of Chapter 213, that a municipality may adopt a comprehensive plan, could be interpreted that adoption of a comprehensive plan is non-compulsory by local governments, Chapter 21 ] of the LGC recognizes the importance of comprehensive planning and stipulates requirements. Consequently Texas municipalities that adopt zoning must also have a comprehensive plan to base it on. Further, Section 21 2.010 of the LGC also includes conformance with a municipality's 'generaF plan for extension” as one of the requirements for approval of development plats. Principles Upon adoption, the Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan replaces the Denton Plan 2030 and will become a key policy document, separate and distinct from zoning, but to which future zoning and regulations in the Denton Development Code (DDC) shall be made consistent. The following are more specific principles that the City will be following to assure compliance, as well as to amend, monitor, and update The Comprehensive Plan Principle 1: Plan Hierarchy - Consistency of All City Plans with the Comprehensive Plan With the adoption of the Comprehensive Plan it will become the overarching policy document, establishing the Community Vision as well and the policies and strategies pertaining to all aspects of the city’s development. This plan hierarchy is as follows. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan is the policy reference for all subsequent plans which will be developed in a manner to implement the provisions of the Comprehensive Plan. City-wide Topical Plans These include plans that pertain to a specific subject area or aspect of the city’s functionality applicable city wide. Revisions to current plans and the creation of new plans will be made in conformance with The Comprehensive Plan, These include, but are not limited to the following • Mobility Plan • Capital Improvement Plan • Infrastructure Plan (water, sewer, stormwater) • Urban Design Plan 10-2 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & MonItoring Area Plans An area plan is a plan that is developed for a clearly delineated area that addresses specific issues and challenges with more detailed actions and strategies than is provided in the Comprehensive Plan. The Comprehensive Plan provides precedent to Area Plan when recommendations from the Area Plan are not consistent with the Comprehensive Plan. A methodology to prioritize the need for area plans and a template for how to carry out area planning is provided below. Area plans include the following • Downtown Master Plan /DTIP • Downtown Compatibility Area • Neighborhood/ University Compatibility Area • Centers and Corridors • Neighborhood Plans Site Specific Plans These include plans for site specific public facilities, These may include the following • Denton Enterprise Airport Master Plan • Park master plans • Utility plant master plans • Other governmental facility master plans These plans are illustrated in general in Figure 1 .8: Plan Hierarchy Principle 2: Consistency of zoning and related development regulations and ordinances with The Comprehensive Plan The Land Use and other Plan Elements propose revisions to present zoning and deveEopment regulations, such as new standards and incentives for mixed-use development in the Downtown area and in other centers and corridors. After adoption, the city should review the DDC and other regulations for consistency with these and other policies and actions called for in The Comprehensive Plan and with the Future Land Use Map (FLUM). Where inconsistencies are identified, the DDC will be amended. This does not suggest that, upon Plan adoption. the zoning map and its various zoning districts must undergo a wholesale revision. Instead, this principle calls for the City to implement a staged program over time to align its zoning map and development regulations with The Comprehensive Plan policies and actions. Suggested priorities and time-frames for regulatory changes are in Table 10.2: Action Plan. It is important to note that the FLUM does not become or replace present zoning district designations on the zoning map. In fact, LGC Sec. 21 3.005 contains this specific requirement. A map of a comprehensive plan illustrating future land use shall contain the following clearly visible Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-3 statement " A comprehensive plan shall not constitute zoning regulations or establish zoning district boundaries ." Instead, the Future Land Use Map conceptually depicts relatively broad categories of land use. Each of these land use categories may accommodate more than a single zoning district, and they will also serve as a guide for considering future rezoning While the Zoning Map, and its associated zoning districts, defines specific uses and development types currently permitted for individual properties, the FLUM depicts more broadly, the likely pattern of land uses that may exist in the future. Therefore, the FLUM does not directly determine the specific development that may be approved for a particular property. Applicants for zoning changes must demonstrate that the proposed use / development is consistent with the land use designation on the FLUM. However, consistency with the FLUM is only one of several considerations, and all other development criteria must be met for a rezoning approval, per the process laid out in the DDC. Because FLUM designations are considerably broader than provided in specific zoning districts, several different zoning districts may conform to the provisions of a single FLUM land use category, Principle 3: Consistency of re-zonings and development approvals with The Comprehensive Plan To provide a greater degree of certainty and direction to the development process, the goals, policies and actions should be used in conjunction with the Comprehensive Plan to evaluate all requests for re-zoning and development approvals, Proposed developments or uses that clearly support implementation of the Plan should be approved. Conversely, re-zonings for developments or uses that are inconsistent with the Plan, should not be granted approval, until and unless the policies of the Plan are amended based on findings of fact that clearly demonstrate the need for modification Because the policies of the Plan are broader than present zoning and development regulations, most development applications that are consistent with present zoning will also be consistent with the comprehensive plan, in fact, in many cases, particularly those involving re-zoning, the Plan review process will add additional flexibility in the development review and zone change process. This will be true particularly in areas designated for mixed-use, and in centers and corridors, where underlying zoning is more limited than that depicted in the FLUM. However, in cases where a proposed development, larger than a specified magnitude, is in clear conflict with the Comprehensive Plan, such approvals may not be granted unless and until the Plan is amended, in the same manner as it was adopted (see section below on plan amendments) Principle 4: The City Council shall consider consistency with the Comprehensive Plan as a factor in making decisions on proposed programs, projects, and initiatives While a key focus of the Comprehensive Plan is on Land Use, other goals, policies and actions influence every aspect of the City's governance beyond the activities of the Planning and Development Department. Effective implementation of the Plan will depend in part on the extent to which present and future councils take into account consistency with The Comprehensive Plan in 10-4 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring the decision-making process. The following are recommended components of a procedure to ensure consistency with The Comprehensive Plan • Identify specific task schedules, resources and responsibilities for revising the DDC and related development standards to be consistent with the Comprehensive Plan, in accordance with the timeframes and priorities established in Table 10.2. • Establish a framework for staff reporting to the City Council regarding the consistency of relevant projects, programs and initiatives with The Comprehensive Plan • Adopt provisions to modify the Capital Improvement Program (CIP) process to reflect policies, actions, and priorities established in The Comprehensive Plan. • Dedicate staff to the implementation of The Comprehensive Plan This procedure should be established within one year of adoption of the Comprehensive Plan and maintained through its implementation Principle 5: The City shall prepare a Monitoring and Evaluation Report that will include metrics assigned to appropriate actions to measure progress of implementing the goals ofthe Plan. Where metrics are not applicable, they are strongly encouraged to be included in existing and recommended pEarls, regulations, programs, and other efforts outlined in The Comprehensive Plan The following are components of the Monitoring and Evaluation Report: • The Planning and Development Department, supported by the Technical Advisory Committee. will prepare the Monitoring and Evaluation Report • The Monitoring and Evaluation Report shall be reviewed by the Planning and Zoning Commission and City Council on an annual basis • The Monitoring and Evaluation Report shall include the following items: • An Executive Summary which will include key accomplishments, impediments encountered, and any recommended changes to the Action Plan. • An Action Plan Status which will include a description of the key action, status, description of achievement, completion date, and if applicable - details of metrics • Metrics including timeframes or numeric indicators. Metrics shall be reviewed against by the responsible Department or appropriate groups to make sure that the goals of The Comprehensive Plan are being met. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-5 Amendments, Monitoring and Updating Plan Amendments Plan amendments are periodic, substantive changes to The Comprehensive Plan and its associated goals, policies and actions, as well as changes to the FLUM which are necessary to accommodate changed or unforeseen circumstances, in a manner consistent with the publicinterest The Comprehensive Plan provides for reasonable flexibility in interpretation, but to have relevance over time, it should be kept current but should not be subject to continuous amendment as a result to developments in progress. Therefore, the Planning and Zoning Commission and City Council will accept applications for Plan amendments on a bi-annual basis via staff requests. When a rezoning request is submitted, staff will evaluate its consistency with the overall goals and objectives of the Plan. If consistent with the Comprehensive Plan overall, staff should recommend approval of rezoning requests, even if they do not match the FLUM. Likewise, if a proposed rezoning request is consistent with the FLUM, but inconsistent with the overall goals and objectives of The Comprehensive Plan, staff should recommend denial of the request. The City’s approval of a Plan amendment request should be based on the following criteria That there have been significant changes of an economic, physical, or social nature, which were not anticipated in The Comprehensive Plan and which have substantially alter the basic character of such area (such as the impact of a new highway or a natural disaster) OR there is demonstrated overriding public benefit of the change. This may include planning for a major public facility or amenity, a major source of employment, or an economic development asset that cannot be accommodated without the amendment, as long as it is demonstrated to be consistent with the overall Community Vision Statement and the four themes of sustainability. community character, mobility, and community health established by The Comprehensive Plan Plan Monitoring and Updating To avoid The Comprehensive Plan from becoming outdated or irrelevant, the Planning and Zoning Commission, and the Planning and Development Department, on behalf of City Council will monitor plan implementation progress annually, and will conduct a thorough review, revision, and update of the Comprehensive Plan at least every five years Annual Monitoring At the anniversary of plan adoption, the Planning and Development Department shall submit a Monitoring and Evaluation Report indicating actions taken and progress made toward plan implementation during the previous year. The Monitoring and Evaluation Report shall contain a summary of key accomplishments, impediments encountered, and recommended updates to the Action Plan in terms of priorities, timing, and assigned responsibilities. 10-6 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring •Measures of success should be developed as part of an overall plan-monitoring program, to evaluate the effectiveness of implementation efforts and adherence to the plan. These measures may include timeframes for specific completion of actions, or numeric indicators (e.g., number of new miles of bicycle paths; street connectivity ratio; number of acres for usable parkland reserved in new development; etc.) • Include provisions for a process to monitor implementation progress and adopt Plan amendments (per the previous section), including consideration of an ongoing role for the Citizens Advisory Committee (CAC) or other vehicle for continuous citizen participation. • Maintain dialogue with the Technical Advisory Committee, continue public awareness and encourage citizen participation with a variety of community interest groups and other stakeholders on an ongoing. as-needed basis to help implement and monitor the policies, actions, and priorities in the Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan Updating / Plan Revision Every five years or less, a process shall be initiated to revise and adopt an updated comprehensive plan. The revision process shall include the following: • Creation of a new CAC, or other working group to guide the update process • Preparation of a The Comprehensive Plan Evaluation Report. documenting Plan effectiveness and implementation efforts, identifying constraints upon implementation, and summarizing trends and challenges which have emerged or changed in the period since plan adoption • Revision of goals, policies, and actions to reflect changing circumstances, emerging needs and opportunities, and expressed citizen priorities. • Revisions to the FLUM based on the criteria above Guidelines for Area Plans and Mixed-use Development Criteria for Determining Priorities for Area Planning An important component of the implementation strategy for The Comprehensive Plan is subsequent area planning to address issues specific to certain areas of the city, including area plans for the Neighborhood/ University and Downtown Compatibility Areas, neighborhoods, and for designated centers and corridors. Because of the potential number of areas plans, with limited resources the city must be selective in setting priorities for the conduct of area plans. The following factors shall be considered in setting area planning priorities: • A major development opportunity and/or imminent change in land use. • An area experiencing land use change, deterioration or abandonment • Expressed community interest Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-7 • Partnership / funding opportunity (university, developer, property owners). • Need to plan for the introduction of specific desired uses (mixed-uses, technology/business center, senior housing, etc.) Area Planning Guidelines While comprehensive plans provide broad goals, policies and strategies applicable at the scale of the community, city and region, they are limited in their ability to address the finer grain planning and development issues at the scale of individual neighborhoods, districts, centers and corridors Consequently, the Land Use Element, and corresponding policies in the Community Character and Urban Design and Housing and Neighborhood Elements, calls for the development of Area Plans to address site-specific development issues in areas presenting unique challenges and opportunities. While the approach to conducting area planning must flexibly be adjusted to reflect particular local circumstances, the following offers baseline guidance and a procedures for prioritizing the need for, developing and implementing such plans Purpose of an Area Plan • To respond to a localized challenge or opportunity (land use obsolescence, neighborhood impacts from adjacent uses, redevelopment opportunities, community character enhancement, etc.) • To provide an opportunity for community members and stakeholders to provide input, create a shared vision, and influence city land use and development policy, • To apply comprehensive plan principles to the specific circumstances of area plans. • To create public support for implementation actions (zoning changes, capital improvements, etc.) Area Planning Process The following provides a conceptual template of a process to develop an Area Plan as well as a 'menu“ of