23-1604ORDINANCE NO. 23-1604
AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF DENTON, TEXAS ADOPT[NG THE
STREETLIGHTTNG CRITERIA MANUAL; PROVIDING SEVERABILITY AND SAvrNGS
CLAUSES, AND AN EFFECTIVE DATE.
WHEREAS, pursuant to Ordinance No. DCA18-0009q, the City Council of the City of
Denton, a Texas home-rule municipal corporation (the ’'City") adopted the newly revised Denton
Development Code, superseding and expressly repealing Chapters 3 1, 34 and 35 of the 1991 Code
of the City of Denton, Texas, as amended, and leaving all other Chapters intact and superseding
and expressly repealing the 2002 Denton Development Code, as amended; and
WHEREAS, the Denton Development Code established a process whereby the
policies, regulations, and procedures relating to zoning and development within the City and
its regulatory extratenitorial jurisdiction are legislatively established by the Council after
public hearing in accordance with State law; and
WHEREAS, the creation of specific design standards and methodologies (the
"Development Criteria Manual") are delegated to staff of professionals possessing the necessary
and appropriate licensure and expertise who may also consult with their peers in both the public
and private sectors, consistent with the policy direction of Council; and
WHEREAS, the Development Criteria Manual process was intended to benefit the public
and the development community by empowering City professional staff to more quickly
implement new and improved materials and methods as they are developed, in accordance with
generally accepted design standards of the industry, as appropriate to achieving an equal or greater
public benefit for costs expended, for issues not involving policymaking decisions; and
WHEREAS, the Streetlighting Criteria Manual will be adopted by ordinance;
and
WHEREAS, after providing notice and conducting a public hearing as required by State
law, the City Council finds that the Streetlighting Criteria Manual is consistent with the
Comprehensive Plan and is in the public interest; NOW THEREFORE,
THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF DENTON HEREBY ORDAINS :
SECTION 1. The findings and recitations contained in the preamble of this ordinance are
incorporated herein by reference and found to be true.
SECTION 2. The Streetlighting Criteria Manual is hereby adopted and shall read as
contained in Exhibit "A."
SECTION 3. It is hereby officially found and determined that the meeting at which this
Ordinance was passed was open to the public as required by law, and that public notice of the time,
place, and purpose of the meeting was given as required by State law.
Page 1
SECTION 4. If any section, subsection, paragraph, sentence, clause, phrase, or word in this
Ordinance, or the application thereof to any person or under any circumstances is held invalid by
any court of competent jurisdiction, such holding shall not affect the validity of the remaining
portions of this Ordinance, and the City Council of the City of Denton, Texas hereby declares it
would have enacted such renaming provisions despite any such invalidity.
SECTION 5. Save and except as amended hereby, all the provisions, sections, subsections,
paragraphs, sentences, clauses, and phrases of the code of Ordinances shall remain in full force
and effect.
SECTION 6. In compliance with Section 2.09(c) of the Denton Charter, this ordinance
shall become effective fourteen (14) days from the date of its passage, and the City Secretary is
hereby directed to cause the caption of this ordinance to be published twice in the Denton Record
Chronicle, a daily newspaper published in the City of Denton, Texas, within ten (10) days of the
date of its passage.
The motion to approve this ordinance was made by ChrIS b c+\ 3 and
seconded by Br , ,A SIcK , the ordinance was passed and approved by
the following vote U_ - a] :
Aye Nay Abstain Absent
Gerard Hudspeth, Mayor:/
,/
./
––J–
\/
Vicki Byrd, District 1 :
Brian Beck, District 2:
Paul Meltzer, District 3 :
Joe Holland, District 4:
Brandon Chase McGee, At Large Place 5 :
Chris Watts, At Large Place 6:
PASSED AND APPROVED this, the I b\ day of IJo\rc+-bB/ , 2023.