topics and contents that may be included Step One - Plan Initiation and Mobilization • Identify plan development parameters (purpose, study area boundaries, stakeholders, timeframe, etc.) • Identify key issues to be addressed (land use, redevelopment, traffic, aesthetics, etc.) • Prepare Work Plan - Identify resources required (staff time, data, mapping, consultants, etc.) • Retain consultants, if required • Appoint Technical Committee (key staff from Planning and Development and other city departments) 10-8 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring • Establish Stakeholder Steering Committee and/or Focus Group (area residents, businesses, property owners, institutions. neighborhood associations, development interests, etc.) • Create Public Involvement Plan (community forums, website, notification protocols, emai lists, etc.) Step Two - Vision / Existing Conditions Documentation Vision Forum Conduct one or more public forums to solicit stakeholder input concerning current issues and problems and aspirations for future development and enhancement within the area plan. Identify areas of consensus to articulate a Vision and Statement of Purpose for the Area Plan Existing Conditions Documentation The contents of the existing conditions documentation may include mapping and analyses of some, or all, of the following, particular to the area plan identified Overall • Strengths / Weaknesses / Opportunities / Challenges • Development / redevelopment opportunity sites • Project Goals and Objectives Land Use and Development • Existing land use • Land use change • Vacant land • Building and property condition • Adjacent use impacts Community Character • Historic / architectural character • Landscape character • Urban design (scale, neighborhoods edges, landmarks, etc.) Socio-Economic Issues • Population / demographics • Market demand • Property tax base Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-9 Traffic and Mobility • Vehicular, pedestrian and bicycle circulation • Hazards Infrastructure • Potable water, sewer, stormwater system condition and capacity Public Facilities and Services • Parks and recreation • Schools • Emergency Services • Special use facilities (daycare, senior centers, health centers, etc.) Step Three - Plan Development Concept Development Consultants, technical committee, and steering committee / focus groups develop and depict alternative concepts for some or all of the following • Land use • Character enhancement • Traffic and mobility • Infrastructure • public facilities and Services • Economic development Concept Review Forum Conduct one or more public forums to solicit stakeholder input concerning alternative concepts and identify areas of consensus City Council / Planning and Zoning Commission Review Review alternative concepts and forum input with City Council and Planning and Zoning Commission Plan Preparation Consultants, technical committee, and steering committee / focus groups prepare draft Area Plan 10-1 0 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring Step Four - Plan Review and Adoption Area Plan Review Forum Conduct one or more public forums to solicit stakeholder input concerning draft Area Plan City Council / Planning and Zoning Commission Review Review Draft Area Plan and forum input with City Council and Planning and Zoning Commission Final Area Plan Prepare Final Area Plan based on direction from City Council and Planning and Zoning Commission Step Five - Plan Implementation Land use components of Area Plans will be implemented in one of two ways; zoning overlay districts or new zoning districts. Zoning Overlay Districts Where the future land uses identified in an Area Plan are consistent with uses permitted within existing zoning districts, Zoning Overlay Districts are the preferred method of adjusting development standards and use provisions. For example, in formerly single use districts, such as highway commercial and residential areas where these will remain the predominant uses, zoning overlays can be used to introduce a mixed-use pattern. Specifically, the overlay districts would specify what complimentary land uses not permitted in the underlying zoning districts would be allowed either as permitted or conditional uses. Likewise, zoning overlays can modify the development standards in the underlying zoning districts, such as relaxing parking requirements in areas converting to mixed-use, or providing bonus densities to promote the introduction of affordable housing and mixed-use, New Zoning Districts In cases where an Area Plan calls for a change in a predominant existing land use, for example, the redevelopment of older industrial areas for commercial or mixed-use. entirely new zoning districts should be created to provide for a new set of permitted uses and applicable development standards. Mixed-use Development Guidelines While the concept of mixed-use, that is, complimentary uses such as "corner stores" as well as schools, parks and places of worship woven into the fabric of traditional neighborhoods, is generally well understood, the term "mixed-use” has two very different connotations. The concept of mixed-use as it applies to districts such as Downtown Denton, where there are hundreds of properties under separate ownership, means that a "mix of uses" is permitted on individual sites, such as offices, shops, restaurants, and high density residential that, although developed separately, together comprise a mixed-use district. Another connotation of mixed-use is a "mixed- Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-1 1 use development," meaning a large development under single ownership developed with multiple comptementary uses. Mixed-use developments can be one of two configurations: vertical mixed- use consists of multi-story structures in urban centers, typically with ground floor retail use and with either residential apartments or offices on upper floors. Horizontal mixed-use simply means a mixture of complimentary uses on adjoining sites within a well-connected and walkable development pattern. Table 10.1 Mixed - use Development Potential Land Use Mix Ratios Mixed - use District Acres Primary Uses Complimentary! Uses Commercial MinRatio 20%Residential Office Commercial Residential Office Downtown 3 acres (or city block)Commercial Residential / OffIce Commercial Commercial 20% 10% 10% 10%Downtown Compatibility Area 3 acres (or city block)Commercial Residential Office Commercial Institutional Commercial Office/ Residential Commercial Commercial Office/ Residential Office/Commercial Residential / Office OffIce/Commercial Commercial / Residential Commercial Commercial Office/ Residential 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 15% 10% Regional Mixed-use 20 acres Community Mixed-use Neighborhood Mixed-use 10 acres 5 acres 20 acres Residential Business Innovation Office/ Light Industrial 10% 10% 10% 10% Neighborhood/ University Compatibility Area 3 acres (or city block) Residential Office Commercial Source: WRT, 2014 While mixed-use is generally to be encouraged due to inherent land use efficiencies, reduced parking demands and greaterwalkability, the actual "mix” which is achievable depends upon multiple factors related to site context and market demand. Some communities have attempted to mandate mixed-use, for example, requiring that retail cover the entire ground floor of multi-story building. Although well intentioned, vacant storefronts are often the result, where residential and offices uses above do not support the amount of required retail development While the existing DDC makes provisions for mixed-use there remain certain impediments to achieving mixed-use development, including the lack of definition of specific mixed-uses appropriate for various areas of the city, as well as development standards such as parking 10-1 2 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring requirements, which are not well adapted to accommodate mixed-use development. In the spirit of this call for flexibility in providing for mixed-use development, the following parameters are offered as general guidelines for large scale mixed-use development to prevent large single use developments from interrupting the use synergies intended for the seven mixed-use districts identified in the Land Use Element. Implementation of the mixed-use land use designations can be in the form of new mixed-use zoning districts, or overlay districts to modify development standards applicable to existing zoning districts. For each mixed-use designation, shown in Table 10,1, one or more permitted primary uses are identified along with permitted complimentary uses and the minimum ratio of such uses to primary uses based on development square footage. For example, a primarily-residential development of 3 acres or 3 city blocks in Downtown would ideally include a minimum of 20 percent of developable square footage as commercial uses. Action Plan The Denton 2040 Action Plan, contained in Table 1 0.2, synthesizes the recommended actions to implement The Comprehensive Plan according to timeframe and relative priority. Six general types of actions and potential implementation tools are included, defined as follows: • Planning: Actions that involve additional planning or study to address specific issues. An example of this are the Area Plans, as recommended for compatibility areas and for centers and corridors, as well as studies such as the recommended Urban Design Plan, • Regulation: Actions that involve development of new regulations and revisions to the Denton Development Code to include tools such as overlay districts, new zoning districts, density bonus provisions, etc • Program: Actions involving a series of steps to be carried out to accomplish an objective • Capital: Actions that involve investments through the city’s Capital Improvement Program, as well as potential funding mechanisms, including Tax Investment Reinvestment Zones (TIRZs) and Public Improvement Districts (PIDs) • Outreach: Actions involving outreach to the public and residents • Partnerships: These include actions that involve coordination or collaboration with one or more entities to implement the action, such as coordination with UNT and TWU in conducting area planning for the Neighborhood/University Compatibility Areas The actions are organized according to each Element of Comprehensive Plan. Reference to relevant actions from other Elements are provided for each action. The actions are assigned to one of four timeframes, established to prioritize and organize the actions of Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan into manageable and realistic groupings for implementation. • Short-term: These are actions that should be addressed within three (3) years of Plan adoption. Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-1 3 • Mid-term: These are actions that should be addressed within a range of 3-5 years from Plan adoption • Long-term: This includes actions designated to be carried out beyond five (5) or more years from adoption • Ongoing: These actions are currently being addressed, or should be addressed on a continuing basis, The Action Plan is not intended to be definitive prescription, or a rigid formula, it is suggested as a framework to guide decision-making and the allocation of resources; a "task list" to ensure steady progress in implementing Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan, The Action Plan does not preclude certain actions from being implemented earlier or later than indicated, subject to the availability of resources. However, the degree of success in implementing the Plan will reflect Denton’s ability to consistently act in accordance with the Action Plan Action Type (Planning; Regulation;Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) Responsible Department orAgency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related Items Partners Using parcel level data, track landuse changes associated with b development and redevelopment and [ revise Existing Land Use Map no less than annually. 2.1.1 Planning I Short Planning & Development 1 Revise zoning districts to be consistent with the future land uses. Use the FLUM as the guide to all future development, as an extension of the Preferred Growth Concept. Identify procedures to streamline and reduce time in the approval process for developmentsdemonstrated to be consistent with Ithe FLUM and the policies herein.Reference the Comprehensive Plan Fiscal Impact Analysis (FIA) to demonstrate the fiscal impacts ofdevelopment as prescribed by the Preferred Growth Concept. 2.2.1; 2.2.2; 2.2.3; 2.17.3; 3.1.1; 3.2.1; 3.11.1; Regulation 1 Short Planning & Development Planning and ZoningCommission 2 10-14 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring Action Type (Planning;Regulation; Program; Capital;Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) ResponsibleDepartment or Agency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Create Area Plans to implement the mixed use zoning districts. Encourage and Incentivize area plans that promote multi-modal transportation and walkability. Update the DDC to allow publicly owned and managed trails within riparian buffers and water relatedareas. 2.3.1; 3.11.1; 3.12.1 ; 4.2.6; 6.3.1; 7.8.6; 8.3.1 e Planning & Development Planning and ZoningCommission.Historic Landmark Commission 3 2.4.4: 2.11.1 Regulation 1 Short Planning & Development; Engineering;Parks and recreation Parks Board 4 Update the Capital ImprovementPlan (CIP) to prioritize the implementation of the Comprehensive Plan, the Mobility Plan. and the Parks. Recreation, and Trail System Master Plan, consistent 1 with the preferred land preservation option green infrastructure priorities, and context sensitive street design (complete streets). Engage the Bond Committee in the annual CIP update process. Continue monthly communication and coordinated planning with the following entities, includingcoordinated standards for roads, infrastructure, ecosystem protection, gauging regional impacts, and historic preservation standards: Denton Independent School District I (DISD) concerning school siting and impact review Denton County Denton County Transportation Authority (DCTA) Utility providers Surrounding municipalitiesNorth Central Texas Council of Governments (NCTCOG) 2.4.1; 2.4.2; 2.4.4 2.8.3; 3.9.4; 3.9.3; 3.9.5; 3.9.6; 3.9.7; 3.9.9; 4.2.8; 5.1.4; 6.1.3; 9.10.2;9.11.7 Capital/ Program Short, On.going Engineering, Planning & Development,Parks & Recreation. and Environmental Services Mobility Committee,Parks Board 5 2.5.1 ; 2.15.1; 2.15.2; 5.6.7 Partnership jongoing All Departments DISD, Denton County, DCTA. Utility providers, Municipalities, andNCTCOG 6 Revise and update the ImplementltiQn Plan (DTIP) to target residential development, including affordable housing through adaptive re.use, use of upper stories, and infill development/redevelopment. 2.6.1 ;7.1.1; 7.1.3 a Planning & Developmentand Economic Development Denton Main StreetAssociation and Economic Development Partnership Board,Downtown Task Force 7 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-1 5 Action Type (Planning; Regulation; Program; Capital;Outreach Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) Responsible Department or Agency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) ReferencedActions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners QI t;hat will identify the character and regulations of the Downtown Denton Future Land Use designation, to I include development standards,historic resource preservation, etc. 2.6.6; 4.3.3; 7.1.2; 4.12.2 Planning Short Planning & Developmentand Economic development Downtown Mainstreet Association, Economic Development Partnership Board,Downtown Task Force 8 Coordinate and update the DTIP and Downtown and University Area AreaPlans to address common issues such as preservation of historicstructure and features that are shared throughout the urban core. 2.6.3 Planning I Short Planning & Developmentand Economic development Downtown Mainstreet Association, Economic Development Partnership Board,Downtown Task Force, Historic Landmark Commission 9 Consider creation of a new entity(ies) to promote, market and develop Downtown Denton, asidentified in the DTIP, such as a Downtown Parking Management Authority.Refocus the TIRZ in the Downtown area so that it incorporates the new economic development strategies and incentives to supportdevelopment and historic preservation. 2.6.5, 3.10.2; 4.4.3 Planning Short Economic Developmentand Planning & Development Downtown Mainstreet Association. Economic Development Partnership Board,Downtown Task Force; Historic Landmark Commission 10 Monitor and Update Neighborhood/University Area Plans with UNT and TWU, including development standards for urban design, streetscape, scale, andarchitectural character and coordinate them with the Downtown Area Plan and the updated DUP.Coordinate with historic resource preservation programs and encourage more communityinteraction with the universities and the City by linking physical accessbetween these institutions and public property. 2.7.1 : 2.7.3;; 4.3.5;; 4.12.2;4.14.3: 5.2.7; 7.1.4 Planning Mid Planning & Developmentand Economic Development UNT, TWU, HistoricLandmark Commission 11 10-1 6 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Moni_torin_g Action Type (Planning;Regulation; Program;Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term,Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) Responsible Department orAgency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Establish and update agreements for joint city - university planning within the Neighborhood/University Compatibility Area, focusing onissues such as: Creation of redevelopment target areas surrounding blighted properties Regulation of on-street and off street parking Pedestrian and bicycle facility improvement Hazard mitigation Housing WayfindingHistoric Preservation • • • •• l• 2.7.2; 7.1.5 Partnership Mid Planning & Development UNT. TWU, HistoricLandmark Commission 12 Create for priority corridors and centers and existingcharacter areas consistent with the Focus Areas Concept. Engage the community in the creation of these plans. Consider developing AreaPlans around existing and futureDCTA rail stations 2.8.1 ; 2.17.1; 4.12.1 ; 4.12.3; 7.1.6: 6.18.2 Planning Mid Planning & Developmentand Economic Development DCTA 13 Create a prioritization of centers,corridors, and other focus areas inorder to streamline and direct the process of creating of Area Plans. Establish Qvj£Lwngd£b or new zoning districts as a result of Area Plans that apply revised development standards tailored to specific corridors and centers Through the city's Capital Improvement Program (CIP), prioritize investments in designatedcorridors and centers based on mobility recommendations andstreet standards. 4.12.4 Planning Short Planning & Development DCTA 14 2.8.2; 4.12.5; 7.1.6; Regulation Long Planning & Development 15 2.8.3; 6.1.2 Regulation On-going r and Planning & Development16 Establish Area Plans and Overlay 12.8.4 Districts for employment focus areas to support industry clusters such as high-tech arks and rail/freight focused developments and minimize impacts to nearby residential landuses. Planning Short Planning & Development 17 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-17 Action Type (Planning;Regulation; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term,Mid-term, Long-term,Ongoing) ResponsibleDepartment orAgency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) ReferencedActions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Conduct an inventory to identifyareas of infill development/redevelopment potential within established neighborhoods and establish criteria to establish guidelines to prevent impacts and encroachment of incompatible uses, development scales, and intensities.. 2.9.1; 2.9.2 Planning [Short Planning & Development 18 Establish criteria to identify thecharacteristics of compatible infilI development/redevelopment and identify and remove impediments. 2.9.2; 2.9.3; 7.8.3; 7.8.4 a Regulation Planning & Developmentand Environmental Services 19 Create an inventory of underutilizedand abandoned “big box" retail structures as potential adaptive reuse, infill, and redevelopmentsites 2.10.1 Planning I Mid Planning & Development 20 10-1 8 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring Action Type (Planning; Regulation; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) Responsible Department orAgency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Establish a process to facilitaterevisions to the land use mix and design of approved and futureMaster Planned Communities (MPCs) including: • Design that furthers the goals and policies of ComprehensivePlan and the Preferred Growth Concept A mix of housing types to reflect changing demographics and housing preferences • Appropriate siting of schools, civic buildings and community • 2.11.1; 2.11.3; 5.6.4; 7.6.1 Planning/ Regulation Short Planning & Developmentand Environmental Services amenities Adjacency to existing transportation infrastructure systems Conservation development where appropriate• Incorporation of compact, mixed use, and walkable development patterns The integration of area-wide trails, greenways, and greeninfrastructure elements Developable acreage that is in balance of overall development of the city. Improved architectural and neighborhood design features.Open space provisionUse Area Plans to assess MPCs. • • • • appropriate redesign of approved • 21 o Public Facilities Ordinance and green 1 5.4.13 infrastructure requirements to complement existing tools for growth management. Regulation 1 Short Water. Wastewater. and Engineering andPlanning & Development Public Utilities Board 22 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-1 9 Action Type (Planning; Regulation; Program; CapitalOutreach Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term, Long-term. Ongoing) Responsible Department or Agency (boEdrepresents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Rev and associated policies to reflect the sufficiency of undeveloped land within the present city limits, the need for a contiguous developmentpattern at the edge and anassessment of the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of the provision of city infrastructure and services in various portions of the ETJ. Basefuture annexations on considerations of fiscal impact. 2.12.1 : 2.12.2; 3.10.1, 5.4.12 a Planning & Development,Economic Development,Water. Wastewater. and DME23 Address how drilling and production sites should be identified by size and location, and how to maintainrelevant and associated data to address impacts and compatibility. Monitor the performance of the 2016 gas well ordinance and the 2020 gas well setback ordinance and identify Ithe ongoing impacts of gas well k drilling and production on surfacedevelopment costs and on roads andtraffic patterns, the future effects of such activities on the Mobility Plan, and fiscal and economic impacts of gas well development. Prepare an Energy Exploration Master Plan to establish a long-term vision for energy exploration in Denton. 2.5.2; 2.13.1; 2.13.2; 2.13.3; 2.13.4; 6.1.9;8.4.3; Planning nn 1 Division, Planning & Development,and Legal 24 Promote conservation (clustered) development in rural areas, with permanently protected open space inconservation easements, as an alternative to large lot development 2.14.1; 5.4.8 e ort Planning & Development 25 provide specific guidelines for conservation development including density and/or lot size incentive for open space protection, and guidelines fortransfers of ownership and management of protected open space. 7.6.2;4.9.1 ; 7.6.2; 7.6.3 Regulation IShort Planning & Development 26 10-20 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring Action Type(Planning; Regulation; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe 't erm Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) Responsible Department or Agency (boldrepresents lead Dept, or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Continue to monitor growth in the ETJ by requiring City of Denton approval of subdivision plats and all related permits in its ETJ through the established interlocal agreement with Denton County, to ensure growth is consistent with Preferred Growth Concept. Consider coordinating with Denton County to update the established interlocal agreement. Discourage the establishment of municipal utility districts in Denton's ETJ and require review of any MUDs in the development review process... Coordinate with surroundingmunicipalities as part of the approval process for development proposals in Denton’s E TJ where the proposed development is in close proximity or shares a boundary with said municipality. 2.16.1; 2.16.2 e Planning & Development Denton County 27 2.16.3 e Planning & Development Denton County 28 2.16.4 Partnership jon-going Planning & Development Surrounding Municipalities 29 Fiscal & Economic Vitality Partner and collaborate with developers to provide sufficient workforce housing to meet market demands and diversify housingchoices and increase stock of owner-occupied small residentialunits. 3.1.2; 3.12.2 a Economic Developmentand Planning & Development30 Incentivize the development orredevelopment of mixed use projects1 that provide flexible space for commercial, office, and residentialuse. 3.1.3 Regulation 1 Short Planning & Developmentand Economic Development 31 Evaluate the need for additional development code standards that encourage infill and redevelopment and remove growth impediments inthe area of Denton that is incorporated. 3.1.4 Regulation 1 Mid Planning & Development and Economic Development32 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-21 Action Type (Planning;Regulation; Program; Capital;Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term. Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) Responsible Department orAgency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners . Work with the Chambers of Commerce and Convention and Visitors Bureaus to increase Denton's visibility among identified target industry employers and their trade organizations. 3.3.2 a c Partnership I IDevelopment Denton Economic Development Partnership Board,Chambers of Commerce, andConvention and Visitors Bureau 33 34 Build partnerships between industry, local K-1 2, and post-secondary institutions (specifically TWU and UNT) to design training programs to provide the workforce for the identified target industry employers and entrepreneurs, including DentonEnterprise Airport. Actively recruit new business to the Denton Enterprise Airport, EC0- W.E.R.C.S, and UNT’s DiscoveryPark. 3.3.2; 3.4.2; 4.5.1; 7.12.3 a On-going Economic Developmentand Airport School Districts. UNT, TWU, NCTC,and Major Employers 3.3.3 Partnership lshort, C)n'going Economic Development and Airport UNT, TWU, and NCTC35 Develop public private partnerships to ensure adequate space for the growth of small businesses, entrepreneurs, and spin-off local businesses of the target industries' larger employers Continue to identify development design standards and development review process improvements for greenfield and infill development/redevelopment. 3.3.4 Partnership IShort, On-going Economic Development Economic Development Partnership Board36 3.3.5 Program I C}n-going Planning & Development, Engineering,Water. Wastewater, and DME 37 e growth businesses to grow as a high-tech hub. Outreach Short. On-going Economic Development Major Employers,Economic Development Partnership Board 38 Partner and collaborate with School Districts, UNT. North Central Texas College (NCTC), and TWU to connect employer needs with degrees and prograrnrrIIrlg. Market, promote, and support the I diversity of industry presence inDenton and the opportunity for industry cluster growth 3.4.4 a Economic Development School Districts, UNT, TWU, andNCTC39 3.5.2 Outreach C)n-going Economic Development Economic Development Partnership Board40 10-22 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitorin Action Type (Planning;RegulatIon; Program; CapitaE; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) Responsible Department orAgency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Market, promote, and support the Arts. Music. and Recreation industries in alignment with the designated arts and cultural district, Develop and implement a strategy to centralize and coordinate (not standardize) communication and marketing efforls among all City departments and entities. 3.5.3; 4.7.1; 4.8.5; 5.4.5 Outreach C)n-going Economic Development Economic Development Partnership Board41 3.5.5 Program Short On-going Public Communications 42 Each proposed development in the city will be analyzed in relation to its revenues and expenditures relative to projected revenues and expenditures. Utilize the fiscal impact tool to review infill development and redevelopment projects and report findings in staff reports to City Council. 3.7.3, 3.11.3 Program Short Economic Development,Finance. and Planning & Development43 Actively promote historic preservation as a means to Increase economic, cultural. and educational diversity. 3.6.2 Program C>n-going Economic Development and Planning & Development Economic Development Partnership Board,Historic Landmark Commission 44 Charges for services and other city revenues will be examined annually during the budget process andadjusted as deemed necessary by the governing body to respond to cost increases or any other changing I circumstances. The City’s revenue and expenditure balance will be evaluated annually during the budget process in consideration of the level of services required for theimplementation of policies, actions, and priorities in the ComprehensivePlan. 3.7.1, 3.7.2 Planning Short Finance 45 Encourage more dense developmentwhere water/sewer infrastructure has existing excess capacity and define what level of development can be served by septic and well infrastructure. Evaluate existing levels of service for all capital infrastructure to identify existing deficiencies and excess capacities, 3.8.5; 3.9.1; 3.11.2; 9.7.1 Planning On-going Water. Wastewater. Engineering and Planning & Development46 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-23 Action Type (Planning; Regulation; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnershtps) Timeframe (Short-term. Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) ResponsibleDepartment orAgency (bold represents Eead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Explore the feasibility of conducting a robust community outreach and engagement program to promote establishing or increasing impact F fees for needed public services and infrastructure, including roads, public safety enhancements, parksand recreation facilities. andlibraries. 3.9.8; 3.15.2 Regulation Short - Mid, I All Departments Ongoing 47 Establish procedures for conducting fiscal and economic impact analyses 1 to evaluate the potential short andlong-term impacts of future annexations, zoning decisions, andother land use decisions. 3.10.1 r Planning & Development 48 Conduct fiscal and economic impact I analyses to ensure the fiscal benefit [ or neutrality of future tax abatement agreements and special districts. Use the benefits of economic incentives to direct continued investments at the Denton Enterprise Airport and surrounding industrialdistrict, 3.10.2; 2.6.4 Planning ml going Economic Development49 3.10.3 Planning Mid - Long IEconomic Developmentand Airport Airport AdvisoryBoard 50 Ensure maximum efficiencies of all 13.13.1: 7.12 public facilities to minimize the use I of land by non-revenue generating development e On artments 51 unity Character Continue updating the Historic Resources Survey to identifypotentially historic resources for possible zoning protection. Identify and recommend areas within the city limits that qualify for historicdistricts and conservation districts based on distinctive character. scale and overriding, intact, architecturalcharacter. Historic districts will receIve appropriate zonIngclassification in order to enforce and ensure preservation of structureswithin the district 4.1.1 Planning I Short Planning & Development Historic Landmark Commission52 4.1.2: 4.1.3 a Planning & Development Historic Landmark Commission 53 10-24 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring Action Type (Planning; Regulation;Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) Responsible Department or Agency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Work with community and neighborhood groups to identify areas that have significant community support for the formationof historic and conservation districts, or strong identification ofneighborhood character to aid in development of Area Plans or local protection. 4.1.4 Outreach On-going Planning & Development Historic Landmark Commission 54 Prepare a Citywide Branding and Placemaking Strategy that welcomesvisitors, identifies historic landmarks, gateways, greenways and links together existing character areas and provides neighborhood recognition through a wayfinding program by using a combination of environmental graphics, printmaterials, and web-basedinformation. Coordinate with mobility planning so that motorists, bicyclists, pedestrians, and transit users may easily locate destinations throughout Denton. Engage the community through a public involvement process in the creation of the plan. 3.5.1; 4.2.1; 4.2.2; 4.2.3;4.9.2; 6.1.10, , 6.10.4;, i; 6.20.1 Planning Short Planning & Development,Public Communications. Parks and Recreation. and Economic Development DCTA, TxDOT.Denton County, UNT, TWU, MobilityCommittee. Parks Board 55 Establish guidelines for gateways aspart of future development to highlight community points of entryand promote the Denton brand and its quality of life. Create a web-based mechanism for community members to present new ideas for celebrating Denton’s sense of place or developing new community-driven projects by providing a streamlined and transparent crowdsourcing process to propose projects to the City. 4.2.6 Planning Mid Planning & Developmentand Parks and Recreation 56 4.2.8 Program On-going Planning & Development City Administration 57 Implement recommendations forhistoric landmark. historic district, and conservation districts per updated historic resources survey to ensure consistent protection 4.3.1 Planning Mid Planning & Development Historic Landmark Commission 58 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-25 Action Type (Planning;Regulatlon; Program; CapItal; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term,Mid-term, Long-term, Ongo Ing) Responsible Department orAgency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) ReferencedActions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners 59 Encourage voluntary landmarkdesignation as a vehicle to protect sites with historical significance. Work with private landowners with historic sites onsite to ensure public access to and preservation of site according to applicable standards. Establish partnership among private [ interests to support historic preservation in Denton. Encourage adaptive reuse of historic structures to ensure their long-term I preservation while allowing for repurposing and economic diversity. 