GERARD HUDSPETFI, MAYOR
ATTEST:
JESUS SALAZAR, CITY SECRETARY
Jlttlltl/
Page 2
APPROVED AS TO LEGAL FORM:
MACK REINWAND, CITY ATTORNEY
Digitally signed by Susan Keller
, DN: dc=com. dc=cityofdenton. dc=codadIler:!t?E!;„l'h'i£,I:!ila=?;""
email=Susan.Keller@cityofdenton.com
IR V • Date: 2023.10.31 1 (D9:25 -0S'0(Y
Susan Ke
Page 3
Exhibit A
Page 4
Streetlight Criteria Manual Introduction and Purpose
Introduction
The City of Denton has developed this manual to assist developers and engineers in creating an
aesthetic, consistent, and safe lighting plan for our streets, sidewalks, and neighborhoods. This manual
outlines the process for design, review, and approval of new lighting projects as well as the criteria for
modernizing existing lighting infrastructure. Streetlights are usually owned by Denton Municipal Electric
(DME) which is a part of the City of Denton (The City), however they may be installed, operated, and
maintained by DME, other electric utilities, or private owners depending on the location. This criteria
manual has been created to help navigate the process for selecting, permitting, placing, and maintaining
streetlighting throughout the city. This manual does not apply to security, area, pathway, private, or
other lighting not associated with a public road.
This manual cannot cover all the situations that might be encountered, required, or requested in the
construction and installation of streetlighting. Any apparent discrepancy, omission, error, or
requirement necessitating further explanation or interpretation should be referred to DME Engineering
for further clarification.
Purpose
The purpose of this manual is to implement the following guiding principles into the application of street
designs in the City of Denton:
Enhance safety of the community for pedestrians and drivers alike
Conserve energy by prioritizing efficient lighting design
Minimize impact to the environment including light pollution
Minimize impact to neighborhoods and residences by reducing light trespass
Provide for a uniform and aesthetic look throughout the city
Be fiscally responsible through effective application of design principles
Applicability
The existing streetlight installations throughout the City of Denton have been accepted as is at the time
of approval of this manual. Retro-active replacements and upgrades solely for the purpose of bringing
existing lighting up to the standards of this manual are not required. This manual is intended to apply to
all new projects in the City beginning January 1, 2024. (This means the project has been
approved/permitted by Development Services on or after 1/1/24).
Streetlight Criteria Manual Requirements
General Requirements
The City adheres to the guidance of ANSI RP-8 Recommended Practice for Design and Maintenance of
Roadway and Parking Facility Lighting for all highways and streets except for local residential streets wah
speed limits less than 30 mph. ANSI RP-8 acknowledges that vehicle headlights may provide adequate
illumination for slower speeds when the driver has sufficient time for reaction and stopping.1 For local
residential streets (e.g., within a residential development) with speeds less than 30 mph, street lighting
shall be placed no more than 250 feet apart. A photometric (lighting) study will be required for all new
installations except for local residential streets with speed limits less than 30 mph.
These standards shall apply to all new streetlight installations, upgrades, replacements, and conversions
from the date of the adoption of these standards onward.
Easement, right-of-way, and permitting regulations that are not listed in this manual still apply to
streetlights. The developer is responsible for knowing and adhering to any laws and regulations
governing development and construction relating to the work being done.
Developers are responsible for the design, materials, and installation costs of all streetlighting on public
streets within and adjacent to their project. See Developer and DME Responsibilities section of this
manual for more specific descriptions of responsibilities. DME will only energize new streetlights after
the installation has been accepted by DME. For most lighting installations, following energization, DME
will accept ownership and maintenance of streetlights unless the lighting is located on a private drive
(i.e. the City has not taken ownership of the street / streetlights) or the lighting is non-standard and will
not be owned or maintained by DME.
Streetlights are not normally metered. The City (or customer in certain cases) is charged a monthly
usage and maintenance fee per light according to he City Utility Rates Manual. This does not apply to
private drives and other private properties where the developer or customer chooses to install lighting
other than the standard city approved options. In such cases, DME will provide a metered service point
only and the customer will be responsible for all installation, maintenance, and fees associated with the
lighting installation in accordance with applicable city codes, ordinances, and utility service standards for
the life of the installation.