4.3.2 4.3.6 Program I On-going Planning & Development Historic Landmark Commission Program I On-going Planning & Development Historic Landmark Commission60 4.3.7 4.3.8 Program I On-going Planning & Development61 Program I On-going Planning & Development Economic Development Partnership Board,Historic Landmark Commission 62 Utilize the 2019 Historic Preservation Plan to assist in identifying property owners of designated individual sites or siteswithin historic or conservation districts may receive an incentive in the form of a fifty percent exemption from city taxes for fifteen years. TheHistoric Landmark Commission would oversee the program. Continue to coordinate with the DMSA to provide enable funding of I district-wide improvements andincentives, such as fagade improvement grants, to encourage preservatIon. Update the Property MaintenanceI Code every three to five years and I include policies for the upkeep of collection receptacles and areas. Establish a volunteer program through City Council action to b support the maintenance of areas having historical or cultural significance. 4.4.1 r n Planning & Development Historic Landmark Commission 63 4.4.2 Partnership jon-going Economic Development DMSA. Economic Development Partnership Board,Historic Landmark Commission 64 4.5.1; 9.16.6 a Community ImprovementServices65 4.5.2 r n Community ImprovementServices66 10-26 Implementation & MonItoring Implementation & Monitoring Action Type (Planning; Regulation; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) Responsible Department orAgency (bold represents lead Dept, or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Continue an anti-graffiti program to be administered by the City. Perform graffiti removal on private property within 10 days of receiving a complaint or becoming aware of graffiti vandalism. 4.5.3 Program Short, On- golrlg Community ImprovementServices and Economic Development 67 Encourage the use of public art to highlight neighborhood identity in Denton’s existing and future neighborhoods through a Public An Master Plan for Denton. Integrate public art into the planning and design for city and county-owned public facilities, including schools, parks and trails, other publicly-funded projects and projects on city-owned land. Work with DCTA and the Greater Denton Arts Council to install public art at transit facilities, and at community gateways. Engage the community through a publicinvolvement process to identify locations and designs for public art.Evaluate opportunities for public art to be included as part of 1-35 expansion and potential highwayunderpasses and overpasses. 4.6.1; 4.6.2; 14.6.4; 4.6.6;4.6.7; ; Planning Mid, On.going Parks & Recreation. Planning & Developmentand Transportation Public Art Committee, TxDOT. DCTA, GreaterDenton Arts Council Denton County,School Districts 68 Identify opportunities to incorporatevenues for arts and music events in future development, including Downtown (The Original Denton District) and in Regional Centers Study opportunities for arts andmusic venues in vacant or underutilized sites adjacent to Downtown and the Downtown Denton Transit Center that can be supported by the A'Train. Pursue next steps for the resuse of City Hall West and potential development of anew fine arts theatre. 4.7.1 ; 4.7.4 Planning Short, On-going Economic I Denton Main Street Development I Association, DCTA, and Planning & I Downtown TaskDevelopment I Force 69 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-27 Action Type (PlannIng; Regulation; Program; CapitalOutreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term, :erm, Ongoing) ResponsibleDepartment orAgency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Create a program to investigate the temporary re-use of vacant and/or underutilized parcels and buildingfacades for art exhibitions and murals. Work with the public arts programs to formally demarcate artsand music venues and event locations through permanent or temporary public art and public realm improvements 4.6.9; 4.7.5 Planning Mid Parks & I Public Art Recreation and ICommittee Planning & Development 70 Study the viability of an mE®LDd Denton District in Downtown Denton with relaxed regulations for hours, lighting, and design guidelines, sensitive to surrounding uses andconsideration of a new zoning district. Designate a baseline percentage of ground-floor retail that should be occupied by arts andculture businesses within the Downtown or the Original Denton District. Coordinate preservation regulations to be consistent, 4.3.4; 4.7.2;4.7.3 Planning Short Planning & Development Denton Main StreetAssociation,Downtown Task Force 71 72 Study the use of tax incentives andsubsidies to attract arts and music organizations and private investors. Create a&ead_ELeanwBLe] Transportation Plan particularly for special events that studies opportunities for shared parking,transit, shuttles. and available parking facilities that encourages local and regional travel to events and venues in Denton, without overly burdening Denton’s facilities and highlighting use of alternative transportation modes. 4.7.6 Planning Planning Mid, Dn-going Short Economic Development Economic Development Partnership Board 4.7.8; 6.19.2;6.20.2 Transportation and Engineering DCTA, NCTCOG, TxDOT. and Convention Visitors Bureaus 73 Create a progr areas to display art, including but not limited to sculptures in City facilities, on City property, and in localbusinesses and developments, such as art is storefronts, and sculptureson loan Program Short, Ongoing Parks & I Public Art Recreation and ICommittee Economic Development74 10-28 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring Action Type (PEanning;ResponsibleTimeframeRegulation;Department orProgram;(Short-term,Referenced Agency (boldCapital;Mid-term,Actions and represents leadOutreach;Long-term,Related Items PartnersPartnerships)Dept. or Agency)Ongotng)Key Action Identify opportunities to hostperforming arts events or block parties in publicly owned areas including parks, streets rights-of- way, and public buildings. Partner with the Greater Denton Arts Council on programs related to promoting arts in the community. Create a program for arts educationthrough local schools and institutions that will lead to local jobI growth. 4.7.10 Planning Short, Ongoing Parks & T Parks Board Recreation and Economic Development 75 76 4.8.1 4.8.2 Partnership Mn Economic Development GDAC Partnership IMid Economic Development,Parks and Recreation.and Planning & Development UNT. TWU. and School Districts 77 Conduct a study to understand thecurrent and future economic development value of music and the visual and performing arts in Denton. Promote the arts and music through regional Convention and VisitorsBureaus, Chambers of Commerce, the universities and schools. and local promotion groups to highlight Denton's role in arts and music in the DFW Metroplex for both visitors andresidents. 4.8.3; 3.6.3 Planning ILong Economic Development78 4.8.5 Outreach On-going Economic Developmentand Public Communications Convention and Visitors Bureau.Chambers of Commerce, RegionalTourism Board. UNT, TWU, andSchool Districts 79 Encourage private support for the arts and music by reaching out to private sector organizations in Denton and the DFW Metroplex. Explore opportunities for donationsand grants to assist an and music. related efforts and communityfestivals in Denton. 4.8.6 Outreach On-going Economic Development Major Employers 80 4.8.7 Partnership Mid, On- goIng Economic Developmentand Parks and Recreation 81 a education communities to coordinate art and music-related efforts, and community festivals, and parks and recreation Partnership Short, On- goIng Economic Developmentand Parks and Recreation UNT, TWU, and NCTC 82 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-29 Action Type (Planning; Regulation; Program; Capital Outreach; PartnershIps) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) Responsible Department or Agency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Coordinate City departments, suchas Police. Fire. and Parks and Recreation, to ensure appropriate E and feasible in-kind donations ofservices are offered to facilitate the development of live events and theirassociated economic and fiscal impacts for the city. 4.8.9 Partnership jon-going Economic Developmentand Parks and Recreation83 Promote preservation to increase economic, cultural, and educational diversity within the community.Coordinate with the DMSA for promotion of heritage tourism. lncorporate historic elements into placemaking and community gathering spaces where landmarksexist. Partner and collaborate with local agencies and institutions to engage the community in education regarding the historic identity ofDenton and the historic resources Denton has. 3.6.3; 4.9.1; 4.9.4 Outreach/ 1 On-going Partnership Economic Development[ and Planning & Development Downtown Mainstreet Association, Historic Landmark Commission 84 4.9.3; 4.9.5 a Planning & Developmentand Parks and Recreation Denton County, UNT,TWU, NCTC. Historic Landmark Commission 85 Conduct a study of existingcommunity gathering spaces and their use and suitability for various activities and events throughout Denton and highlight these through Discover Denton. Engage with residents in adjacent neighborhoods to provide input into the design and function of community gathering spaces. 4.10.1 ; 4.10.3 Planning I Short Planning & Developmentand Economic Development 86 Enhance zoning requirements to include public community gathering space within mixed use developments and centers. Establish regulations and procedures for the design, installation and maintenance I of community gathering spaces as well as regulations for noise and time of use for privately-owned and operated community gathering spaces consistent with underlying and surrounding land use. 4.1 0.2 Regulation 1 Short Planning and Development 87 10-30 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring Action Type (Planning; Regulation; Program; Capital;Outreach: Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term. Long-term, Ongoing) Responsible Department or Agency (bold represents lead Dept, or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Create design guidelines for the creation and redesign of community gathering spaces in Denton in new and existing centers. Ensure that gathering spaces are accessible and defensible through ADA compliant design and using Crime Prevention 1 Through Environmental Design (CPTED) principles. Ensure that provision of shade, water fountains, appropriate lighting, and trash receptacles are provided incommunity gathering spaces wherefeasible 4.10.4; 4.10.5; 4.11.1; 8.5.4 Regulation Short Planning & Development 88 Coordinate with programming formobile food vendors to enliven community gathering places for special events. 4.10.6 Regulation Short. On-going Economic Development,Parks and Recreation. and Planning & Development Planning & Development 89 Prepare an Urban Design Plan for Denton that is consistent with the revised future land use designations and its urban design goals, theDenton Development Code, and puts forward a citywide approach to visual quality and image and encourages new development to create pedestrian-and bicycle- friendly places Include urban design review early in the development review process. Ensure that City government will exert a leadership role in ensuring adherence to the principles of good urban design as essential for economic development, 2.18.3; 2.17.2; 4.11.1; 6.15.1 Planning Short Planning and ZoningCommission 90 4.11.2 Regulation Short, On- goIng All Departments 91 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-31 Action Type (Planning; Regulation; Program; CapItal; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term.Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) Responsible Department orAgency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Provide a mechanism for coordination between the Parks, Recreation and Trails Master Plan, Mobility Plan, Urban Design Plan, and area plans to ensure that the design of the public realm creates a cohesive network of public spaces inDenton. Ensure that new development addresses established pedestrian and bicycle networks and provides for additional connectivity to further foster pedestrian and bicycle mobility throughout Denton. Ensure that trees and landscaping are included in all roadway standards and site design criteria to recognize their aesthetic andenvironmental contribution to the city and preservation of the tree canopy. Identify properties with at least 30% canopy Ensure that the Urban Design Plan Incorporates goals from the Mobility Plan and the Comprehensive Plan. Update the Site Design Criteria Manual to include Urban Design Principles. Incorporate Urban Design Principles into all future plans related to urban design, including the Urban Design Plan and Area Plans Include additional guidelines for specific land uses in addition to [ overarching Urban Design Principles to ensure desired communitycharacter is achieved with variations for use 4.14.1 ; 4.14.2 Partnership Mid, On-going I Transportation,Planning & Development,Economic Development,and Parks & Recreation92 4.13.4: 5.5.8 Regulation On-going Planning & Development, Engineering, andParks & Recreation93 4.15.1; 4.15.2;4.15.3 Regulation Short Planning & Development Planning and ZoningCommission 94 4.16.1- 4.16.9 Regulation Short Planning & Development 95 Establish design guidelines for Focus Areas to aid in design reviewi for key intersections and destinations in Denton, with the intention of creating Area Plans and corresponding Overlay Districts. 4.17.1- 4.17.3 Regulation Long Planning & Development 96 Parks. Conservation & Environment 10-32 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring Action Type (PEanning; Regulation; Program; Capital; Outreach; PartnershIps) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term, Long-term, Ongotng) Responsible Department orAgency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) ReferencedActions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Implement the vision for a park, open space, and trail system as most currently updated in which mobilityto. from. between, and within the system is readily apparent and aligned with natural resources in the city and is linked regionally. Update the Parks, Recreation and Trail System Master Plan at least once every five years to implement this vision. Align park terminologyand recommended acreagestandards with national terms and best practices. Periodically surveycommunity preferences and needs regarding parks and recreation. Incorporate this information into revisions of the strategic plan, annual action plans, and updates ofthe Parks. Recreation and Trail System Master Plan. Include policies for agricultural production and green infrastructure. Develop, fund, and implement future Capital Improvement Programs consistentwith the Parks. Recreation and Trail System Master Plan 5.1.1 Planning Ton-going Parks & Recreation Parks Board 97 5.1.2; 5.1.7; 5.1.6; 4.13.3; 7.9.1; 8.3.5 Planning I Mid Parks & Recreation. Planning & Development and Environmental Services Parks Board 98 Acquire and maintain sufficient land to keep pace with Denton’s parkneeds based on standards of updated Parks, Recreation and Trail System Master Plan. Create designs for new recreation and open space facilities that respond to the context of specific neighborhood, the needs of specific segments of the community, and utilize best practices in park design. Create master plans to implement design Actively pursue the creation of mini- parks, pocket parks, urban open spaces, and urban gardens on 1 vacant parcels or other types of unused, available land throughout the city. 5.1.3 Regulation 1 On-going Parks & Recreation Parks Board 99 5.1.5 Planning Mid, On- goIng Parks & Recreation 100 5.1.8; 8.3.4 Planning ! On-going Parks & Recreation Parks Board 101 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-33 Action Type (Planning; RegulatIon; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term,Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) Responsible Department orAgency (bold represents Eead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Implement the updated Parks, Recreation and Trail System Master Plan to prioritize development of trails and greenway corridors throughout Denton. Update the plan every five years to identify further I significant scenic, historical, andenvironmentally sensitive lands, and determine strategies to preserve them. Coordinate development of greenways and trails along the floodplain and tributaries to promoterecreational and mobility goals. Maintain coordination with North Central Texas Council of Governments (NCTCOG) to achieve i objectives of the regionaltransportation system in linking Denton with surrounding communities via a greenbelt system. Develop parks and open space adjacent to residential areas, community facilities, commercialcenters, and the universities to link areas together via green space, and creating opportunities for outdooraccess, and physical activity. Partner with developers to secure parks and open space in all new residential andcommercial centers to ensure adequate green space and multi-modal connections between developments. 