City streets and street projects will not be considered complete until adequate streetlighting has been
installed, approved, and energized. For example, for the streets in a new development to be accepted
by and turned over to The City, street lighting must be complete.
1 ANSI RP-8, Section 11.6.3.1 “When Residential Street Lighting May Not Be Needed”
Roadway Lighting Requirements
Roadway Designations
To determine the proper lighting for a roadway, it is important to determine what type of vehicle and
pedestrian traffic the roadway is meant to accommodate. Roadways may be classed into several
different categories based on these two variables. The lighting requirements are then applied to
provide adequate lighting to mitigate the risks of collision by a vehicle with another object, vehicle, or
pedestrian.
Roadways may be classified as highways, arterials, collectors, and local roads2 . Local roads may include
alleys, rural streets, and cul-de-sacs . Local roads may be residential streets (providing direct access to
homes) or other local roads providing access to businesses and connecting larger roads together. Local
roads generally have speed limits less than 30 mph, while highways, arterials, and collectors will have
higher speed limits. Specific road classification and design information may be found in the City of
Denton Transportation Criteria Manual.3
Lighting Evaluations and Design
For streetlighting of highways and streets, except local residential streets with speeds less than 30 mph,
lighting shall be designed per ANSI RP-8. A photometric (lighting) study will be required for these new
installations. ANSI RP-8 requires that a pedestrian activity classification be made to determine the
required lighting levels. See ANSI RP-8 for further guidance on pedestrian activity classification and
streetlighting design requirements. Additional information may also be found in the TxDOT Highway
Illumination Manual, and AASHTO GL-7, “Roadway Lighting Design Guide". All designs adhering to ANSI
RP-8 standards shall be verified and documented using appropriate lighting design software. A licensed
Professional Engineer in the state of Texas shall stamp all lighting designs before they are approved.
For all local residential streets with speeds less than 30 mph, street lighting shall be installed at
intersections, cul-de-sacs, and no more than 250 feet apart for the remainder of the street. Lighting
may be installed along one side of the street, both sides in parallel, both sides alternating, or in the
median. Separation distances should bomeasured along the centerline of the street. Additional lighting
may need to be considered if there are obstacles or road geometries that cutoff some of the light. See
the Sample Local Residential Streetlighting Layout below.
When designing or adding streetlights to existing roadways and/or neighborhoods, consideration should
be given to the style and placement of any existing fixtures. New streetlighting shall be chosen from the
available styles that most closely matches the style of the existing lighting in the area. Historic poles are
only approved for specific applications and areas designated as historic districts or within the downtown
TIP area
2 Local roads are further broken down into residential and non-residential streets in portions of this manual allow
flexibility in managing light levels in residential neighborhoods.
3 https://www.cityofdenton.com/DocumentCenter/View/4426/Transportation-Criteria-Manual-PDF
1 ' IfIER6£CnOI
2 kI;eLDeR
3 . Cllr.IX.BAD
Sample Local Residential Street Lighting Layout
Lights are shown at intersections, cul-de-sacs, and mid-
block when spacing between lights exceeds 250 feet.
Intersections and Crosswalks
Intersections have a much higher number of potential conflict points as vehicles and pedestrians are
permitted to cross through normal lanes of traffic. Therefore, additional care is needed when planning
intersection lighting. ANSI RP-8 should be used to design lighting at intersections for larger, busier
streets as stated previously.
Because of the additional safety concerns for vehicles, cyclists, and pedestrians at crosswalks and
intersections, the following examples (taken from ANSI RP-8) are provided to assist streetlight design for
local streets. While not strictly required, they should be considered as good lighting practice for these
types of locations.