5.2.1; 5.8.3 Planning I On-going Parks & Recreation 102 5.2.2; 2.15.1 Partnership jongoingShort Parks & Recreation and Planning & Development,and Transportation NCTCOG 103 5.2.3; 3.13.2; ; 3.14.2: 3.14.3 Partnership/ jOn-going Regulation Parks & Recreation Parks Board 104 Acquire land for park and open space dedication along drainage corridors and floodways through voluntary conservation easements, land trusts and parks to preserve environmentally sensitive lands, provide recreation opportunities, and promote storrnwater rnanagernent through green infrastructure. ; 5.2.4; 9.11.1;9.13.2 Regulation 1 On-going a Recreation. and Environmental Services 105 10-34 Implementation & MonitorIng Implementation & Monitoring Action Type (Planning; Regulation; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) ResponsibleDepartment orAgency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Research feasibility of creatingrevenue-generating parks andrecreation features that can reduce the dependency on property tax revenue and generate profits tounderwrite other recreation facilities and services. 5.3.2 a Parks & Recreation 106 Coordinate with adjacentmunicipalities, DISD. and local institutions to explore opportunities for cooperative ventures in providing parks and open space and ecosystem protection, and todevelop a regional, connected trail system. 5.3.3; 5.3.4 a golrlg Parks & Recreation and Planning & Developmentand Environmental Services ml municipalities, UNT,TWU. and School Districts107 Expand upon the ESA program tocreate an integrated system of publicly-owned natural areas that protect the integrity of important conservation sites, protect corridors between natural areas, and preserve outstanding examples of Denton'sdiverse natural environments. Acquire and manage land and water to preserve, protect, and enhance important natural areas to contribute to a natural, healthy community andenvironment. Use the ESA framework to identify where land use decisions are needed to provide an equitabledistribution of natural resources or open spaces throughout the city.Encourage the preservation of floodplain and open space access as a community-wide recreational resource instead of singular ownership by one person or a single neighborhood. Coordinate with the city’s Watershed Protection Program and parks planning to further multi- purpose conservation goals and reducing sprawl. Promote Denton's natural resources as a distinguishing element for economic growth and community development through publicrelations materials and business attraction. 5.2.5; 5.4.1 ; 5.4.2; 5.4.3;5.4.4; 5.8.1 ; 5.8.5; 5.8.6 Planning / Regulation Mid, Ongoing Environmental Services. Planning & Developmentand Parks & Recreation 108 5.4.5: 3.5.3 Outreach On-going Environmental Services and Economic Development Economic Development Partnership Board109 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-35 Action Type (Planning; Regulation;Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term, Long-term,Ongoing) Responsible Department orAgency (bold represents Eead Dept. or Agency) ReferencedActions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Encourage environmentalawareness. the ethical use of natural resources, and preservation of natural habitat through all development policies. Require Environmental Sensitive Areas Assessments for development sites where areas of high ecological I values (Environmentally Sensitive i Areas) are proposed to be disturbed that will trigger appropriate management practices including any necessary mitigation actIons. Work with State of Texas Department of Agriculture to conduct a survey of Prime Agricultural Land consistent with Farmland Mapping and MonitoringProgram (FMMP) standards to determine potential locations and value of agricultural land threatened by urban development within Denton city limits and the ETJ. Consider useof conservation easements and land trusts to protect agricultural land and heritage rangelands based onFMMP criteria. State of Texas Department of Agriculture (i.e. Family Land Heritage Properties) listings, and Natural ResourcesConservation Service (NRCS) programs. Encourage broader use of mitigationbanks to facilitate market-based compensation to landowners thatchoose to help protect environmentally sensitive tands. Implement clearing and grading requirements to minimize erosion, eliminate clear-cutting, reducesedimentation, and reduce fugitivedust (airborne particles) in new construction of new developmentand infrastructure. Utilize guidanceof LEED for New Construction for new constructIon 5.4.6 Program C)n-going Environmental Services and Public Communications 110 5.4.7 Regulation Short, C)n- golrlg Environmental Services 111 5.4.9; 5.4.10;2.14.2 Planning, i LongProgram Planning & Developmentand. Parks & Recreation State of Texas Department of Agriculture, Denton County 112 5.4.11 Regulation 1 Mid Planning & Developmentand Environmental Services 113 5.9.9: 9.10.1 Regulation Short, Ongoing Environmental Services and Planning & Development 114 10-36 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring Action Type (PEanning; ReguEation; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term,Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) ResponsibleDepartment or Agency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Incorporate strategies from Denton’s Simply Sustainable Framework: (2020) and Parks, Recreation, and I Trails System Master Plan including land conservation, water quality and watershed management, and airquality and greenhouse gas (GHG) rnanagernent strategies 5.4.14; 5.7.5;5.8.7 Regulation,Program On-going All Departments 115 Use the mMa£§!Jr waeLPlan to identify important tree canopy resources and include specificstrategies for protection andprovision of a more robust tree canopy. Research and determinewhat the goal should be for percentage of tree canopy in Denton and establish regulations accordingly, taking into consideration the topography and habitats present and also Denton’s geographic location. Continue to use iTree to view, update. and quantify the value trees provide asinfrastructure. 5.5.1; 5.5.2; 5.7.2; 5.7.6 a Planning & Development,Parks & Recreation. and Keep Denton Beautiful Planning and ZoningCommission 116 Conduct a study to understand thecurrent and future economic development value of Denton's urban tree canopy, and to determine best practices in urban tree management. 5.5.3 Planning ! Mid Planning & Development117 Develop conservation and development priorities to be used by planners and decision makers to systematically identify, evaluate, and synthesize various environmental attributes and evaluate ecological values. Ensure that adequate open space is provided either on- or off- site as a provision for newdevelopments on greenfield land. 5.5.1: 5.5.3 Planning, Program Short. Ongoing Environmental Services andParks & Recreation 118 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-37 Action Type (PFanning; Regulation; Program, Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) ResponsibleDepartment orAgency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Promote Denton’s commitment to sustainable community growth and community aesthetics/appearance through continued participation with I the organization Keep Denton Beautiful, in programs such as Tree City USA, Scenic City USA, and the Governors Community AchievementAward Partners 5.5.4 Program Ongoing We M Keep Denton Beautiful 119 Explore the creation of a Tree Trusts/Tree Fund as part of the tree preservation ordinance and DDC with incentives for developers to preserve existing heritage trees located indevelopment sites rather than remove or replace trees, or pay intothe Tree Fund. 5.5.5 Regulationnl Planning & Development 120 Establish Tree Parks/Preserves in which the City purchases lands [ identified to have significantamounts of heritage trees for long- term preservation. Develop a plan for the conservation and preservation of native CrossTimbers Forest region trees, Blackjack Oak, B ur Oak, and PostOak, which are critical to the local wildlife and a unique naturalecosystem of Denton Develop conservation and development priorities to be used by planners and decision makers to systematically identify, evaluate, and synthesize various environmental attributes and evaluate ecological I values. Update the criteria to identify and prioritize habitats with emerging trends, current conditions, and new expertise to strengthen and continue use of this tool for open space protection. 5.5.6 Regulation Mid, Ongoing Parks & Recreation and Planning & Development 121 5.6.1 Planning mn Environmental Services 122 5.6.2; 5.6.6 P Environmental Services 123 Create a 10-year plan for acquiring and preserving open spaces that are F considered to be of high value forecological preservation and are not already under protection. 5.6.3 a Environmental Services. Parks & Recreation and Planning & Development 124 10-38 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring Action Type (P[anning; Regulation;Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe irt-term Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) Responsible Department or Agency (bold represents leadDept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Expand the CIM@ education programs to celebrate Denton’s ecosystems through physical interpretation, site management, ! conservation, sustainability,watershed protection, and urban forestry. 5.6.5 u Environmental Services, Public Communications , Planning & Development,Parks and Recreation and Keep Denton Beautiful School Districts 125 Continue to enforce and update the ESA regulations in order to manage important natural areas that preserve wildlife habitat and native landscapes, while providing opportunities for education,scientific research. nature interpretation, art, fishing, relaxation, wildlife observation, hiking, and other activities. 5.6.8 Regulation 1 Ongoing Environmental Services 126 127 Identify and map wildlife corridors throughout the City. Implement methods to mitigate any adverse effects of oil and gas drilling and production on air quality, suchas requiring Vapor Recovery Systems 5.6.10 5.7.7 Planning Planning Short Short Environmenta Services Gas Wells Division, and Planning & Development 128 Explore and implement requirements to improve air quality through private community actions, new development, and revitalizationefforts. 5.7.8 Long EnvironmentalServices and Planning & Development 129 Explore green building standards fornew residential and commercial construction using Green Built"Texas as a standard. Assign a staff person to oversee and streamline green building project design and commissions to increase feasibility and reduce project cost. In the absence of a Green Building Ordinance, encourage certification by Green Built" Texas for construction of residential projects 5.9.1: 5.9.2 Planning Short, Ongoing Building Inspections Health and BuildingStandards Commission 130 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-39 Action Type (Planning;ResponsibleTimeframeRegulatIon;Department orProgram;(Short-term,Referenced Agency (boldCapital;Mid-term,Actions and Outreach;represents EeadLong-term.Related Items PartnersPartnerships) Ongoing)Dept. or Agency)Key Action Promote the estabs building service businesses locally in Denton that are hired to further green build goals in the city. Outreach On'going Economic Development131 Create guidelines and incentives for the use of Energy Star certifiedproducts in new construction and commercial and residential remodels. 5.9.4, 5.9.5 Planning On-going Building Inspections and Environmental Services 132 As part of Green Building ordinma encourage the use of sustainable and locally-sourced materials in new construction and rehabilitation. Planning Short Building Inspections andEnvironmental Services 133 Encourage the use of durablematerials in all construction that will last and not contribute to significantmaintenance needs in accordance with state law. 5.9.7 Planning On-going Planning & Development and Engineering134 e buildings, including City buildings 135 1 comply with standards for reduced energy consumptIon. Regulation Short, On' goIng Environmental Services and DME Mobility Revise and implement the Denton Mobility Plan to be consistent with the Future Land Use Map (FLUM) and Preferred Growth Concept. Revise the Denton Development Code and related developmentstandards to be consistent with the updated Mobility Plan. Incorporate complete street policies and public realm design guidelines and streetscape standards consistent with Community Character goals,Context-Sensitive Streets, and the proposed Urban Design Plan, Partner and collaborate with projectsthat are major trip attractors to develop and implement innovative ways to manage congestion and incentivize best practices for peak management. 2.4.1; 2.18.1;3.8.2; 3.12.3; 4.11.1; 4.13.1; 6.1.1 ; 6.1.6; 6.3.2; 6.3.3; 6.6.1; 6.6.2; 6.12.1 Planning Short On-going ITransportation IMobility Committeeand Planning & Development 136 6.1.11 Partnership On'going Transportation IDCTA 137 10-40 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring Action Type (Planning;Regulation; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) ResponsibleDepartment or Agency (bold represents tead Dept, or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Incorporate complete streets guidelines into future Mobility Planupdates following the guidance of NCTCOG and the NCTCOG Bicycleand Pedestrian Bicycle AdvisoryCommittee (BPAC). Partner with E developers to implement streetscapei design features like minimal curb cuts, buffered on-street parking, larger sidewalks with bump-outs, andon-street striping of bicycle lanes and cross-walks, and bus pull-offs to create vibrant and safe developmentdistricts. 4.7.1 ; 2.15.1; 2.18.2; 6.13.1; 3.14.2; 6.10.1, 6.13.3; 6.19.5; 8.3.3 Planning Short, Ongoing r NCTCOG. Parks and Recreation 138 Advocate for projects in the Mobility Plan to be included in the regional Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and the TransportationImprovement Program ( TIP) both maintained by the North CentralTexas Council of Government’s (NCTCOG). Establish a protocol for all roads in Denton to comply with consistent standards that contribute to mobilitygoals regardless of whether roadsare under control of and/or funded by the City, Denton County or TxDOT. Coordinate local road expansion with TxDOT plans for the expansion of I' 35E, 1-35 and other TxDOT roadways 6.1.4; 2.15.1 Partnership C)n-going r 139 6.1.7 Partnership Mid Transportation I Denton County,TxDOT 140 141 6.1.8 Partnership Ongoing Transportation ITxDOT Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-41 Action Type (Planning; Regulation; Program; Capital;Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term,Mtd-term, Long-term, Ongoing) Responsible Department orAgency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Update the Denton Development Code and Transportation Criteria Manual to include connectivity and parking standards for new development that are consistent with the Mobility Plan and CommunityCharacter goals. Ensure new development is consistent with and preserves new roads and road improvements identified in the Mobility Plan. As part of the development review process, include a check of the Mobility Plan to ensure that adequate provisions for right-of-way and modal balance havebeen made. Pursue new opportunities to achieve new roadway connections as development opportunities arise and provide emergency access when designing new residential subdivisions. Update the Mobility Plan at least every five years. Provide emergency access when designing new residentialsubdivisions. 