Main Road
TypIcal Four-Leg Intersection
A u T+; i: : 1 )
Typical Crosswalk Lighting
Typical “T" IntersectIon
Roundabouts and Traffic Circles
Like intersections, roundabouts and traffic circles have a higher number of potential conflict points than
normal streets. ANSI RP-8 should be used to design lighting at traffic circles and roundabouts of larger
streets. For local streets, an example of round-about lighting design considerations is shown below.
Some locations may not require as much lighting as shown depending on the size of the traffic circle.
Crosswalk
Entrance Lights positIoned here
Illuminate crosswalk traffic
with positIve contrast for
Lights positioned here
+/ llUniUttrheu
circle
Circulatory Roadway (Note that the number of
fixtures on the
circumference may be more
or less than what is shown
to meet the illumination
requirements )
Roundabout lighting placement4
4 Image obtained from researchgate.net and modified
Railroad Crossings
Railroad crossings are slightly different than normal intersections and require lighting adjustments
accordingly. It is of course, vitally important that drivers are able to see a train that is crossing, and
conversely, that the train engineer has a clear picture of any obstructions while approaching an
intersection. Street lighting at railroad crossings should therefore illuminate the intersection while not
causing glare for the drivers or train engineer. The following figure illustrates the recommended lighting
placement for a railroad crossing.
75 - IOO R
Ligtt is pbced to ligtitn
approach to tIe tracks in each
direction ara also heI)s to
iltxninate tIe sidu of tIn train
for tIe approacling drivers
Railroad crossing diagram
Installation Requirements
Placement
Highways and Streets (except for local residential streets with speed limits less than 30 mph):
Installation should follow TxDOT recommendations in the TxDOT Highway Illumination Manual. Where
TxDOT requirements do not apply, the streetlight system shall be installed in the right-of-way or within
public utility easements and poles should be placed approximately 2.5 feet back from curbs and 10 feet
back from edge of paving for uncurbed roads or, where there is sidewalk abutting the curb,
approximately 1 foot behind the sidewalk. Deviations of more than 1 foot in either direction from these
requirements must be approved by DME Engineering.
Local Residential Streets (less than 30 mph): The streetlight system shall be installed in the right-of-way
or within public utility easements. Poles should be placed approximately 2 feet back from the curb of 10
feet from un-curbed pavement. If a sidewalk abuts the curb, then the pole should be placed
approximately 1 foot behind the sidewalk. In a residential neighborhood, streetlights should be placed
within 5 feet of common property lines (e.g. between neighbors).
Vertical and Horizontal Clearances
New streetlights should not interfere with existing structures or rights-of-way, including sidewalks, nor
should the placement preclude the ability to perform maintenance on the pole in a safe manner. See
National Electric Safety Code (NESC) section 234 for specific clearances required for overhead electric
installations. The exception to this requirement is when streetlight arms are mounted directly to
wooden distribution poles.
Proposed trees should be located at least 25 feet from any streetlight location. When installing new
lights in a location with existing trees, consideration should be given to the age and maturity of the tree
and whether it will interfere with the light when it is fully grown. DME will be responsible for tree
trimming around streetlights to preserve the integrity of streetlighting as needed.
Median-mounted poles should be installed at least 20 feet back from an intersection to minimize the
number of vehicle-streetlight collisions due to vehicles and trucks turning too sharply at the intersection.
In areas predominantly served by overhead electric powerlines, streetlights are usually installed by
attaching streetlight arms to existing wood distribution poles. Care should be given when planning for
lighting in these areas as overhead lines pose a conflict when placing new lighting poles. Clearances
must be maintained for safety. Redesign/relocation of existing overhead power lines just to
accommodate lighting is costly and time consuming. Utilizing existing wood pole locations and
installations on the opposite side of the street are two ideas for additional placement options in these
areas
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Historic Lighting
Historic lighting is a modern light fixture with a decorative pole and fixture that give the lighting the look
of early 20th century lighting. Historic lighting has been approved for use only in the desIgnated historic
districts of Denton. All requests for historic lighting within these districts must be submitted to DME
Engineering for design and approval. Historic lighting is not approved for installations outside of the
historic districts. The requesting organization, developer, or agency shall be responsible for all costs
related to the design and installation of historic streetlights.
Control System
All new streetlighting in the DME service area shall have a control node installed which, at a minimum,
will turn the light on and off according to ambient light conditions (photocell control) and shall be
compatible with the CityTouch lighting control system. Where street lighting is installed by the
developer, DME shall provide and install control nodes at the developer’s expense. DME will
commission the control nodes into the CityTouch program.
Where streetlighting is served by other electric utilities than DME in the City, DME does not require or
install control nodes.
Table 3 - CityTouch compatible control node models.
Model Number
LLC7290
LLC7294
Volta,
2
347 – 480V
Use
Cobra head jights
High voltage cobra
head lights
Post-top lights
Function
Photocell controller
Photocell controller
location-based timers)
Dimming and Light Trespass
The City adheres to ANSI RP-8 lighting levels for all streets except local residential streets with speed
limits less than 30 mph. Lighting that has been designed to ANSI RP-8 cannot be dimmed without
diminishing the lighting level which, by definition, no longer meets the RP-8 standard. Thus, all
streetlighting that is not in residential neighborhoods with speeds less than 30 mph will be maintained
at full brightness.
On local residential streets with speed limits less than 30 mph, the streetlights may be dimmed by
resident request at specific locations due to light pollution concerns by residents. DME will dim
residential streetlights down as low as 60%.
The City also reserves the right to install house side shields (available only on cobrahead lights) and
make other reasonable modifications to the luminaires to minimize impacts to the residents at the
DM E’s discretion
Migratory Birds and Other Flying Species
DME will dim residential streetlights down as low as 50% during select animal migration or activity
periods as specified by the City Environmental Services & Sustainability Department.
In coordination with the City’s Environmental Services & Sustainability Department, DME will coordinate
dimming streetlights in residential areas to 50% brightness.
International Dark Sky Association
DME installs and maintains two types of streetlight luminaires (light fixtures), post-top and cobrahead.
The cobrahead light fixtures are endorsed by the International Dark Sky Associate (IDA) which makes
recommendations on lighting with minimal up-light. The existing post-top lighting fixtures are not IDA
endorsed, however an acceptable IDA approved alternate is being considered for all residential
developments streets with speeds less than 30 mph.
Construction Requirements
Streetlight construction (e.g. conduit, wiring, etc.) shall follow the DME Standard Construction Drawings.
DSL-ARM
DSL-STD
DSL-12A
DSL-20C
DSL-35
Conduit runs should not exceed 700 feet between pulling locations. When bends total 180 degrees
conduit runs should be limited to 500 feet or less. No run of conduit should have more than 360
degrees of total bend between pulling points.
The total length of a single lighting circuit at 120V should be less than 1,000 feet, the total length of a
single lighting circuit at 240V should be less than 2,000 feet, and the total length of a circuit at 480V
should be less than 4,000 feet unless circuit design and loading has been validated by engineering.
Additional design information may be found in the TXDOT Highway Illumination Manual,
Streetlight Criteria Manual
Responsibilities
Developer and DME
Highways and Streets (except local residential streets with speeds limits < 30 mph)
Developer is responsible for streetlighting design that meets the requirements of ANSI RP-8 for the
appropriate roadway characteristics. A photometric (lighting) study shall be required. The final design
should be approved and stamped by a licensed professional engineer. Final design must also be
approved by DME Engineering.
Lighting levels, placement, and compliance with ANSI RP-8 must be verified and documented with
lighting design software. At a minimum, documentation shall be provided to DME Engineering showing:
street geometry (width, number of lanes, median size)
street classifications (arterial, collector, etc.)
pedestrian activity classification
criteria levels applied (illuminance vs. luminance method, and levels)
lighting placements (median, side, parallel, staggered)
maximum separation distance*
*As an alternative to maximum spacings, a layout drawing of the project may be provided with
calculation grid values and/or light level isolines indicating that the installation meets the applicable
requirements.