6.1.1; 6.1.5; 6.2.1; 6.2.2; 6.2.3; 2.4.3; 4.7.1; 6.10.1; 6.14.1; 6.7.4 Regulation 1 Ongoing Transpora and Planning & ICommission, Development I Mobility Committee 142 143 6.2.3 Program I On-going Fire and Transportation, Continue to implement and update multi-modal guidelines for all new development to increases the share of pedestrian, bicycle, and transit infrastructure over personal automobile infrastructure thereby I reducing emissions. Encourage access to parks and recreation areasvia non-motor vehicle travel in order to promote mobility and community health goals. Pursue pedestrian and bicycle funding and grant opportunities from local, regional, state, and federal agencies. Use innovative and up-to.dateresearch and methodology toestimate reductions in travel demand when evaluating projects that integrate transportation and land use 3.14.1; 4.8.2; 5.7.1; 6.13.1; 5.2.6; 8.3.1;6.18.2 Planning/ Regulation Ongoing Transportation, Engineering,Parks & Recreation, and Planning & Development 144 6.3.4 a Transportationand Planning & Development145 10-42 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring Action Type (PFanning; Regulation; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short.term, Mid-term, Long-term. Ongoing) ResponsibleDepartment orAgency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Develop and adopt LOS standards for all roads in the city that are appropriate for the surroundingenvironment, including a review program to track and monitor LOS and system performance. Pursue themulti-modal LOS concept with future Mobility Plan updates. Evaluatecreating criteria for variances to access requirements to ensuredeviations from access standards minimally impact LOS goals. 6.4.1 - 6.4.3: 6.4.2; 6.6.3 Planning/ Regulation Short r Committee 146 Continue to utilize the City’s access management standards for collectors and arterials in the city that meet or exceed TxDOT and City standards as applicable. Develop access management plans for each of the City’s main corridors that are consistent with Area Plans, overlay districts and other land use plans 6.5.1; 6.5.2; 6.15.3 Planning/ Regulation Short, Ongoing Transportation ITxDOT 147 Complete a road financing study that considers capital, maintenance, and operating costs of projects in the Mobility Plan and anticipated revenue streams from city, county, state, federal, and private sources for appropriate plan phases (e.g. ten year increments). Include the cost of regular road maintenance andrehabilitation in estimating the cost of building and widening roads. Develop strategies for new revenue sources and/or revise the Mobility Plan accordingly. Coordinaterecommendations with the CIP. 6.7.2; 6.7.3 Planning Short r and Engineering I Public UtilitiesBoard 148 Update the Denton ITS Plan to reflect new technologies and to conform to the Regional ITS Architecture. Use the ITS Plan as a guiding document for the planning, programming, and deployment of ITS strategies in the city. Implement ITS strategies and current trends to improve theefficiency of transportation systems prior to making costly capacity improvements 6.8.1 : 6.8.2 Planning/ Regulation Short Transportation 149 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-43 Action Type (Planning;Regulation; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) ResponsibleDepartment or Agency (bold represents Eead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Encourage major employers in the city, including universities, hospitalsand others, to participate in TryParkinglt.com, the regional commuter program hosted byNCTCOG 6.10.1; 2.15.1 a Regulation Transportation,Planning & Development,and Economic Development DCTA. NCTCOG and Major Employers 150 Create a TMA, separately or in partnership with NCTCOG, to coordinate all TDM efforts in the city and work with major employers and city staff to enforce. Provideincentives, such as reduced parking requirements, for employers who agree to participate in commuter programs 6.9.2; 6.9.3; 3.12.3 a Transportation NCTCOG and Major Employers 151 Continue to allow and encourage the use of pervious or semi-pervious materials in the construction of parking facilities to further stormwater management goals. 9.11.2; 6.10.2 Regulation jon-going Planning & Development, EnvironmentalServices and Engineering 152 Revise the Site Design Criteria Manual accordingly to ensure parking areas in private development are consistent with the Urban Design Plan and overall urban design policies in the Community CharacterElement. 4,6,1 ; 6,10.3 e lgoing Planning & Development Planning and ZoningCommission 153 Encourage enactment of special parking requirements and dedicated parking areas to promote electric vehicles, car charging stations, and car sharing in the city. Incentive reduction of parking facilities, suchas for office and industrial developments that offer telecommuting and/or carpooling/vanpooling, and for shared parking facilities in mixed- use developments, 6.1 1.3: 6.11.5 Regulation ])ngoing Planning & Development, Building Inspections, andDME 154 10-44 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring Action Type (Planning; Regulation; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) Responsible Department or Agency (boldrepresents lead Dept. or Agency) ReferencedActions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Participate in NCTCOG air quality forums to follow regional policies to minimize air pollution from Denton’smobile sources and address air pollution on an airshed basis, including regional programs for alternative transportation. Update policies on reducing point-sourceemissions per TCEQ. Create a program to alert Denton residents when ozone levels are at potentially unhealthy levels, based on the Air Quality Index (AOI) monitored by NCTCOG 6.11.1; 2.15.1; 5.7.3; 5.7.4; 8.3.7; 8.3.8 Regulation Short, Ongoing Environmental Services and Transportation NCTCOG 155 Implement the city-wide anti-idling enforcement policy. Adopt the TCEQ idling limitations rule and sign aNorth Texas Memorandum of Agreement with TCEQ as part of an anti-idling enforcement policy. Create a partnership with DISD to reduce bus emissions through anti- idling enforcement and strategic route mapping. Coordinate with DCTA and NTCOG to apply for CMAQ and other funding to implement alternative mobility projects to offset vehicle emissions. 6.11.2; 6.11.3; 6.11.4; 6.12.2 a Regulation 1 Ongoing Environmental Services. Transportation,and Economic Development School Districts 156 Ensure that truck routes identified in the Rail and Trucking Component of the Mobility Plan are designed toallow the safe and efficient movement of freight vehicles, inbalance with the character of the surrounding community andcoordination with the FLUM Encourage freight generating land uses, such as manufacturing, warehousing and distribution centers, to be located adjacent totruck routes, rail lines, and travel centers. 6.12.1: 6.12.2 Planning Short, Ongoing r and Planning & Development 157 O planning for the Denton Enterprise Airport as part of the Airport master plan update. Planning I Mid Transportation and Airport Mobility Committee, I Airport AdvisoryCommittee. Economic Development 158 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan IO-45 Action Type (Planning; Regulation; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term, MId-term, Long-term, Ongotng) ResponsibleDepartment or Agency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) ReferencedActions and Related ItemsKey Action I 1 that are being transported through Denton away from heavily populated or environmentally sensitive areas. Planning Short, C)n- goIng Transportation 159 Ensure that bicycle and pedestrian facilities are included in the designof new roads and road improvements consistent with guidelines established in the Bicycle and Pedestrian Linkage Component of the Mobility Plan, the Parks, Recreation and Trails System Master Plan, and regional plans to guide the placement of facilities and educate residents on walking and cycling in Denton. Designate and maintain theCity of Denton as a Walk Friendly and Bicycle Friendly Community Coordinate departments and agencies to implement the Pedestrian and Bicycle Linkage component of the Mobility Plan, including education efforts such as the Smart Cycling Program. 3.5.4; 3.8.3; 4.2.4; 4.13.2;4.13.3; 6.13.1; 6.13.2; 6.13.6; 6.14.9, 6.14.10 Planning, Program Short, On-going Transportation, Engineering, Planning & Development,and Parks & Recreation Mobility Committee 160 Incorporate NCTCOG regional bicycle plans such as the Regional Veloweb, and the city’s Parks,Recreation, and Trails Master Plan recommendations into Denton's bicycle facilities planning and actively participate in NCTCOG's Bicycle and Pedestrian Advisory Committee (BPAC). 6.13.3; 6.13.4; 2.14.1; 5.7.4 Planning Mid On-going Transportation INCTcoG, Mobility and Engineering I Committee, ParksBoard 161 Incorporate the National Associationof City Transportation Officials (NACTO) Urban Bikeway Design Guide in the update of the MobilityPlan. 6.14.8; 6.13.3; 6.13.4: 2.14.1 ; 5.7.4 Planning Short mra Engineering, Planning & Development 162 10-46 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring Action Type (PFanning; Regulation; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term.Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) Responsible Department or Agency (bold represents lead Dept, or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Partner and collaborate with development projects to includemulti-modal features. such as bus shelters and reduced transit rate agreements, by providing incentivesfor best practices. Encourage new development to provide off-road trails and public pass through access where appropriate and feasible to promote site connectivity. Establish easements to allow pedestrian and bicycle access through private developments 6.15.2: 6.15.4: 6.15.5; 4.13.1 Planning, Program On-going Transportation, IDCTA Engineering andPlanning & Development 163 Complete and implement the Road Impact Fee feasibility study. Account for non-motorized transportation facilities in the impact fee study androad financing study. Use results to determine new development's fairshare of road costs. 6.16.1: 6.16.2; 3.15.1; 6.7.1 Planning Short, Ongoing Transportation Mobility Committee,Public Utilities Board 164 lmplement the MMawELe_d Code to permit transit-supportive densities and intensities. Encourage and incentivize new development to include transit supportive elements adjacent to existing DCTA stations. This could include development inmixed use areas, centers. and corridors, and are adjacent toexisting DCTA stations. Includeincentives and standards for new developments to include dedicatedtransit facilities and direct connections between transit stops and building entrances 6.17.1; 6.17.2;6.18.1 : 4.11.4 Regulation Short Planning & Development DCTA 165 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-47 Action Type (Planning; Regulation; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) Responsible Department orAgency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Continue to coordinate with DCTA to further the expansion of transit linksthroughout Denton and to ensure that existing and future centers inDenton are accessible via transit. Allow DCTA to comment on new development applications with respect to transit-friendly features and impacts on transit operations. Work with DCTA to identify service enhancements and the development of additional sub-hubs, such as the one at LiNT, in Denton. Ensure that public transit needs for senior and people with disabilities are met.Provide incentives for new development to include transit- friendly features. Work proactively with DCTA to progressively improve transit service to encourage ridership by choice and not just bynecessity. Coordinate with DCTA to identify future bus routes and transit stops/stations and develop overlays and area plans in these areas tosupport transit-oriented mixed-use development. Perform a study of the feasibility of [ implementing trolley service inDenton. 6.18.3; 6.10.2; 4.2.5; 6.19.1;6.19.2; 6.19.3;6.19.4; 6.19.6;8.7.7 Program 0 n-going Economic Development,Planning & Developmentand Transportation DCTA, UNT, and TWU 166 167 6.22.1 Planning Mid On-going Transportation jand Planning & Development DCTA NCTCOGParticipate in the NCTCOG/MP0’s Regional Transportation Council,technical committees and other regional bodies to advocate for expanded regional transit service, particularly those services that expand and enhance regionalconnections to Denton. 6.22.1 ; 2.15.1 Partnership Transportationand Planning & Development 168 Continue to promote the use of the A-Train to travel outside of Denton. serve commuter travel, and link withDART and other local transit 1 providers in the Metroplex. Work with DCTA to expand service of theA-Train and local routes to increase ridership and better serve the needs and schedules of the population 6.22.2; 6.22.3 Partnership On-going Economic Developmentand Transportation DCTA 169 10.48 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring Action Type (Planning; Regulation;Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) TImeframe (Short-term,Mid-term, Long-term. Ongoing) ResponsibleDepartment or Agency (bold represents lead Dept, or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Housing & Neighborhoods Create regulatory incentives to expand housing in and adjacent to I downtown through adaptive re-use, utilization of upper stories and infill development/redevelopment. 2.6.4; 3.11.2;7.1.3 Regulation 1 Short Planning & Development and Economic Development Texas Housing Department of Community Affairs, Community Development Advisory Committee 170 171 o Ih.12.2stock of owner-occupied smaller residential units. Regulation, IShortProgram Planning & Development Obalance the need for sufficient workforce housing with market feasibility. Regulation, Program On-going Economic Developmentand Planning & Development 172 Support efforts of the key partners to 17.2.1 expand the availability of affordable housing for low-moderate income residents through policies for mixedincome neighborhoods and housing development. a Program Community Development Denton Housing Authority, Denton ! Affordable HousingCorporation, andHabitat for Humanity 173 Assess the future feasibility of continuing efforts of the Community Development Division to utilize grantfunding targeted to address theneeds of low-moderate incomes and distressed neighborhoods, with future action priorities adjusted based on community input for consistency with neighborhood conservation strategies for mixed income housing and neighborhoods. 7.2.2 Program I Short Community Development Community Development Advisory Committee 174 Update the Consolidated Plan for Housing and Community Development to continually gauge the housing needs of Denton’s low income and special needs populations. 7.2.3 Planning Mid, an-going Community Development Local affordable housing providersand service agencIes,Community Development Advisory Committee Local Organizations 175 Partner and collaborate with local organizations and within City F departments to improve connections between home-related program resources and potential recipients and neighborhood groups. 7.2.4 Partnership, jOn-goingProgram e 176 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-49 Action Type (Planning;Regulation; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term,Mid-term Long-term, Ongoing) Responsible Department orAgency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) ReferencedActions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Assess the future feasibility of a rental housing and multi-family inspection and registration program 1 to ensure that rental dwellings are properly maintained for habitability and that existing rental units are not considered an impediment to fair housing in the community. 7.2.5 e Program moImprovementServices and Community Development177 Support efforts of key partners toaddress the needs of Denton's homeless population. Create a plan to identify and update the needs of Denton’s homeless population, including childhood homelessness, and identify key partners to aid in implementation. Explore best practices to bring innovative types of housing for the homeless to Denton. 7.3.1 ; 7.3.3;8.7.4 Partnership, lshort, On-Program I going Community Development Denton County Homeless Coalition, United Way, Denton County Behavioral Health LeadershipTeam, Denton County Public Health Department,Balance of State 178 Partner and collaborate with key community partners and agencies toaddress mental illness needs which significantly contribute tohomelessness. 