For TXDOT projects, the design contractor will provide specific lighting requirements, if any. The design
package should dictate where lighting should be placed and what types of poles and fixtures should be
used
For City initiated projects, the City Engineer or their contractor will design the street lighting and submit
to DME Engineering for approval. Once approved, the city’s contractor will perform all civil work, and
pull wiring and install streetlights and poles. DME will provide service points as needed. DME will also
install and commission control nodes for interconnection with CityTouch.
A monthly maintenance, repair, and usage fee will be charged to The City thereafter for all streetlights
on public streets per current DME rates.
Local Residential Streets (with speed limits < 30 mph)
The Developer (or DME if DME is responsible for the given project) is responsible for the design and
layout of streetlights at all intersections, cul-de-sacs, and no more than 250 feet between. DME
Engineering shall approve the final design. Once the project is approved and permitted, the Developer
is responsible for providing all civil work including grading, trenching, installation of conduit and pull-
boxes, etc.
DME is responsible for installation of wire, streetlights and poles, and service points. DME will charge an
initial installation fee to the developer based on the number of lights.
A monthly maintenance, repair, and usage fee will be charged to The City thereafter for all streetlights
on public streets per current DME rates.
For City initiated projects, the City Engineer or their contractor will design the street lighting and submit
to DME for approval. Once approved, the city’s contractor will perform all civil work, and pull wiring and
install streetlights and poles. DME will provide service points as needed. DME will also install and
commission control nodes for interconnection with CityTouch.
For private streets and drives (where the City of Denton does not take ownership of the roadway or
streetlights) one of the following will occur:
1) if non-standard lights are installed, DME will provide a metered service point. Developer is
responsible for installation of entire streetlighting system. Designated customer (individual,
HOA, etc.) will be responsible for monthly power costs and all maintenance.
OR
2) if standard DME lighting is installed, Developer is responsible for all civil work (grading,
trenching, installation of conduit, etc.) and installation of poles and streetlights. DME will pull
wires and connect the lights at the Developer’s expense. Designated customer (individual, HOA,
etc.) will be responsible the monthly streetlight power and maintenance rates.
OR
3) Exceptions to this rule must be agreed upon by all parties in a formal agreement.
Streetlighting in Non-DME-Served Areas
Standard streetlights have been approved by The City as listed in the General Requirements section of
this manual. Electric utilities other than DME may or may not be able to provide the same luminaires.
Non-standard lights will not be maintained by DME or The City. DME will provide, install, maintain, and
repair standard The City streetlights at the developer’s expense. The electric service provider will charge
the City of Denton according to the rates agreed upon between The City and the electric service
provider.
For streets in non-DME service territories, Developer should coordinate with the electric utility, DME,
and the City at the earliest stage of development to determine and agree upon the following:
Developer, City/DM E, and Customer responsibilities
Service points and project design
Mode of disconnect for safe maintenance (e.g. in-line fuses, etc.)
Mode of billing (metered usage, monthly rate, etc.)
Designated customer/developer responsible for fees
Other concerns as applicable
Customer/Citizen Requests for addition/removal of Streetlighting
When additional/modified/decreased lighting is requested by a customer, DME will perform an analysis
of the lighting to determine if the modifications would provide added safety, visibility, and aesthetic
value to a location. Light intrusion, cost, and feasibility will also be considered. At DME’s discretion,
lighting may be added or modified to bring the streetlighting closer in line with this manual or meet
other specific concerns.
Appendix Poles and Luminaires
Standard Lighting Fixtures in Denton
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Residential lighting
20-foot concrete aggregate pole
with post.top luminaire.
General street lighting
Wood (distribution) pole with
single mast arm and cobra head
luminaires.
General street lighting
35-foot white concrete pole with
single or double mast arms and
cobra head luminaires.
Historic district lighting
12-foot metal, decorative pole with
post-top luminaire.