7.3.2 Partnership, Ion-goingProgram Community Development HealthyCommunities Coalition. MHMR. and United Way 179 Encourage the development ofoptions for senior housing and housing for persons with disabilities 1 with a variety of unit types and affordability choices, including ADA accessible and active adult settings, Partner with organizations and agencies to provide assistance andconnect needs and resources for [ seniors and people with disabilities to be able to maintain single family homes and properties if they are able to live independently. Expand partnerships with nonprofithousing providers such as Habitat I for Humanity of Denton County and Denton Affordable Housing to encourage homeownership. Encourage UNT, TWU, and other major employers to provide financial incentives for home ownership, particularly in adjacent neighborhoods. 7.4.2 e Community Development Mayor’s Committeeon Persons with Disabilities, ARC,REACH180 7.4.3 a mo Development Mayor's Committeeon Persons with Disabilities. ARC,and REACH181 7.5.1 Partnership Short, On-going Community Development Habitat for Humanity of Denton County and DentonAffordable Housing 182 7.5.2 Partnership lshort, On-going Community Development UNT, TWU. and Major Employers183 10-50 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring Action Type (Planning;Regulation; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing} ResponsIbleDepartment orAgency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Create residential design guidelines to improve aesthetic quality and variety, including materials, color palettes, and architectural features such as porches and other elements indigenous to the region Create subdivision and neighborhood design guidelines incorporating best practices, such as clustering homes around shared I open space (pocket neighborhoods) 1 and other components of traditional neighborhood design (TND) including use of rear alleys, andorientation to streets with sidewalks and street trees. 7.7.1 Planning Study Short Planning & Development Planning and ZoningCommission 184 7.7.2 Planning Study Short Planning & Development Planning and ZoningCommission 185 Conduct participatory neighborhood planning efforts in older neighborhoods to address opportunities to enhance character and INability. Work with neighborhood associations to create a housing and neighborhood condition inventory and monitoring strategy. Provide opportunities to improve public, safety. health, and well-beingsuch as:• Improved waikability with sidewalks in all neighborhoods, and the prioritization of "saferoutes to school." • Expanded accessto parks and recreation, including development of abandonedproperties as pocket parks and urban gardens Improved neighborhood appearancethrough enforcement of dumping and property maintenance regulations and the removal of visualclutter. 7.7.3 Planning Study Mid Planning & Development 186 7.8.2 Planning Short, Ongoing Community Development NeighborhoodAssociations187 4.5.1; 5.1.8; 6.16.1; 7.8.2; 9.14.1 Program On-going Community Development, Transportation, Engineering and CommunityImprovementServices DISD 188 Denton 2040 ComprehensIve Plan 10-51 Action Type (Planning; Regulation; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term,Mid-term Long-term, Ongoing) ResponsibleDepartment or Agency (boFd represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Apply neighborhood conservation strategies such as targeted code enforcement, housing rehabilitation, clearance of blighted properties, and the encouragement of mixed income housing and neighborhoods. 7.8.8; 2.9.5 Planning Mn Community Development and Community ImprovementServices Local Organizations 189 Couple neighborhood cor strategies with local historic districtand historic conservation area and neighborhood stabilization policies, Regulation, IMid Program Planning & Development Historic Landmark Commission190 Link programming of plans for public investments in parks, schools, and community facilities consistent with neighborhood conservation strategies, Compatibility Areas, theConsolidated Plan and Area Plans Use existing and new public facilities as neighborhood anchors and activity centers, 7.8.1; 2.6.2; 2.7.1; 2.8.1; 3.12.4 Partnership IMid, On-going CommLI Development I Denton County and Planning & Development 191 Work with the City of Denton Department of Parks and Recreation and School Districts to match growth projections and identified growthareas to ensure that schools and community facilities are sited in future growth centers. 5.1.1; 7.10.1 Partnership lshort, an-going a Recreation and Planning & Development192 Collaborate with School Districts to create siting guidelines for thelocation of new schools and community facilities consistent withI overarching land use and urbandesign policies. Revisit the practice of private development drivingschool siting. 7.9.1 Regulation/ M Planning Planning & Developmentand Parks & Recreation School Districts 193 10-52 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring Action Type (Planning; ReguEation; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term.Mid-term, Long-term, Ongokng) Responsible Department or Agency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Work with DCTA, other transit agencies and the City of Denton Transportation Department andDenton school districts to ensure that schools and community facilities are accessible via walking, bicycling, and transit, including accessibility concerns for people with disabilities. Explore the viabilityof historic building reuse in housing new community facilities and programs. Locate school and school athletic facilities within or adjacent to neighborhood centers. Engage neighborhood residents in the design and programming of new community facilities to match needsof distinctive communities and demographic groups. Include neighborhood and social services and volunteer opportunities. Include needs for neighborhood and social services in the planning for andupgrading of community facilities. Include vocational and job training programs in both School Districts and City of Denton facilities to serveDenton residents. 3.12.4; 4.12.2; 4.15.2; 6.13; 7.9.1 ; 7.10.1; 7.10.2; 7.11.3; 7.13.1; 7.13.2 Regulation/ Planning Mid, On-going [Transportation, IDCTA and School Engineering and I DistrictsParks & Recreation 194 7.11.1;7.11 .2; 7.12.3; 8.7.6;8.8.8 Planning,Program On-going Community ! School Districts Developmentand Planning & Development 195 Conduct a study of all community facilities as part of the updated Capital Improvements Plan (CIP) to analyze the capacity for shared services among existing facilities, Include shared use spaces in plans for future community facilities. Co- locate community facilities close by to other community facilities when possible for land use and operationa efficiency. 3.13.1 ; 3.13.2; 5.3.1; 7.12.1; 7.12.2; 8.5.2; 8.6.2 Planning, Program Mid, On-going Parks & Recreation and Planning & Development 196 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-53 Ai Action Type (Planning; Regulation; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term,Mid-term. Long-term, C)ngo}ng) Responsible Department or Agency (boFd represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Apply policies for the siting and co- location of civic uses including• Co-locate school and school athletic facilities within or adjacent regional activitycenters Locate elementary school within neighborhood centers Locate major recreational activity centers within or adjacent to regional activity centers. industrial. or mixed-use areas where possible.Locate civic facilities along major corridors to prevent strip commercial development. • Encourage churches, service clubs and other quasi-publicuses to co-locate within appropriate activity centers.Ensure compatibility of civic use clusters by choosing locationsthat are suitable for multi-modal accessibility and neighborhood accessibility. • • • • 7.13.1 Regulation, IShort Program Planning & Development School Districts and Major Employers 197 Utilize overarching urban design guidelines for the design and planning of new municipal facilities. Include exemplary architectural details when constructing community facilities. Engage the community in the design and planning for new community facilities. Apply best practice I sustainability standards, ensure that facilities are accessible via the open space and pedestrian network, and designed consistent with municipallighting standards utilizing as much natural light as possible. 4.6.1; 7.9.2; 7.14.1; 7.14.2; 7.14.4; 7.14.5; 7.14.6; 7,14.7; 8.5.3; 8.6.3 Program Short Planning & Development 198 10-54 Implementation & MonitorIng Implementation & Monitoring Action Type ReguFatioi; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term,Mid-term, Long'term, Ongoing) Responsible Department orAgency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Community Health, Safety & Services Produce a Health ImpactAssessment (HIA) for Denton following CDC guidelines and publish it online. Create an annual Community Health Report Card featuring the progress of programs focused on community health and the findings of the initial HIA and publish it online 8.1.1; 8.1.5 Planning I Long Planning & Development Denton County 199 Partner and collaborate with Denton County to create a health policy framework to be applied amongdepartments within the city and county including streets, utilities, planning, parks and recreation, andenvironmental services. 8.1.2 Plannr Partnership e 200 Dedicate staff persons within the City of Denton to oversee programs,recommendations and guidance focused on community health. Apply Ithe reference resources on community health including UU and APA guidebooks, as well as thehealth-related recommendations of Vision North Texas created by NCTCOG. 8.1.3; 8.1.4 Prograar Community I NCTCOG; Denton Development I County Health and Planning & IDepartment Development 201 Create a robust public relations campaign centered on community health advocacy and promoting physical activity. Work with Denton School Districts to promote awareness of healthy lifestylechoices within Denton schools. Work with major employers and healthcare providers to promote healthy lifestyle choices within Denton employment centers. 8.2.1; 8.2.2; 8.2.3 a o Development School Districts. Major Employers,and Healthcare Providers. Denton County Health Department202 Locate land uses according to the Future Land Use Map (FLUM) to ensure that sensitive land uses are not in conflict with health hazards. applying standards of environmental justice, 8.3.2: 2.1.2 e Program Planning & Development 203 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-55 Action Type (Planning; Regulation; Program; Capital; Outreach: Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) Responsible epartment orAgency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related Items D Key Action Partners Continue to implement policies from Denton’s Sustainability Plan: Sustainable Denton (2020) regarding i expansion of community gardens F and urban agriculture to promote access to healthy foods. Actively seek out and implement methods to make local food production easier. 8.3.4; 8.1.6 Program On-going EnvironmentalServices. Parks & Recreation and Planning & Development204 Update the HVA every five years.Include consideration of gas well I drilling and production in the HVAand addressed by policies of theOEM. 8.4.1; 8.4.2 Planning 1 Ongoing I Fire 205 Plan and provide for police and fire stations, offices, and supporting facilities adequate to support levelof service standards. Maintain public facilities and services to providecurrent levels of service to new development. Maintain response I time standards established by theNational Fire Protection Association Evaluate existing levels of service forall capital infrastructure to identify deficiencies and excess capacities. Regularly evaluate Public Safety response times to ensure efficientdistribution of necessary publicservices. 8.5.1; 8.6.1; 8.6.4; 3.9.2;3.9.5 Planning, Program n 206 207 Continue to strengthen and grow the City’s neighborhood policing program. 8.5.5 8.6.5 r Wr Provide connections to resources such as permit assistance and taxrebates for tornado shelter purchases and installation. Regulation 1 On-going I Fire and Police 208 Focus on prevention programs to heighten awareness, minimize loss, and support a safer community. Reduce the possibility of fire incommercial. industrial. and multI family buildings through development review and a high- quality inspection program 8.6.6;Program On-going Fire and Police; Building Safety 209 10-56 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring Action Type (Planning; ReguEation; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short.term, Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) Responsible Department orAgency (bold represents lead Dept_ or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners 210 Continue and streng'tihen the City's participation in the National Incident Management System (NIMS). 8.6.7 r n Work with existing Denton community groups to create a dedicated campus facility for non-profit use and the provision of community services and programs. Establish a consortium among city and county departments, School Districts, and local youth-focused non-profits to prioritize and create an action plan for identifying and updating the needs of Denton youth and identify key partners to aid in implementation of programs. 8.7.1 - 8.7.8 Outreach Ongoing Community Development Local Organizations 211 8.7.2 Planning Mid, Ongoing e School Districts 212 Create a plan for identifying and updating the needs for combattingsubstance abuse in Denton and identify key partners to aid in implementation of programs IncEude health education and preventative care guidelines in all programs serving communities ofneed 8.7.3 a Community Developmentand Police Denton County andSchool Districts 213 8.7.5 Outreach. Program On'going All Departments I Denton County and United Way 214 Establish a task force to create 215 1 policies to eliminate predatory''" jlending practices in Denton. 8.7.8 Mid Planning & Development and Legal Establish a City of Denton staff position to oversee volunteer organization and mobilization. Work with non-profit groups to identify existing volunteer programs and create a framework for identifying additional program needs. Regularly update and enliven the page on the Denton website advertising volunteer opportunities. 8.8.1-3 Governance I Mid Structure Community Development Local Organizations and United Way 216 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-57 Action Type (Ptanning; Regulation;Program; Capital;Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term,Mid-term, Long-term, Ongo ing) ResponsibleDepartment or Agency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Establish partnerships with UNT and TWU and major employers to volunteer within the community. Work with Denton County Health Department to continue and expand volunteer opportunities related to provision of health care and healtheducation. 8.8.4.6 a Community Development UNT. TWU. and Major Employers, Denton County Health Department217 Infrastructure & Utilities Provide efficient and effective customer services by maintaining rapid response times to customer outages, enhancing communication systems, developing automatedmeter reading capabilities, and improving system automation and analysis capabilities, 9.1.1; 3.9.1 Regulation 1 On.going IDME 218 219 Seek cost-effective sources of power. 9.1.2 9.1.3 Program Planning On-going Mid DME DME Public Utilities Board Continue to identify, evaluate, and invest in new technologies and I energies that can spur economic F development, and continue to seek opportunities to incentivize the use of these technologies. Public Utilities Board 220 Continue purchase policy for municipal lighting fixtures that are energy efficient and where feasible prioritize non-toxic, non-hazardous lighting equipment materials, avoid glare, spill light and energy waste 9.3.1 r Facilities, Environmental Services and DME Public Utilities Board 221 Develop and adopt a street lighting criteria plan and standards that areconsistent with Dark Skyrecommendations. 4.11.1; 9.3.2;9.3.3 e oPlanning I I Developmentand DME Public Utilities Board222 Ensure that communications infrastructure, including fiber optic cables, are installed proactively to keep up with demand as Denton grows. Install telecommunicationsinfrastructure consistent with the Denton Development Code (DDC). 9.4.1 : 9.4.2 Rel Engineering,Tech Services CommunicationService Providers 223 10-58 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring Action Type (Planning; RegulatIon; Program; Capital; Outreach; PartnershIps) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) Responsible Department orAgency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Work with local businesses. such as Communication Services Providers,via the Chambers of Commerce to sponsor free public wireless internet (Wi-FI) and increase availability throughout the city. 9.4.4 Program I Mid Tech Services Chambers of Commerce 224 225 Establish maintenance regulations in 1 9.4.5; 9.7.8;the DDC that ensures long-term 1 9.8.9; 9.11.5 viability of infrastructure systems. Regulation 1 On-going I Engineering Public Utilities Board Continue to enforce engineering code requirements that facilitate the installation of undergrounddistribution facilities for all new commercial and residential developments through the Denton Development Code. Pursue the installation of underground distribution facilities along and adjacent to major entranceways Fund the conversion of existingoverhead electric facilities to underground on a fiscallyresponsible basis through electricservice initiatives. 9.5.1; 9.5.2; 9.5.3 Regulation Short, On- goIng DME 226 Enforce criteria within the Denton Development Code that requires service providers to convert existing overhead facilities to underground by adopting the same service criteria utilized by DME. New electric feeder lines to major load centers may be installed overhead except inspecially designated areas, or where existing electric, communications, and cable facilities have already been converted to underground facilities 9.4.3; 9.5.4; 9.5.5 Partnership jon-going,Short DME and Planning & Development Communication Service Providers. Public Utilities Board 227 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-59 Action Type (Planning;Regulation; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term. Mid-term. Long-term, Ongoing) Responsible Department orAgency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Promote implementation of the Tree Code that encourages service providers (i.e„ cable, telephone, electricity, data communications, etc.) in the city to follow the same [ service criteria utilized by Denton Municipal Electric regarding tree trimming and planting requirements to ensure compliance with national and state regulations related to electric safety. 9.5.6; 5.5.7 Regulation Short, Ongoing Planning & Development,DME and Engineering Communication Service Providers.Public Utilities Board 228 229 Review and consider renewing thecity's untreated water supply contract with the City of Dallas. 9.6.1 PrograrJl Water Coordinate regionally to achieve sustainable practices in conserving the water supply of North Texas, drought preparedness, and synchronized regional messaging Participate in regional waterplanning and secure water supply contracts with local water suppliers such as North Texas Municipal Water District, Tarrant RegionalWater District and/or Dallas Water Utilities. 9.6.2; 9.6.4; 5.8.9; 2.15.1 Partnership Ml golrIg Water and Environmental Services Local Water Suppliers 230 Continue to implement the Denton I Water Conservation and Drought I Contingency Plan to help reduce per capita water use. 9.6.3 Planning C)n.going Water and Environmental Services Public Utilities Board231 Identify and pursue new water sources as water supplies becomemore scarce and as water demands increase. 9.6.5 Planning Cin-going Water Public Utilities Board232 Encourage comr I employ best management practices[for water reduction such as use of landscape irrigation improvements. Outreach On-going Water,Sustainable Denton233 10-60 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring Action Type (Planning; Regulation; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) ResponsibleDepartment or Agency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) ReferencedActions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Promote infrastructure capacityimprovements to support infill development and redevelopment, over new line extensions that expand the geographic coverage of the city’s infrastructure systems. Workproactively to identify gaps in existing infrastructure to support connectivity of existing networks and reduce leapfrog development. I Anticipate future growth needs byF oversizing water and wastewaterdistribution lines to meet future development. Upgrade infrastructurefor treated water transmission and inflow/infiltration infrastructure improvements into newly developed areas. Continue to require residential and commercial developers to pay to extend water distribution infrastructure to service development areas. 9.7.1; 9.7.2; 9.7.3; 9.7.4; 9.7.5; 9.8.6 Program On'going a Wastewater, and I Board Engineering 234 Continue to require residential andcommercial developers to pay toextend water distribution and wastewater collection infrastructure to service development areas. Include these requirements in the Denton Development Code. Balance new elevated storage tanks to the existing elevated storage G tanks and allow for adequate refillrates. Build additional elevated storage over the next twenty years toaccommodate future water needs 9.7.3; 9.8.5 Program, Regulation C)n.going Water and Wastewater 235 9.7.6; 9.7.7 Planning I Mid - Long jwater 236 Ensure that water is treated and distributed so that water quality meets or exceeds all applicable State and Federal requirements. 9.7.9 Program Short, On- I Water goIng237 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-61 Action Type (Planning; Regulation; Program;Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) Responsible Department orAgency (bold represents Eead Dept. or Agency) ReferencedActions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Provide wholesale wastewater services to entities outside the Denton area in the Hickory Creekwatershed to strategically protect the city's drinking water intake from wastewater pollutants. Continue towork with communities around Lakes Lewisville and Ray Roberts toestablish effective collection and treatment systems to alleviate potential water quality problems through active permitting, monitoring, and enforcement. Continue to monitor quality ofDenton’s drinking water and provide annual updates. 9.8.1; 9.8.2;5.8.8 Outreach Short, C)n- golrlg Water, I Denton CountyWastewater and Environmental Services 238 Continue to identify locations forwastewater facilities in areas that meet engineering criteria and are compatible with adjacent properties to the greatest extent possible. 9.8.3 Program Long, On- golrlg Wastewater Public Utilities Board 239 Maintain system integrity by I prohibiting any connection to the city sewer system that is overloaded and continue pre-treatment programs Continue the pretreatment programs 1 to improve influent quality. Ensure that wastewater collection. treatment, and associated F wastewater support activities meetall applicable local, State, and Federal requirements. Implement a targeted educational program on the benefits of wastewater effluent reuse to high. volume users. Engage in long-term partnerships that implement F wastewater effluent reuse. Expand and promote the capabilities of providing effluent to the industrialand commercial sectors as well as parks and golf courses for irrigation purposes 9.8.7 Program }0n-going I Wastewater 240 241 9.8.8 9.8.1 O Program Program On-going Short, On- goIng Environmental Services Wastewater 242 9.9.1; 9.9.2; 9.9.3 Outreach. Partnership Mid. Ongoing Wastewater and Public Communications 243 244 a I options and expand DynoDirt product production, as practicable. Planning Shc Solid Waste & Recycling 10-62 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring Action Type (Planning; ReguEation;Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term, MId-term, Long-term. Ongoing) Responsible Department or Agency (bold represents lead Dept' or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Continue to invest in expandedeffluent use to industrial and commercial uses, and parks and golf courses for irrigation purposes that will significantly reduce the use of potable water for non-potable purposes. Ensure that stormwater management meets all applicable local, State, and Federal requirements for both water quantity and water quality. Identify funding to provide low impact drainage facilities by reserving a sufficient amount of landfor landscaping, green space, orother permeable areas based on fully developed watershed conditions in developments. 9.9.5 Regulation 1 On-going Wastewater and I Public UtilitiesDrainage I Board 245 9.10.3 Program 1 Ongoing Drainage and Environmental Services246 9.11.1 Program I On-going Drainage. Engineering, and Environmental Services247 Routinely review and revise engineering standards for roads and stormwater systems to apply low- impact design ( green infrastructure) elements to improve the quality ofstormwater runoff. 5.8.2; 9.11.1, 9.11.2, 9.11.3; 9.10.2 r Planning r es Environmental IBoard Services248 I surface areas as a result of new 19.11.2. 9.12.4: development through the adoption of 1 9.10.2 low-impact design regulations andincorporation of green standards (i.e. LEED) for new construction. Update impervious surface city inventories to inform utility drainagefee revisions. e Engineering, Environmental Services and Drainage 249 Continue to enforce the North Central Texas Council of Government’s (NCTCOG’s) iSWM Criteria Manual for Site Developmentand Construction and continue to participate with regional groups to identify and implement best practices per state and federal regulations. 9.10.2: 9.11.2: 9.12.1: 5.8.4; 2.15.1; 9.12.6 Partnership, jongoingProgram Environmental INCTcoG Services and Engineering 250 Coordinate drainage irlr development with operational best 19.10.2 practices and the City's Watershed Protection Program. Program 1 Ongoing Drainage and Environmental Services251 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-63 Action Type (Planning; Regulation; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term. Long-term, Ongoing) ResponsibleDepartment or Agency (boFd represents lead Dept. or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Update the r Manual and Denton DevelopmentCode to address low impact development, including green infrastructure BMPs. Update the landscaping standards of the Denton Development Code to promote use of drought-tolerant plant materials jand water-efficient irrigationE practices in all new development. Revise policies that allow use ofman-made water features for decorative purposes only. Requirepolices that expand basin functionality such as for stormwater detention, irrigation water storage, wildlife habitat or other related purposes 8.3.6; 9.12.2; 9.12.3; 9.12.5 Regulation Short, 0 n- goIng Environmental Services, Drainage, andPlanning & Development Public Utilities Board 252 Promote low-impact development implementation to improve stormwater quantity and quality system-wide. 9.12.4; 5.7.5 Regulation, IShort,Program I On-going Environmental Services. Engineering, and Planning & Development Public Utilities Board 253 Prevent any new structures from being constructed in the 100-year floodplain. For property located in the floodplain, affected undevelopable property may bededicated to homeowners’ associations or directly to the city as a park or open space area as one lot. Remove existing structures from or adjacent to the 1 00-year floodplain as opportunities come available. 9.13.1; 9.13.3 Regulation Short, On-going Engineering and Environmental Services 254 10-64 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring Action Type (Planning;ResponsibleTimeframeRegulation;Department or(Short-term,arnReferenced Agency (boldCapital;Mid-term,Actions and represents leadOutreach;Long-term.PartnersRelated Items Dept. or Agency)Partnerships) Ongoing)Key Action Preserve, protect and, where possible, dedicate floodplains to the city in accordance with the city's Watershed Protection Program , a program to reduce pollutants withinsurface waters. and the Parks andRecreation Plan to accommodate multiple functions for flood conveyance, transportation (trails), recreation and open space, habitat protection, and environmental preservation. Upgrade the flood monitoring system to include predictive flooding condition capabilities. 9.13.4; 9.13.5 Regulation, Program Ongoing Engineering, Environmental Services. andParks & Recreation 255 256 Support Keep Denton Beautiful to 19.14.1 engage Denton residents in creating a clean and beautiful city. Partnership jon-going Parks & Recreation Parks Board Educate the community about wastereduction, recycling, and reuse with a welcoming facility at EC0-W.E.R.K.S that includes on-site engagement 1 through facility tours, a recyclingeducation room at the Pratt Materials Recovery Facility, compost demonstration gardens, and appropriate interactive learning opportunities. Continue to partner with School Districts, UNT, and TWU to developand present STEM "reduce, reuse, recycle" curriculum and programs 9.14.2 Outreach I On-going Solid Waste & Recycling,Environmental Services. and Public Communications257 9.14.3 t Solid Waste & Recycling School Districts. UNT, and TWU258 Seek out innovative partnerships with community non-profits andfoster collaborations with organizations that shareenvironmental and waste reduction missions. Support business community relations through activity in organizations such as theChambers of Commerce. 9.14.5 Partnership lshort,On- goIng Solid Waste & Recycling Local Organizationsand Chambers of Commerce 259 Establish the Home Chemical Collection Center as a regional facility and maintain operation of theReUse store to foster material reuse and recycling 9.15.1 a Solid Waste & Recycling260 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-65 Action Type (Planning; RegulatIon; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short,term,Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing) Responsible Department or Agency (bold represents lead Dept. or Agency) ReferencedActions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Maintain partnership with PrattRecycling for operation of the materials recovery facility (MRF) at EC0-W.E.R.K.S., adding additional commodities to the single streammIX as opportunities arise Seek opportunities for additional public-private agreements to fosterdevelopment of new technologies for recycling, energy production and economic development in support of city sustainability initiatives Standardize access to recyclingprograms for every Denton resident in multi-family housing, and all commercial businesses through a Universal Recycling program. Target additional commercial and residential organic and food wastestreams for composting. Expand on. site organics recovery, composting, or energy production with foodwastes or recovered wood not appropriate for Dyno-dirt program. Support appropriate legislation thatreduces waste, litter, and illegal dumping; creates product stewardship initiatives that require producer/retailer responsibility forthe design and end-of-life of products; and increases the amount or feasibility of recycling opportunities. 9.15.2 Partnership Ion-going Solid Waste & Recycling Pratt Recycling 261 9.15.3 Program Short, C)n- goIng Solid Waste & Recycling,Economic Development,and DME Major Employers 262 9.15.4 Program Short, On- goIng Solid Waste & Recycling263 9.15.5; 9.17.4 Program Short, On- going Solid Waste & Recycling andWastewater 264 9.15.6 e Solid Waste & Recycling, Keep Denton Beautiful. and CommunityImprovement Services 265 Require the site design of commercial, multifamily, industrial,and institutional land uses to include allocations and screening for trash and recycling collection containers,and for other waste streams generated by the entity, meeting placement and vehicle approach specifications for safe, cost-efficientcollections (both dumpsters and/or compactors) 9.16.1 Regulation I On-going Solid Waste & Recycling and Planning & Development 266 10-66 Implementation & Monitoring Implementation & Monitoring Action Type (PEanning; Regulation; Program; Capital; Outreach; Partnerships) Timeframe (Short-term, Mid-term, Long-term, Ongoing} ResponsibleDepartment or Agency (bold represents lead Dept, or Agency) Referenced Actions and Related ItemsKey Action Partners Maintain Solid Waste & Recyclingvehicle fleet that utilizes efficient technology to safely collect materials and that operates on cleanfuels. 9.16.2 Program On-going Solid Waste & Recycling 267 Utilize technologies such as GIS, RFID, and other routing programs to gather information about participation to target residential information, and maximize routing capability. 9.16.3 Program Short, On- goIng Solid Waste & Recycling 268 Further incentivize residential and commercial waste reduction through expanded volume-based waste collection pricing and/or recycling partICIpatIon Expand and support pedestrian waste and recycling receptacles in walkways and public spaces,promoting a clean and green physical environment. 9.16.4 Program On-going Solid Waste & Recycling269 9.16.5 Outreach C)n-going Solid Waste & Recycling 270 271 Develop initiative to improve gas- generated from the landfill. 9.17.1 Program Program C)n-going On-going Solid Waste & Recycling, DME Maintain and improve groundwater protection and monitoring systems, methane collection and monitoring for off-site methane migration prevention, collection and treatment of leachate, and management ofstormwater to ensure that the landfill is operated without degradation ofthe environment. 9.17.3 Solid Waste & Recycling andEnvironmental Services 272 Denton 2040 Comprehensive Plan 10-67 A 'b’+1 4ll4+ UA This page intentionally left blank. IO-68 Implementation & Monitoring DENTON a'IIt + iI, ++qi #!al /+ b+'& (% Matrix